FUROSEMIDE Flashcards
1
Q
Drug class
A
loop diuretic
2
Q
How does it work? (2)
A
- they act on the ascending loop of Henle
2. here they inhibit the Na/K/Cl co-transporter
3
Q
What is Na/K/Cl co-transporter responsible for? (2)
A
- responsible for transporting sodium, potassium and chloride ions from the tubular lumen into epithelial cell
- water then follows by osmosis
4
Q
What does inhibiting the Na/K/Cl co-transporter? (2)
A
- prevents water going into the epithelial cells
- therefore water leaves the body
5
Q
In addition, what other effects does loop diuretics have on blood vessels?
A
- blood vessels
- dilatation of veins
6
Q
How does furosemide work in acute heart failure? (2)
A
- reduces preload
- improves contractile function of the overstretched heart
7
Q
Indications (4)
A
- lungs
- acute pulmonary oedema
- breathlessness - Heart
- chronic heart failure
- fluid overload - kidneys
- renal disease - liver
- liver failure
8
Q
Contra-indications (4)
A
- hypovolemia or dehydration
- hepatic encephalopathy
- use with caution - severe hypokaelemia/ hyponaetremia
- gout
- may inhibit the excretion of uric acid
9
Q
Side effects (5)
A
- dehydration
- hypotension
- increases urinary losses of sodium, potassium and chloride ions
- increased excretion of magnesium, calcium, and hydrogen ions
- ears
- tinnitus
- hearing loss
ASSOCIATE WITH ANY LOW ELECTROLYTE STATE
10
Q
Why does furosemide cause tinnitus and hearing loss?
A
as a similar Na/K/Cl co transporter regulates endolymph in the inner ear
11
Q
Interactions (3)
A
- drugs that are excreted by the kidneys
- lithium levels increase due to reduced excretion - digoxin
- toxicity increased
- due to diuretic related hypokaelemia
- aminoglycosides
- ototoxicity
- nephrotoxicity
12
Q
Elimination (2)
A
- 88% kidneys
- 10-15% bilary
