METFORMIN Flashcards

1
Q

Drug class

A

biguanides

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2
Q

How does it work? (3)

A
  1. increases the response to insulin
  2. by suppressing hepatic glucose production, increasing glucose reuptake and use as an energy source
  3. this is all by a complex intracellular mechanism
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3
Q

Indications

A
  1. type 2 diabetes
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4
Q

Contra-indications (3)

A
  1. kidneys
  • severe renal impairment
  • moderate renal impairment –> dose reduction
  • AKI
  1. liver
    - acute alcohol intoxication
    - chronic alcohol overuse
    - hepatic impairment
  2. tissues
    - hypoxia
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5
Q

Side effects (2)

A
  1. GI upset
  2. lactic acidosis

DON’T CAUSE HYPOGLYCAEMIA

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6
Q

Interactions (3)

A
  1. IV contrasted CT
  2. Nephrotoxic drugs
  • ACEIs
  • Furosemide
  • NSAIDs
  1. drugs that elevate glucose
    e. g. prednisolone
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7
Q

Elimination

A

urine

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