Cardiopulmonary Part Four

Question 1

where would there be loss of hair for intermittent claudication

Answer 1

loss of hair over anterior tibial area

Question 2

procedure for ABI

Answer 2

pt in supine at rest for 5 minutes

BP cuff inflated to occlude flow temporarily then deflated

examiner listens to return of flow

Question 3

how to interpret venous filling time

Answer 3

delayed filling (over 15 seconds) is indicative of venous insufficiency

Question 4

for rubor of dependency, when is arterial insufficiency indicated

Answer 4

changes that take longer than 30 seconds

Question 5

what does ABI assist in

Answer 5

finding risk for cardiovascular disease

Question 6

what blood test is the primary measure of MI

Answer 6

rise and fall of cardiac troponin

Question 7

what other enzymes will be elevated following MI

Answer 7

CK or CPK

concomitant elevation of CK-MB

Question 8

with intermittent claudication, when may leg cramps be a thing

Answer 8

diuretic use with hypokalemia

Question 9

how to perform Trendelenburg Test

Answer 9

patient in supine with legs elevated to 60

tourniquet is placed on proximal thigh

patient asked to stand

examiner notes whether veins fill in normal pattern

Question 10

purpose of Doppler Ultrasound

Answer 10

determines blood flow within a vessel

Question 11

what is ankle brachial index

Answer 11

the ratio of LE pressure divided by UE pressure

Question 12

what lymph nodes should be palpated

Answer 12

cervical

axillary

epitrochlear

superficial inguinal

Question 13

what is air plethysemography

Answer 13

pneumatic device calibrated to measure patency of venous system volume

Question 14

when is intermittent claudication test stopped

Answer 14

with clauditory pain

Question 15

how long should veins take to fill for Trendelenburg Test

Answer 15

30 seconds

Question 16

what is echocardiogram

Answer 16

noninvasive test that uses ultrasound to assess internal structures

Question 17

where does the central line (Swan-Ganz) catheter insert

Answer 17

through vessels into right side of heart

Question 18

how to interpret rubor of dependency

Answer 18

with insuffificiency, pallor develops in elevated position

Question 19

how to perform percussion test

Answer 19

in standing, palpate one segment of vein while percussing vein approximately 20 cm or higher

Question 20

purpose of chest x-ray

Answer 20

abnormalities of lung fluids

overall cardiac shape and size

aneurysm

Question 21

what can Doppler ultrasound measure in LEs

Answer 21

systolic BP

Question 22

Subjective Ratings of Pain with intermittent Claudication

Answer 22

Grade 1: Minimal discomfort or pain

Grade II: Moderate discomfort or pain; patient’s attention can be diverted

Grade III: intense pain; patient’s attention cannot be diverted

Grade IV: Excrutiating and unbearable pain

Question 23

when is Doppler Ultrasound most useful

Answer 23

venous and arterial diseases

Question 24

purpose of venous filling time

Answer 24

examine time necessary to refill veins after emptying

Question 25

what tests helps determine ejection fraction

Answer 25

cardiac catheterization

Question 26

procedure for rubor of dependency

Answer 26

examine color changes in skin during elevation of foot followed by dependency (seated, hanging position)

Question 27

serum lipids (lipid panel) is used to determine

Answer 27

coronary risk

Question 28

what peripheral system should ALWAYS be tested first and why

Answer 28

venous

venous insufficiency can invalidate some arterial tests

Question 29

test for intermittent claudication procedure

Answer 29

have patient walk on level grade, 1 mile/hour (treadmill)

Question 30

the rise and fall of troponin must accompany what in order to indicate MI:

Answer 30

symptoms of ischemia

new or presumed new ST changes on EKG

development of pathological Q waves on EKG

new loss of viable myocardium and/or new wall motion abnormality on imaging

evidence of intracoronary thrombus via catheterization or autopsy

Question 31

an ABI over 1.40 indicates

Answer 31

non-compliant arteries

Question 32

rubor of dependency tests veins or arteries

Answer 32

arteries

Question 33

what arteries are used for ABI

Answer 33

UE: brachial

LE: poterior tibial and dorsalis pedis

Question 34

purpose of myocardial perfusion imaging

Answer 34

ischemic heart disease

MI

Question 35

what are normal values for ABI

Answer 35

1.00-1.40

Question 36

what is cardiac catheterization

Answer 36

passage of a tiny tube from brachial or femoral artery through aorta into blood vessels with introduction of a contrast medium into coronary ateries and subsequent x-ray

Question 37

how to perform venous fill time

Answer 37

patient supine, passively elevate LE to 45 for 1 min

place in dependent position

Question 38

what does central line (Swan-Genz) catheter do

Answer 38

measures central venous pressure

pulmonary artery pressure

pulmonary capillary wedge pressure

Question 39

how to interpret percussion test

Answer 39

if pulse wave is felt by lower hand, the intervening valves are incompetent

Question 40

procedure for air plethysmography

Answer 40

cuff is inflated around calf, attached to a pressure transducer and microprocessor

Question 41

when does CK or CPK peak after an MI

Answer 41

12-24 hours

Question 42

purpose of percussion test

Answer 42

determines competence of greater saphenous venin

Question 43

purpose of Trendelenburg Test

Answer 43

determines competence of communicating veins and saphenous system