Test 51 Flashcards
increases cholesterol solubility and decreases risk of gallstones
HIGH BS and phosphatidylcholine levels
LOW cholesterol levels
most aggressive type of lung cancer
small cell carcinoma (most have distant mets at time of dx)
tx for small cell carcinoma
surgery usually not an option
chemo and radiation
best long term tx choice for chronic tophaceous gout
allopurinol- XO inhibitor
febuxostat
new XO that is safer in pts w/ renal dysfxn
what happens to the pancreas in pt w/ CF
fills w/ mucous plugs
inability to secrete pancreatic enzymes> steatorrhea
hypoglycemia in a setting of HIGH intracellular NADH
Metabollic fuel other than glucose is present (ample metabolic energy supply)
Hepatic ethanol catabolism produces NADH nad inhibits gluconeogenesis
how does cocaine affect blood sugar
hyperglycemia d/t adrenergic activity
acute onset neuro abnormalities, hypoxemia, petechial rash following severe long bone/pelvic fxs
fat embolism syndrome
*occlusion of pulmonary microvessals by fat globules
work of breathing in pt w/ pulmonary fibrosis
minimized d/t increased elastic resistance when RR is HIGH and tidal volume is low
work of breathing in pts w/ increased airflow resistance
asthma/COPD
breather at a lower rate/higher tidal volume (slow deep breaths) to minimize work of breathing
stap injury above the clavicle between the midclavicular and lateral sternal lines
lung pleura
lung apices extend above the level of hte clavicle and fisrt rib through the superior thoracic aperture
penetrating injury between clavicle and first rib
pntx
tension pntx
penetrating injury between clavicle and first rib
pntx
tension pntx
what traps the rise of a horseshoe kidney
IMA
where are lipids digested and absorbed
digested in the duodenum
absorbed in teh jejunum
does cholecystectomy effect lipid digsetion and absorption?
no
pts may find it difficult to eat a large fatty meal
green color of PUS
MPO release from neutrohil azurophilic granules
MPO is a heme containing pigmented molecule
MC neurological complication of VZV infection
post herpetic neuralgia
MC neurological complication of VZV infection
post herpetic neuralgia
Major factor in determining coronary blood flow
blood supply to the heart occurs during DIASTOLE so LENGTH of diastole is critical
cause of ghon foci in lower lungs
primary TB
secondary TB
reactivation TB most often in immunosuppressed pts
characterized by apical cavitary lesions and hemoptysis
SE of L-Dopa (adding carbidopa inhibits peripheral conversion of L Dopa making it more available)
Anxiety and agitation d/t increased Da
commonly used to prevent primary and secondary coronary events after TIAs
low dose aspirin
MC SE of aspirin
increased GI blood loss
drugs w/ highest risk of causing drug induced lupus
Procainamide
hydralazine
isoniazid
lupus like sxs + positive ANA and anti-histone antibodies, but anti-dsDNA not seen
DILE
RR
A/A+B divided by C/C+D
cause of intestinal atresia distal to duodenum
vascular accidnets in utero
apple peel atresia
SMA is obstructed> blind ending proximal jejunum> terminal ileum distal to atresia assumes a SPIRAL configuraiton around ileocolic vessel
infant w/ constipation
mild weakenss
letheragy
poor feeding
infant botulism
honey consumption
dx stool for bacterial toxins
low absorption of B12 not correctable by IF (schilling test) is indicative of….
ileal disease
pancreatic insufficiency
bacterial overgrowth
probability that a F sibling of a male affected by an X linked recessive disease will give birth to an affected child
1/8
.5X.5X.5
probability that a F sibling of a male affected by an X linked recessive disease will give birth to an affected child
1/8
.5X.5X.5
eyes that get tired easily later in the day and anterior mediastinal mass
MG + thymomoa/thyic hyperplasia
cause MG
circulating Abs against ACh receptors of NMJ
cause MG
circulating Abs against ACh receptors of NMJ
used to prevent nephrotoxicity in pts receiving platinum based chemo regimen
aggressive hydraiton
amifostine (decreases risk of nephrotoxicity)
tx of MTX overdose
leucovorin
Filgrastim
GCSF analog used to stimulae prolif/diff of granulocytes
fomepizole
antidote to methanol/ethylene glycol poisoning
prevents anthryacylcine (doxorubicin) cardiotoxicity
dexrazoxane (irone chelating agent)
