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Step 1 > Test 62 > Flashcards

Test 62 Flashcards

1
Q

innervates the muscles of mastication and passes through foramen ovale

A

CN V3

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2
Q

mutation in CFTR gene

A

defective post-translational folding and glycosylation>
degradation of CFTR integral membrane portein before it reaches the cell surface

*could help restore CFTR proteins in teh membrane

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3
Q

mutations in phenylalanine hydroxylase> protein misfolding

A

PKU

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4
Q

mutations in B globin gene of hemoglobin S

A

Sickle cell anemia

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5
Q

mitochondrial protein impt in respiratory fxn and iron homeostasis that is mutated

A

frataxin

Friedrichs ataxia

GAA repeat

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6
Q

complication of using concentrated O2 therapy for neonatal RSD

A

retinopathy of prematurity

abnormal retinal neovascularization is major cuase of blindness in developed illness

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7
Q

difference between acute stress disorder vs PTSD

A

ASD lasts no more than 4 weeks

PTSD longer than 4 weeks

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8
Q

congenital bicuspid aortic valves

A

accelerated onset of calcific aortic stenosis beginning in the sixth decade

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9
Q

senile calcific stenosis of normal aortic valves

A

symptomatic in eigth decade

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10
Q

common location for ulnar nerve injury leading to a “claw hand” deformity

A

medial epicondyle of the humerous

Guyon’s canal (handle bar pressure) near the hook of hamate and pisiform bone of the wrist

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11
Q

rare neoplasm that arises from the pleura/peritoneum that is associated w/ asbestos exposure

A

malignant mesothelioma

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12
Q

gold standard for dx of malignant mesotehlioma

A

electron microscopy

tumor cells w/ numerous, long, slender microvilli and many tonofilaments

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13
Q

defect in hepatic excretion of bilirubin glucuronidases across canalicular membrane

leading to a BLACK LIVER

A

Dubin Johnson syndrome

*dense pigment composed of EPI metabolites in lysozomes

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14
Q

Gram + diplococci, alpha hemolytic, optochin sensitive and BILE SOLUBLE

A

S. pneumoiae

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15
Q

causes osteoblasts to increase the production of RANK-ligand and M-CSF> osteoclastic differentiate into bone resorbing, mature osteocalsts

A

PTH

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16
Q

irregular, hcatoic electrical activity in atria nad ABSENT P waves, irregular irregular RR intervals and narrow QRS complexes

A

A. Fib

17
Q

Regulates the number of atrial impulses that reach the ventricle and determines the ventricular contraction rate

A

AV node refractory period

18
Q

MC site of colonization for MSRA

A

anterior nares

19
Q

decrease in L ventricular chamber apex to base dimension
sigmoid shaped ventricular septum
myocardial atrophy w/ increased COLLAGEN deposition
accumulation of cytoplasmic lipofuscin pigment w/in cardiomyocytes

A

NORMAL AGING

who knew

20
Q

tx for alcohol w/drawal

A

Benzos

substitue action of alcohol on GABA receptors

chlordizepoxide
diazepam

*short acting are used in pts w/ advanced liver dysfxn

21
Q

Flushed skin and mydriasis

A

muscarinic receptor blockade

22
Q

meds w/ antimuscuarinic effects

A 
atropine
TCAs
H1 receptor antags
neuroleptics
anti-parkinson drugs
23
Q

drugs that are preferentially processed by the liver

A

lipophillic!–allows drugs to cross cell barriers more easily and enter hepatocytes (high Vd, good penetration into CNS) are preferentially processed by liver into more polar cmpds for easier elimination into bile and urine

24
Q

shistocytes

A

dx of a traumatic mechanism and indicate microangiopathic hemolytic anemia (TTP, HUS, DIC) or mechanical damage

25
Q

rapidly progressive dementia
myoclonic jerks
vacuoles in gray matter of brain (spongiform encephalopathy)
prion

A

CFJ disease

26
Q

erythema nodosum
arthralgias
hilar lymphadenopathy
elevated serum ACE levels

A

sarcoidosis

*evidence of liver involvement in 75% of cases

27
Q

liver findings in sarcoidosis

A

scattered noncaseating granulomas

28
Q

symmetrical enlragement of ventriculi

A

comm hydrocephalus often occurs d/t dyxfxn of subarachnoid villi

*commonly seen w/ meningeal infection or hemorrhage

29
Q

AZT (Zidovudine)

A

Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor used to tx HIV

BINDS to RT and is incorporated into viral genome as thymidine analog

DOESNT ahve a 3’OH group making 3-5’ phosphodiester bond impossible

30
Q

wide PP

A

aortic regurge

31
Q

obliterative intimal thickening
tubular atrophay
interstitial fibrosis

A

chronic renal allograft rejection

mos to years after transplantation and presents w/ worsening HTN and a slow progressive rise in Cr

32
Q

minutes to hours

PREFORMED abs against graft in recipients circulation

A

Hyperacute

arterial fibrinoid necrosis and capillary thrombotic occlusion

33
Q
A

Acute

Humoral
Cellular: lymphocytic interestial infiltrate

34
Q

months to yrs

chronic, low grade IR refractory to IS

A

chronic

vascular wall thickening and luminal narrowing

interstitial fibrosisis and parenchyma atrophy

Step 1 (69 decks)

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