Infectious Disease 5

Question 1

Specific types of bacterial diseases

Answer 1

• Clostridium dificile
• Staphylococcal infections
• Group A streptococci
• Group B streptococci
• Gas gangrene (Clostridial myonecrosis)
• Pseudomonas aeroginosa

Question 2

prevalence of clostridium dificile

Answer 2

~200/100,000 people

Question 3

Why is clostridium dificile more prevalent in hospitals?

Answer 3

high rate of antibiotic use in hospitals

Question 4

transmission of c-diff

Answer 4

• fecal-oral

- contaminated environment

Question 5

c-diff and alcohol based hand sanitizers

Answer 5

not effective

Question 6

What increases the risk of a c-diff infection?

Answer 6

• age

- GERD tx

Question 7

GERD tx

Answer 7

• H2 receptor blocker

- proton pump inhibitors

Question 8

How does a c-diff infection happen in the body?

Answer 8

overgrowth of c-diff bacteria when other intestinal flora are destroyed

Question 9

tx for c-diff

Answer 9

• fecal transplants

- Flagyl

Question 10

Flagyl is effective against these types of bacteria

Answer 10

anaerobic

Question 11

Examples of staphylococcal infections

Answer 11

• S. aureus

- S. epidermis

Question 12

Staphylococcal infections are spread via

Answer 12

• direct contact

- multiple predisposing factors

Question 13

results of a staphylococcal infection

Answer 13

• infection
• suppuration
• abscess
• infective syndromes

Question 14

tx for MRSA, VISA

Answer 14

vancomycin

Question 15

tx for VRSA

Answer 15

• daptomycin

- linezolid

Question 16

Examples of group A streptococci

Answer 16

• GAS

- S. pyogenes

Question 17

group A streptococci spread by

Answer 17

• droplets

- direct contact

Question 18

Group A streptococci include multiple diseases such as:

Answer 18

necrotizing fasciitis

Question 19

Example of a group B streptococci

Answer 19

S. agalactiae

Question 20

leading causes of group B streptococci infections

Answer 20

• pneumonia
• meningitis
• sepsis

Question 21

Group B streptococci and women

Answer 21

• part of normal vaginal flora

- found in 30% of women

Question 22

tx of gas gangrene (aka clostridial myonecrosis)

Answer 22

• debridement and excision of necrotic tissue
• IV antibiotics
• possible HBO therapy

Question 23

Major opportunistic pathogen and one of the most common nosocomial infections

Answer 23

pseudomonas aeruginosa

Question 24

How is pseudomonas spread?

Answer 24

• contact

- not common in community-acquired infections

Question 25

Where are pseudomonas aeruginosa pathogens found?

Answer 25

• moist areas (sinks)
• healthcare workers’ hands
• fingernails

Question 26

Pseudomonas: common conditions where it’s found

Answer 26

• pneumonia
• wounds
• UTI
• sepsis
• chronic lung disease

Question 27

local pseudomonas infection mgmt

Answer 27

fairly easy to manage

Question 28

Septicemia mgmt

Answer 28

high mortality rate

Question 29

Characteristic features of a pseudomonas infection

Answer 29

• sweet odor

- light green tinge to wound