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TherapyEd > Neuromuscular Part Five > Flashcards

Neuromuscular Part Five Flashcards

1
Q

what is an “incomplete” SCI

A

they have motor OR sensory preserved below level of injury

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2
Q

heterotopic bone changes (late stage) can lead to…

A

ankylosing joints

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3
Q

quadriplegia injury occurs between what nerve roots

A

C1-C8

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4
Q

for SCIs, selective stretching should be performed.. what is an example of selective stretching

A

tenodesis grip

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5
Q

vertebrobasilar strokes commonly display ____ palsy

A

pseudobulbar palsy

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6
Q

weak hip flexors in gait lead to…

A

circumduction

ER with ADD

posterior lean of trunk

flexion synergy

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7
Q

secondary brain injury examples

A

hypoxic-ischemic

swelling/edema

electrolyte imbalance

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8
Q

in addition to musculoskeletal and neuro targets, what else should be strengthened for stroke patients

A

improve respiratory and oromotor function

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9
Q

what type of wheelchair is required for SCIs C1-C4

A

electric wheelchair with tilt-in-space/reclining back

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10
Q

a cauda equina injury is an injury below what level

A

L1

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11
Q

posterior cord syndrome: what is preserved

A

preservation of motor function, sense of pain, light touch

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12
Q

what is autonomic dysreflexia

A

emergency situation where a noxious stimulus precipitates a pathological autonomic reflex

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13
Q

what is a focal injury

A

contusions, lacerations, mass effect from hemorrhage and edema

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14
Q

common gait patterns post-stroke

A

Trendelenberg

scissoring

insufficient pelvic rotation during swing

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15
Q

“a saw-tooth P wave” best describes what thing on EKGs

A

atrial flutter

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16
Q

what wheelchair is used for SCIs C6

A

manual wheelchair with friction surface hand rim

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17
Q

what is heterotropic bone formation

A

abnormal bone growth in soft tissues

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18
Q

what is a diffuse axonal injury

A

disruption and tearing of axons and small blood vessels from shear-strain of angular acceleration

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19
Q

what should you do for someone experiencing autonomic dysreflexia

A

elevate head and check empty catheter

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20
Q

right hemisphere stroke description of patient

A

impulsive

quick

indifferent

poor judgement/safety

overestimating abilities

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21
Q

quadriplegia affects what part of the body

A

all four extremities and trunk

22
Q

what is sympathetic storming the result of

A

hypothalamic stimulation of the SNS with an increase in circulating corticoids and catecholamines

23
Q

scissoring gait indicates…

A

spastic adductors

24
Q

left hemisphere stroke description of patient

A

slow

cautious

hesitant

insecure

25
Q

what is atrial flutter

A

atrial tachycardia

26
Q

symptoms of autonomic dysreflexia

A

HTN

bradycardia

headache

diaphoresis

flushing

diplopia

convulsions

27
Q

for patients with right hemisphere lesions, what is a bad way to communicate

A

demonstrations/gestures

28
Q

the rapid rate with atrial flutter does what to the ventricles

A

decreased filling time (= decreased amounts of blood being ejected from the heart)

29
Q

what parts of the body are affected by paraplegia

A

LEs and trunk

30
Q

for wheelchairs with propulsion aids, what muscles need to be intact for someone using it

A

elbow flexors, shoulder function

31
Q

what wheelchair is used for SCIs C5

A

manual chair with propulsion aid

32
Q

what type of gait pattern is used with SCI T6-T9

A

swing-to

33
Q

what type of special intervention is good for strokes to regain movement

A

constraint-induced movement therapy

34
Q

diaphragm innervation and nerve roots

A

phrenic nerve

C3-C5

35
Q

paraplegia involves what nerve roots

A

T1-T12/L1

36
Q

Sequential Recovery Stages from Stoke (ALL)

A

Stage 1: initial flaccidity, no voluntary movement

Stage 2: emergence of spasticity, hyperreflexia, synergies

Stage 3: voluntary movement possible, but only in synergies; strong spasticity

Stage 4: voluntary control in isolated joint movements emerging, corresponding decline of spasticity and synergies

Stage 5: increasing voluntary control out of synergy; coordination deficits present

Stage 6: control and coordination near normal

37
Q

what type of AFO is required for supervised ambulation with SCIs T6-T9

A

KAFO bilateral

38
Q

best way to communicate with someone with a right hemisphere lesion

A

verbal cues

39
Q

anterior cord syndrome symptoms

A

loss of motor function

loss of pain and temperature

preservation of light touch, proprioception, position sense

40
Q

best way to communicate with someone with a left hemisphere lesion

A

gestures

41
Q

symptoms of heterotopic bone formation

A

soft tissue swelling

pain

erythema

42
Q

specifically to respiratory training for strokes, what should be worked on

A

chest expansion

diaphramatic breathing

43
Q

what is a “complete” SCI

A

no sensory or motor function below level of lesion

44
Q

symptoms of sympathetic storming

A

alterations in level of consciousness

increased posturing

dystonia

HTN

hyperthermia

tachycardia

tachypnea

diaphoresis

agitation

45
Q

for Modified Ashworth Scale, how to test elbow flexors

A

maximum flexion

46
Q

what wheelchair is used for SCIs C8-T1

A

manual wheelchair with standard hand rims

47
Q

primary brain injury examples

A

diffuse axonal injury

focal injury

coup-contracoup

48
Q

generally what shoulder exercise is contraindicated for post-stroke

A

overhead pulleys

49
Q

heterotropic bone formation AKA

A

ectopic bone

50
Q

what is spinal shock

A

transient period of reflex depression and flaccidity (may last for several hours or 24 weeks)

TherapyEd (81 decks)

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