Screening 1 Flashcards
What do erythrocytes do for tissue?
- carry O2 to tissue
- take away CO2
Leukocytes are responsible for these (broad categories) responses
- inflammatory
- immune
What is the function of plasma?
- carries antibodies and nutrients to tissues
- removes wastes
These (from plasma) control clotting
- platelets
- coagulation factors
More common to have a (primary/secondary) hematological disease
Secondary
May often see neuro complications from this blood disorder as a PT
Pernicious anemia
Hematologic considerations for the orthopedic populations
- bleeding (hemostasis)
- clotting (hypo- or hypercoagulation disorders)
This type of pt requires close supervision
Ortho pts with hematological disorder
Often see hematological complications as a result of:
- use of NSAIDs for inflammatory conditions
- chemotherapy/radiation
In addition to bleeding problems, surgical pts also require this
If immobilized, also require observation for DVT
What are some s/s of hematological disorders you should pick up on?
- exaggerated response to minimal exercise
- neuro sx
- skin and fingernail bed changes
- easy bruising
- bleeding in skin, gums, or mucous membranes
- severe swelling, pain in joints
Exaggerated responses to minimal exercise
- dyspnea
- chest pain
- palpitations
- severe weakness
- fatigue
Neuro sx to pick up on with hematological disorders
- HA
- drowsiness
- dizziness
- syncope
- polyneuropathy
Skin and fingernail changes to pick up on with hematological disorders
- cyanosis
- clubbing
When is bleeding in skin, gums, or mucous membranes a potential red flag?
No report of trauma
Which of the s/s addressed is an extremely important, life threatening indicator of a bleeding disorder?
Severe swelling, pain in joints
Types of meds that commonly impact bleeding
- steroids
- NSAIDs
- chemotherapy/RA tx
Why are steroids and NSAIDs a concern with bleeding?
- Gastritis, peptic ulcer with bleeding
- resultant iron-deficiency anemia
Blood problems associated with chemotherapy and RA tx
- leukopenia
- thrombocytopenia
(Leukopenia/thrombocytopenia) is a common result of cancer tx
Leukopenia
Leukopenia commonly produces sx similar to
Infections
Leukopenia: common s/s
- fever
- chills
- tissue inflammation
- mucous membrane ulcerations
Thrombocytopenia is associated with:
- easy bruising
- spontaneous bleeding
