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Test 50 Flashcards

1
Q

forms from the dorsal pancreatic bud

A

body, tail and most of head

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2
Q

forms from the ventral pancreatic bud

A

precursor of uncinate process
inferior/posterior portion of head
MAJOR pancreatic duct (of wirsung)

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3
Q

failure of dorsal and ventral pancreatic buds to fuse

A

pancreas divisum> pancreatic ductal systems remain separate w/ acessory duct draining majority of pancreas

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4
Q

glutamate residues of some proteins newly synthesized in the infants liver fail to be carboxylated.

A

Vit K

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5
Q

causes majority of DS

A

nondisjunction during meiosis I

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6
Q

Septic arthritis tx

A

immediate Ab tx w/ ceftriaxone

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7
Q

site that binds to the Fc receptors on neutrophils/mphages

A

Fc portion of heavy chain Ig

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8
Q

site for attachment to Ag

A

FAB

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9
Q

Afferent limb of light reflex pathway

A

optic nerve

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10
Q

efferent limb of light reflex pathway

A

PNS fibers of CN3

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11
Q

Damage to optic nerve> rxn to light?

A

light in eye that has damaged nerve will cause NEITHER pupil to react, but light in contralateral eye will cause both pupils to conract

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12
Q

Damage to optic nerve> rxn to light?

A

light in eye that has damaged nerve will cause NEITHER pupil to react, but light in contralateral eye will cause both pupils to conract

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13
Q

Pneumonia that rapidly clumps in the cold and uncoagulates in warmth

A

Mycoplasma

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14
Q

cold agglutinins

A

Abs specific for RBCs that cause agglutination/clumping of RBC at low temps

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15
Q

cold agglutinins

A

Abs specific for RBCs that cause agglutination/clumping of RBC at low temps

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16
Q

what else can cause cold agglutinins

A

EBV

hematologic malignancy

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17
Q

Jaw pain that starts in the middle of a meal

A

temporal arteritis

lumen of arteries narrow and can’t responsd to increased blood requirement during meal

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18
Q

used to dx pts w/ temporal arteritis

confirm dx

A

ESR

temporal artery biopsy

*corticosteroid tx to prevent vision loss

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19
Q

after onset of severe ischemia leading to MI, how long does it take for signs of coagulative necrosis to become apparent?

A

4 hrs after ONSET of MI

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20
Q

0-4 hrs after MI

A

minimal change

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21
Q 
coagulation necrosis
edema
hemorrhage
wavy fibers
Neutrophils appear
A

4-12 hrs after MI

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22
Q

coagulation necrosis and marginal contraction band necrosis

A

12-24 hrs

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23
Q

coagulation necrosis and neutrophilic infiltrate

A

1-5 days

24
Q

mphage phagocytosis of dead cells

A

5-10

25
Q

graunulation tissue and neovascularization

A

10-14

26
Q

collagen deposition

scar formation

A

2wks to 2 mos

27
Q

delusional disorder

A

one or more delusions in abscence of other psychotic sxs lasts > 1 month

*function is not significantly impaired apart from direct impact of delusions

28
Q

prominent peristalsis in infant w/ olive sized mass in abdomen

A

congenital pyloric stenosis d/t hypertorphy of pyloric muscularis

29
Q

Volin=Volout

A

A1V1=A2V2

30
Q

test to detect hyperreactivity in pts suspected of having asthma

A

methacholine airway challenge test

*FEV1/FVC is often reduced d/t increased expiratory flow resistance

31
Q

superior mesenteric artery syndrome

A

transverse portion of hte duodenum is entrapped between the SMA and aorta> partial intestinal obstruction

32
Q

cause of superior mesenteric artery syndrome

A

aortomesenteric angle critically decreases secondary to diminished fat, pronounced lordosis, surgical correction of scoliosis

33
Q

cause of superior mesenteric artery syndrome

A

aortomesenteric angle critically decreases secondary to diminished fat, pronounced lordosis, surgical correction of scoliosis

34
Q

positive skew

A

mean > median

35
Q

negative skey

A

mode greater than mean

36
Q 
abdominal colic
constipation
HA
lead line
peirpheral neuropathy
hypochromic anemia
basophillic stippling
A

adult lead toxicity

37
Q

batteries
alloys
ammmunition

mining, smelting
chemical processing
recycling
spray painting
radiator repair
A

Lead exposure

38
Q

only pathogenic fungus w/ a polysaccharide capsule that appears RED on mucicarmine stain and has a clear unstained szone w/ india ink

A

cryptococcus neoformas

39
Q

why does acyclovir not work for EBV/CMV

A

don’t produce the same thymidine kinase > decreased drug phosphorylation neccessary for activation

40
Q

first line management of status epilepticus

A

Benzos

41
Q

administered to prevent recurrence of seizures

A

phenytoin

42
Q

mechanism of phenytoin

A

inhibits neuronal high frequency firing by reducing abiliby of Na channels to recover from activation

43
Q

chelating agent used to tx arsenic poisoning

A

dimercaprol

44
Q

CaNaEDTA

A

lead and mercury poisoning

45
Q

Amyl nitrite

A

cyanide poisoning

46
Q

Deferoxamine

A

iron poisoning

47
Q

DMD mutation

A

X linked recessive myopathy d/t deletion of dytrophin gene

48
Q

weakness of foot dorsiflexion

mutation of genes responsible for myelin syntehsis

A

Charcot marie tooth

49
Q

ANP

A

secreted by atrial cardiomyocytes in response to atrial stretch induced by HTN/hypervolemia>
vasodilation adn increased urinary excretion of Na and Water

50
Q

ANP

A

secreted by atrial cardiomyocytes in response to atrial stretch induced by HTN/hypervolemia>
vasodilation adn increased urinary excretion of Na and Water

51
Q

which hepattis integrates into the host genome increasing hte risk for hepatocellular carcinoma

A

Hep B

*integrates DNA using RT

52
Q

common compliation of acute pancreatitis

A

Pancreatic pseudocyst

53
Q

what is a pancreatic pseudocyst

A

collection of fluid rich in enzymes/inflammatory depris w/ walls of granulation tissue and fibrosis

NOT lined by epithlieum

54
Q

major determinant of forward to regurgitant flow ratio in pts w/ mitral regurgitation

A

LV afterload

55
Q

how does decreasing afterload help w/ mitral regurgitation

A

increase forward flow while reducing regurgitatnt flow

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