GI 11 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the two Plexuses in the GI tract?

A
  • Submucosal Plexus

* Myenteric Plexus

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2
Q

What are the two types of Neural reflex loops in the GI?

A
  • Short reflexes

* Long reflexes

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3
Q

What is the Myenteric plexus more closely integrated with?

A

The smooth muscle layer of the intestinal wall

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4
Q

What are Short Reflexes in the GI tract?

A

Signals received by sensory neurons that innervate the sensory epithelium

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5
Q

Where are signals from received and integrated in the GI tract?

A

They are received and integrated by the neurons within the enteric nervous system

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6
Q

What do Sensory signals in the GI tract do after being integrated?

A

They signal to cells within the epithelium to generate responses or short reflexes

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7
Q

Where are Short reflexes integrated?

A

Within the wall of the intestine

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8
Q

Where are long reflexes sent out to be integrated?

A

The central nervous system

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9
Q

What response does a short stimulus elicit?

A

Either stimulates smooth muscle or exocrine glands

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10
Q

What can happen when a GI signal is sent to the CNS?

A

The signal can have a modulating role through smell and taste or the emotional response if you’re hungry and what not

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11
Q

What cell produces the hormones responsible for hormonal regulation in the GI tract?

A

Enteroendocrine cells

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12
Q

What does the Apical portion of the enteroendocrine cell do?

A

Faces the lumen and detects stimulus

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13
Q

What does the Basolateral domain of enteroendocrine cells do?

A

Hormone secretion

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14
Q

What do the hormones secreted by enteroendocrine cells do?

A

They go into the bloodstream to the rest of the body

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15
Q

Where is Gastrin produced?

A

In the stomach

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16
Q

What is the trigger for gastrin to be produced?

A

Amino acids/peptides

17
Q

What is the stomachs response to gastrin?

A

Stimulates acid secretion and motility

18
Q

Where is CKK produced?

A

The small intestine

19
Q

What is the trigger for CKK to be secreted?

A

Amino acids and fat

20
Q

What is the response to CKK in the stomach?

A

Inhibits acid secretion and motility

21
Q

What is the response to CKK in the pancreas?

A

Stimulates enzyme secretion

22
Q

What is the response to CKK in the gallbladder?

A

Stimulates gallbladder contraction

23
Q

Where is Secretin produced?

A

The small intestine

24
Q

What is the trigger for secretin to be produced?

25
What is the response of secretin in the stomach?
Inhibits acid secretion and motility
26
What is the response of secretin in the pancreas?
Stimulates HCO3- secretion
27
What is the response of secretin in the Liver?
Stimulates HCO3- secretion
27
What is the response of secretin in the Liver?
Stimulates HCO3- secretion
28
Where is GIP produced?
In the small intestine
29
What is the trigger for GIP?
Glucose and fat
30
What is the response of GIP in the pancreas?
Stimulates insulin secretion
31
What are the three phases of gastrointestinal regulation?
* Cephalic phase * Gastric phase * Intestinal phase
32
What is the Cephalic phase characterized by?
Sight, smell and taste
33
What is the Gastric phase stimulated by?
Distension, acidity, amino acids/peptides
34
What is the intestinal phase stimulated by?
Distension, acidity, osmolarity, and digestive products