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8501 Clin Med > Study Guide 5 > Flashcards

Study Guide 5 Flashcards

1
Q

CNS disorders: What are the effects of aging?

A

Loss of

  • cells
  • efficiency
  • nerve conduction velocity

Decreased neurogenesis
Buildup of aggregates

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2
Q

Buildup of aggregates in the CNS can lead to

A

Inflammation

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3
Q

CNS disorders: What are the effects of insult to the limbic system?

A

Progressive emotional instability

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4
Q

CNS disorders: What are the effects of insult to the frontal lobe?

A
  • personality changes

- changes in executive function

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5
Q

Onset of metabolic and drug-induced comas

A
  • behavioral changes
  • decreased attention
  • decreased arousal
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6
Q

Onset of comas from space-occupying lesions

A
  • severe HA

- focal seizures

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7
Q

Pain response: metabolic or drug induced comas

A

Present and equal

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8
Q

Pain response: comas from space-occupying lesions

A

May be different on each side

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9
Q

Reflexes: metabolic or drug induced comas

A
  • intact DTRs

- equal responses

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10
Q

Reflexes: comas from space-occupying lesions

A
  • DTRs may be unequal

- positive Babinski

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11
Q

Positive Babinski indicates:

A

UMN lesion

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12
Q

Pupillary reaction: metabolic or drug-induced coma

A

Bilateral normal response

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13
Q

Pupillary reaction: comas from space-occupying lesions

A

May be unequal

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14
Q

Size of pupil: metabolic or drug-induced coma

A
  • may be midpoint with anticholinergic
  • pinpoint from opiates
  • dilated from anoxia
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15
Q

Size of pupil: comas from space-occupying lesions (midbrain lesion)

A

Midpoint

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16
Q

Size of pupil: comas from space-occupying lesions (pons lesion)

A

Pinpoint

17
Q

Size of pupil: comas from space-occupying lesions (herniation to brainstem)

A

Large

18
Q

Corneal reflex: metabolic or drug-induced coma

A
  • bilateral

- intact

19
Q

Corneal reflex: comas from space-occupying lesions

A
  • unequal

- may be absent

20
Q

Eye movement: metabolic or drug-induced coma

A
  • spontaneous movement without intention

- no reaction to VOR

21
Q

Eye movement: comas from space-occupying lesions

A

May have paresis of lateral gaze with CN III compression

22
Q

Decorticating or decerebrate posturing: metabolic or drug induced comas

A
  • absent

- movement is normal

23
Q

Decorticating or decerebrate posturing: comas from space-occupying lesions

A

Posturing may be present depending on level of lesion

24
Q

Extremity movement: metabolic or drug-induced coma

A

Equal movement on both sides

25
Q

Extremity movement: comas from space-occupying lesions

A

Paresis may be unilateral

8501 Clin Med (102 decks)

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