Endocrinology 10 Flashcards
What are the effects of Cortisol on Metbolism?
- Increased protein breakdown
- Increased fat breakdown
- Glucose formation in liver
- Glycogen formation in the liver
- Increased Blood glucose
- Decrease glucose utilization by peripheral tissues
- Increase glucose available for the CNS
How does Cortisol affect Protein and Fat?
It increases protein and fat breakdown
How does Cortisol affect glucose and glycogen in the liver?
It increases both glucose and glycogen formation in the liver
How does cortisol affect blood glucose?
It increases blood glucose (hyperglycemia)
How does cortisol affect glucose utilization by peripheral tissues?
It increases utilization by peripheral tissue
How does cortisol affect glucose in the CNS?
It increases glucose available for the CNS
How does Cortisol affect the immune system?
- Decrease lymph node side
- Decrease lymphocyte number
- Decrease humoral/cellular immunity
- Decrease production of inflammatory mediators
- Increases infections
Why might someone be given a cortisol like drug?
If they have long term inflammatory responses
How does Cortisol affect the GI tract?
It can increase the secretion of acids in the stomach and interfere with the absorption of calcium
How does cortisol affect the cardiac output?
It can increase cardiac output
How does cortisol affect the bones?
They tend to inhibit the formation of bones
How does cortisol affect the kidneys?
It can increase the GFR
How can cortisol affect a fetus?
It can affect the maturation of the lungs
How is the uptake of glucose into adipose tissue affected by cortisol?
The uptake of cortisol into adipose tissue is decrease
Where does Cortisol preferentially supply glucose?
The CNS (at the cost of less glucose be available to other tissues)
What happens as a result of more protein being broken down by cortisol?
It increases the amino acids
What is the consequence of triglycerides being broke down due to cortisol?
There is increase Glycerol and free fatty acids in the system
What happens to the free fatty acids that occur as a result of Triglyceride breakdown due to cortisol?
They can be used as energy by most tissues except the CNS
What happens to the glycerol produced from the breakdown of fat and the amino acids from the breakdown of protein due to cortisol?
The can be taken to the liver and used as a source for making more glucose (gluconeogenesis)
What is gluconeogenesis stimulated by?
Cortisol
Why is there increase glucose and glycogen in the liver due to cortisol?
Because cortisol through less glucose being available to tissues causes the breakdown of proteins and triglycerides which can then go the liver and be converted to glucose and then glycogen
Why is there increased glucose in the blood due to cortisol?
Because the breakdown of proteins into amino acids and the breakdown of triglycerides into glycerol can go to the liver and produce more glucose which goes into the blood
How does cortisol affect the storage of glucose in the liver?
It increases the storage of glucose into glycogen in the liver
Where is cortisol released?
The adrenal cortex
