Respiratory 1 Flashcards
What is Respiratory Physiology?
The study of how oxygen is brought into the lungs and delivered to the tissue and how carbon dioxide is removed
What are the functions of the Respiratory system?
- Provide oxygen and eliminates carbon dioxide
- Protects against microbial infection
- Regulates blood pH
- Contributes to phonation
- Contributes to olfaction
- Is a reservoir for blood
How does the Respiratory system protect against microbial infection?
Through filtering action
What does the Respiratory system work in coordination with to regulate blood pH?
The kidneys
What is the gateway to the environment?
The upper airways
Where does air go from the nasal and oral cavities?
To the pharynx and larynx
Where does air go from the pharynx and larynx?
To the trachea and lungs
What are the Alveoli embedded in?
A dense network and tissue characterized by the presence of smooth muscle tissue, smooth muscle cells and connective tissue
What are the three components to the network surrounding the Alveoli?
- Smooth muscle tissue
- Smooth muscle cells
- Connective tissue
What do the muscles of respiration allow for?
Continuous change in the pressure and volume in the lungs
What protects the lungs?
The ribcage and pleura
What regulates the activity of the respiratory system?
The CNS in the brainstem
What happens to air in the nasal and oral cavity?
It is warmed and humidified
What are the three components of the pharynx?
- Nasopharynx
- Oropharynx
- Laryngopharynx
Where does air go from the pharynx?
To the larynx
What allows for the formation and production of speech sounds?
The movement of air their the pharynx
Where does air go from the larynx?
To the trachea
Where does air go from the trachea?
It enters the two primary bronchi
What is the trachea and primary bronchi characterized by?
Their semi-cartilaginous structure
What is the structure of the trachea and the primary bronchi?
- C-shaped cartilage anteriorly
* Smooth muscle posteriorly
What does the arrangement of cartilage and smooth muscle around the trachea and primary bronchi allow for?
Protection and elasticity
What happens once the primary bronchi enter the lung?
They branch out into bronchi
What surrounds the Bronchi?
Plates of cartilage and smooth muscle
What surrounds the bronchioles?
Smooth muscle only
