Infectious Disease 3 Flashcards
Infectious organisms vary in
- size
- structure
- growth requirements
- ability to stay alive
Variances in organisms provide the basis for
- identification
- dx
- tx
Types of infectious organisms (categories)
- viruses
- mycoplasms
- bacteria
- rickettsiae
- chlamydia
- protozoa
- fungi
- prions
number of viruses
over 400 that affect humans
virus components
- RNA or DNA nucleus
- covered in protein
Viruses are dependent on host for ____
replication
What are mycoplasms?
self-replicating bacteria
Mycoplasms require a ____
host
Mycoplasms are sensitive to some of these
antibiotics
Do bacteria require a host?
no
Bacteria vary in these:
- shape
- response to staining
- motility
- tendency toward encapsulation
- capacity to form spores
- oxygen requirements
bacteria: shape categories
- rod
- spherical
- spiral
bacteria: response to staining
gram +/-
What are rickettsiae?
animal pathogens
How do rickettsiae infect humans?
insect bite (flea/tick)
Chlamydia
- smaller than bacteria, larger than virus
- respond to some antibiotics
protozoa: organization
- single cell
- loosely bound group of cells
protozoa: parasites (examples)
- roundworms
- flatworms
Fungi called _____ in humans
mycoses
Fungi
- yeasts
- molds
What are prions?
proteins without nucleic acid
prions: transmission
transmitted from animals to humans
Examples of prions
- Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (humans)
- mad cow disease (bovine)
Major types of nosocomial infections
- UTI
- Bloodstream infection
- pneumonia
- GI and genitourinary
