Neuromuscular Part Thirteen

Question 1

purpose of proton pump inhibitor agents

Answer 1

prevent erosive esophagitis

Question 2

reflex bladder AKA

Answer 2

upper motor neuron bladder

Question 3

parameters for pressure relief to prevent decubitis ulcers

Answer 3

four times per hour

every 15-20 minutes

Question 4

for SCIs, the inability to cough effectively allows for secretions to build in the lungs resulting in what

Answer 4

decreased forced expiration

Question 5

how is heterotopic bone formation different from myositis ossificans

Answer 5

MO - results from trauma to muscle tissue and presents with bony deposits within the muscle tissue

Question 6

who uses static wrist-hand orthosis

Answer 6

C1-C5

Question 7

most common cause of autonomic dysreflexia

Answer 7

bladder distension

Question 8

a cord injury that interupts communication with the ______ can cause hypothermia

Answer 8

hypothalamus

Question 9

symptoms of autonomic dysreflexia

Answer 9

sudden increase in BP

bradycardia

headache

flushing

profuse sweating

anxiety

Question 10

what should be checked immediately with autonomic dysreflexia

Answer 10

bladder drainage system

Question 11

following a SCI, what specific parts of breathing will be reduced

Answer 11

tidal volume

vital capacity

Question 12

autonomous/nonreflex bladder AKA

Answer 12

lower motor neuron bladder

Question 13

side effects laxative agents

Answer 13

nausea

abdominal discomfort

cramping

dehydration

Question 14

should elastic stockings be used for DVTs

Answer 14

yes

Question 15

because sweating doesn’t occur lower than the LOI following SCI, what is the compensation

Answer 15

diaphoresis above the level of the lesion

Question 16

in order to sustain life after a diaphragm issue following SCI, what should be implemented

Answer 16

artificial ventilator

phrenic nerve stimulator

Question 17

diaphragm nerve roots

Answer 17

C3-C5

Question 18

what do anticholinergic agents do

Answer 18

decrease release of gastric acid

Question 19

level of patients that use head/mouth stick

Answer 19

C3-C4, sometimes C5

Question 20

what is autonomous/nonreflex bladder

Answer 20

only emptied by increasing intraabdominal pressure or by manually compressing the lower abdomen

Question 21

purpose of head or mouth stick for SCIs and who is it used by

Answer 21

used by patients with quadriplegia to hold utensils or devices such as pencils

Question 22

following initial hypothermia resulting from hypothalamus issue with SCI, what will happen and why

Answer 22

hyperthermia because of loss in sympathetic control of sweat glands

Question 23

effects on fertilitiy on males and females following SCI in the lumbosacral area

Answer 23

males - infertile

females - no real changes

Question 24

purpose of mobile arm support

Answer 24

helps with self-care, recreation, use of hand control in power chair

Question 25

what level of SIC leads to loss of voluntary control of urination and defecation

Answer 25

S2-S4

Question 26

below the level of the lesion in a SCI, what does NOT occur (other than motor/sensory)

Answer 26

sweating

Question 27

side effects of anticholinergic agents

Answer 27

dry mouth

constipation

urinary retention

Question 28

what position should the patient be while having autonomic dysreflexia and why

Answer 28

sit them up to lower BP

Question 29

what happens to reflex after spinal shock has resolved

Answer 29

they return and progressively come back stronger (results in spasticity)

Question 30

most common places for decubitis ulcers

Answer 30

sacrum

heels

trochanters

ischium

Question 31

two best ways to prevent contractures for SCIs

Answer 31

AROM - periodically through available ROM

second best is PROM

Question 32

who uses mobile arm support

Answer 32

patients with weak proximal UE muscles

Question 33

side effects of proton pump inhibitor agents

Answer 33

acid rebound phenomenon (when discontinued after prolonged use)

Question 34

out of all the below drugs, which would prevent a patient from participating in an outpatient setting:

anatacid agents

anticholinergic agents

laxative agents

proton pump inhibitor agents

Answer 34

laxatives

Question 35

what is heterotopic bone formation with SCIs

Answer 35

formation of new bone within muscles or other connective tissue BELOW the lesion

Question 36

what is reflex bladder

Answer 36

empties in response to a certain level of filling pressure

Question 37

who can get autonomic dysreflexia

Answer 37

SCIs above T6