Final Exam Flashcards - Immunosuppressants, Vaccines, Immunomodulators
Vaccines
- Prevent disease by taking advantage of the bodies ability to make antibodies
- An altered antigen that is injected into the body
Types of Vaccines
- Live, attenuated
- Inactivated, killed
- Toxoid
- Conjugate
Immunosuppressants
- Inhibit the immune system
- Used to treat autoimmune diseases, and to prevent tissue or organ rejection after transplant surgery
Cyclosporine
-Suppresses cell destruction and prevents organ transplant rejection
Cyclosporine ADR’s
- Increased risk for infections
- Nephrotoxicity
- Neurotoxicity
- Seizures
- Diarrhea
- N/V
- Anorexia
Macrolides
- Common ending: “limus”
- Inhibit enzyme involved in gene transcription of interleukins, interferons, and cytokines
Macrolides ADR’s
- Seizures
- Hepatitis
- Hair loss or unusual growth
- Loss of appetite
- Nightmares
- dizziness
- confusion
- Headache
- Depression
- Tremor
Mycophenolate Mofetil
- Used with corticosteroids to decrease rejection of transplanted organs
- Is a prodrug
Mycophenolate Mofetil ADR’s
- Leukopenia
- Lymphomas
- Increase risk for bacterial/viral infections
- Constipation
- Loss of appetite
- N/V
Immunomodulators
- A chemical agent that modifies the immune response or functioning of the immune system
- Monoclonal Antibodies
- Antithymocyte globulin (ATG)
- Intravenous y-immune globulin
- Rho(D) immune globulin
- T-cell costimulation blocker
Moniclonal Antibodies
- Common ending: “mab”
- Used to reduce transplant rejections and prolong the life of transplanted organs
Antithymocyte Globulin (ATG)
-Administered to reduce rejection associated with organ and bone marrow transplantation
ATG ADRs
- Fever and chills
- Leukopenia
- Skin rash
- Headache
- Dizziness
- Tiredness
- Diarrhea
Intravenous Y-Immune Globulin
- Collected from human plasma
- Used for treatment of a variety of infections
Rh0 (D) Immune Globulin
-Administered to pregnant women who are Rh (-) and have been exposed to blood that is Rh (+)
