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Physl Part 2 > Endocrinology 10 > Flashcards

Endocrinology 10 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the effects of Cortisol on Metbolism?

A
  • Increased protein breakdown
  • Increased fat breakdown
  • Glucose formation in liver
  • Glycogen formation in the liver
  • Increased Blood glucose
  • Decrease glucose utilization by peripheral tissues
  • Increase glucose available for the CNS
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2
Q

How does Cortisol affect Protein and Fat?

A

It increases protein and fat breakdown

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3
Q

How does Cortisol affect glucose and glycogen in the liver?

A

It increases both glucose and glycogen formation in the liver

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4
Q

How does cortisol affect blood glucose?

A

It increases blood glucose (hyperglycemia)

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5
Q

How does cortisol affect glucose utilization by peripheral tissues?

A

It increases utilization by peripheral tissue

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6
Q

How does cortisol affect glucose in the CNS?

A

It increases glucose available for the CNS

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7
Q

How does Cortisol affect the immune system?

A
  • Decrease lymph node side
  • Decrease lymphocyte number
  • Decrease humoral/cellular immunity
  • Decrease production of inflammatory mediators
  • Increases infections
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8
Q

Why might someone be given a cortisol like drug?

A

If they have long term inflammatory responses

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9
Q

How does Cortisol affect the GI tract?

A

It can increase the secretion of acids in the stomach and interfere with the absorption of calcium

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10
Q

How does cortisol affect the cardiac output?

A

It can increase cardiac output

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11
Q

How does cortisol affect the bones?

A

They tend to inhibit the formation of bones

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12
Q

How does cortisol affect the kidneys?

A

It can increase the GFR

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13
Q

How can cortisol affect a fetus?

A

It can affect the maturation of the lungs

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14
Q

How is the uptake of glucose into adipose tissue affected by cortisol?

A

The uptake of cortisol into adipose tissue is decrease

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15
Q

Where does Cortisol preferentially supply glucose?

A

The CNS (at the cost of less glucose be available to other tissues)

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16
Q

What happens as a result of more protein being broken down by cortisol?

A

It increases the amino acids

17
Q

What is the consequence of triglycerides being broke down due to cortisol?

A

There is increase Glycerol and free fatty acids in the system

18
Q

What happens to the free fatty acids that occur as a result of Triglyceride breakdown due to cortisol?

A

They can be used as energy by most tissues except the CNS

19
Q

What happens to the glycerol produced from the breakdown of fat and the amino acids from the breakdown of protein due to cortisol?

A

The can be taken to the liver and used as a source for making more glucose (gluconeogenesis)

20
Q

What is gluconeogenesis stimulated by?

A

Cortisol

21
Q

Why is there increase glucose and glycogen in the liver due to cortisol?

A

Because cortisol through less glucose being available to tissues causes the breakdown of proteins and triglycerides which can then go the liver and be converted to glucose and then glycogen

22
Q

Why is there increased glucose in the blood due to cortisol?

A

Because the breakdown of proteins into amino acids and the breakdown of triglycerides into glycerol can go to the liver and produce more glucose which goes into the blood

23
Q

How does cortisol affect the storage of glucose in the liver?

A

It increases the storage of glucose into glycogen in the liver

24
Q

Where is cortisol released?

A

The adrenal cortex

25
Q

What stimulated cortisol to be released?

A

ACTH released from the anterior pituitary

26
Q

What stimulates ACTH to be released from the anterior pituitary?

A

CRH released from the hypothalamus

27
Q

What does CRH release from the hypothalamus do?

A

Stimulates ACTH to be released by the anterior pituitary

28
Q

What does ACTH released do?

A

It is released from the anterior pituitary and stimulates ACTH to be released from the adrenal cotex

29
Q

How is Cortisol regulated?

A

Increased cortisol exerts negative feedback on the anterior pituitary and the hypothalamus to stop releasing CRH and ACTH

Physl Part 2 (96 decks)

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