Goldmans 21 Flashcards
1
Q
अत:
A
ataḥ [adverb]
“from this” (sing, dual or plur), spatially, from here, (i.e., from this place), hence; temporarily, then, from that time; causally, therefore.
2
Q
अनुरूपक
A
anurūpaka [adjective]
like, the same as
3
Q
अन्तर
A
antara [noun] [n]
interior, inside (G);
juncture; interim, juncture, the space between; occasion, interval, distance between two things; difference;
another (at the end of a compound) literally,
having such and such as a difference (M)
4
Q
अन्तरात्
A
antarāt [adverb]
from inside, from out of
5
Q
अपक्रान्त
A
apakrānta [adjective]
gone away, lured away
6
Q
अपर
A
apara [adjective]
other, another
(declined like para - see chapter 5 of Goldmans)
(can also be: higher, latter)
7
Q
अपहर्तव्य
A
apahartavya [adjective]
to be abducted
8
Q
अप-√हृ (अपहरति)
A
apa-√hṛ (apaharati) [verb, class 1 P]
take off or away, steal (M), abduct (G);
ppp: apahṛta
9
Q
अपहृत्य
A
apahṛtya [verb, gerund]
having taken off or away
10
Q
अमर
A
amara [adjective]
immortal;
or as masculine noun, a god
11
Q
अव-√धू (अवधुनोति)
A
ava-√dhū (avadhunoti) [verb, class 5 P]
shake off, disregard
12
Q
असंशयम्
A
asaṃśayam [indeclinable]
doubtlessly
13
Q
असुर
A
asura [noun] [m]
demon, titan;
originally meant god (M31 meaning)
14
Q
अह अहर् अहन्
A
aha ahar ahan [noun] [n]
day
15
Q
आकर्णय (आकर्णयति)
A
ākarṇaya (ākarṇayati) [verb, denominative]
hear, listen to, “lend an ear to,”
- M says this verb is taken from the bahuvrīhi compound ākarṇa, “listening” or “have the ear to” from ā + karṇa (ear);
ppp: ākarṇita, gerund: ākarṇya
16
Q
आ-√ज्ञा (आजानाति)
A
ā-√jñā (ājānāti) [verb, class 9 P]
know (G); notice (M);
causative: (ājñāpayati) means to order, command
17
Q
आज्ञापयति
A
ājñāpayati [verb, causative]
commands;
causative of आ-√ज्ञा (आजानाति) ā-√jñā (ājānāti) to understand, perceive, a class 9 verb
18
Q
आ-√दा (आददाति)
A
ā-√dā (ādadāti) [verb, class 3 P]
take, assume
19
Q
आ-√स्था (आतिष्ठति)
A
ā-√sthā (ātiṣṭhati) [verb, class 1 P]
assume, have recourse to, take (G);
stand on, mount, ascend, resort to (M);
gerund: asthāya; ppp: āsthita
20
Q
इतः
A
itaḥ [indeclinable]
here; (can also mean: hence)
21
Q
इतः … ततः
A
itaḥ … tataḥ [indeclinable]
here … there
22
Q
इतो व्याघ्रस्ततस्तटी
A
ito vyāghrastatastaṭī [idiom]
on one side a tiger, on the other a precipice;
a serious dilemma
23
Q
इन्द्र
A
indra [noun] [m]
lord of, best of (used at the end of compounds)
(can also be: leader, leading)
24
Q
उद्-आ-√हृ (उदाहरति)
A
ud-ā-√hṛ (udāharati) [verb, class 1 P]
announce, call out
25
उपाय
upāya [noun] [m]
## Footnote
**means, device, stratagem, approach**
26
उभ
ubha [adjective]
**both** (used only in the dual)
27
एकमन
ekamana [adjective]
## Footnote
**having an attentive mind**
28
एनम्
enam [pronoun]
equivalent meaning to tam (accusative, **him**)
sanskritdictionary.com says : not used to begin a sentence, or accompanying a noun, enclitic, so used in cases where the noun it represents has been referred to before
29
कम्पन
kampana [noun] [n]
## Footnote
**tremor, shaking**
30
कम्पित
kampita [adjective]
## Footnote
**trembling**
31
कल्यम्
kalyam [indeclinable]
## Footnote
**at daybreak**
32
काञ्चन
kāñcana [adjective]
**golden**, or neuter noun, **gold**
33
कामिन्
kāmin [noun] [m]
## Footnote
**lover**
34
काल
kāla [noun] [m]
## Footnote
**time, Death**
35
√क्रीड् (क्रीडति)
√krīḍ (krīḍati) [verb, class 1 P, 6 P]
**play, sport, amuse oneself**
(Maurer lists it as class 1, Goldmans as 1 and 6 in different chapters)
36
क्षम
kṣama [adjective]
## Footnote
**able, competent, favorable, suitable, fit for**
37
क्षिप्रम्
kṣipram [adverb]
## Footnote
**quickly, immediately**
38
खर
khara [noun] [m]
## Footnote
**ass, donkey**
39
गिरि
giri [noun] [m]
## Footnote
**mountain, hill**
40
गौ
gau [noun] [f]
**cow**
(see chapter G 21 for notes about declining)
41
चित्र
citra [adjective]
## Footnote
**bright, bright colored, variegated, spotted**
42
जीर्ण
jīrṇa [ppp]
**old, aged** (G); **grown old; worn out** (M):
ppp of √jṝ (jīryati/te)
43
जीवित
jīvita [noun] [n]
## Footnote
**life**
44
√ज्वल् (ज्वलते)
√jval (jvalate) [verb, class 1 Ā]
## Footnote
**shine, blaze, flame, burn brightly**
45
तटी
taṭī [noun] [f]
## Footnote
**slope, precipice**
46
तत्त्व
tattva [noun] [n]
**truth** (G); **"thatness," reality; a real** (in philosophy); **a category** (M)
47
तुङ्ग
tuṅga [adjective]
## Footnote
**tall**
48
√दह् (दहति)
√dah (dahati) [verb, class 1 P]
**burn;**
ppp: dagdha; aorist: adhākṣīt
49
दार
dāra [noun] [m]
**wives** (occurs only in the plural)
50
दूरम्
dūram [adverb]
## Footnote
**far, far away**
51
देह
deha [noun] [m]
## Footnote
**body**
52
देहिन्
dehin [adjective]
**having a body**; m. noun: **man, soul** (G);
**having or possessing a body**, (M)
as masculine noun, **spirit as enveloped in the body; an individual** (as possessing a spirit or soul) **a person, living being**(M)
53
धनुष्मन्त्
dhanuṣmant [adjective] [m, n]
**having a bow**, or (m, n) **one who has a bow**
54
नर
nara [noun] [m]
## Footnote
**man**
55
नव
nava [adjective]
**new, fresh; unbaked** (of a clay pot)
56
नाशक
nāśaka [noun] [m]
## Footnote
**destroyer**
57
नित्यम्
nityam [adverb]
## Footnote
**always, constantly, ever**
58
निवास
nivāsa [noun] [m]
## Footnote
**dwelling, abode**
59
पदवी
padavī [noun] [f]
**path;**
with anu-√gam, follow in someone's footsteps
60
पराक्रम
parākrama [noun] [m]
## Footnote
**valor**
61
परुष
paruṣa [adjective]
**harsh;**
or (n) **harsh speech**
62
पर्याकुल
paryākula [adjective]
**frightened, confused** (G); **agitated** (M)
63
प्रकाश
prakāśa [noun] [m]
## Footnote
**light**
64
प्रचोदित
pracodita [ppp]
**urged, driven or pressed on, impelled;**
ppp of causative of pra-√cud
65
प्र-√मथ् (प्रमथति)
pra-√math (pramathati) [verb, class 1 P]
## Footnote
**harass, torment, annoy, agitate, stir up**
66
प्रमुखे
pramukhe [adverb]
**in front of, before the eyes of** (G); **opposite, in front** (M)
67
प्रलय
pralaya [noun] [m]
## Footnote
**cosmic dissolution**
68
प्रलोभय्
pralobhay [verb, causative]
**infatuate;**
causative of pra-√lubh
69
प्रसन्न
prasanna [ppp]
**calm, tranquil, serene; kindly disposed to;**
ppp of pra-√sad
70
प्रातः / प्रातर्
prātaḥ / prātar [adverb]
## Footnote
**in the morning**
71
प्राय
prāya [adjective]
**for the most part, generally, practically**
(used at the end of a compound)
72
प्रेरित
prerita [adjective]
## Footnote
**urged, impelled**
73
बलवन्त्
balavant [adjective]
**mighty**; or (m,n noun) **a mighty one**
74
बाढम्
bāḍham [indeclinable]
## Footnote
**excellent! good idea!**
75
√भण् (भणति)
√bhaṇ (bhaṇati) [verb, class 1 P]
## Footnote
**say**
76
√भृ (बिभर्ति)
```
√bhṛ (bibharti)
(bharati) [verb, class 3 P
class 1 p / Ā]
```
**carry, bear**
- G21 has 3P, but this verb can also appear as 1P, 1Ā (bharati/te) or 2P?
chap M16 has bibharti); bibharmi = I am bearing
77
भृत्
bhṛt [adjective]
**bearing, carring** (at end of compound)
78
मक्षिका
makṣikā [noun] [f]
## Footnote
**fly, mosquito**
79
मनोहर
manohara [adjective]
## Footnote
**charming, fascinating, captivating**
80
महापुरी
mahāpurī [noun] [f]
## Footnote
**great city**
81
माया
māyā [noun] [f]
**illusion, magic** (G); **supernatural or magical power** (M)
82
मारीच
mārīca [proper noun] [m]
**Mārīca**, one of the rākṣasas
83
मृत्यु
mṛtyu [noun] [m]
## Footnote
**death**
84
मेघ
megha [noun] [m]
## Footnote
**cloud**
85
मैथिली
maithilī [proper noun]
**Maithilī, lady of Mithil**ā, a name for **Sītā**
86
यथेष्टम्
yatheṣṭam [adverb]
## Footnote
**according to desire, as you wish**
87
युक्त
yukta [ppp]
**joined; furnished, provided, or endowed with** (with instrumental or in compound); **proper; engaged upon** (+ locative) (M20);
ppp of √yuj; also disciplined, experienced, skillful
88
रकार
rakāra [noun] [m]
**the syllable ra**, the letter **r**
89
रजत
rajata [noun] [n]
## Footnote
**silver**
90
√रम् (रमते)
√ram (ramate) [verb, class 1 Ā]
**enjoy, make love, take pleasure in;**
(also: **delight, make happy**)
91
लङ्केश्वर
laṅkeśvara [proper noun]
**Lord of Laṅkā**, an epithet of **Rāvaṇa**
92
लोक
loka [noun] [m]
## Footnote
**host, army**
93
वक्र
vakra [adjective]
## Footnote
**crooked**
94
वक्षस्
vakṣas [noun] [n]
## Footnote
**chest**
95
वध
vadha [noun] [m]
**killing, slaying, slaughter;**
with √kr (karoti) [to do, make]
equivilent of √han or causative of √mṛ, kill
96
वध्य
vadhya [adjective]
## Footnote
**to be killed**
97
वध्य
vadhya [adjective (gerundive)]
**to be killed**, i.e., **should be killed;**
gerundive of √vadh (kill), not conjugated in the present tense
98
वाक् or वाच्
vāk or vāc [noun] [f]
**speech, word** (nominative is vāk)
99
वास / वसस्
vāsa / vasas [noun] [m]
**garment, clothing; also dwelling;**
Maurer has it in one spot, vāsas, neuter, in the other vāsa, masculine
100
वित्रास
vitrāsa [noun] [m]
## Footnote
**terror**
101
विस्मय
vismaya [noun] [m]
## Footnote
**amazement, astonishment, wonder, surprise**
102
वि-√हा (विजहाति)
vi-√hā (vijahāti) [verb, class 3 P]
**give up, discard** (G); **leave apart or aside, discard** (M);
gerund: vihāya
103
शक्य
śakya [adjective]
**able, capable of being** (with infinitive); **strong**
104
शौर्य
śaurya [noun] [n]
## Footnote
**valor**
105
श्याम
śyāma [adjective]
## Footnote
**dark**
106
श्यामा
śyāmā [noun] [f]
**a young woman** (who has not had children)
107
सखि / सखी
sakhi / sakhī [noun] [m]
**friend, companion, comrade;**
feminine with long ī
(nominative singular masculine is sakhā);
108
समविभक्ताङ्गी
samavibhaktāṅgī [noun] [f]
## Footnote
**woman of symmetrical limbs**
109
संत्रस्त
saṃtrasta [adjective]
## Footnote
**terrified**
110
संभ्रान्त
saṃbhrānta [adjective]
## Footnote
**confused**
111
सम्यक्
samyak [adverb]
## Footnote
**fully, properly**
112
सम्-√या (सम्याति)
sam-√yā (samyāti) [verb, class 2 P]
**attain** (G); **go together, join** (M)
113
साधु
sādhu [indeclinable]
## Footnote
**directly, straight**
114
सारथि
sārathi [noun] [m]
## Footnote
**charioteer**
115
सुमध्यमा
sumadhyamā [noun] [f]
## Footnote
**woman with beautiful waist**
116
सौवर्ण
sauvarṇa [adjective]
## Footnote
**golden**
117
सौहृद
sauhṛda [noun] [n]
## Footnote
**friendship**
118
स्त्री
strī [noun] [f]
## Footnote
**woman**
119
सम्यक्
samyak [indeclinable]
## Footnote
**properly, fully**
120
स्वजन
svajana [noun] [m]
## Footnote
**kin, one's own people**
121
हित
hita [noun] [n]
**welfare, benefit, well-being**
(Maurer says it is the ppp of √dhā, put, place, hence placed or put, but with the sense of "well placed or put"the participle then being used as a noun.)
122
हृष्ट
hṛṣṭa [adjective]
**delighted** G); **bristling** (of hair, due to excitement) (M)
