Test 59 Flashcards
central event in pathogenesis of acute necrotizing pancreatitis
abnormal activation of trypsinogen to trypsin>
premature activation of zymogens and pancreatic autodigestion
lower total cholesterol and LDL levels
most effective lipid lowering drugs for primary and secondary prevention of CVD events
statins
manifests in infants w/ ACUTE RENAL FAILURE, microangiopathic hemolytic anemia and thrombocytopenia
decreased RBC
hematocrit
platelet count
HUS
increased bleeding time, LDH, BUN, Cr
interferons a and B
produced in response to VIRAL infections
act on neighboring cells>
stimulate them to synthesize antiviral proteins that DEGRADE intracellular mRNA na dimpair protein syntehsis
ifn y
NK and T cells
promotes Th1 differentiation, MHCII expression, activates mphages
MCC of subungal splinter hemorrhages
microemboli from valvular vegetations of bacterial endocarditis
*may hear new onset regurgitant murmur
used to treat MOST seizure types and are broad spectrum anticonfulsants
lamotrigine
levetiracetam
topiramate
valproic acid*
JME
juvenile myoclonic epilepsy
myoclonic seizures that are a form of generalized epilepsy
Baclofen
GABA-B agonist
x muscle spasticity
Baclofen
GABA-B agonist
tx muscle spasticity
Clonidene
alpha 2 receptor agonist
children w/ ADD who failed tx w/ stimulants
Diazepam
used ACUTELY to tx PROLONGED seizures
DA antagonist that can treat Tourettes
fluphenazine
CO poisoning
- binds Hb w/ more affinity than O2, and reduces number of heme binding sites available to O2–> decrease O2 content in blood
- causes LEFT shift of Hb-O2 curve, reflecting decreased tendenccy of O2 to unload in tissues
**does NOT affect PaO2 (O2 dissolved in plasma) NORMAL
Methemoglobinemia
drug exposures
Fe2 oxidized to Fe3
recurrent veginal Candida infections weight loss diarrhea generalized lymphadenopathy thrush
HIV
pts w/ AIDS have increased incidence of waht cancer
EBV assocaited lymphomas
what vitamins are NOT present in breast milk
vits D and K
K supplemented by intramuscular injection at delivery to prevent hemorrhagid disease of newborn
vit D supplements hsould be given to prevent rickets d/t lack of sun exposure
black pigment stones
chronic extravascular hemolysis
what drug in combination w/ lisinopril is most likely to cause hyperkalemia
K sparing diuretics
amiloride
triamterene
spironolactone
K sparing diuretics
Ticlodopine SE
Neutropenia
fever and mouth ulcers
CBC should be monitored biweekly for tfirst three months
used to control sxs of carcinoid syndrome
octreotide
synthetic STTT analog
ondansetron
antiemetic used in pts undergoing chemo
5HT3 receptors
ondansetron
antiemetic used in pts undergoing chemo
5HT3 receptors
MCC of ca kidney stone disease
Idiopathic hypercalciuria
NORMAL serum Ca levels and high leels of Ca excreted in urine
HUS etiology
shiga toxin producing gbacteria
E. coli
shigella
antecedent diarrheal illness (bloodY)
hemolytic anemica w/ shistocytes
thrombocytopenia
acute kidney injury (red urine)
HUS
toxins injure endothelium of preglomerular arterioles/capillaries leading to platelet activation and aggregation to form MICROTHROMBI
IgA mediated vasculitis
HSP
palpable purpura
abdominal pain
arthralgias
acute glomerulopnephritis
streptococcal Ag associated glomerular damage
1-3 weeks after infection
vasculitis of medium arteries
kawasaki disease
massive widespread activation of coagulation cascade
DIC
d/t release of procoag substances by sepsis, malignancy, trauma
hematogneous osteomyelitis
MC in children
affects METAPHYSIS of long bones d/t slower blood aflow in region>
chronic supprative osteomyelitis
homogenous deposition of eosinophilic hyaline material in intima and media of small arteries and arterioles
hyaline arteriosclerosis d/t longstanding non malig HTN or diabetes
resembles clinical presentation of Friedrich ataxia
ataxia
dysarthria
loss of P/V sensation
severe vit E def
degeneration of spinocerebellar tracts, dorsal column and peripheral nerves
vaccination for Rubella
live attenuated rubella virus vaccine
