Musculoskeletal Part Four Flashcards
what is the angle of coxa vara for the hip
under 115
glute med:
action
nerve roots
innervation
A: ABD, Flex, IR
NR: L4-S1
I: superior gluteal
iliopsoas innervation
femoral nerve
what is retroversion of the hip
antetorsion is under 10 degrees
ACL prevents
anterior displacement of the tibia
hyperextension
tibialis anterior:
A
NR
I
A: DF
NR: L4-L5
I: deep fibular
what part of the menisci are vascularized
outer-one third vascularized
inner-two thirds avascular
the iliofemoral ligament is AKA
Y ligament
ligament of bigelow
femoral neck angles ____ degrees in what direction
anteriorly 10-15 degrees (from the frontal plane)
when do the ACL and MCL work best
between full extension and 30 degrees of flexion
what direction do the menisci move during both knee flexion and extension
flexion: poteriorly
extension: anteriorly
MOI for PCL injury
when superior part of tibia is struck with knee flexed
passenger’s leg driven against dashboard
primary blood supply for the lower limb
femoral artery
what does the PCL do
prevents posterior displacement of the tibia
prevents hyperflexion/hyperextension
in order to unlock the knee (screw-home mechanism), what motions need to be done
ER femur
IR tibia
orientation of femoral head
superiorly
anteriorly
medially
what is anteversion of the hip
antetorsion angle is over 30 degrees
what nerve can the hamstrings occasionally compress
sciatic
in what direction is the labrum of the hip thickest
superior
acetabulum orientation
anterior
lateral
inferior
biceps femoris:
A
NR
I
A: hip ext, knee flex, ER
NR: L5-S2
I: sciatic
most important hip IRs
anterior fibers of glut med
glut min
glute max:
action
nerve roots
innervation
A: ext, ER
NR: L4-S2
I: inferior gluteal
terrible triad
ACL
MCL
Medial Meniscus
acetabulum blood supply
superior and inferior gluteal arteries
the ACL is taut with
extension
largest sesamoid bone in the body
patella
what does the sciatic nerve split into
tibial nerve
common fibular (peroneal) nerve
where can the femoral artery be palpated
femoral triangle (2-3 cm inferior to midpoint of the inguinal ligament)
what is the acetabular fossa
center of the acetabulum (non-articulating) and is filled with fat pad for shock absorption
excessive anteversion will lead to what gait pattern
toe-in
is the MCL or LCL more likely to get injured
why
MCL - attachment to medial meniscus
strongest knee ligament
PCL
nerve responsible for hip adduction
obturator nerve
are medial or lateral meniscus tears more common
medial meniscus
what nerve is the main branch of the sacral plexus
sciatic nerve
what does the height of the lateral femoral condyle help prevent
lateral subluxation
what is the angle of coxa valga for the hip
over 125
MOI for MCL
lateral blow to the knee
when is the MCL most taut
tibial ER
in weight bearing, do the menisci transmit more compressive forces across the knee in flexion or extension
85% transmitted in 90 degrees flexion
50% transmitted in full extension
primary hip flexor
iliopsoas
the iliofemoral/Y Ligament resists what motion
extension
what is the center of the head of the femur called
fovea capitis femoris
primary knee flexor:
identify
innervation
quadriceps femoris
femoral nerve
blood supply of femoral head
small branch off obturator artery
obturator internus:
A
NR
I
A: ER
NR: L5-S1
I: sacral plexus
when is the LCL most taut
tibial IR
blood supply of proximal femur
medial and lateral femoral circumflex
normal angle of inclination of the hip
115-125
