GI 1 & 2 and some 3 Flashcards
What does the term Gastro relate to?
The stomach
What are the accessory organs of the GI tract?
- Salivary Glands
- Liver
- Pancreas
What does the GI tract include?
The gastrointestinal tract and accessory organs
What are the four functions of the GI system?
- Motility
- Digestion
- Absorption
- Secretion
What does Motility refer to?
The movements of the GI tract
What are the two purposes does motility have?
- Moves contents from mouth to anus
2. Mixes contents to facilitate digestion and absorption
What is Digestion?
The process of breaking down large particles of food and high-molecular weight substances into small molecules
What is Absorption?
The movement of the products of digestion across the intestinal epithelium into the body
Where does Most absorption occur?
In the proximal part of the small intestine
What is Secretion in the GI system?
The release of substances into the lumen of the GI tract which facilitate digestion, absorption and motility
What do the secretions into the GI tract do?
Facilitate digestion, absorption, and motility
Where do Secretions primarily occur in the GI tract?
The proximal small intestine
What is the meaning of functional segmentation of the GI tube?
It is separated into unique segments that have different functions
What is the stomach?
The large pouch where digestion occurs
What is the Small Intestine?
The longest section of the GI tract optimized for digestion and absorption
What are the accessory organs of the GI tract?
- Salivary glands
- Liver
- Pancreas
- Gallbladder
What are the characteristics of the Accessory Organs of the GI tract?
They are anatomically distinct from the tract itself but connect to it via ducts and secrete things into the tract to facilitate digestion and absorption
What is the most superficial layer of the Intestinal wall?
The epithelium
What is the epithelium of the GI tract?
It is the barrier of cells that nutrients must transverse to be absorbed into the body
What do Capillaries and Lymphatics do in the intestinal wall?
Aid transport to and from the the intestine
What do the Circular and Longitudinal muscles allow for in the GI tract?
They allow for motile contractions of the small intestine
What is the Myenteric Plexus?
The rich nerve supply that controls multiple aspects of motility and secretion
