Maurer 27 Flashcards
अच्युत
acyuta [proper noun] [m]
Acyuta, an epithet of Kṛṣṇa that may mean “not fallen, firm, steadfast,” or “imperishable, immortal.”
See Maurer, where it’s listed as an adjective.
Comes from the negative of of the ppp of √cyu (cyavati/te) class 1, fall, waver, perish.
अधर्म
adharma [noun] [m]
unrighteousness; (non-dharma, lack of dharma; lawlessness)
अनु-√पश् (अनुपश्यति)
anu-√paś (anupaśyati) [verb, class 1 P]
discern, see
अनु-√श्रु (अनुशृनोति)
anu-√śru (anuśṛnoti) [verb, class 5 P]
hear repeatedly;
perfect: anuśuśṛāva, anuśuśruvuḥ
अन्यथा
anyathā [adverb]
otherwise, in a different manner;
with √bhū: “become otherwise,” “become altered”
अप्रतिकार
apratikāra [adjective]
not having any counteraction or retaliation; defenseless
अभिभव
abhibhava [noun] [m]
an overpowering
अभि-√भू (अभिभवति)
abhi-√bhū (abhibhavati) [verb, class 1 P]
overcome (G); “be against,” overpower, control (M)
अर्ह्
arh [adjective]
deserving, worthy; fit (+ infinive); fit to; should
अव-√ईक्ष् (अवेक्षते)
ava-√īkṣ (avekṣate) [verb, class 1 Ā]
look upon, see
अव-√स्था (अवतिष्ठति)
ava-√sthā (avatiṣṭhati) [verb, class 1 P]
stand off (ava), stand, stand up,
ppp: avasthita; infinitive: avasthātum
अवस्थित
avasthita [ppp]
arrayed;
ppp of ava-√sthā
अशस्त्र
aśastra [adjective]
without a sword, unarmed
√अह्
√ah [verb, class ?]
said, told
- only in perfect tense (in G & M glossaries; M says perfect 2nd singular = attha, 2nd dual = āhthuḥ, 3rd s = āha, 3rd d = āhtuḥ, 3rd pl = āhuḥ)
अहो
aho [interjection]
ah! oh! how (+adj); what a!
अहो बत
aho bata [interjection]
alas!
आचार्य
ācārya [noun] [m]
a teacher, preceptor
आततायिन्
ātatāyin [adjective]
a warrior;“having or holding a drawn bow”
आविष्ट
āviṣṭa [ppp]
entered by, filled with (+instrumental);
past passive participle of ā-√viś (āviśati)
आ-√विश् (आविशति)
ā-√viś (āviśati) [verb, class 6 P]
enter, enter into or upon;
ppp: āviṣṭa; gerund: āviśya; perfect: āviveśa
आ-√श्रि (आश्रयति)
ā-√śri (āśrayati) [verb, class 1 P]
have recourse to, be subect to (G);
lean or rest on; happen to, befall, come to, accrue to (M)
आहव
āhava [noun] [m]
battle (G); a challenge; war, battle (M)
आह्वान
āhvāna [noun] [n]
invitation
उत
uta [particle]
and, also, even
उत्तम
uttama [adjective]
supreme, excellent (G);
highest, best; most excellent (at end of a compound) (M)
उत्सन्न
utsanna [ppp]
decayed, ruined;
ppp of ud-√sad (utsīdati)
उत्सृष्ट
utsṛṣṭa [ppp]
(having been) released, let go;
उदक
udaka [noun] [n]
water
उद्-√पत् (उद्पतति)
ud-√pat (udpatati) [verb, class 1 P]
fly up
उद्यत
udyata [ppp]
prepared, intent on (+ infinitive) (M27);
held up, raised (M31)
ppp of ud-√yam (udyacchati)
उद्-√यम् (उद्यच्छति)
ud-√yam (udyacchati) [verb, class 1 P]
hold up, raise
उद्-√सद् (उत्सीदति)
ud-√sad (utsīdati) [verb, class 1 P]
sink, settle down; decay, go to ruin;
causative: utsādayati, brings ruin, destroys
उप-√विश् (उपविशति)
upa-√viś (upaviśati) [verb, class 6 P]
sit, sit down, be seated;
ppp:upaviṣṭa
उपहत
upahata [ppp]
hit, hurt, afflicted, affected, distressed, pained; stricken; corrupted;
past passive participle of upa-√han (upahanti)
उभय
ubhaya [adjective]
both (used only in the dual)
कपि
kapi [noun] [m]
monkey
√काङ्क्ष् (काङ्क्षते)
√kāṅkṣ (kāṅkṣate) [verb, class 1 Ā]
desire
कारक
kāraka [adjective]
making or causing
किं / किम्
kiṃ / kim [interogative pronoun]
who, what, which?
If used with instrumental of a noun (as kim), “what is the use of, purpose of?
किं नु
kiṃ nu [phrase]
to say the least of
कुरु
kuru [proper noun]
Kuru, or the Kurus, descendants of King Kuru,
family in the Mahābhārata / Bhagavad Gītā
कुल
kula [noun] [n]
family; (also: birth, lineage)
कुलघ्न
kulaghna [adjective]
slaying or destroying a family
कृते
kṛte [indeclinable]
on account of, for the sake of
(used with the genitive or at the end of a compound)
कृत्स्न
kṛtsna [adjective]
whole, entire, all
कृपा
kṛpā [noun] [f]
pity, compassion
कृश्णसर्प
kṛśṇasarpa [noun] [m]
cobra
केशव
keśava [proper noun] [m]
Keśava, a name for Krṣṇa, meaning is “long-haired,”
(also in BG 1.17 Arjuna is called guḍākeśa, thick haired)
कोटर
koṭara [noun] [n]
hollow of a tree
कौन्तेय
kaunteya [proper noun]
Kaunteya, son of Kunti, which could refer to Yudhiṣṭhira, Bhīma or Arjuna from the Mahābhārata / Bhagavadgītā.
कौरव
kaurava [proper noun]
Kaurava, the Kauravas, descendants of King Kuru and specifically the sons of Dhṛtarāṣṭṛa, from the Mahābhārata / Bhagavad Gītā
क्रिया
kriyā [noun] [f]
action, doing, performance; rite, ceremony
क्षय
kṣaya [noun] [m]
destruction, ruin, decay, loss;
acc + √kṛ ‘make a destruction of,’ bring an end, exhaust
क्षेत्र
kṣetra [noun] [n]
a field
क्षेम
kṣema [noun] [n]
peace, tranquility; happiness; a state of comfort;
kṣematara, n, a greater peace, etc
गाण्डीव
gāṇḍīva [proper noun] [n]
Gāṇḍīva, the name of Arjuna’s bow
गात्र
gātra [noun] [n]
limb
गीत
gīta [adjective]
sung
गीता
gītā [noun] [f]
song
गुडाकेश
guḍākeśa [proper noun] [m]
Guḍākeśa, a name for Arjuna meaning thick-haired one
गोविन्द
govinda [proper noun] [m]
Govinda, a name for Kṛṣṇa,
meaning something like cow-finder or cow-protector, see M p 400
√ग्रह् (गृह्णाति)
√ग्रभ् (गृभ्णाति)
√grah (gṛhṇāti) √grabh (gṛbhṇāti) [verb, class 9 P]
take, grasp, seize;
gerund: gṛhitvā; future: grahiṣyati; perfect: jagrāhaḥ; infinitive: grahītum
चाप
cāpa [noun] [m]
bow
चिकीर्षु
cikīrṣu [adjective]
desirous of doing
चेतस्
cetas [noun] [n]
intellect (G); mind, heart (M) (also: thought)
चौर
caura [noun] [m]
thief
√च्यु (च्यवति/ते)
√cyu (cyavati/te) [verb, class 1 P / Ā]
fall, waver, perish; (also: move; move away from: lose, disappear)
जनार्दन
janārdana [proper noun] [m]
Janārdana, a name for Kṛṣṇa
जाति
jāti [noun] [f]
birth, caste
जीवित
jīvita [noun] [n]
life
ज्ञेय
jñeya [adjective (gerundive)]
having to be known, to be known;
gerundive of √jñā, know
तस्मात्
tasmāt [indeclinable]
on account of this, thus, therefore;
from the ablative pronoun; with a comparitive: than that
√त्यज् (त्यजति)
√tyaj (tyajati) [verb, class 1 P]
abandon, give up, leave aside; leave, leave off; risk;
ppp: tyakta; gerund tyaktvā
त्रैलोक्य
trailokya [noun] [n]
the “Three Worlds” - heaven, earth, hell; the entire world; the Universe
त्वच्
tvac [noun] [f]
the skin
√दंश् (दशति)
√daṃś (daśati) [verb, class 1 P]
bite
दुर्बुद्धि
durbuddhi [adjetive] [m]
ill-natured, malignant
√दुष् (दुष्यति)
√duṣ (duṣyati) [verb, class 9 P]
defile; spoil; (become bad, be corrupted; be wrong)
दुष्ट
duṣṭa [ppp]
defiled, spoiled (M);
G glossary has: vicious, uncontrolled
ppp of √duṣ (duṣyati);
दोष
doṣa [noun] [m]
fault, disadvantage, defect, sin; harm; evil
द्रोण
droṇa [proper noun]
Droṇa, the name of the guru of the Pāṇḍavas and the Kauravas
द्रोह
droha [noun] [m]
injury, treachery
धन
dhana [noun] [n]
wealth; possessions
धनिन्
dhanin [adjective]
possessing wealth, wealthy
धनुस्
dhanus [noun] [n]
bow (as in archer)
धर्म
dharma [noun] [m]
law, duty, right, virtue, “etc”; usage, custom, practice, observance;
Hareesh has advised using Dharma instead of trying to imperfectly translate
धार्तराष्ट
dhārtarāṣṭa [noun] [m]
a son of Dhṛtarāṣṭra
धृतराष्ट्र
dhṛtarāṣṭra [proper noun] [m]
Dhṛtarāṣṭra, the blind king in the Mahābhārata / Bhagavad Gītā
ध्यान
dhyāna [noun] [n]
meditation
ध्वज
dhvaja [noun] [m]
a banner or standard, flag
नरक
naraka [noun] [m, n]
hell
नष्ट
naṣṭa [ppp]
ruined, destroyed (G);
vanished, having perished or died away; without or devoid of (when in the prior member of a compound);
ppp of √naś (naśyati)
नागरिक
nāgarika [noun] [m]
an inhabitant of a city or town (nagara), a citizen; M30: a policeman
निमित्त
nimitta [noun] [n]
a sign, indication; omen; cause, reason
नियत
niyata [ppp]
held down, checked, controlled; fixed, certain, sure;
ppp of ni-√yam (niyacchati)
नि-√यम् (नियच्छति)
ni-√yam (niyacchati) [verb, class 1 P]
hold down, check, control, fix
नि-√विद् (निवेत्ति)
ni-√vid (nivetti) [verb, class 2 P]
know, be informed;
causative stem: nivedaya (nivedayati), inform;
ppp: nivedita, having been informed
निस्-√ईक्ष् (निरीक्षते)
nis-√īkṣ (nirīkṣate) [verb, class 1]
contemplate, look upon, survey
निस्-√वृत् (निर्वर्तते)
nis-√vṛt (nirvartate) [verb, class 1 P]
turn or roll out, evolve, develop; be effected or accomplished; turn away from or desist from + ablative;
causative: nirvartayati, causes to be accomplished, accomplishes, finishes;
infinitive: nivartitum;
infinitive of causative: nirvartayitum;
ppp: nirvartita
√पठ् (पठति)
√paṭh (paṭhati) [verb, class 1 P]
read (G); recite (M)
√पत् (पतति)
√pat (patati) [verb, class 1 P]
fall; go to ruin; also: fly (M30);
causative: pātayati, causes to fall, fells; aorist: apaptat
पर
para [adjective]
distant, next, highest, supreme, chief, extreme; at the end of a bahuvrīhi compound, “having … as the chief thing,” “wholly devoted to or absorbed in …“
[declined like the demonstrative pronouns, i.e., saḥ, tat, sā]
परि-√दुह् (परिदहति)
pari-√duh (paridahati) [verb, class 1 P]
burn thoroughly, scorch; in passive, be on fire
परि-√शुष् (परिशुष्यति)
pari-√śuṣ (pariśuṣyati) [verb, class 4 p]
become dry or parched
पाणि
pāṇi [noun] [m]
hand;
at end of compound: “having … in hand,”
for example khadgapāṇi, “with sword in hand”
पाण्डव
pāṇḍava [proper noun]
Pāṇḍava, son of King Paṇḍu, in this chapter Arjuna is meant; the other sons are Yudiṣṭhira, Bhīma, Nakula, and Sahadeva
पातक
pātaka [noun] [n]
a sin, crime
पाप
pāpa [adjective]
bad, evil
पार्थ
pārtha [proper noun]
Pārtha, a name for Arjuna, as a son of Pṛthā, another name for Kunti, his mother
पिण्ड
piṇḍa [noun] [m]
a ball; a ball of rice
पौत्र
pautra [noun] [m]
grandson
प्रत्युष
pratyuṣa [noun] [m]
the daybreak, dawn
प्र-√दुष् (प्रदुष्यति)
pra-√duṣ (praduṣyati) [verb, class d4 P]
decay or spoil completely, deteriorate, be defiled or corrupted
प्र-√नश् (प्रनश्यति)
pra-√naś (pranaśyati) [verb, class 4 P]
die away, perish
प्र-√पश् (प्रपश्यति)
pra-√paś (prapaśyati) [verb, class 4 P]
see or look ahead, discern, perceive; see before one’s eyes
प्रमुखतः
pramukhataḥ [adverb]
in front of, before (+ genitive)
प्र-√वृत् (प्रवर्तते)
pra-√vṛt (pravartate) [verb, class 1 Ā]
proceed, take place, continue; literally, turn or move forward
प्राण
prāṇa [noun] [m]
the breath; plural (breaths) means “life:”
(pranān+√tvaj = abandon life breath, i.e. die
प्रासाद
prāsāda [noun] [m]
a palace
प्रीति
prīti [noun] [f]
pleasure, joy; friendship; (can also be: kindness, favor, grace)
बन्धु
bandhu [noun] [m]
a relative, kinsman
बान्धव
bāndhava [noun] [m]
friend, relative
बुध
budha [noun] [m]
a sage
भारत
bhārata [proper noun] [m]
a descendant of Bhārata
भीष्म
bhīṣma [proper noun] [m]
Bhīṣma, the great warrior and grandfather figure to both the Pāṇḍavas and Kauravas in the Mahābhārata war; son of Śaṃtanu and Gaṅgā; on the Kaurava side in battle
भोग
bhoga [noun] [m]
sensual enjoyment (G); enjoyment, joy (M)
√भ्रम् (भ्रमति)
√bhram (bhramati) [verb, class 1 P]
wander, roam about aimlessly; be in a whirl; be agitated or confused;
gerund: bhrāntvā
भ्रातृ
bhrātṛ [noun] [m]
brother
मधुसूदन
madhusūdana [proper noun]
a name for Kṛṣṇa meaning “slayer of Madhu”
मध्य
madhya [noun] [m, n]
the middle, center, waist
मनुष्य
manuṣya [noun] [m]
man, mortal (can be used as adjective)
महीक्षित्
mahīkṣit [noun] [m]
“earth-ruler,” a king
महीपति
mahīpati [noun] [m]
“lord of the earth” a king
मातुल
mātula [noun] [m]
maternal uncle
माधव
mādhava [proper noun]
Mādhava, a name of Kṛṣṇa
मानस
mānasa [noun] [n]
the mind, heart (can be adjective - “belonging to the mind”)
मानुष/ई
mānuṣa/ī [noun] [m, f]
a man, human, with ī, a woman
मित्र
mitra [noun] [n]
a friend
मुक्ति
mukti [noun] [f]
release, salvation
√युध् (युध्यते)
√yudh (yudhyate) [verb, class 4 Ā]
fight
युयुत्सु
yuyutsu [adjective]
wishing to fight, about to fight;
desiderative adj from √yudh
योधकाम
yodhakāma [adjecive]
desirous to fight
रण
raṇa [noun] [n]
battle; (also: pleasure; battle lust)
रथोपस्थ
rathopastha [noun] [m]
the seat of a chariot
रात्री or रात्रि
rātrī or rātri [noun] [f]
the night
रोमहर्ष
romaharṣa [noun] [m]
the bristling of the hair of the body (called horripilation)
लङ्गल
laṅgala [noun] [n]
a plow;
with causative of √cal (calati) class 1, plow (a field)
√लुप् (लुम्पति/ते)
√lup (lumpati/te) [verb, class 6 P/Ā]
break, destroy
(causative form, ṇijanta, means - neglect, violate)
लुप्त
lupta [ppp]
broken, broken off; interrupted;
ppp of √lup
लोभ
lobha [noun] [m]
greed, strong desire
वर्ण
varṇa [noun] [m]
color, hue; cover, coat; class, caste
वार्ष्णेय
vārṣṇeya [proper noun] [m]
Vārṣṇeya, a name for Kṛṣṇa, as a descendant of Vṛśṇi in the fifth degree
वास / वसस्
vāsa / vasas [noun] [m]
garment, clothing; also dwelling;
Maurer has it in one spot, vāsas, neuter, in the other vāsa, masculine
वि-√चर् (वचरति)
vi-√car (vacarati) [verb, class 1 P]
wander, move hither and thither, move about
विजय
vijaya [noun] [m]
conquest, victory
विपरीत
viparīta [ppp]
perverse, contrary, false, contrary to rule, wrong; adverse, inauspicious, turned around, reversed;
ppp of vi-pari-√i
वि-√सद् (विषीदति)
vi-√sad (viṣīdati) [verb, class 4 P]
sink down, be depressed or dejected; despair, be sad
वि-√सृज् (विसृजति)
vi-√sṛj (visṛjati) [verb, class 6 P]
release, give up, let go;
perfect: visasarja; ppp: visṛṣṭa
वेपथु
vepathu [noun]
a quivering, trembling
व्यवसित
vyavasita [ppp]
determined, resolved,
ppp of vi-ava-√so (vyavasyati) class 4
व्यवस्थित
vyavasthita [ppp]
standing here and there, arranged, arrayed;
ppp of vi-ava-√sthā, class 1
शत्रु
śatru [noun] [m]
enemy
शर
śara [noun] [m]
an arrow
शरीर
śarīra [noun] [n]
body
शस्त्र
śastra [noun] [n]
weapon, cutting implement, a knife or sword
शाश्वत
śāśvata [adjective]
continual, eternal, everlasting
√शास् (शास्ते)
√śās (śāste) [verb, class 2 Ā]
rule (Goldmans), teach, instruct, direct, govern (Maurer),
also class 1 P
शोक
śoka [noun] [m]
grief, sorrow, pain
श्रेयस्
śreyas [noun] [n]
welfare, benefit
श्वः
śvaḥ [adverb]
tomorrow
श्वशुर
śvaśura [noun] [m]
a father in law
सखि / सखी
sakhi / sakhī [noun] [m]
friend, companion, comrade;
feminine with long ī
(Dr. Ruppel notes nominative singular masculine is sakhā);
√सद् (सीदति)
√sad (sīdati) [verb, class 1 irreg P]
sit (G); sink, sink down; give way, weaken, falter (M)
सनातन
sanātana [adjective]
everlasting, eternal
समवस्थित
samavasthita [ppp]
arrayed, in full array;
ppp of sam-ava-√sthā
समवेत
samaveta [ppp]
having come together, assembled;
समागत
samāgata [ppp]
come together; having assembled; (G);
having come together, gathered (M);
ppp of sam-ā-√gam (samāgacchati)
सम्-√ईक्ष् (समीक्षते)
sam-√īkṣ (samīkṣate) [verb, class 1 Ā]
look upon, behold
समुद्यम
samudyama [noun] [m]
a lifting or raising up, effort, exertion, enterprise
संकर
saṃkara [noun] [m]
a mixing together, intermixture
संख्य
saṃkhya [noun] [n]
battle (G); conflict, battle; field of battle (M)
संजय
saṃjaya [proper noun] [m]
Saṃjaya, name of the bard of the blind king Dhṛtaraṣṭṛa, the narrator of the Bhagavad Gītā
संपात
saṃpāta [noun] [m]
a falling together, collision, clash
संवन्दिन्
saṃvandin [noun] [m]
relative, kinsman, “having a connection”
संविग्न
saṃvigna [ppp]
agitated, disturbed;
ppp of saṃ-√vij (saṃvijate) class 6
सुखेन
sukhena [adverb]
pleasantly, in comfort (from the instrumental of sukha)
सुदुस्त्यज
sudustyaja [adjective]
very difficult to abandon or risk
सुहृद्
suhṛd [noun] [m]
a friend
सूक्त
sūkta [noun] [n]
a Vedic hymn
स्त्री
strī [noun] [f]
woman
√स्था (तिष्ठति)
√sthā (tiṣṭhati) [verb, class 1 P]
to stand, be situated, stay, remain, be; be in a place;
usually attenuated to ‘be;’
causative: sthāpayati, causes to stand, stops, bring to rest
स्याल
syāla [noun] [m]
a brother in law
√स्रंस् (स्रंसते)
√sraṃs (sraṃsate) [verb, class 1 Ā]
fall, fall down, slip
स्वजन
svajana [noun] [m]
kin, one’s own people
√हन् (हन्ति)
√han (hanti) [verb, class 2 P]
slay, kill, strike, strike down, destroy, smite, smite down, destroy;
ppp: hata; infinitive: hantum
हृषीकेश
hṛṣīkeśa [proper noun] [m]
Hṛṣīkeśa, a name for Kṛṣṇa which means “lord of the senses”
हेतु
hetu [noun] [m]
cause, reason, motive, impulse, motivate, motivation;“the impeller;”
genitive = hetoḥ; M says: as a quasi-postposed “for the sake of, for” + genitive
