Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Physl Part 2 > Renal Physl 5 > Flashcards

Renal Physl 5 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the initial step in the formation of urine?

A

Filtration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What percent of plasma is filtered out of glomerular capillaries at anytime?

A

20%. The rest returns into systemic circulation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the Filtration Fraction?

A

The proportion of plasma volume that filters into the tubule

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are the three filtration barriers in the renal corpuscle?

A
  • Glomerular capillary endothelium
  • Basal Lamina (basement membrane)
  • Epithelium of bowman’s capsule
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What does it mean that Glomerular capillaries are fenestrated?

A

They have large gaps between endothelial cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What do the large gaps between the glomerular capillary endothelial cells do?

A

They help to facilitate filtration by allowing solutes to pass through but not plasma proteins or blood cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What helps to repel plasma proteins in the glomerular endothelium?

A

The surface being comprised of negatively charged proteins that repel plasma proteins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the Glomerular Basement Membrane (basal lamina)?

A

A layer of extracellular matrix that is acellular

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What does the GBM (basal lamina) separate?

A

It layer separates the glomerular capillary endothelium from the epithelium of the bowman’s capsule

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the GBM (basal lamina) composed of?

A

Negatively charged glycoproteins and collagen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What epithelium is closest to the glomerular capillaries?

A

The bowman’s capsule epithelium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the Bowman’s capsule epithelium composed of?

A

Podocytes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Why are they called Podocytes?

A

Because they feature long foot like processes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What can pass through the slits of podocytes?

A

Filtrate can pass through

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What cells are in between and around glomerular capillaries?

A

Mesangial cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What can Mesangial cells do and why?

A

They are capable of contracting which can alter capillary blood flow and the amount of filtrate entering the tubule

17
Q

What forces are found in the glomerular capillaries?

A
  • Capillary hydrostatic pressure
  • Capillary colloid osmotic pressure
  • Bowman’s capsule hydrostatic pressure
18
Q

What kind of pressure does blood in glomerular capillaries exert?

A

Glomerular capillary hydrostatic pressure

19
Q

What is Glomerular capillary hydrostatic pressure?

A

The pressure the blood in the glomerular capillaries exerts on the capillary wall

20
Q

What does Glomerular Capillary Hydrostatic Pressure Favor?

A

Fluid filtration out of the capillary and into bowman’s capsule

21
Q

Why does Glomerular capillary hydrostatic pressure favor filtration?

A

Because Bowman’s capsule hydrostatic pressure is normally lower

22
Q

What opposes filtration?

A

Protein remaining the capillaries

23
Q

What pressures oppose filtration?

A
  • Bowman’s capsule hydrostatic pressure

* Capillary colloid osmotic pressure

24
Q

What is the Glomerular filtration rate?

A

The volume of fluid entering Bowman’s capsule/unit time

25
Q

What two things is GFR influenced by?

A
  • Net filtration pressure

* Filtration Coefficient (Kf)

26
Q

What is net filtration pressure based on the balance of?

A

The three forces

27
Q

What can net filtration pressure be altered by?

A

Renal blood flow and blood pressure

28
Q

What can raise glomerular hydrostatic pressure and drive further filtration and increasing GFR?

A

Increasing renal blood flow and blood pressure

29
Q

What are the two main components of the filtration coefficient?

A
  • Total surface area for filtration

* Permeability of barrier between capillaries & Bowman’s capsule

30
Q

What happens if functional nephrons and glomerular capillaries are lost?

A

The filtration coefficient and GFR are reduced

Physl Part 2 (96 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions