Endocrinology 5

Question 1

What is the most abundant of all the anterior pituitary hormones?

Answer 1

Growth Hormone

Question 2

What hormone is in the same family as Growth Hormone?

Answer 2

Prolactin

Question 3

What does it mean by Growth Hormone shows species selectivity?

Answer 3

It cannot be used from one species to another

Question 4

When is growth hormone secreted?

Answer 4

Throughout life

Question 5

When is growth hormone not important for growth?

Answer 5

Before birth

Question 6

How is growth hormone secreted?

Answer 6

In pulses

Question 7

When is most growth hormone secreted?

Answer 7

During the nighttime

Question 8

What kind of receptors does Growth Hormone act on?

Answer 8

Cell-surface receptors

Question 9

What are the receptors associated with Growth Hormone associated with?

Answer 9

Protein Kinases (not G-proteins)

Question 10

How does Growth hormone affect bones?

Answer 10

It causes them to grow longer

Question 11

What is the shaft of a bone called?

Answer 11

The Diaphysis

Question 12

What is the rounded portion of the bone called?

Answer 12

The epiphysis

Question 13

What is between the Epiphysis and the Diaphysis?

Answer 13

The Epiphyseal plate (cartilage)

Question 14

Who is the cartilage in bones present in?

Answer 14

Children

Question 15

What does the presence of the epiphyseal plate allow?

Answer 15

The bone to grow longer

Question 16

What does the Epiphyseal plate contain?

Answer 16

Precursor Progenitor cells (fibroblasts)

Question 17

What do the Fibroblasts differentiate into?

Answer 17

Cartilage cells (chondrocytes)

Question 18

What happens to the Chondrocytes?

Answer 18

They undergo ossification and turn to bone

Question 19

Why is there no bone growth in vitro (outside the body) with Growth Hormone?

Answer 19

Because the body also requires insulin-like growth factor (IGF) required for bone growth as well as growth hormone

Question 20

What is the primary source of IGF?

Answer 20

The liver