Study Guide 7 Flashcards
Protein implicated in PD
N/A
Region of the brain most affected in PD
BG in cerebrum and midbrain
Which cell types are targeted first in PD?
Dopaminergic
Structural changes in brain with PD
None, minus cell death in BG
Cell death in the BG with PD - specific areas affected
- substantia nigra compacta
- PPN
Levodopa side effects
- N/V
- arrhythmias
- OH
- dyskinesia
- behavioral changes
What is it called when PD medication wears off before the next dose?
End of dose akinesia
What helps with end of dose akinesia?
Twice a day scheduling
What is the phenomenon with PD where meds fluctuate in effectiveness and you get freezing?
On/off phenomenon
What can be done to combat loss of effectiveness of PD drugs?
Take a drug holiday
Proteins implicated in AD
- amyloid plaques (accumulate extracellularly)
- tau (accumulate intracellularly)
Area of the brain targeted first in AD
Hippocampus
What results from AD targeting the hippocampus first? (S/s)
- memory loss
- cognition loss
- executive function loss
What neuronal cell types are targeted first with AD?
Cholinergic
What structural changes occur in the brain with AD?
Widespread inflammation and death of cholinergic cells in the limbic system
Medication to treat AD inhibit this
ACH breakdown
General categories of treatment for AD
- behavioral management
- medication
- hormone replacement
- ginkgo biloba
Caution with ginkgo
Use cautiously in pts at risk for bleeding or on blood thinners
Pick’s dz is a type of
Frontotemporal dementia
Potential cause of Pick’s dz
Misfolded proteins (ubiquitin system)
What structural changes can occur in the brain with frontotemporal dementia?
Accumulation of misfolded proteins
What areas of the brain are targeted first with Lewy body dementia?
- BG
- brainstem
Which neuronal cell types are targeted first with Lewy body dementia?
Dopaminergic
What structural changes can occur in the brain with Lewy body dementia?
Marked inflammation and neuronal death in the BG and brainstem
General tx for Lewy body dementia
None discussed in class
Protein implicated with CTE
Tau
