Respiratory 4 Flashcards
What do all the steps in respiration result in?
The movement of gasses due to pressure changes and differences in concentration through the environment
What is the first step in Respiration?
Ventilation
What is Ventilation?
The exchange of air between the atmosphere and the alveoli by bulk flow
What is Bulk flow?
Changes in volume and pressure
What is the second step in Respiration?
The exchange of O2 and CO2 between alveolar air and blood in lung capillaries by diffusion
What is the third step in third step in respiration?
Transport of CO2 and O2 through the pulmonary and systemic circulation by bulk flow
What drives oxygen from the blood into peripheral tissue?
The differential pressure between the blood and the peripheral tissue
What is the fourth step in respiration?
The exchange of O2 and CO2 between blood in tissue capillaries and cells in tissues by diffusion
What is the last step of respiration?
Cellular utilization of O2 and production of CO2
What steps are required for Respiratory Airflow to be produced?
- CNS sends rhythmic excitatory (respiratory) drive to respiratory muscles
- Respiratory muscle contract rhythmically and in a very organized pattern
- Changes in volume and pressures at the level of the chest and lung occur
- Air flows in and out
What does the contraction of Respiratory muscles change?
- Thoracic volumes
- Thoracic pressure
- Intrapulmonary pressures
What are the three categories of muscles involved in respiration?
- Pump muscles
- Airway muscles
- Accessory muscles
Where do the pump muscles make changes in pressure and volume?
At the level of the lungs
What is the important role of the Airway muscles?
They keep the upper airways open
What do the airways muscles do in terms of inspiration and expiration?
They are mostly inspiratory but some are active in expiration
