Pharm 5 Flashcards
What are the classes of sedative-hypnotic drugs?
- benzodiazepines
- non-benzodiazepines (barbiturates)
- non-benzodiazepines (sedative hypnotics)
- other nonbenzodiazepines
Sedative hypnotic drugs:
Benzodiazepines
- Halcion
- Restoril
Sedative hypnotic drugs:
Non-benzodiazepines (barbiturates)
- Luminal/phenobarbital
- Nembutal/pentobarbital
- Seconal/secobarbital
Sedative hypnotic drugs:
Non-benzodiazepines sedative hypnotics
- Ambien
- Sonata
- Lunesta
- Rozerem
Sedative hypnotic drugs:
Other non-benzodiazepines
Tylenol
Advil PM
Benadryl
Nyquil
Etc.
Anti-anxiety drugs: classes
- benzodiazepines
- antidepressants
Anti-anxiety drugs:
Benzodiazepines
- Valium
- Xanax
- Ativan
Anti-anxiety drugs:
Antidepressants
- Cymbalta
- Lexapro
- Paxil
- Zoloft
- Effexor
- XR
Which drug classes are used as anti-seizure drugs?
- Barbiturates
- Benzodiazepines
- Hydantoins
- Iminostilbenes
- Succinimides
- Valproates
Which benzodiazepines are helpful for acute status epilepticus (not long term)?
- Valium
- Ativan
Anti-seizure drugs:
Hydantoins - off-label use
Neuropathic pain
Anti-seizure drugs:
Hydantoins - adverse effects
- cerebellar signs
- gingival hyperplasia
Anti-seizure drugs: How do iminostilbenes work?
By slowing recovery of Na+ channels from firing too rapidly
Anti-seizure drugs:
Iminostilbenes - adverse effects
issues with salt imbalances
- water retention
- antidiuretic hormone release
- cardiac arrhythmias
- CHF
Anti-seizure drugs: example of a succinimide drug
Zarontin
In addition to seizures, valproate are also used to treat
BP
This drug class is used to treat absence seizures
Succinimides (Zarontin)
What are 2nd generation anti-seizure drugs?
Used as an add-on to first gen drugs (“specialty drugs”)
Which are the two second generation anti-seizure drugs?
- gabapentin
- lyrica
Adverse effects of gabapentin (and other anti-anxiety drugs)
- sedation
- fatigue
- dizziness
- ataxia
Adverse effects of lyrica
- dizziness
- drowsiness
- peripheral edema
How does Lyrica cause peripheral edema?
Inhibition of Ca2+ channels
What is the 2nd gen anti-seizure drug, Lyrica, used for?
Chronic pain
- fibromyalgia
- diabetic peripheral neuropathy
- post-herpetic neuralgia
