Test 65 Flashcards
MC benign tumor of the liver
cavernous, blood filled vascular spaces of variable size lined by a single epithelial layer
cavernous hemangioma (congenital malformation that enlarge by ectasia)
*biopy can cause fatal hemorrhage
can regress w/ discontinuation of OCPs
hepatic adenoma
can be associated w/ hemochromatosis
hepatocellular carcinoma
Auer rods
AML
M3 variant= promyelocytic leukemia is assocaited w/ t(15:17)
Auer rods
Peroxidase +
t(8;21)
asymptomatic or causing pulmonary disease ranging from a flu-like illness to chronic pneumonia
SPHERULES CONTAINING ENDOSPORES
coccidioides immitis infections
US and mexico
septae hyphae that branch at 45 angles
Aspergillus
causes pulmonary disease in IC pts
round yeast w/ broad base budding
blastomyces
small oval yeast w/ in mphages
histoplasmosa
COPD can cause hypoxia sufficient to stimulate…
increased EPO by cortical cell so fkidney
decreased esophageal body peristalsis and POOR relaxation of LES on manometry
achalasia
local cutaneous SE of chronic topical corticosteroid administration
atrophy/thinning of dermis
difference in bone density curves in healthy individuals
genetic differences
ca intake/dietary diff smaller role
Smoking
Sentrally located
clusters of ovid cells that are smaller htan resting lymphocytes and stain opsitive for CHROMOGRANIN (NEUROENDOCRINE MARKER)
SCC
MC lung cancer of NON smokers
Clubbing
glandular differentation dthat form tubules/papillae
adenocarcinoma
MUCIN +
tall columnar cells that spread along alveolar septae
bronchioalveolar carcinoma
large yeast cell w/ single bud
culture at 25
Blastomyces
sporohtrix
GARDENING
pustules/ulcers
culture @ 25
roud/cigar shaped yeast budding
coccidioides
southwestern DESERT areas
flu-like illness, cough
THICK WALLED SPHERULES that fill endospores
HIstoplasma
Ohio and Mississippi
like TB (granulomas)
yeast cells HIDING in MPHAGES
Blastomyces
Ohio and Missispi river fvalle and GREAT LAKES
pneumonia
double refractile wall and single broad based bud
malassezia furfur
cutaneous mycosis
hypopigmented skin patches
tardive dyskinesia
involuntary perioral movements (biting, chwing, grimacing)
EPS affect of antipsychotics (arises between 4 mos adn 4 yrs of tx and may be irreversible)
atypical antipsychotic most likely to cause EPS
Risperidone
supine pts aspirate to…
posterior SEGMENT of UPPER LOBE and superior segment of LOWER lobe
pts who are upright aspirate to…
basilar segmentes of lower lobes
*down RIGHT bronchus
upper mucosal tear caused by forceful vomiting
MW tear
forceful vomiting can lead to…..
METABOLLIC ALKALOSIS d/t LOSS of acidic gastric secretions
inhibits CA and blocks NaHCO2 and water reapsorption in PT leading to urinary bicarb wasting
Used to relieve IOP in open and closed angle glaucoma
Carbonic anyhudrase
vitiligo
LOSS of epidermal melanocytes
melanocytes that do not PRODUCE melanin b/c of absent tyrosinase
ALBINISM
melanosome aggregates w/in melanocyte
cafe au lait spots
binds to Fc region of heavy Ig chain in region near hinge point
complement
esophageal varices and splenic enlargement
portal HTN
acetaminophen toxicity
centriloublar hepatic necroiss and LF in 24-48 hrs
obvious on liver biopsy
contralateral motor and sensory deficites of LE, behvioral chagnes and urinary incontinence
ACA
first line agent for TB that requires an acidic environment
Pyranzinamide
lepromin skin test positive
pts w/ tuberculoid leprosy who exhibit strong CD4TH1 cell mediated immune rsponse to M leprae
lepromin skin test neagative
lepromatous leprosy
weak TH1 cell mediated immune response
abnormal bleeding into joint spaces d/t…
coagulopathy
Hemophilia A is MC
X linked inheritance and PTT prolongation
sickle cell pts are at incrased risk for….
encapsulated ORGS!!!!!!! b/c they’re fxnally asplenic
S. Pneumonia
H. Influenza
MC causes of osteomyelitis in pts sickle cell
salmonella (children
s. aureus
e. coli
