Test 36- HRM

Question 1

MEN1

Answer 1

pituitary
parathyroid
PANCREAS
**if you have 2 out of 3 evaluate for the THIRD type

Question 2

hypercalcemia tx w/ neck surgery

Answer 2

parathyroid adenoma

Question 3

drug that EXACERBATES hypoglycemia nad masks adrenergic sxs

should NOT be used in pts w/ DM

Answer 3

non selective b blockers

*use B1 if necessary

Question 4

a pt that has low BS but never experiences sxs of hypoglycemia may be on which med

Answer 4

beta blocker

Question 5

DM
necrolytic migratory erythema
anemia
diabetes

Dermatitis
Diabetes
DVT
Depression

Answer 5

Glucagonoma

*detect elevated levels of serum glucagon

Question 6

HTN
hypokalemia
Metabolic alkalosis (high HCO3)
low renin

Answer 6

primary hyperaldosteorne

Question 7

produced by sertoli cells

phyiological inhibiotr of FSH

Answer 7

inhibin B

Question 8

controls LH concentration

Answer 8

testosterone feedback

Question 9

males who only have one testes, will have fewer sertoli cells and therefore, decreased inhibiin and INCReased…

Answer 9

FSH

Question 10

end product of sorbitol metabolism in health individuals

Answer 10

Fructose!!

Glucose> 
aldolose reducatse>
sorbitol>
sorbitol DH>
FRUCTOSE

Question 11

where is sorbital pathway most active

Answer 11

seminal vesicles

Question 12

retina, renal papilla, schwann cells

Answer 12

LESS sorbitol DH activity, so sorbitol isn’t converted to fructose

Question 13

induces glycolysis by inducing PFK-1 and inhibits gluconeogenesis by inhibiting 1,6 BP

Answer 13

fructose 2,6 BP

Question 14

upper GI ulcer
abdominal pain
diarrhea

Answer 14

gastrinoma

Question 15

should be monitored in pts receiving amiodarone

Answer 15

thyroid function tests

Question 16

proptosis

Answer 16

exopthalmos

Question 17

tx for severe grave’s opthalmopathy

Answer 17

high dose glucocorticoids

decrease severity of inflammation and extraocular volume

Question 18

increasing prevalence and stable incidence can be attriubted to…

Answer 18

factors that prolong duration of disease

improved quality of care

Question 19

palpitation
hand tremor
fatigability
mood swings will all improve w/ the use of this medicaiton for graves except for exopthalmos

Answer 19

beta blocker

Question 20

antiandrogens

Answer 20

finasteride
flutamide
ketoconazole
spironolactone

Question 21

flutamide

Answer 21

non steroid anti androgen that competes w/ test and DHT for TESTOSTERONE RECEPTORS

Question 22

why is flutamide used to tx prostate cancer

Answer 22

blocks stimulatory effect of androgens on primary tumor and metastases and leads to reduction in size

**the ONLY receptor blocker

Question 23

decreases conversion of testosterone to DHT and used to tx BPH nad male patern baldness

Answer 23

finasteride

Question 24

maintain spermatogenesis
release inhibin
secrete MIF

Answer 24

sertoli cells

Question 25

repro hormone levels seen in anorexic femlaes

Answer 25

low LH, FSH, estradio and estrone hypogonadotropic amenorrhea

Question 26

linke between hyperprolactinemia and osteoporosis

Answer 26

``` hyperprolactinemia> hypogonadism> reduced estrogen in women> low estrogen> acceerated bone loss ```

Question 27

47XXY

Answer 27

kinefelter

Question 28

``` tall stature small firm testes azoospermia gynecomastia mild intellectual disability ```

Answer 28

klinefelter

Question 29

competitively inhibits thyroid uptake of radioactive iodine isotopes and is often administered after nuclear accidents to protect thyroid and prevent thyroid from radiation induced thrroid carcinoma

Answer 29

potassium iodide

Question 30

effects of prolonged hypogonadism caused by hyper PRL

Answer 30

low estrogen> accelerated bone loss> osteoporosis vaginal dryness

Question 31

high blood glucose levels in maternal circulation affect on fetus

Answer 31

cross placenta and cause fetal hyperglycemia and islet hyperlasia> once delivered> hypoglycemia

Question 32

``` confusion sweating tremors heart palpitations relieved by honey water ```

Answer 32

hypoglycemia

Question 33

impt cause of hypoglycemia in diabetics

Answer 33

exercise increased glucose uptake by muscles + rapid subcut insulin absorption when injection occurs in limb that is exercised

Question 34

administration of cortisol allows NE to reach full vasoconstrictive potential

Answer 34

permissive cortisol is nOT additive/permissive, b/c it ALONE does not have any effects on vascular reactivity

Question 35

MCC of death in pts w/ DM

Answer 35

cardiovascular disease

Question 36

infant w/ FTT, jaundice and hepatomegaly manifests after intro of fructose into the diet

Answer 36

aldolase B def