Cardiopulmonary Part Nine Flashcards
forced vital capacity
amount of air that is under volitional control
what are rhonci
continous low-pitched, sonorous breath sounds
forced vital capacity formula
FVC = IRV + TV + ERV
frothy sputum indicates
pulmonary edema
tidal volume
the amount of air that is inhaled and exhaled during normal resting breathing
how deep should chest compressions be for CPR
at least 2 inches
how would a capillary bleed be described
low pressure
oozing
dark red blood
hyperventilation leads to respiratory…
alkalosis
what is mucoid sputum indicative of
cystic fibrosis or conditions with chronic cough
what is deconditioning
decrease in aerobic fitness, VC, muscle strength, ROM
as a result of prolonged bed rest or inactivity
when are rhonchi heard
expiration
examples of anticoagulants
coumadin and heparin
side effects corticosteroids
osteoporosis
muscle wasting
slow wound healing
bronchodilator MOI
relax smooth muscle and open airway lumen to assist in breathing
examples of bronchodilators
epinephrine
aluprent
ventolin
proventil
atelectasis
shrunken and airless state of part of the lung
what are rales (auscultation)
crackles - extra breath sounds associated with pathology
percussion sounds with atelectasis
dull/flat percussion
residual volume
volume of air remaining in the lungs following a full or maximal expiration
forced expiratory volume
the volume of air that can be forcefully expelled in 1 second following a full inspiration
if a patient has perfusion problems, what side should the treatment occur on
involved side down
deconditioning may be associated with…
orthostatic hypotension
perfusion
volume of blood that circulates through the lungs
contraindicated modalities for lymphedema
electrotherapeutic modalities over 30 Hz
what is ventilation
refers to the movement of air exchanged in the pulmonary system
hyperventilation does what to carbon dioxide
depletion
how many compressions per minute for CPR
100/min
when are rales heard (literally)
inspiration
how is an arterial bleed described
high pressure
spurting
red
total lung capacity
the sum of the residual volume and forced vital capacity
for CPR, which come first: compressions or breathing
compressions
normal auscultation sounds
vesicular
how much of FVC is exhaled within the first second
75%
what is mucoid sputum
clear and thick
functional residual capacity
volume of air remaining in the lungs following a normal expiration
examples of corticosteroids
prednisone
cortisol
immediate treatment for hyperventilation and why
have the patient breathe into a paper bag until CO2 content of blood returns to normal
when are bronchodilators often administered and why
prior to exercise or athletics
to reduce the negative effects of disease processes
atelectasis is associated with…
infection
when are vesicular sounds heard (literally)
throughout all of inspiration
beginning of expiration
inspiratory reserve volume
volume of air that can forcefully breathed in following a normal inspiration
what are adventitious breath sounds
extra sounds… crackles, wheezes, rhonchi
how is a venous bleed described
low pressure
steady flow
dark/maroon blood
what is shock (hypoperfusion)
failure of circulatory system to perfuse vital organs
expiratory reserve volume
volume of air that can be forcefully expelled following a normal expiration
when does hyperventilation occur
when there is an increased inspiration and expiration of air as a result in increase in rate/depth of respiration
what two conditions are rhonchi present with
asthma
chronic bronchitis
functional residual capacity formula
ERV + RV
what is hemoptysis
blood in the sputum
corticosteroids MOI
decrease edema and inflammation associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases
