GI 13a Flashcards

1
Q

What are the four components of gastric secretions?

A
  • Mucus
  • HCl
  • Enzymes
  • Hormones
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2
Q

What does the Mucus gastric secretion do?

A

Lubricates and protects stomach lining

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3
Q

What does the HCl stomach secretion do?

A
  • Solubilizes some food
  • Kills ingested microbes
  • Cleaves pepsinogen
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4
Q

What does the pepsinogen stomach secretion do?

A

Gets converted to Pepsin and cleaves proteins

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5
Q

Where do the hormones secreted by the stomach go?

A

Into the blood stream

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6
Q

What cleaves Pepsinogen?

A

HCl

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7
Q

What cells produce mucus in the stomach?

A

Surface mucous cells

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8
Q

Which cells in the stomach secrete HCl?

A

Parietal cells

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9
Q

What do ECL cells in the stomach secrete?

A

Histamines

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10
Q

What do chief cells in the stomach secrete?

A

Pepsinogen

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11
Q

What is HCl production mediated by?

A

Cephalic and Gastric Phase responses

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12
Q

What stimulates HCl production?

A

Gastrin, Histamine and ACh

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13
Q

What is HCl production inhibited by?

A

Somatostatin

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14
Q

How do the regulators of HCl production work?

A

They will either stimulate or inhibit the docking of a hydrogen potassium ATPase pump to the cell wall increasing or decreasing proton pumps activity

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15
Q

What are G-cells?

A

Enteroendocrine cells on the gastric epithelium

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16
Q

What stimulates G cells to secrete gastin?

A

Protein rich meals and amino acids

17
Q

What does Gastrin released by G cells do?

A

Go into the circulation and influence ECL cells to increase histamine production and parietal cells to increase HCl

18
Q

What does increased histamine release by ECL do?

A

Signals the parietals cells to increase acid production

19
Q

What are the two main components of pancreatic secretions?

A
  • Bicarbonate

* Enzymes

20
Q

What is the function of the bicarbonate released by the pancreas?

A

To neutralize chyme

21
Q

What are the exocrine cells of the pancreas?

A

Acinar cells

22
Q

What are Acinar cells responsible for?

A

Production of pancreatic enzymes

23
Q

What are duct cells in the pancreas responsible for?

A

Bicarbonate secretion

24
Q

What does the pancreatic duct merge with?

A

The common bile duct

25
What does the Sphincter of Oddi control?
The release of bile and pancreatic juice into the SI
26
What increases secretin production from the SI?
High acidity
27
What does SEcretin do?
Causes the pancreas to increase bicarbonate secretion
28
What causes increased CKK secretion?
High protein meals
29
How does increased CCK affect the pancreas?
It causes the pancreas to produce more enzymes