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Step 1 > Test 65 > Flashcards

Test 65 Flashcards

1
Q

MC benign tumor of the liver

cavernous, blood filled vascular spaces of variable size lined by a single epithelial layer

A

cavernous hemangioma (congenital malformation that enlarge by ectasia)

*biopy can cause fatal hemorrhage

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2
Q

can regress w/ discontinuation of OCPs

A

hepatic adenoma

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3
Q

can be associated w/ hemochromatosis

A

hepatocellular carcinoma

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4
Q

Auer rods

A

AML

M3 variant= promyelocytic leukemia is assocaited w/ t(15:17)

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5
Q

Auer rods

Peroxidase +

A

t(8;21)

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6
Q

asymptomatic or causing pulmonary disease ranging from a flu-like illness to chronic pneumonia

SPHERULES CONTAINING ENDOSPORES

A

coccidioides immitis infections

US and mexico

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7
Q

septae hyphae that branch at 45 angles

A

Aspergillus

causes pulmonary disease in IC pts

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8
Q

round yeast w/ broad base budding

A

blastomyces

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9
Q

small oval yeast w/ in mphages

A

histoplasmosa

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10
Q

COPD can cause hypoxia sufficient to stimulate…

A

increased EPO by cortical cell so fkidney

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11
Q

decreased esophageal body peristalsis and POOR relaxation of LES on manometry

A

achalasia

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12
Q

local cutaneous SE of chronic topical corticosteroid administration

A

atrophy/thinning of dermis

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13
Q

difference in bone density curves in healthy individuals

A

genetic differences

ca intake/dietary diff smaller role

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14
Q

Smoking
Sentrally located
clusters of ovid cells that are smaller htan resting lymphocytes and stain opsitive for CHROMOGRANIN (NEUROENDOCRINE MARKER)

A

SCC

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15
Q

MC lung cancer of NON smokers
Clubbing
glandular differentation dthat form tubules/papillae

A

adenocarcinoma

MUCIN +

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16
Q

tall columnar cells that spread along alveolar septae

A

bronchioalveolar carcinoma

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17
Q

large yeast cell w/ single bud

culture at 25

A

Blastomyces

18
Q

sporohtrix

A

GARDENING
pustules/ulcers
culture @ 25
roud/cigar shaped yeast budding

19
Q

coccidioides

A

southwestern DESERT areas

flu-like illness, cough

THICK WALLED SPHERULES that fill endospores

20
Q

HIstoplasma

A

Ohio and Mississippi

like TB (granulomas)

yeast cells HIDING in MPHAGES

21
Q

Blastomyces

A

Ohio and Missispi river fvalle and GREAT LAKES

pneumonia

double refractile wall and single broad based bud

22
Q

malassezia furfur

A

cutaneous mycosis

hypopigmented skin patches

23
Q

tardive dyskinesia

A

involuntary perioral movements (biting, chwing, grimacing)

EPS affect of antipsychotics (arises between 4 mos adn 4 yrs of tx and may be irreversible)

24
Q

atypical antipsychotic most likely to cause EPS

A

Risperidone

25
Q

supine pts aspirate to…

A

posterior SEGMENT of UPPER LOBE and superior segment of LOWER lobe

26
Q

pts who are upright aspirate to…

A

basilar segmentes of lower lobes

*down RIGHT bronchus

27
Q

upper mucosal tear caused by forceful vomiting

A

MW tear

28
Q

forceful vomiting can lead to…..

A

METABOLLIC ALKALOSIS d/t LOSS of acidic gastric secretions

29
Q

inhibits CA and blocks NaHCO2 and water reapsorption in PT leading to urinary bicarb wasting

Used to relieve IOP in open and closed angle glaucoma

A

Carbonic anyhudrase

30
Q

vitiligo

A

LOSS of epidermal melanocytes

31
Q

melanocytes that do not PRODUCE melanin b/c of absent tyrosinase

A

ALBINISM

32
Q

melanosome aggregates w/in melanocyte

A

cafe au lait spots

33
Q

binds to Fc region of heavy Ig chain in region near hinge point

A

complement

34
Q

esophageal varices and splenic enlargement

A

portal HTN

35
Q

acetaminophen toxicity

A

centriloublar hepatic necroiss and LF in 24-48 hrs

obvious on liver biopsy

36
Q

contralateral motor and sensory deficites of LE, behvioral chagnes and urinary incontinence

A

ACA

37
Q

first line agent for TB that requires an acidic environment

A

Pyranzinamide

38
Q

lepromin skin test positive

A

pts w/ tuberculoid leprosy who exhibit strong CD4TH1 cell mediated immune rsponse to M leprae

39
Q

lepromin skin test neagative

A

lepromatous leprosy

weak TH1 cell mediated immune response

40
Q

abnormal bleeding into joint spaces d/t…

A

coagulopathy

Hemophilia A is MC
X linked inheritance and PTT prolongation

41
Q

sickle cell pts are at incrased risk for….

A

encapsulated ORGS!!!!!!! b/c they’re fxnally asplenic

S. Pneumonia
H. Influenza

42
Q

MC causes of osteomyelitis in pts sickle cell

A

salmonella (children

s. aureus
e. coli

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