Thyroid Disorders- Chapter 25 Flashcards
1
Q
Thyroid Hormones
A
- The thyroid gland secretes hormones that have an affect on nearly all cells in the body
- They regulate growth and metabolism
2
Q
Risk Factors for Thyroid Disease
A
- Gender
- Age
- Pregnancy
- Diabetes
- Cigarette smoking
3
Q
Diagnostic Tests for Thyroid Disease
A
- TSH test
- T4 test
- Thyroid antibody test
- Radioactive iodine uptake
4
Q
TSH Test
A
-A low TSH level signals hyperthyroidism
5
Q
T4 Test
A
- High levels of T4 signal hyperthyroidism
- Low levels signal hypothyroidism
6
Q
Thyroid Antibody Test
A
-If thyroid antibodies are present, autoimmune thyroid disease is diagnosed
7
Q
Radioactive Iodine Uptake (RAIU)
A
- A low dose of radioactive iodine is administered
- RAIU is high in hyperthyroidism and low in hypothyroidism
8
Q
What Causes Hyperthyroidism?
A
- Thyroid tumors
- Inflammation of the thyroid gland
- Grave’s disease
9
Q
Grave’s Disease
A
- An autoimmune disease
- The body generates thyroid stimulating antibodies (TSA’s)
- TSA’s bind to receptors on the thyroid gland and mimic TSH
- Thyroid gland releases T3 and T4, but there is no negative feedback
10
Q
Symptoms of Hyperthyroidism
A
- Palpitations
- Rapid heart rate
- Muscle weakness
- Tremor
- Weight loss
- Shortness of breath
- Enlarged thyroid
- Bulging eyes
- Sweating
- Flushing
- etc.
11
Q
Treatment of Hyperthyroidism
A
- Radioactive iodine
- Antithyroid drugs
- Surgery
12
Q
Antithyroid Drugs (Thioamides)
A
- propylthyiouracil (PTU) and methimazole block the synthesis of T3 and T4
- They bind thyroid peroxidase so no new thyroid hormone is formed
- PTU also blocks the conversion of T4 to T3
13
Q
Thioamides Examples
A
- methimazole
- propylthiouracil
14
Q
Generic: methimazole
A
Tapazole
-For hyperthyroidism
15
Q
Generic: propylthiouracil
A
Propyl-Thyracil
-For hyperthyroidism
