Viruses/Fungi 3 Flashcards
HSV-1: incidence
~70% over 12 harbor HSV-1
HSV-1 is responsible for
cold sores
How can HSV be transmitted to genitals?
oral sex
local s/s of HSV-1:
vesicles and ulcers on:
- mouth
- throat
- lips
possible ystemic s/s of HSV-1:
- fever
- myalgias
- malaise
timeframe for sx resolution of HSV-1:
3-14 days
recurrence of HSV-1
usually milder
HSV-2 is responsible for:
- genital ulcers
- genital herpes
How many people have HSV-2?
more than 50 million
HSV-2 and HIV
HSV-2 increases the risk of acquiring HIV at least 2x!
s/s of HSV-2: vesicles and lesions on cutaneous surfaces of:
- genitals
- cervix
- buttocks
- bladder
lesion characteristics: HSV-2
- painful
- small
- grouped
- burning
timeframe for healing of HSV-2 lesions
1-3 weeks
systemic s/s with HSV-2?
possibly
reactivation of HSV-2 associated with
prodrome
prodrome
tingling or pain
varicella-zoster responsible for
- chickenpox
- shingles
varicella-zoster primary infection
chickenpox
varicella-zoster secondary infection
shingles
ratio of people who will develop shingles after having chickenpox
1 in 3
Where does varicella-zoster often persist in the body?
dorsal root ganglia
How is varicella-zoster acquired?
airborne droplets
varicella-zoster activity
- multiplies at site of entry
- spreads to bloodstream
How long does varicella-zoster take to spread to bloodstream?
4-6 days
Incubation period for varicella-zoster
14-16 days from exposure
When does is varicella-zoster contagious?
- 1-2 days prior to demo of tx
- maintains contagiousness until lesions have crusted
How is shingles different from chickenpox?
eruptions follow dermatome distribution
PHN
post-herpetic neuralgia
PHN is associated with this, and may last a lifetime
shingles
What can happen with PHN?
- pain
- hyperalgesia
- allodynia
hyperalgesia
increased pain from a painful stimulus
allodynia
painful rxn to nonpainful stimulus
What is herpes-zoster ophthalmicus?
- medical emergency
- VZV near the eye that needs eval by ophthalmologist
What increases risk of shingles?
- over 50
- immunocompromised
causes of shingles
- multifactorial
- related to cell-mediated immunity
