Pneumonie Flashcards

1
Q

Shunt

A

perfusie zonder ventilatie

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2
Q

Dode ruimte

A

ventilatie zonder perfusie

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3
Q

Definitie pneumonie:

A

Acute abnormal inflammatory condition of the lungs characterized by inflammation of the parenchym (alveoli) and abnormal alveolar filling with fluid(exudate= pus)

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4
Q

Wanneer CAP?

A

CAP if:
1. Acute abnormal inflammatory condition of the lungs
•2. Associated with symptoms of acute infection
•3. Radiological or auscultatory abnormalities(or ultrasound)
•4. Not hospitalized in previous 3 months

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5
Q

Risico’s pneumonie:

A

Comorbiditeiten: COPD, astma, bronchiectasis, DM, CF
Lifestyle: alcohol, roken, homeless, overcrowded living
Patient: extreme leeftijden, immuungecomprimenteerd,

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6
Q

Waarop duidt een Oreo en bat sign>

A

Oreosign duidt op pericardinfusie

Bat sign past bij pneumoncysten of acuut hartfalen met longoedeem

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7
Q

Typische of atypische cap?

A

‘Typical is usually caused by common bacterial pathogens’
•‘Typical is associated with sudden onset symptoms: incl fever, pleuritic chestpain, or productive cough’
•‘Typical laboratory results shows raised inflammatory parameters’
•‘Typical has a lobar infiltrate on chestX-ray’
Summarizing: -With all 4 present, one is certain of a typical CAP
-With each criterium less present, atypical CAP becomes more likely

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8
Q

Legionella

  • soort bacterie
  • waar vandaan?
  • presentatie pneumonie
  • Diagnose
A
  • aerobe gram neg intracellulair
  • waterleidingen
  • pontiac fever, vaak extrapulmonaire symptomen
  • urine antigeen, PCR, lastig te culture
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9
Q

Chlamydia

  • soort bacterie
  • presentatie
  • seroprevalentie volwassenen
  • Beeldvorming
  • Diagnostiek
A
  • intracellulair
  • milde presentatie
  • seroprevalentie > 50%
  • minder lobulair dan typisch
  • PCR, lastig te kweken
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10
Q

Coxiella Burnetti

  • soort bacterie
  • seroprevalentie in volwassenen
  • presentatie
  • diagnostiek
A
  • intracellulair
  • seroprevalentie > 50%
  • wijde range van presentatie, kan chronische endocarditis geven
  • serologie, pcr, lastig te kweken
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11
Q

CURB-65

A

Confusion, Ureum > 7 mol/L, RR 30 of hoger, Bloodpressure SBP 90 of lager OF DBP 60 of lager. 65 jaar of ouder

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12
Q

Guidelines obv CURB-65

A

0-1: mild. Thuis behandelen met amoxicilline of doxycycline
2: opname afdeling, amoxicilline IV. Test op legionella als risicofactoren aanwezig
3-5: ernstig. cefalosporine (+ fluoroquinolon als op ICU) en test op legionella

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13
Q

Wat verwacht je bij humorale immuundeficientie?

A

Gekapselde organismen ( s. pneumonie, h. influenzae, n. meningitidis) en vaccineerbre virussen ( influenza, HBV)

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14
Q

Wat verwacht je bij T-cel deficiëntie?

A

Virale infecties (vooral herpessen), intracellulaire micro-organismen (TB), yeast (PCP, cryotpococci)

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15
Q

Wat verwacht je bij neutropenie en SCT patiënten?

A

gram negatieve bacteriën (nosocomial of translocatie) en invasieve fungale infecties (Aspergillus, mucomycosis)

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