Study Guide 6 Flashcards
What are the diagnostic tools for CNS disorders?
- Clinical exam
- CT
- MRI T1
- MRI T2
- Functional MRI
- PET scan
- EEG
Why would a CT be chosen over an MRI?
- faster than MRI
- better for bone, chest, abdomen, spine, pelvis, tumors
- better dx of hemorrhagic vs. occlusive CVA
FAST
CT uses:
Radiation
Both types of MRIs use:
Magnets and radio waves
How long do MRIs take?
30 mins
What are MRIs best for visualizing?
- soft tissue
- tendons
- joints
- ligaments
Types of MRI are different with this
Relaxation time
MRI T1 uses (relaxation time)
Longitudinal relaxation time
MRI T2 uses (relaxation time)
Transverse relaxation time
Which MRI is used with gadolinium contrast?
MRI T1
What does gadolinium contrast allow with an MRI T1?
- see vascular changes
- normal vessels
- disruption of BBB
Transverse relaxation time (T2) is good for:
- brain anatomy
- CSF spaces
- most brain lesions
- early hemorrhage
What does a functional MRI depend upon?
Blood oxygenation level
What does a functional MRI look at?
- functional activation of brain during tasks
- can be used in research
- track changes in ability to perform motor, visual, cognitive tasks
What does a PET scan visualize?
cellular activity via regional blood flow
PET scan is good for:
- organ function study
- regional density of some NTs
- can be used to look at functional brain activation
What does EEG look at?
Amplitude of transmissions
EEG is used to assess
- hearing
- coma functioning
- brainstem function
Brainstem auditory evoked potential
What does this look like: CSF, T1-weighted
Dark
What does this look like: CSF, T2-weighted
Bright
What does this look like: white matter, T1
Light
What does this look like: white matter, T2
Dark gray
What does this look like: cortex, T1
Gray
What does this look like: cortex, T2
Light gray
What does this look like: fat, T1
Bright
What does this look like: fat, T2
Light
What does this look like: inflammation, T1
Dark
What does this look like: inflammation, T2
Bright
What are the goals of pharmacological control of CNS damage/disorder?
- change production and uptake of NT
- selective interaction with NT receptors
- modulation of synthesis, release, reuptake, and degradation of NTs
- mediation of NT release by action at presynaptic receptors
