Final Exam Flashcards - Muscle Spasms

Question 1

Symptoms of Spasticity

Answer 1

• Muscle weakness
• Decreased endurance
• Reduced capacity to make voluntary muscle movements
• increased muscle tone
• Exaggerated tendon jerks
• Hyperexcitable stretch reflex

Question 2

Drugs Used to Treat Spasticity

Answer 2

• Peripheral acting drugs

- Central acting drugs

Question 3

Peripheral Acting Drugs

Answer 3

-Act directly on the contractile mechanisms in muscle

Question 4

Botulinum Toxin A

Answer 4

-Inhibits presynaptic release of ACh at neuromuscular junction, paralyzing the muscles that received injections

Question 5

Botulinum Toxin A ADR’s

Answer 5

• Droopy eyelids
• Headache
• Nausea
• Flulike symptoms
• Redness
• Muscle weakness

Question 6

Dantrolene

Answer 6

-Used to treat spasticity associated with spinal cord injury, stroke, Cerebral Palsy, MS, etc.

Question 7

Dantrolene ADR’s

Answer 7

• Hepatotoxicity
• Muscle weakness
• Sedation
• Fatigue
• Diarrhea

Question 8

Central Acting Drugs

Answer 8

-Bind to receptor sites that control motor movement in the brain and spinal cord

• Categorized according to MOA:
• GABAergic drugs
• a2-adrenergic drugs

Question 9

GABAergic Drugs

Answer 9

-Bind directly to, or enhance GABA binding

Question 10

A2-Adrenergic Drugs

Answer 10

• Act like naturally occurring neurotransmitters

- Prevent the release of excitatory neurotransmitters in the spinal chord

Question 11

Spasticity Drugs ADR’s

Answer 11

• Sedation or dizziness
• Hypotension
• Headache
• Nausea
• Confusion
• Weakness
• Diarrhea

Question 12

Central Acting Skeletal Muscle Relaxants for Muscle Strain

Answer 12

-Used to treat stiffness, pain, and spasms associated with muscle tension, strain, sprains, etc.

Question 13

Skeletal Muscle Relaxants Tech Note!

Answer 13

-SHOULD NOT BE COMBINED WITH ALCOHOL

Question 14

Drugs Used to Treat Muscle Strain ADR’s

Answer 14

• Dizziness or drowsiness
• Blurred vision
• Discoloration or urine