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Step 1 > Test 39 > Flashcards

Test 39 Flashcards

1
Q

how do osteocytes exchange nutrients/waste products

A

gap junctions

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2
Q

observed at apices of glandular cells

A

tight junctions

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3
Q

half desmosomes that extend from basal surfaces of keratinocytes in strat sq epi to basal lamina

A

hemidesmosome

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4
Q

penicillinase resistant penicillins

A

nafcilin
methicillin
oxacillin

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5
Q

penicillinase resistant penicillins are MC used to tx infections caused by…

A

penicillinase producitng stratins of staph

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6
Q

commonly used to tx skin/soft tissue infections (folliculitis, abscesses) for which s. aureus is usual cause

A

Nafcillin

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7
Q

displayed by APC

A

class II MHC

used to present Ag that (dendrites, Mphates, B lymphocytes ) have encoutered in body

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8
Q

neuroleptic malignant syndrome

A

rigidity
myoglobinuria
autonomic instability
hyperpyrexia

NO myoclonus/presence of rigidity

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9
Q

tx for NMS

A 
dantrolene
D2 agonists (bromocriptine
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10
Q

NMS

A 
Fever
Encephalopathy
Vitals unstable
Enzymes increased
Rigidity of muscles
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11
Q

felling of restlessness/objective motor restlessness

A

akathisisa

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12
Q

chronic, dose related movement disorder that manifests as persistent lip smaking or rhythmic tongue/chwing movements

A

tardive dyskiniesia

**occurs after long term antipsychotic use

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13
Q

when does LV free wall rupture usually occur

A

3-7 days after onset of MI when coagulative necrosis and neutorphil infiltration have weakened the infarcted myocardium

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14
Q

MCC of inhospitdal death d/t MI

A

LV failure/cardiogenic shock

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15
Q

4 days after MI pt presents w/ profound hypotension and shortness of breath
heart sounds are muffled
JVD elevaed

A

free wall rupture>

cardiac tamponade

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16
Q

MCC of death in hospitalized pts after MI

A

ventricular failure (cardiogenic shock)

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17
Q

most frequent complication of fribrinolytic tehrapy

A

bleeding

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18
Q

biceps reflex

A

C5/C6

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19
Q

innervates flexor muscles of arm

sensory to lateral forearm

A

musculocutaneous

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20
Q

sensation to posterior arm/forearm and dorsum of hand

A

radial nerve (PCN)

21
Q

sensation to medial forearm

A

ulnar nerve

22
Q

sensation to detloid/lateral arm

A

axillary

23
Q

COPD affects FEV1/FVC

A

decreases

increased lung volumes

24
Q

restrictive lung disease affects

FEV1/FVC

A

increases

reduced lung volumes

25
Q

nitrates:
nitroglycerin
isosorbide dinitrate
isosorbide mononitrate

A

VENODILATORS

cause a DECREASE in cardiac work by DECRASING left ventricular filling volume/preload (muscles don’t need as much blood/O2 to pump)

26
Q

autoimmune response against pancreatic beta cells that leads to progressive loss of beat cell mass

A

T1D

*infiltration of islets by inflammatory cells (insulitis) is more prominent in EARLY phases of disease

27
Q

MODY

A

AD-Genetic defect in insulin secretion

impaired glucose sensing /insulin secretion

28
Q

Neonates infected w/ HBV

A

often get from moms who are positive for HBsAg and HBeAg

mildly elevated liver enzymes
high risk for chronic infections

viral replication occurs rapidly d/t weak immune system in newborns

29
Q

infant w/
HBsAg
HBeAG
and mildly elevated liver enzymes

A

HBV

30
Q

Na blocking effects intensify as heart rate increases d/t less time between AP for mediation to dissociate from recpetor

A

IC

flecainide
propafenone

31
Q

limits maximal heart rate achieved

A

B1 blockers

32
Q

Antiarrythmics that DONT affect QRS

A

beta blockers
digoxin
Dofetilide
verapimil

33
Q

Ca channel blocker taht slows SA and AV node conduction

increases coronary blood flow> reduced myocardial O2 demand

A

verapamil

34
Q

essential in PKU

A

tyrosine

can no longer be synthesized

35
Q

enz def in PKU

A

pneylalanine hydroxylase

36
Q 
yperactivity
tremor
seizures
blue eyes
fair skin
mousy body odor
A

PKU

37
Q

B1 receptors location

A

found in cardiac tissue and on renal JG cells but NOT on vascular smooth msucle

38
Q

B1 blocakde

A

decrease in cAMP

39
Q

abdominal pain
rectal bleeding
BLIND POUCH connected to ilelum w/ fibrous band attaching to umbilicus

A

meckels

40
Q

true diverticulum that is often composed of acid secreting gastric mucosa

A

meckels

41
Q

neuron responding to irreversible injury

A

red neuron

evident 12-24 hrs after injury

42
Q

shrinkage of cell body
eosinophilia
pyknosis (shirking) of nucleus
loss of nissle substance

A

red neuron

43
Q

loss of axon

A

Axonal reaction

enlargement of cell body
eccentric nucleus
enlargement of nucleous
dispersion of nissl substance

44
Q

progressive degenerative disease

A

neuronal atrophy

loss of neurons
reactive gliosis

45
Q

compensatory response to volume overload of aortic regurge

A

incrase in LV preload (LV EDV) and eccentric left ventricular hypertrophy

46
Q

tabes dorsalis and argyll robertson pupils

A

tertiary neurosyphillis

47
Q

tabes dorsalis

A

affects dorsal columns and dorsal roots of spinal cords> loss of position and vibration sesnse

48
Q

CMV infection in immunocompetent

A

subclinical infection

possible mononucleosis like syndrome that is monospot negative

49
Q

what must be equal between the pulmonary circualtion and systemic circulation at ALL times

A

rate of blood flow

must be the same to provide continuous blood flow

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