Acute leukemie Flashcards

1
Q

DD abnormale cellen in bloed

A

infectieus, maligne, auto-immuun, toxisch medicamenteus, vasculair, metabool

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

AML

A

heterogene ziekte

  • clonale evolute (somatische mutaties: RUNX1, DNMT3A)
  • cleonale heterogeniteit (meerdere mutaties resulterend in divers fenotype)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

AML diagnostiek

A

cytomorfologie: perifeer bloed en beenmerg: hoeksteen van diagnose
immunofenotypering: diagnosestelling, leukemia-associated phenotype (aberrant expressie van markers)
Cytogenetica: gebalanceerde translocaties / inversies, karyotypering, fluorescentie in site hybridisatie (FISH)
Moleculaire diagnostiek: comoexe interactie van mutaties, meest voorkomend FLT3, NPM1, DNMT3A. Toenemend aantal mutaties met verschillend prognostische beteknies

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Gunstige AML mutaties

A

t(8;21)(q22;q22.1);RUNX1-RUNX1T1inv(16)(p13.1q22) or t(16;16)(p13.1;q22);CBFB-MYH11MutatedNPM1withoutFLT3-ITD or withFLT3-ITDlowBiallelicmutatedCEBPA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Intermediate gunstig AML mutatie

A

MutatedNPM1andFLT3-ITDhighWild-typeNPM1withoutFLT3-ITD or withFLT3-ITDlow(without adverse-risk genetic lesions)t(9;11)(p21.3;q23.3);MLLT3-KMT2ACytogenetic abnormalities not classified as favorable or adverse

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

ongunstig AML mutati

A

t(6;9)(p23;q34.1);DEK-NUP214t(v;11q23.3);KMT2Arearrangedt(9;22)(q34.1;q11.2);BCR-ABL1inv(3)(q21.3q26.2) or t(3;3)(q21.3;q26.2);GATA2,MECOM(EVI1)−5 or del(5q); −7; −17/abn(17p)Complex karyotype,monosomal karyotypeWild-typeNPM1andFLT3-ITDhighMutatedRUNX1MutatedASXL1MutatedTP53

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Gemiddelde overleving gunstig, midden ongunstig

A

75%, 50, 25

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Intensieve behandeling AML

A

2 cycli met cytarabine en anthracycline bevattende chemotherapie (7+3)
post remissie 3e kuur chemo of intensief met autologe SCT
of een allogene SCT

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

niet intensieve behandeling aml

A

hypomethylerende chemo (azacytidine, decicabine)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Groepen nieuwe middelen AML

A

inhibitors van FLT3, IDH1/2 en BCL2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

FLT3 functie

A
  • overleving en proliferatie van stamcellen
  • anti-apoptose
  • proliferatie
  • verminderde differentiatie
  • slechte prognose
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Medicatie FLT3 inhibitor

  • naam
  • toxiciteit
  • overleving
  • effect
A
  • midostaurin
  • rash, misselijk
  • verbetering oveleving
  • effect in alle groepen
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Medicatie IDH2 inhibitor

  • naam
  • toxiciteit
  • uitkomst
A
  • enasidenib
  • levertoxiciteit, IDH differentiatie syndroom
  • totale respons 40%, mediane overleving 9.3 mdn
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Medicatie IDH1 inhibitor

  • naam
  • toxiciteit
  • uitkomst
A
  • ivosidenib
  • XTC verlenging, IDH differentiatie sydnroom
  • totale respons 42%, mediane overleving 8.8 mnd
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Werking BCL2 inhibtor

A

bindt op bindingsplaats van pro-apoptotisch proteïne, waardoor deze vrij komt en leidt tot activatie van caspases

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Medicatie anti bcl2

  • naam
  • toxiciteit
  • uitkomst
A
  • venetoclax
  • hematologisch, neutronen koorts, gastro-intestinaal
  • complete respons 67%, mediane overleving 17.5 mnd
17
Q

Behandeling acute promyelocyten leukemie

A

all-trans Retinoic Acid (ATRA) en of arsenic trioxide. -(= chemovrije behandeling) Cytokine productie causes APL differenatiatie syndroom

18
Q

Diagnostiek APL

A

gericht op vroeg herkennen van complicaties (DIC (fibrogeenm Ddimeer, PT, APTT)