Musculoskeletal Part Six Flashcards
platysma function
depresses mandible
draws mouth inferiorly
overall function of the intervertebral disc
dissipate compressive loads
absence of a carotid pulse indicates
cardiac arrest
dorsal roots transmit _____ fibers to spinal cord
and transmit ____ fibers from spinal cord to spinal nerve
sensory fibers to spinal cord
motor fibers from spinal cord
the main lateral flexor of the spine
quadratus lumborum
intermediate intrinsic back muscles lateral to medial
iliocostalis
longisimus
spinalis
where is the carotid pulse felt
side of the neck
main muscles of inspiration
diaphragm
internal intercostal
external intercostal
levator costarum
the vertebral arteries branch off of the
subclavian artery
Hypoventilation would do what do blood pH
Lower it (acidosis)
what muscles make up the iliopsoas
iliacus
psoas
muscles for forced expiration
internal oblique
external oblique
transverse abdominis
rectus abdominis
a wedge fracture results from…
forced flexion of the thoracic or lumbar spine
innervation of spine flexors
intercostals
what artery is palpated for the carotid pulse
external carotid artery
Prolonged use of antacids could lead to…
Alkalosis (blood pH above 7.45)
what is the inside of the vertebral disc called
nucleus polposus
primary function of iliopsoas
hip flexion, ER
what is counternutation
extension of sacrum
anterior rotation of ilium
Can Gullain-Barre cause respiratory muscle weakness
Yes
what injury to the disc can result from rotation injury
posterolateral protrusion
can compress a spinal nerve root
spinal cord terminates approximately at what level
L1-L2 disc
excessive compression of the spine can cause…
burst fracture of the vertebral body
what muscles comprise the deep layer of intrinsic muscles of the back
semispinalis
multifidus
rotatores
what is nutation
flexion of sacrum
posterior rotation of ilium
what level is the thyroid cartilage located at
C4-C5
what makes the ilium
ischium
ilium
pubis
the annulus fibrosis is composed of
collagen and fibrocartilage
65% water
congenital torticollis AKA
wryneck
function of the quadratus lumborum
unilaterally elevates ilium
bilaterally assists in forced exhalation, extends back
what is nucleus pulposis comprised of
water and proteoglycans
minimal collagen
occlusion of the vertebral arteries can result in
dizziness
tinnitus
fainting
nystagmus
diplopia
what innervates structures on the posterior trunk
dorsal rami
function of splenius capitis and cervicis alone AND together
alone: lateral flexion, rotation to the same side
together: extend head and neck
action of semispinalis, multifidus, rotatores
together: extend and stabilize the spine
alone: laterally flex the spine to the same side, rotate opposite
During hypoventilation, what happens to carbon dioxide removal in the body
Less CO2 removed = acidic blood
what is the articulation between atlanto-axial
C1/C2
C2: dens
C1: anterior arch
levator costarum, ext. intercostals, internal intercostal:
NR
Innervation
NR: T1-T12
I: Intercostal
function of vertebral bodies
support body weight
nerve roots for spine flexion
T7 and below
what is a teardrop fracture
triangular fragment split from the vertebral body anteriorly
piriformis action in all position
NWB/hip ext: ER
hip flexed 90: ABD
WB: IR
function of the annulus fibrosis
sustain compressive, torsional, shearing, and distraction loads
diaphragm:
nerve roots
innervation
NR: C3-C5
I: Phrenic nerve
innervation for muscles of expiration
intercostal
how does a teardrop fracture happen
compression of the anterior aspect of the vertebral body
SCM function
ipsilateral side bend
contralateral rotation
