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therapyed > Cardiopulmonary Part Three > Flashcards

Cardiopulmonary Part Three Flashcards

1
Q

how do PVCs look on EKG

A

no P wave

wide QRS (premature)

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2
Q

what is ventricular tachycardia

A

a run of three or more PVCs occurring sequentially

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3
Q

what is intermittent claudication

A

pain, cramping, and lower extremity fatigue occurring during exercise and relieved by rest

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4
Q

pitting edema AKA

A

indentation

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5
Q

what is orthopnea

A

inability to breathe when in reclining or supine position

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6
Q

normal values of pulse oximetry

A

95-100%

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7
Q

what do ventricle arrhythmias form form

A

ectopic focus in the ventricles

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8
Q

what is to be expected with skin temperature with poor arterial perfusion

A

decreased skin temperature

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9
Q

what do nitrates do to heart rate

A

increases heart rate

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10
Q

when does the ST segment become depressed

A

impaired coronary perfusion (ischemia or injury)

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11
Q

CHF: symmetrical or assymetrical edema

A

bilateral

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12
Q

what is bradypnea

A

decrease of RR under 10 breaths per minute

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13
Q

what can crackles indicate

A

secretions in the lungs

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14
Q

what is non-sustained ventricular tachycardia (NSVT)

A

3 or more consecutive beats in duration, terminating spontaneously in less than 30 seconds

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15
Q

what is dyspnea

A

shortness of breathe

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16
Q

what is rubor

A

dependent redness with PAD

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17
Q

what are premature ventricular contractions

A

premature beat resulting from the ventricle

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18
Q

where is pain typically for IC

A

mostly the calves

but can be in the thigh, hips, or buttocks

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19
Q

BPM of:

atrial tachycardia

atrial flutter

fibrillation

A

AT: 140-250

AF: 250-350

fibrillation: over 300

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20
Q

what is orthostatic hypotension

A

drop in BP that accompanies change from supine to standing

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21
Q

what atrioventricular block is life threatening

A

third degree

22
Q

what is anoxia

A

complete lack of oxygen

23
Q

what is hypoxia

A

low oxygen level in the tissues

24
Q

what is Holter monitoring

A

continuous ambulatory EKG monitoring via tape recording of cardiac rhythm for up to 24 hours

25
Q

what needs to happen after ventricular fibrillation

A

CPR

26
Q

what does hypothermia do to heart rate

A

slows it

27
Q

what atrioventricular block requires inplantation of a surgical cathetar

A

third degree

28
Q

what is tachypnea

A

increase in respiratory rate over 22 breaths per minute

29
Q

how many PVCs are considered serious

A

over 6 per minute

paired, in sequential runs, multifocal, very early

30
Q

ventricular tachycardia is the result of

A

ischemic ventricle

31
Q

what is hypoxemia

A

abnormally low amount of oxygen in the blood

32
Q

is ventricular fibrilation a medical emergency

A

YES

33
Q

intermittent claudication is associated with…

A

peripheral artery disease

34
Q

if there is no CPR, what happens with ventricular fibrillation

A

death within 4-6 minutes

35
Q

what is clubbing

A

curvature of fingernails with soft tissue enlargement at base of the nail

36
Q

Grading Scale for Edema (all)

A

1+: mild, barely perceptible indentation (less than 1/4 inch pitting)

2+: moderate, easily identified depression; returns to normal within 15 seconds (1/4-1/2 inch pitting)

3+: severe, depression takes 15-30 seconds to rebound (1/2-1inch pitting)

4+: very severe, depression lasts for over 30 seconds (over 1 inch pitting)

37
Q

how is ventricular fibrillation described (heart stuff)

A

chaotic activity of ventricles originating from multiple foci

38
Q

what time of the day is IC pain worst

A

night

39
Q

what is ventricular fibrillation (in general)

A

pulseless situation

40
Q

what is pitting edema

A

depression is maintained when finger is pressed firmly

41
Q

what does digitalis do to EKG

A

depresses ST segment

flattens T wave

QT shortens

42
Q

do premature ventricular contractions occur in the normal population

A

yes occurs occasionally in the majority of the normal population

43
Q

what is hyperpnea

A

increase in depth and rate of breathing

44
Q

clubbing is indicative of

A

chronic oxygen deficiency

chronic pulmonary disease

heart failure

45
Q

definition of “neurological level” related to SCIs

A

most caudal segment that still maintains normal motor and sensory function on BOTH sides of the body

46
Q

qualifications for orthostatic hypotension

A

systolic drops over 20mmHg

diastolic drops over 10mmHg

47
Q

purpose of a volumeter

A

measuring girth with irregular body parts (such as hand or foot)

48
Q

what is paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea

A

sudden inability to breathe occurring during sleep

49
Q

what are atrial arrhytmias

A

rapid and repetitive firing of one or more ectopic foci in the atria

50
Q

what does pulse oximetry measure

A

degree of saturation of hemoglobin with oxygen (SaO2)

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