Final Exam Flashcards - Autoimmune Diseases
Autoimmune disease
-Occurs when the immune system turns against itself
Myasthenia Gravis
-Causes weakness of the skeletal muscles of face, neck, and limbs and fatigue after brief activity
Myositis
-Chronic inflammation of muscles
Multiple Sclerosis
-Myelin is attacked causing inflammation and often permanently damaging the myelin. Nerve impulses may be completely disrupted
Rheumatoid Arthritis
-Inflammation of the lining of the joints
Drugs Used to Suppress Inflammation and Reduce Swelling
- Glucocorticosteroids
- NSAIDS
- Salicylates
Drugs That slow the Progression of the Disease
- DMARDs
- BRM’s
Glucocorticosteroids
-Inhibit synthesis of proinflammatory substances and antibodies responsible for attacking healthy cells
Glucocorticosteroids ADR’s
- GI ulceration
- Osteoporosis
- Hypertension
- Cataracts
- Poor wound healing
- Infection
- Moon face, buffalo hump
NSAIDs
-Used for treatment of pain and inflammation
NSAIDs ADR’s
- Hepatotoxicity (ketorolac)
- Salicylism (aspirin)
- Agranulocytosis (indomethacin, flurbiprofen)
- Nausea
- GI bleeding
- Ulceration
- Dizziness
DMARDs
-Slow the progression of disease
Include:
- Immunosuppressants
- Antimalarials
- Interleukin antagonists
- Fusion Protein
- TNFa inhibitors
- BRM’s that are not TNFa inhibitors
Immunosuppressants
-Suppress the immune system by damaging RNA and DNA needed for cell replication
DMARDs: Antimalarials
- For RA and SLE
- Have antiinflammatory and analgesic properties
Additional DMARDs for RA
- leflunomide
- sulfasalazine
- auranofin
- penicillamine
Leflunomide ADR’s
- Liver toxicity
- Fetal toxicity
- Liver dysfunction
- Nausea
- Hair loss
Sulfasalazine ADR’s
- Damage to WBC
- GI upset
- Photosensitivity
- Crystalluria
- Impaired folic acid absorption
Gold Compounds ADR’s
- Itching
- Rash
- Metallic taste
- Photosensitivity
- Proteinuria
- interstitial pneumonia
Pencillamine ADR’s
- Rash
- GI upset
- Nephrotoxicity
BRM’s
- inhibit the release of cells that mobilize to fight a what the body believes is a harmful invasion
- Inhibit release of substances that produce inflammation
Interleukin Antagonists
-Interferes with binding of interleukins that produce inflammatory response
TNFa Inhibitors
-Block the inflammatory process
Myasthenia Gravis
-Cholinesterase inhibitors block the destruction of ACh at neuromuscular junctions
