Chapter 34a Latin to English Flashcards
- Nisi quis plēbī opem celeriter referet auxiliumve prōmissum praebēbit, mīlia pauperum morientur.
- Unless someone brings help to the (common) people quickly and provides the promised assistance, a thousand (of the) poor will die.
- Cum urbs plēna custōdiārum esset, nōn ausī estis suscipere scelera tam gravia quam voluerātis.
- Since the city was full of guards, you [pl.] did not dare to undertake crimes what were as serious as you had wanted.
- Dīc nunc cūr velīs tē ad istam dīvitem et candidam cōnferre.
- Say now why you [sg.] want to betake yourself to that wealthy and beautiful [woman].
3b. Vērē ac līberē loquere; nōlī recūsāre!
3b. Speak [sg.] truly and freely; do not refuse!
- Dīvitiīs opisbusque trāditīs, heu, illī philosophī eādem nocte subitō profectī sunt in exilium, unde numquam ēgredī potuērunt.
- After the riches and resources had been handed over, alas, those philosophers [male] on the same night suddenly set out into exile, whence they were never able to emerge.
- Nē patiāmur hanc antīquissimam scientiam āmittī.
- Let us not allow this most ancient knowledge to be lost.
- Fateor mē vīnō merō apud mē ūsūrum esse.
- I confess that I am going to enjoy undiluted wine at my house.
- Ab initiō nōn comprehendistī quantus exercitus nōs sequerētur et quot elephantōs istī mīlitēs sēcum dūcerent.
- From the start you [sg.] did not understand how large an army was following us and how many elephants those (dreadful) soldiers were leading with them.
- Prīmō respondit sē nōlle sequī ducem mediocris virtūtis sapientiaeve, cum cīvitās in līmine bellī stāret.
- At first he answered that he did not want to follow a leader of moderate courage and wisdom, although (?) the state was standing on the threshold of war.
- Ex urbe subitō ēgressus, ferrō suō morī semel cōnātus est.
- Having suddenly come out from the city, he tried tried once to die with his (own) sword.
- Cum Aristotelēs hortārētur hominēs ad virtūtem, tamen arbitrābātur virtūtem in hominibus nōn nāscī.
- Although urged people to virtue, nevertheless he thought that virtue was not born in humans.
- Māter paterque nunc rūsticārī plūrimum mālunt, ut ā labōribus remissiōne suāvī fēlīcius ūtantur.
- Mother and father now very much prefer to live in the country, so that they can more happily enjoy sweet release from (their) labors.
- Dā mihi, amābō tē, multum salis et vīnum aquamve, ut cēnā maximē ūtar.
- Give me, please, a lot of salt, and wine, and water, so that I may enjoy the dinner very much.
- They [fem.] did not permit me to speak with him at that time.
- Nōn passae sunt mē eō tempore loquī cum eō.
- We kept thinking (arbitror) that, on account of the plebeians’ poverty, he would use the office more wisely.
- Arbitrābāmur eum, propter paūpertātem plēbis, officiō sapientius ūsūrum esse.
- If any one should use this water even once, he would die.
- Sī quis hāc aquā etiam semel utātur, moriātur.
- If those four soldiers had followed us, we [male] would not have dared to put the weapons on the ships.
- Sī illī quattuor mīlitēs nōs secūtī essent, nōn ausī essēmus arma in nāvibus pōnere.
- This dinner will be good, provided that you [pl.] use salt.
- Haec cēna bona erit, dummodo sale utāminī.
- Cēdāmus Phoebō et, monitī, meliōra sequāmur.
- Let us yield to Apollo and, having been warned, let us follow better (paths).
- Nam nēmō sine vitiīs nāscitur; optimus ille est quī minima habet.
- For no one is born without faults; that one is best who has the smallest ones.
- Mundus est commūnis urbs deōrum atque hominum;
- The worlds is the common city of gods and of humans;
3b. hī enim sōlī, ratiōne ūtentēs, iūre ac lēge vīvunt.
3b. for these [i.e. humans] alone, using reason, live by justice and law.
- Tardē sed graviter vir sapiēns īrāscitur.
- A wise person becomes angry slowly, but seriously.
- Quae cum ita sint, Catilīna, ēgredere ex urbe;
- Since these things are so, Catiline, depart from the city;
5b. patent portae; proficīscere;
5b. the gates are open; get going;
5c. nōbīscum versārī iam diūtius nōn potes;
5c. you cannot now remain with us longer;
5d. id nōn feram, nōn patiar.
5d. this I will not bear, I will not endure.
- Cūra pecūniam crēscentem sequitur et dives male dormit.
- Care follows increasing money and the rich (person) sleeps badly.
- Sī in Britanniam profectus essēs, nēmō in illā tantā īnsulā iūre perītor fuisset.
- If you had set out for Britain, no one in that island would have been more skilled in law.
- Nisi laus nova nāscitur etiam vetus laus in incertō iacet ac saepe āmittitur.
- Unless new praise is born even old praise lies in (an) uncertain (state) and is often lost.
- Spērō autem mē secūtum esse in libellīs meīs tālem temperantiam ut nēmō bonus dē illīs querī possit.
- I hope, however, that I have followed such temperance in my books that no good (man) can complain about them.
- Hōrae quidem et dies et annī discēdunt;
- The hours, indeed, and the days and the years depart;
10b nec praeteritum tempus umquam reveritur, nec quid sequātur potest scīrī.
10b. nor does past time ever return, nor is it possible to know what follows.
- Nōvistī mores mulierum: dum mōliuntur, dum cōnantur, dum speculum spectant, annus lābitur.
- You know the morals of women; while they plan, while they try, while they look (in) the mirror, a year slips (by).
- Amīcitia rēs plūrimās continent; nōn aquā, nōn igne in plūribus locīs ūtimur quam amīcitiā.
- Friendship contains very many things; we do not use water, (we do) not (use) fire in more places than friendship.
- Homō stultus! Postquam dīvitiās habēre coepit, mortuus est!
- (What a) stupid person! After he began to have riches, he is dead!.
- Ō passī graviōra, dabit deus hīs quoque finem.
- O you [pl.] who have suffered rather serious (things), the god will give and end to these (things) too.
- Et ille quidem animam ēbullit, et ex eō dēsiit vīvere vidēri.
- And that one, in fact bubbled out his soul, and from that point on ceased to seem to live.
- Exspīrāvit autem dum comoedōs audit, ut sciās mē nōn sine causā illōs timēre.
- However he expired while he was listening [lit. present] to comic actors, so that you know that I fear them not without reason.
- Ultima vōx eius haec inter hominēs audīta est, cum maiōrem sonitum ēmisisset illā parte quā facilius loquēbātur:
- This, his last sound, was heard among humans, when had emitted a rather large sound from that part (of his body) where he would talk more easily:
- “Vae mē, putō, concacavī!”
- “Woe is me, I think, I have beshat myself!”
- Quod an fēcerit, nesciō—omnia certē concacāvit!
- Whether he (in fact) did this, I do not know; certainly he shat on everything!
- review the elegiac couplet
_ _ _ _
- ∪ ∪ │- ∪ ∪ │ - ║ ∪ ║ ∪ │ - ∪ ∪ │ - ∪ ∪ │ - x
_ _
- ∪ ∪ - ∪ ∪ - ║ - ∪ ∪ - ∪ ∪ -
- scan and read aloud: Mentītur quī tē vitiōsum, Zōile, dīcit: / nōn vitiōsus homō es, Zōile, sed vitium!
- MENTĪTUR QUĪ TĒ vitiŌSUM, ZŌile, DĪCit: / NŌN vitiŌSus hom(ō) es, ZŌile, SED vitiUM!
- translate: Mentītur quī tē vitiōsum, Zōile, dīcit: / nōn vitiōsus homō es, Zōile, sed vitium!
- He lies who says you are fault-ridden, Zoïlus / you’re not a fault-ridden person, Zoïlus, but a fault.
- review hendecasyllabic.
Hendecasyllabic (also called Phalaecian)
For practical purpose the scheme is
- ∪ ∪ - ∪ - ∪ - x
Sometimes the first or the second syllable can be short.
- scan and read aloud Martial 1.64:
Bella es, nōvimus, et puella, vērum est,
et dīves—quis enim potest negāre?
Sed cum tē nimium, Fabulla, laudās,
nec dīves neque bella nec puella es!
2.
BELLA ES, NŌvimus, ET puELLa, VĒR(UM) EST,
ET DĪVES—quis enIM potEST negĀre?
SED CUM TĒ nimiUM, FabULLa, LAUDĀS,
NEC DĪVES neque BELLa NEC puELL(a)es!
- read aloud and translate Martial 1.64:
Bella es, nōvimus, et puella, vērum est,
et dīves—quis enim potest negāre?
Sed cum tē nimium, Fabulla, laudās,
nec dīves neque bella nec puella es!
3.
You are beautiful, we know, and a girl, it’s true
and rich—for who can deny it?
But when you praise yourself too much, Fabulla,
you are neither rich, nor beautiful, nor a girl!
- introduction to Sapphic stanza
- u - x - u u - u - -
- u - x - u u - u - -
- u - x - u u - u - -
- u u - u
This stanza is particularly associated with the Greek poet (or poetess) Sappho. It consists of three lines with eleven syllables and little variation; the anceps syllables (x) can for practical purposes be treated as long; the fourth line is a short pendant, called the adonic.
- u - - - u u - u - -
- u - - - u u - u - -
- u - - - u u - u - -
- u u - u
- scan and read aloud Catullus 51, 1-4:
Ille mī par esse deō vidētur,
ille, sī fās est, superāre dīvōs,
quī, sedēns adversus, identidem tē
spectat et audit
2.
ILLe MĪ par ESSe deŌ vidĒtur,
ILLe, SĪ FĀS EST, superĀre DĪVŌS,
QUĪ, sedĒNS ADVERSus, idENTiDEM TĒ
SPECTat et AUdit
- scan and read aloud Catullus 51, 5-8:
dulce rīdentem, miserō quod omnīs
ēripit sēnsūs mihi: nam simul tē,
Lesbia, aspexī, nihil est super mī,
Lesbia, vōcis,
3.
DULCe rĪDENTEM, miserŌ quod OMNĪS
ĒripIT SĒNSŪS mihi: NAM simUL TĒ,
LESbi(a), ASPEXĪ, nihil EST suPER MĪ
LESBia, VŌCis,
- scan and read aloud Catullus 51, 1-4, 9-12:
lingua sed torpet, tenuis sub artūs
flamma dēmānat, sonitū suōpte
tintinant aurēs, geminā teguntur
lūmina nocte.
4.
LINGua SED TORPET, tenuIS Sub ARTŪS
FLAMMa DĒMĀNAT, sonitŪ suŌPTe
TINTinANT AURĒS, geminĀ tegUNtur
LŪMina NOCTe.
- scan and read aloud Catullus 51, 13-16:
Ōtium, Catulle, tibi molestum est;
ōtiō exsultās nimiumque gestīs:
ōtium et rēgēs prius et beātās
perdidit urbēs.
5.
ŌtiUM, CatULLe, tibI molEST(UM) EST;
ŌTi(ō) EXSULTĀS nimiUMque GESTĪS:
ŌTi(um) ET RĒGĒS prius ET BeĀTĀS
PERDidit URBĒS.
- read aloud and translate Catullus 51, 1-4:
Ille mī par esse deō vidētur,
ille, sī fās est, superāre dīvōs,
quī, sedēns adversus, identidem tē
spectat et audit
2.
That one seems to me the equal of a god,
that one (seems), if it is right, to surpass the gods,
who, sitting opposite, again and again, (as for) you
... / (he) looks at and hears
- read aloud and translate Catullus 51, 5-8:
dulce rīdentem, miserō quod omnīs
ēripit sēnsūs mihi: nam simul tē,
Lesbia, aspexī, nihil est super mī
Lesbia, vōcis,
3.
(you) laughing sweetly, which all from miserable
me snatches the senses; for for once you,
Lesbia, I have seen, nothing to me survives,
Lesbia, of (my) voice
- read aloud and translate Catullus 51, 9-12:
lingua sed torpet, tenuis sub artūs
flamma dēmānat, sonitū suōpte
tintinant aurēs, geminā teguntur
lūmina nocte.
4.
but my tongue grows numb, under the limbs a slight
flame flows, with their very own sound
the ears ring, the are covered with twin
night, my eyes.
- read aloud and translate Catullus 51, 13-16:
ōtium, Catulle, tibi molestum est;
ōtiō exsultās nimiumque gestīs:
ōtium et rēgēs prius et beātās
perdidit urbēs.
5.
Leisure, Catullus, is troublesome for you;
you rejoice in leisure and you are too triumphant:
leisure has formerly been for kings and happy
cities the ruin.
