Test 36- HRM Flashcards
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pituitary
parathyroid
PANCREAS
**if you have 2 out of 3 evaluate for the THIRD type
hypercalcemia tx w/ neck surgery
parathyroid adenoma
drug that EXACERBATES hypoglycemia nad masks adrenergic sxs
should NOT be used in pts w/ DM
non selective b blockers
*use B1 if necessary
a pt that has low BS but never experiences sxs of hypoglycemia may be on which med
beta blocker
DM
necrolytic migratory erythema
anemia
diabetes
Dermatitis
Diabetes
DVT
Depression
Glucagonoma
*detect elevated levels of serum glucagon
HTN
hypokalemia
Metabolic alkalosis (high HCO3)
low renin
primary hyperaldosteorne
produced by sertoli cells
phyiological inhibiotr of FSH
inhibin B
controls LH concentration
testosterone feedback
males who only have one testes, will have fewer sertoli cells and therefore, decreased inhibiin and INCReased…
FSH
end product of sorbitol metabolism in health individuals
Fructose!!
Glucose> aldolose reducatse> sorbitol> sorbitol DH> FRUCTOSE
where is sorbital pathway most active
seminal vesicles
retina, renal papilla, schwann cells
LESS sorbitol DH activity, so sorbitol isn’t converted to fructose
induces glycolysis by inducing PFK-1 and inhibits gluconeogenesis by inhibiting 1,6 BP
fructose 2,6 BP
upper GI ulcer
abdominal pain
diarrhea
gastrinoma
should be monitored in pts receiving amiodarone
thyroid function tests
proptosis
exopthalmos
tx for severe grave’s opthalmopathy
high dose glucocorticoids
decrease severity of inflammation and extraocular volume
increasing prevalence and stable incidence can be attriubted to…
factors that prolong duration of disease
improved quality of care
palpitation
hand tremor
fatigability
mood swings will all improve w/ the use of this medicaiton for graves except for exopthalmos
beta blocker
antiandrogens
finasteride
flutamide
ketoconazole
spironolactone
flutamide
non steroid anti androgen that competes w/ test and DHT for TESTOSTERONE RECEPTORS
why is flutamide used to tx prostate cancer
blocks stimulatory effect of androgens on primary tumor and metastases and leads to reduction in size
**the ONLY receptor blocker
decreases conversion of testosterone to DHT and used to tx BPH nad male patern baldness
finasteride
maintain spermatogenesis
release inhibin
secrete MIF
sertoli cells
repro hormone levels seen in anorexic femlaes
low LH, FSH, estradio and estrone
hypogonadotropic amenorrhea
linke between hyperprolactinemia and osteoporosis
hyperprolactinemia> hypogonadism> reduced estrogen in women> low estrogen> acceerated bone loss
47XXY
kinefelter
tall stature small firm testes azoospermia gynecomastia mild intellectual disability
klinefelter
competitively inhibits thyroid uptake of radioactive iodine isotopes and is often administered after nuclear accidents to protect thyroid and prevent thyroid from radiation induced thrroid carcinoma
potassium iodide
effects of prolonged hypogonadism caused by hyper PRL
low estrogen>
accelerated bone loss> osteoporosis
vaginal dryness
high blood glucose levels in maternal circulation affect on fetus
cross placenta and cause fetal hyperglycemia and islet hyperlasia>
once delivered> hypoglycemia
confusion sweating tremors heart palpitations relieved by honey water
hypoglycemia
impt cause of hypoglycemia in diabetics
exercise
increased glucose uptake by muscles + rapid subcut insulin absorption when injection occurs in limb that is exercised
administration of cortisol allows NE to reach full vasoconstrictive potential
permissive
cortisol is nOT additive/permissive, b/c it ALONE does not have any effects on vascular reactivity
MCC of death in pts w/ DM
cardiovascular disease
infant w/ FTT, jaundice and hepatomegaly
manifests after intro of fructose into the diet
aldolase B def
