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Step 1 > Test 87 > Flashcards

Test 87 Flashcards

1
Q

Small bowel mucosa in pts w/ lactase def

A

NORMAL (often in NA and AA)

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2
Q

marked atrophy of intestinal villi

A

celiac disease

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3
Q

distended mphages in intestinal lamina propria

A

Whipple disease

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4
Q

collections of NEUTROPHILS in crypt lumina

A

UC

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5
Q

intestinal inflammation w/ scattered noncaseating granulomas

A

Crohn disease

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6
Q

MASSIVE infiltration of LP w/ atypical lymphocytes

A

GI lymphomas

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7
Q

Clinical tests to assess attention/concentration

A

counting down from 100 by intervals of 3/7
reciting mos of year in reverse order
spelling world backwards

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8
Q

following a multistep comma]nd

A

comprehension

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9
Q

ask about details of significant life events

A

remote events

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10
Q

What happens to mixed venous blood, arterial blood gas and arterial pH during AEROBIC exercise?

A

incresaed skeletal muscle CO2 production increases the PCO2 of mixed venous blood

homeostatic mechanisms maintain arterial blood gas levels and arterial pH near resting values

*arterial pH is norm in mod exercise but can decrease during strenuous d/t lactic acidosis

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11
Q

decrease in vision in R eye that is narrowrer than left and directed more towards right

A

right nasal hemianopia

calcification or aneurysm of internal carotid artery impinging on uncrossed lateral retinal fibers

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12
Q

Monocular scotoma

A

Macular degeneration

optic neuritis

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13
Q

right anopia

A

retinal A or central retinal vein occlusion

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14
Q

bitemporal hemianopia

A

pressure exerted by a pituitary tumor, craniopharyngioma, aneurysm of ACA

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15
Q

left homonymous hemianopia

A

occlusion of anterior choroidal artery

occlusion of MCA or lesion invovling posterior limb of internal capsule

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16
Q

homonymous superior quadrantanopia

A

pie in the sky

TEMPORAL

meyers loop

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17
Q

honoymous inferior quadrantanopia

A

parietal

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18
Q

protein released by eosinophils to kill helminths that can also contribute to bronchial epithelial damage in pts w/ atopic asthma

A

major basic protein

eosinophils= bilobed nuclei w/ large eosinophilic granules of univform size

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19
Q

Nasty SE of Ampo B

A

RENAL TOXICITY

severe hypOkalemia and hypO magnesemia are commonly seen during therapy and require daily supplementation

20
Q

what type of calcification affects an aging aortic valve

A

dystrophic

*hallmark of cell injury/death that occurs in all types of necrosis in teh setting of NORMAL Ca levels

21
Q

intracellular hemosiderin accmulation

A

occurs in pts w/ hemolytic anemia or who undergo frequent blood transfusions

22
Q

occurs in OLD lung cavities (from TB, emyphysema, sarcoidosis) and does not invade lung tissue but forms FUNGUS BALL

A

Colonizing aspergillus fumigatus

23
Q

neck
torso
shoulder
pelvic girdle paina nd morning stiffness

A

PMR

24
Q

dyspnea
hypOTN
tachycardia soon after administration of B lactam antibiotics

A

Anaphylactic shock

tx w/ epinephrine

25
Q

cystic tumor in cerebellum of CHILD
composed of SPINDLE cells
ROSENTHAL FIBERS

A

Pilocytic astrocytoma

26
Q

Homer wright rossettes

A

Medulloblastoma

27
Q

trabecular thinning w/ fewer interconnections

A

osteoporosis

28
Q

subperiosteal resorption w/ cystic degeneration

A

hyperPTH

increases osteoclastic activity> bone resorption

taking Ca out of bone

29
Q

excessive unmineralized osteoid > low minearl density

A

vit D def

Needed for bone MINERALIZATION!

don’t have vit C to mineralize osteoid

30
Q

persistance of primary unimineralized spongiosa in medullary canals

A

Osteopetrosis

31
Q

mosaic pattern of lamellar bone

A

pagets

osteoCLAST followed by osteo BLAST leads to focal formation of abnormal bone

32
Q

reid index

A

ratio of thickness of mucous gland layer in bronchial wall submucosa to thickness of bronchial wall bewtreen respiratory epithelium and bronchial cartilage

ABOVE 40% tell you the severity of chronic bronchitis

33
Q

delayed AV conduction

A

PR prolongation

34
Q

T wave

A

ventricular repolarization

ischemia can cause inversion

35
Q

QRS

A

ventricular depolarization

36
Q

ST elevation

A

noted in MI

37
Q

Antiarrhtymics associated w/ ACQUIRED long QT

A

QUinidine

sotalol

38
Q

gingivostomatitis

intranuclear inclusions

A

HSV-1

39
Q

tx for AML

A

all trans retinoic acid> stimulates differentiation of myeloblasts into mature granulocytes and induces remission in about 90% of pts

40
Q

ulders in proximal duodenum associated w/ severe trauma/burns

A

curling ulcers

41
Q

ulcers in esophagus, stomach, duodneum in pts w/ high ICP are prone to perforation

A

Cushing ulcers

42
Q

coarce erythrocyte basophilic stippling and microcytic hypochromic anemia

A

lead poisoning

43
Q

ACE inhibition kidneys

A

efferent arteriole dilation

44
Q

recurrent thrombosis in pt under 50

A

often inherited

factor V leiden mutation causes Va resistance to inactivation by acticated protein C

45
Q

most impt environmental risk factor for PANCREATIC CANCER

A

smoking

46
Q

palpable but nontender GB (Courvoisier sign), weight loss, osbstructive jaundice (dark urine/pale stools)

A

adenocarcinoma in head of hte pancreas

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