Final Exam Flashcards - Arrhythmias
1
Q
Arrhythmia
A
- An irregular heart rhythm
- Occur when cardiac ion exchange channels function improperly
2
Q
Types of Arrhythmias
A
- Atrial flutter
- Atrial fibrillation
- Supraventricular tachycardia
- Ventricular tachycardia
- Ventricular fibrillation
3
Q
Treatment of Arrhythmia
A
- Antiarrhythmic drugs treat irregular heart rhythms
- Classified into Class 1, 2, 3, and 4 according to their MOA
4
Q
Antiarrhythmics MOA
A
- Na+ channel blockade
- K+ channel blockade
- Ca2+ channel blockade
- Sympathetic nervous system blockade
5
Q
Class I Antiarrhythmics
A
- Act on sodium (Na+) channels
- Slow rate of depolarization
- Delay conduction
- Prolong time between contractions
6
Q
Class I Antiarrhythmics ADR’s
A
- All have local anesthetic effects
- N/V
- Arrhythmia
- Bradycardia
- Dizziness
- Hypotension
- Chinchonism (quinidine)
- Photophobia (propafenone)
7
Q
Class II Antiarrhythmics (B-Blockers)
A
- Used in ventricular arrhythmias
- Suppress ectopic beats
- Block stimulation of AV and SA nodes
- Increase refractory period
- Slow conduction velocity
8
Q
Class II Antiarrhythmics ADR’s
A
- Bradycardia
- N/V
- Dizziness
- Hypotension
- Depression
- Impotence
9
Q
Class III Antiarrhythmics
A
- Block Potassium (K+) channels
- prolong depolarization and refractory period
10
Q
Class III Antiarrhythmics ADR’s
A
- Liver dysfunction
- Peripheral neuropathy
- Bradycardia
- Hypotension
- Dizziness
- Photosensitivity
11
Q
Class IV Antiarrhythmics
A
- Block Ca2+ channels
- verapamil and diltiazem
12
Q
Class IV Antiarrhythmics ADR’s
A
- Headache
- Hypotension
- Facial flushing
- Dizziness
- N/V
