Test 65 Flashcards by Sarah Carlson

MC benign tumor of the liver

cavernous, blood filled vascular spaces of variable size lined by a single epithelial layer

cavernous hemangioma (congenital malformation that enlarge by ectasia)

*biopy can cause fatal hemorrhage

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can regress w/ discontinuation of OCPs

hepatic adenoma

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can be associated w/ hemochromatosis

hepatocellular carcinoma

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Auer rods

AML

M3 variant= promyelocytic leukemia is assocaited w/ t(15:17)

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Auer rods

Peroxidase +

t(8;21)

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asymptomatic or causing pulmonary disease ranging from a flu-like illness to chronic pneumonia

SPHERULES CONTAINING ENDOSPORES

coccidioides immitis infections

US and mexico

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septae hyphae that branch at 45 angles

Aspergillus

causes pulmonary disease in IC pts

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round yeast w/ broad base budding

blastomyces

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small oval yeast w/ in mphages

histoplasmosa

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COPD can cause hypoxia sufficient to stimulate…

increased EPO by cortical cell so fkidney

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decreased esophageal body peristalsis and POOR relaxation of LES on manometry

achalasia

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local cutaneous SE of chronic topical corticosteroid administration

atrophy/thinning of dermis

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difference in bone density curves in healthy individuals

genetic differences

ca intake/dietary diff smaller role

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Smoking
Sentrally located
clusters of ovid cells that are smaller htan resting lymphocytes and stain opsitive for CHROMOGRANIN (NEUROENDOCRINE MARKER)

SCC

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MC lung cancer of NON smokers
Clubbing
glandular differentation dthat form tubules/papillae

adenocarcinoma

MUCIN +

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tall columnar cells that spread along alveolar septae

bronchioalveolar carcinoma

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large yeast cell w/ single bud

culture at 25

Blastomyces

sporohtrix

GARDENING
pustules/ulcers
culture @ 25
roud/cigar shaped yeast budding

coccidioides

southwestern DESERT areas

flu-like illness, cough

THICK WALLED SPHERULES that fill endospores

HIstoplasma

Ohio and Mississippi

like TB (granulomas)

yeast cells HIDING in MPHAGES

Blastomyces

Ohio and Missispi river fvalle and GREAT LAKES

pneumonia

double refractile wall and single broad based bud

malassezia furfur

cutaneous mycosis

hypopigmented skin patches

tardive dyskinesia

involuntary perioral movements (biting, chwing, grimacing)

EPS affect of antipsychotics (arises between 4 mos adn 4 yrs of tx and may be irreversible)

atypical antipsychotic most likely to cause EPS

Risperidone

supine pts aspirate to...

posterior SEGMENT of UPPER LOBE and superior segment of LOWER lobe

pts who are upright aspirate to...

basilar segmentes of lower lobes *down RIGHT bronchus

upper mucosal tear caused by forceful vomiting

MW tear

forceful vomiting can lead to.....

METABOLLIC ALKALOSIS d/t LOSS of acidic gastric secretions

inhibits CA and blocks NaHCO2 and water reapsorption in PT leading to urinary bicarb wasting Used to relieve IOP in open and closed angle glaucoma

Carbonic anyhudrase

vitiligo

LOSS of epidermal melanocytes

melanocytes that do not PRODUCE melanin b/c of absent tyrosinase

ALBINISM

melanosome aggregates w/in melanocyte

cafe au lait spots

binds to Fc region of heavy Ig chain in region near hinge point

complement

esophageal varices and splenic enlargement

portal HTN

acetaminophen toxicity

centriloublar hepatic necroiss and LF in 24-48 hrs obvious on liver biopsy

contralateral motor and sensory deficites of LE, behvioral chagnes and urinary incontinence

ACA

first line agent for TB that requires an acidic environment

Pyranzinamide

lepromin skin test positive

pts w/ tuberculoid leprosy who exhibit strong CD4TH1 cell mediated immune rsponse to M leprae

lepromin skin test neagative

lepromatous leprosy weak TH1 cell mediated immune response

abnormal bleeding into joint spaces d/t...

coagulopathy Hemophilia A is MC X linked inheritance and PTT prolongation

sickle cell pts are at incrased risk for....

encapsulated ORGS!!!!!!! b/c they're fxnally asplenic S. Pneumonia H. Influenza

MC causes of osteomyelitis in pts sickle cell

salmonella (children s. aureus e. coli