VERBS - Greek Flashcards
ῐ̔́στημῐ
εἱστήκει
ἕστηκεν
sistō
STAND
to make to stand, to stand, to set.
I set on the balance.
I weight on the balance.
To stand before the (judges) of the Sanhedrin
From Proto-Indo-European *stísteh₂-, the reduplicated present of *steh₂-. Cognates include... Old English standan (English stand), Sanskrit तिष्ठति (tiṣṭhati) (root √sthā), Latin stō, sistō, sistere.
Proto-Indo-European/ steh₂-
To stand up.
*stéh₂yeti - to be standing.
Latin - sistō
From Proto-Italic *sistō, from Proto-Indo-European *stísteh₂ti, from the root *steh₂- (“stand”). Related to stō (“stand, be stood”), from the same root, with which sistō shares its perfect and supine forms.
Cognates include Ancient Greek ἵστημι (hístēmi).
πηγαίνω
COME - GO
To go
πηγαίνω στο πάρκο.
I am going to the park.
στέλλω
Stems στελ-, σταλ-, στολ-.
TO SET - TO SEND
To set. To send. To arrange. To equip. To clothe. To gather up. To prepare.
στέλλω • (stéllō)
I make ready, prepare; I furnish, dress.
I dispatch, send; (middle, passive) I set out, journey.
I set forth, prepare to go.
I gather up; I furl a sail.
Σας έστειλα στο κατάστημα.
I sent you to the store.
From στέλλω (stéllō, “to clothe”) + -η (-ē).
from *stel- (related to στέλλω (stéllō, “I set, arrange”)
From διαστέλλω (diastéllō) + -η (-ē, abstract noun suffix), from διά (diá, “apart”) + στέλλω (stéllō, “send”).
From Proto-Hellenic *stéľľō, from Proto-Indo-European *stel- (“to set”).
I make ready, prepare; I furnish, dress. Examples. (arraying) his comrades and urging them to fight. (I will rig) a swift ship and myself be your companion. (Put) linen clothes on your body then. the best-(equipped) army. Periander (set out) to Corcyra. Tydeus (were readying) for pursuit...
στολή = noun
Equipment.
στήλη • (stḗlē) f (genitive στήλης); first declension
An upright stone or slab
A post, a pillar, a column
An engraved stone; a monument, particularly tombstones or boundary markers.
I dispatch, send; (middle, passive) I set out, journey.
(active intransitive in passive sense) I set forth, prepare to go.
I summon, fetch.
I gather up; I furl a sail.
βάζω
βάλτε
έβαλε
TO PUT ON A PLACE.
To put, to place, to put on the…
βάλτε το στο τραπέζι.
Put it on the table.
John put the ball on the chair.
O Γιάννης βάζει την μπάλα στην καρέκλα.
John set the table.
O Γιάννης έβαλε το τραπέζι.
έβαλε • (évale)
3rd person singular simple past of βάζω (vázo)
τοπο τόπος τοποθετώ τοποθέτηση εντοπίστε
TO PLACE THERE - TOPOGRAPHY
Topography
To place it over there. To position it.
εντοπίστε τη χώρα.
Locate the country.
τόπος - noun
Locus, location of an object. To place.
θέση - noun
Position, place, site, post, status, seat.
John placed the ball on the chair.
Ο Γιάννης τοποθετούσε την μπάλα στην καρέκλα.
τόπος • (tópos) m (plural τόποι) place, location, locality country native land home town space, room (occupied by something) soil, land (mathematics) locus (set of points)
περπάτησε
WALK AROUND - PERPETUAL
Perpetual
Walked.
John walked to the park.
Ο Γιάννης περπάτησε στο πάρκο.
ἔρχομαι
ἐρχόμενον
ἐρχόμενος
ἔρχεται
TO COME - ARRIVE
I come,
to come from one place into another
Greek: έρχομαι (érchomai, “to come”)
έρχομαι στο πάρκο.
I am coming to the park.
Antonym = leave, go away
ἀπέρχομαι (apérkhomai, “depart from”)
ἰσέρχομαι (eisérkhomai, “come in”)
ἐπέρχομαι (epérkhomai, “come upon, attack”)
κατέρχομαι (katérkhomai, “go down; return from exile”)
προσέρχομαι (prosérkhomai, “come”)
Come toward. Come with a purpose.
συνέρχομαι (sunérkhomai, “come together with others; start fighting”)
ἐλθὼν
I CAME
V-APA-NMS
I came.
ὅπως κἀγὼ ἐλθὼν προσκυνήσω αὐτῷ
that I may come and worship
ἦλθεν
ήρθα
ήρθε
ήρθες
HE CAME, HAD ARRIVED
V-AIA-3S
ἦλθεν γὰρ Ἰωάννης
For John came neither eating
ήρθε για δείπνο.
He came for dinner.
θα έρθετε για δείπνο;
Will you come for dinner?
κατέλαβεν
GRASP - SEIZE - COMPREHEND
V-AIA-3S
(a) I seize tight hold of, arrest, catch, capture, appropriate, (b) I overtake, (c) mid. aor: I perceived, comprehended.
σκοτία
darkness; fig: spiritual darkness.
Cognate: 4653 skotía (a feminine noun) – darkness, a brand of moral, spiritual obscurity (i.e. which blocks the light of God when faith is lacking). See also 4655 /skótos (“darkness”).
καταλαμβάνω
ACTIVELY ACQUIRE
2638 katalambánō (from 2596 /katá, “down, according to,” which intensifies 2983 /lambánō, “aggressively take”) – properly, take hold of exactly, with decisive initiative (eager self-interest); to grasp something in a forceful (firm) manner; (figuratively) to apprehend (comprehend), “making it one’s own.”
σκοτία
darkness; fig: spiritual darkness.
Cognate: 4653 skotía (a feminine noun) – darkness, a brand of moral, spiritual obscurity (i.e. which blocks the light of God when faith is lacking). See also 4655 /skótos (“darkness”).
λαμβάνω
SEIZE - TAKE HOLD - TO GRASP
(a) I receive, get, (b) I take, lay hold of.
2983 lambánō (from the primitive root, lab-, meaning “actively lay hold of to take or receive,” see NAS dictionary) – properly, to lay hold by aggressively (actively) accepting what is available (offered). 2983 /lambánō (“accept with initiative”) emphasizes the volition (assertiveness) of the receiver.
σκοτία
darkness; fig: spiritual darkness.
Cognate: 4653 skotía (a feminine noun) – darkness, a brand of moral, spiritual obscurity (i.e. which blocks the light of God when faith is lacking). See also 4655 /skótos (“darkness”).
φαίνω
APPEAR - ILLUMINATE
I Short Definition: I shine, appear, seem
Definition: (a) act: I shine, shed light, (b) pass: I shine, become visible, appear, (c) I become clear, appear, seem, show myself as.
to bring forth into the light, cause to shine; to show.
to shine, be bright or resplendent:
to become evident, to be brought forth into light, come to view, appear:
to meet the eyes, strike the sight, become clear or manifest,
to appear to the mind, seem to one’s judgment or opinion:
Prolongation for the base of phos; to lighten (shine), i.e. Show (transitive or intransitive, literal or figurative) – appear, seem, be seen, shine, X think.
ανοίγω
OPEN
V-AIA-3S
make something accessible: open, undo, unbolt, unzips
πότε ανοίγει; ― póte anoígei? ― when does it open?
κλείνω
CLOSE
κλείνω • (kleíno)
simple past έκλεισα
passive κλείνομαι
(transitive) close, shut, close off
Κλείνω την πόρτα. ― I close the door.
ανάβω
άναψα
ανάβομαι
TURN ON - IGNITE - SWITCH ON
ανάβωw • (anávo)
simple past άναψα
passive ανάβομαι
light, switch on ignite, set alight, set on fire infuriate (transitive, figuratively) arouse (sexually) (figuratively) excite, arouse
αγκαζάρω
αγκαζάρισα
RESERVE - BOOK - SET
Reserve, Book, Set Aside
αγκαζάρω • (agkazáro) (simple past αγκαζάρισα)
reserve, book set aside (theatre seat, restaurant table, etc)
Αγκαζάρισα δύο εισιτήρια του.
I have booked two tickets for the theatre.
commit, make a commitment
hire, engage (taxi, workmen)
Αγκαζάρισα ένα ταξί. ― I hired a taxi.
αγκαζέ
RESERVE - ENGAGE
reserved, booked
occupied, engaged
arm in arm
αγκαζέ • (agkazé) (indeclinable)
Related terms Edit
see: αγκαζάρω (agkazáro, “to reserve, to book, to engage”)
Adverb Edit
αγκαζέ • (agkazé)
arm in arm
κλείω
SHUT - CLOSE
Shut
Close
Enclose
κλείω • (kleíō)
shut, close, bar (e.g. the door)
enclose, shut in
κᾰλέω
κληθήσῃ
ἐκάλεσα
κεκληκώς
CALL - SUMMON - INVITE
κᾰλέω • (kaléō)
I call, summon I invite I invoke (law) I summon, sue I demand, require I call by name (passive) I am called, I am
From Proto-Indo-European *kl̥h₁- *kelh₁- + -έω (-éō).
Cognates include Old English hlōwan and English low (verb);
Latin calō, clāmō, clārus, classis, and concilium;
Old Irish cailech;
Old Armenian աքաղաղ (akʿałał).
Proto-Indo-European / kelh₁-
to call, cry, summon
Latin: clāmō (“to shout”)
Latin: clamare
To invoke or implore.
English - Claim - Call
English - Invoke
From Middle English *invoken, envoken, borrowed from Old French envoquer, from Latin invocāre (“to call upon”), itself from in- + vocare (“to call”). Doublet of invocate.
(transitive) To call upon (a person, especially a god) for help, assistance or guidance.
in-
from Old English in- (“in, into”, prefix)
vocare
(transitive, archaic) to call, name; to invoke.
Latin - vōx (“voice, speech”).
vocō (present infinitive vocāre, perfect active vocāvī, supine vocātum); first conjugation
(transitive) I call, summon, beckon (with one’s voice).
(transitive, by extension) I invoke, call upon (a person, especially a god)
(transitive, by extension) I summon, convene, call together.
Latin - vox
From Proto-Italic *wōks, from Proto-Indo-European *wṓkʷs (“speech, voice”) (with stem vōc- for voqu- from the nominative case), an o-grade root noun of *wekʷ- (“to speak”). Cognates include Sanskrit वाच् (vā́c) and Ancient Greek ὄψ (óps).
Greek - ὄψ
From Proto-Hellenic *wókʷs, from Proto-Indo-European *wṓkʷs. Related to ἔπος (épos) and εἰπεῖν (eipeîn). Cognates include Latin vōx, Sanskrit वाच् (vā́c), and Tocharian A wak.
ὄψ • (óps) f (genitive ὀπός); third declension
(poetic) voice
Homer, Iliad 16.76
(poetic) word
Homer, Iliad 7.53
ἐκκλησία
From ἔκκλητος (ékklētos, “summoned”) + -ῐ́ᾱ (-íā, abstract noun suffix), from ἐκκαλέω (ekkaléō, “to call forth, summon”), from ἐκ (ek) + καλέω (kaléō). The τ (t) changes to σ (s) by palatalization and assibilation, triggered by the following ι (i).
ἐξ (ex) – before a vowel
ἐγ (eg) – before β, δ, λ, μ
From Proto-Indo-European *eḱs (“out of”), *eǵʰs, *h₁eǵʰs. Cognates include Latin ex,
καλέω
From Proto-Indo-European *kl̥h₁-, zero-grade of *kelh₁- + -έω (-éō).
-ῐ́ᾱ • (-íā) f (genitive -ῐ́ᾱς); first declension
Added to stems of adjectives, or rarely to the stems of verbs, to form feminine abstract nouns
τρέχω
τρέξιμο
RUN
πετώ
PITCH
THROW AWAY - TOSS - CAST OFF
fly, throw, cast off, cast, chuck, fleet
φεύγω
TO LEAVE - GO AWAY - TO FLEE
I’m leaving
To flee
To go away
σπεύδω
SPEED
HURRY - SCURRY AWAY - HASTEN
Scurry away, hasten, rush, hurry, hasten
τραβώ
PULL
Haul
Troll
σέρνω
DRAG
σπρώχνω
PUSH
αρπάζω
GRAB
APREHEND
νομίζω
THINK
Think, guess, reckon.
From νόμος (nómos, “custom”) + -ίζω (-ízō, denominative verb suffix).
νόμος • (nómos) m (genitive νόμου); second declension
custom
law, ordinance.
Coptic - ⲛⲟⲙⲟⲥ (nomos) m (plural identical to singular)
law
(Christianity) Law, Pentateuch.
Pentateuch
From Ancient Greek πεντάτευχος (pentáteukhos), from Ancient Greek πέντε (pénte, “five”) + τεῦχος (teûkhos, “tool, scroll, book”).
The Torah: the first five books of the Bible: Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, and Deuteronomy.
___________________________
-ῐ́ζω • (-ízō)
Used to form verbs from nouns, adjectives and other verbs.
βλέπω
SEE
see, view, look, behold, sight, perceive
καταλαβαίνω
DEEPLY COMPREHEND
Understand, I see what you mean, I get it.
ακούω
HEAR
I hear, listen.
αισθάνομαι
αίσθηση
FEEL
Feel, I sense, I feel pain.
βόλτα
WALK
walk, stroll, drive, ride, turn
κάνω μια βόλτα or πάω βόλτα
I go for a walk (or drive)
βόλτα • (vólta) f (plural βόλτες)
ιππεύω
ιππασία
RIDE
Ride, riding, mount, prance.
Horseback riding
υπερήφανος
PROUD - PRIDEFUL - UPISH - PRANCE
(of a horse) move with high springy steps.
the pony was prancing around the paddock
αναπηδώ
BOUNCE
πηδώ • (pidó)
less frequent variant of πηδάω (pidáo)
πηδάω • (pidáo) / πηδώ (past πήδηξα/πήδησα, passive πηδιέμαι, p‑past πηδήχτηκα/πηδήθηκα, ppp πηδηγμένος/πηδημένος)
(intransitive) jump, leap (all senses)
Πήδηξα στη θάλασσα.
Pídixa sti thálassa.
I jumped into the sea.
(figuratively, colloquial, vulgar, transitive) fuck, screw, shag, bang (have sexual intercourse)
Έπαιζε την καλή γυναίκα ενώ πηδούσε τον άλλον.
Épaize tin kalí gynaíka enó pidoúse ton állon.
She pretended to be a good wife while fucking the other guy.
(figuratively, transitive) skip over, omit (in writing, etc, due to time constraint)
Με την τρεχάλα, πήδηξε δύο παραγράφους.
Me tin trechála, pídixe dýo paragráfous.
In his haste, he skipped over two paragraphs.
(figuratively, transitive) skip, jump ahead (a class or level in school due to exceptional ability)
Πήδηξε κατευθείαν από την τρίτη στην πέμπτη.
Pídixe kateftheían apó tin tríti stin pémpti.
She skipped directly from third grade to fifth grade.
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SYNONYM
σαλτάρω • (saltáro) (past σάλταρα/σαλτάρισα, passive —)
jump
(slang) go crazy, go mad, flip
Conjugation
σαλτάρω (active forms only plus passive perfect participle)
Related terms Edit
ρεσάλτο n (resálto)
σαλταδόρος m (saltadóros)
σαλτάρισμα n (saltárisma, “jump; going crazy”)
σαλταρισμένος (saltarisménos, participle)
σάλτο n (sálto, “jump”)
κρατώ
Κρατήστε
HOLD - KEEP
To hold, keep, hold, retain, detain, intern, carry
κατέχω
OWN - INTENSIVE HAVE
Possess, have, own, occupy, master.
κτώμαι
ACQUIRE
To gain, acquire.
βαίνω
βάσις
veniō
GOING THERE - STEP BY STEP
I’m going
βαίνω • (baínō)
Latin - veniō
(intransitive) to go, step, move on foot
(transitive) to mount (a chariot)
(intransitive) to depart, go away
(euphemistic) to die
perfect βέβηκα (bébēka): (intransitive) to stand, be somewhere
βάσις, εως, ἡ Part of Speech: Noun, Feminine Transliteration: basis Phonetic Spelling: (bas'-ece) Short Definition: the foot Definition: a step; hence: a foot.
- that with which one steps, the foot.
συμβαίνω
COME TOGETHER
to come together,
come to an agreement,
come to terms
συν- (syn - “with”) +
βαίνω (vainō, “to come, go”)
To meet, have a meeting
to stand with the feet together
to stand with or beside, so as to assist
ἑώρακεν
ὁράω
BE AWARE - DISCERN
Has seen.
I see, look upon, experience, perceive, discern, beware.
3708 horáō – properly, see, often with metaphorical meaning: “to see with the mind” (i.e. spiritually see), i.e. perceive (with inward spiritual perception).
[The aorist form (eidon), is discussed at 1492 /eídō, “see.” The future tense, and middle-passive form, are discussed under 3700 /optánomai, “see.”]
οἶδα
SEE WITH MINDS EYE
I GET IT.
IMAGINE,
I SEE WHAT YOU MEAN.
I know, remember, appreciate.
1492 eídō (oida) – properly, to see with physical eyes (cf. Ro 1:11), as it naturally bridges to the metaphorical sense: perceiving (“mentally seeing”). This is akin to the expressions: “I see what You mean”; “I see what you are saying.”
1492 /eídō (“seeing that becomes knowing”) then is a gateway to grasp spiritual truth (reality) from a physical plane. 1492 (eídō) then is physical seeing (sight) which should be the constant bridge to mental and spiritual seeing (comprehension).
ἀπεκρίθη
TO ANSWER - JUDGE THE DEBATE
He answered
A Judgement- Sentence.
from apo and krinó
His answer was the discerning reply to the question.
ἀπό
of the separation of apart from the whole; where of a whole some part is taken:
krínō to separate (distinguish), i.e. judge; come to a choice (decision, judgment) by making a judgment – either positive (a verdict in favor of) or negative (which rejects or condemns).
comments that “the proper meaning of 2919 (krínō) is to pick out (choose) by separating”
κρίνω
JUDGE - DISCERN
Discern
I judge, decide, think good
Definition: (a) I judge, whether in a law-court or privately: sometimes with cognate nouns emphasizing the notion of the verb, (b) I decide, I think (it) good.
2919 krínō – properly, to separate (distinguish), i.e. judge; come to a choice (decision, judgment) by making a judgment – either positive (a verdict in favor of) or negative (which rejects or condemns).
comments that “the proper meaning of 2919 (krínō) is to pick out (choose) by separating”
δίδωμι
TO GIVE
I offer, give; I put, place.
δίδωμι • (dídōmi)
I give, present, offer
I grant, allow, permit
ἐδόθη
WAS GVEN HIM
V-AIP-3S
to give. ἐδόθη, aorist passive indicative 3 sg.
ἑώρακεν
THEY HAD SEEN
V-RIA-3P
ὁράω
I AM AWARE - SEE
ὁράω Part of Speech: Verb Transliteration: horaó Phonetic Spelling: (hor-ah'-o) Definition: to see, perceive, attend to Usage: I see, look upon, experience, perceive, discern, beware.
———————————
metaphorical meaning: “to see with the mind” (i.e. spiritually see), i.e. perceive (with inward spiritual perception).
_________________________
Christ, i. e. to have seen him exhibiting proofs of his divinity and Messiahship,
__________________________
to see with the mind, to perceive, know:
to look at or upon, observe, give attention to
the father (a metaphorical expression borrowed from sons, who learn what they see their fathers doing)
___________________________
Christ is said to deliver to men ἅ ἑώρακεν, the things which he has seen, i. e. which he learned in his heavenly state with God before the incarnation, i. e. things divine, the counsels of God, John 3:11, 32; ἑωρακέναι Θεόν, to know God’s will, 3 John 1:11; from the contact and influence of Christ to have come to see (know) God’s majesty, saving purposes, and will
_________________________
in an emphatic sense, of Christ, who has an immediate and perfect knowledge of God without being taught by another, John 1:18; John 6:46; ὄψεσθαί Θεόν καθώς ἐστιν, of the knowledge of God that may be looked for in his future kingdom
_____________________
Christ, is used in reference to the apostles, about to perceive his invisible presence among them by his influence upon their souls through the Holy Spirit,
______________________
to see i. e. to become acquainted with by experience, to experience: ζωήν, equivalent to to become a partaker of
________________________
to take heed, beware
_______________________
S: ὁρᾶν, βλέπειν, both denote the physical act: ὁρᾶν in general, βλέπειν the single look; ὁρᾶν gives prominence to the discerning mind, βλέπειν to the particular mood or point. When the physical side recedes, ὁρᾶν denotes perception in general (as resulting principally from vision), the prominence in the word of the mental element being indicated by the construction of the accusative with an infinitive (in contrast with that of the participle required with βλέπειν), and by the absolute ὁρᾷς; βλέπειν on the other hand, when its physical side recedes, gets a purely outward sense, look (i. e. open, incline) toward
__________________________
————————————
I see, look upon, experience, perceive, discern, beware.
I’m watching
See with the mind
From earlier ϝοράω (woráō),
from Proto-Indo-European *wer- (“to note, sense”).
Cognate with οὖρος (oûros, “watcher, guardian”),
ὤρα (ṓra, “care, concern”),
Latin vereor (“fear”),
English aware (“vigilant, conscious”) and wary (“cautious of danger”).
Forms in ὀψ- (ops-), ὀπ- (op-) are from Proto-Indo-European *h₃ekʷ- (“to see”) (whence ὄψ (óps), ὄμμα (ómma)).
Forms in εἰδ- (eid-) are from Proto-Indo-European *weyd- (“to see”) (whence εἶδος (eîdos), ἵστωρ (hístōr)).
ὁράω • (horáō)
(intransitive) To look with the eyes [+ εἰς (accusative) = at something or someone]
(intransitive) To be able to see; (with negative) to be unable to see, to be blind
(copulative) To look a certain way [+accusative adjective or adverb]
Infinitive is added to an adjective, adverb, and so on to indicate that the description relates to sight: to see, to look at, to behold
δεινὸς ἰδεῖν
deinòs ideîn
horrible to look at
(transitive) To see, perceive, observe [+accusative and participle = someone doing something, that someone is doing something]
(transitive) To find out [+indirect question]
ὅρᾱ εἰ …
hórā ei …
see if/whether …
(transitive) To make sure [+infinitive = that …]
(intransitive and transitive, figuratively) To see with the mind, understand
ὁρᾷς; ὁρᾶτε;
horâis? horâte?
Do you see?
(transitive) To provide [+accusative and dative = something for someone]
Usage notes Edit
Along with a few others (λαβέ (labé), ἐλθέ (elthé), εὑρέ (heuré), εἰπέ (eipé)), the aorist imperative has an irregular accent: ἰδέ (idé) alongside ἴδε (íde). This is not the case in compounds, however.
ἐξηγέομαι
ἐξηγήσατο
ἐξηγησάμενος
EXPLAIN
Exegesis
I explain I interpret I decipher make declaration I lead, show the way; met: I unfold, narrate, declare.
i.e. explain (narrate) in a way that clarifies what is uppermost (has priority).
σκηνόω
σκήνωμα, ατος, τό
ἐσκήνωσεν
σκηνή, ῆς, ἡ
DWELL IN A TENT
I dwell as in a tent, encamp, have my tabernacle.
Cognate: 4637 skēnóō – properly, to pitch or live in a tent, “denoting much more than the mere general notion of dwelling” (M. Vincent). For the Christian, 4637 (skēnóō) is dwelling in intimate communion with the resurrected Christ – even as He who Himself lived in unbroken communion with the Father during the days of His flesh (Jn 1:14). See 4638 (skēnōma).
4638 skḗnōma – properly, a pitched tent (“tabernacle,” Ac 7:46); (figuratively) the physical body, serving as God’s vehicle (dwelling place) – i.e. as believers live as sojourner-travelers (“pilgrims”) with the Lord in this life, through faith (2 Pet 1:13,14).t
σκηνή, σκηνῆς, ἡ (from the root, ska ‘to cover’
that well known movable temple of God after the pattern of which the temple at Jerusalem was subsequently built
θέατρον, ου, τό
θεάομαι
ἐθεασάμεθα
THEATER
to behold, look upon, view attentively, contemplate
Cognate: 2302 théatron (the root of the English term, “theatre”) – a theatre; a place for public exhibition; (figuratively) the public display of putting someone “on exhibit” to be mocked at as a spectacle (cf. 1 Cor 4:9). See 2300 (theáomai).
2300 theáomai (from tháomai, “to gaze at a spectacle”) – properly, gaze on (contemplate) as a spectator; to observe intently, especially to interpret something (grasp its significance); to see (concentrate on) so as to significantly impact (influence) the viewer.
[2300 (theáomai) is the root of 2302 /théatron (“spectacle in a theatre”), the root of the English term, “theatre.”]
φωτίζω
φωτίζει
φωτίσαντος
TO ENLIGHTEN - TO SHINE LIGHT ON - THROW LIGHT ON
TO ILLUMINATE - TO BRING TO LIGHT - TO REVEAL
Cognate: 5461 phōtízō (from 5457 /phṓs, “light”) – properly, enlighten; (figuratively) God sharing His life, exposing and overcoming darkness – like the ignorance (prejudice) caused by sin. See 5457 (phōs).
bring to light (2), brought (1), enlightened (3), enlightens (1), illumine (1), illumined (2), illumines (1), light (1).
φωσφορίζω (fosforízo, “to phosphoresce”)
φωτεινός (foteinós, “bright, illuminated”)
φωτιά f (fotiá, “fire”)
φωτίζω (fotízo, “to shine, to throw light on”)
έτος φωτός n (étos fotós, “light year”)
Noun
φως • (fos) n (plural φώτα)
light
Noun φωτιά • (fotiá) f (plural φωτιές) fire flame, sparkle light (for cigarette, etc) Δεν έχω φωτιά. Den écho fotiá. I don't have a light.
Noun φάος • (pháos) n (genitive φᾰ́εος); third declension light, especially daylight the light of a torch, fire, a light of the light or time of day (poetic) the life of men a day the light of the eyes a window (figuratively or poetic) delight, deliverance, happiness, victory, glory, etc. the dark ring around the nipple, areola
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γνῷς (gnōs)
ἔγνω (egnō)
ἔγνως (egnōs)
γινώσκω
TO KNOW
to get acquainted with the knowledge…
The act of taking in knowledge…
To study, come to know, learn…
I ascertained, realized.
I Experience
1097 ginṓskō – properly, to know, especially through personal experience (first-hand acquaintance). 1097 /ginṓskō (“experientially know”) is used for example in Lk 1:34, “And Mary [a virgin] said to the angel, ‘How will this be since I do not know (1097 /ginṓskō = sexual intimacy) a man?’”
ἐξουσία, ας, ἡ
DELEGATED AUTHORITY - POWER
OUT FROM TRANSCENDENCE INTO BEING
Authority
Jurisdiction
Dominion
1849 eksousía (from 1537 /ek, “out from,” which intensifies 1510 /eimí, “to be, being as a right or privilege”) – authority, conferred power; delegated empowerment (“authorization”), operating in a designated jurisdiction.
In the NT, 1849 /eksousía (“delegated power”) refers to the authority God gives to His saints – authorizing them to act to the extent they are guided by faith (His revealed word).
γενέσθαι
BECAME
Became, To have become, come to pass
V-ANM
Verb-Aorist-Infinitive-Middle
εἶπον
SAID
λέγω
Λέγε
I SAY
3004 légō (originally, “lay down to sleep,” used later of “laying an argument to rest,” i.e. bringing a message to closure; see Curtius, Thayer) – properly, to say (speak), moving to a conclusion (bringing it to closure, “laying it to rest”).
ἐκεῖ
ἐκεῖνος
ἐκείνης
ἐκείνων
OVER THERE
Yonder
That - In that place - That there.
Thither
Of those
That thing - That one
ἀποστέλλω
ἀπέστειλαν
I SEND AWAY TO GO FORTH - ESTABLISH
I send forth, send (as a messenger, commission, etc.), send away, dismiss.
from apo and stelló
649 apostéllō (from 575 /apó, “away from” and 4724 /stéllō, “send”) – properly, send away, i.e. commission; (passive) “sent on a defined mission by a superior.”
As an intensification of 4724 /stéllō (“send”), 649 (apostéllō) focuses back to the source (the one sending), strongly connecting the sender to the one sent (His mission). This verb is used of closely connecting the Lord (the sender) to the believers He personally commissions – as with John the Baptist (Mk 11:2) and the twelve apostles (Mt 10:5; cf. also with His holy angels, Mk 13:27).
στέλλω
I SET - ARRANGE - ESTABLISH - STALL
I provide for, take care,
withdraw from,
hold aloof, avoid.
To arrange, prepare, gather up, hence to restrain.
to set, place, set in order, arrange; to fit out, to prepare, equip.
to prepare oneself, to fit out for oneself; to fit out for one’s own use.
to remove oneself withdraw oneself to depart.
avoid, withdraw self.
Probably strengthened from the base of histemi; properly, to set fast (“stall”), i.e. (figuratively) to repress (reflexively, abstain from associating with) – avoid, withdraw self.
Proto-Indo-European/ stel-
*stel-
to put, to place; to locate
αποστέλλω
(apostéllo, “to dispatch, to send”)
διαλοστέλνω (dialostélno, “(literally) I send to devil: I curse”)
ξαποστέλνω (xapostélno, “(literally) I send outside: I get rid of”)
αποστέλλω • (apostéllo) (simple past απέστειλα)
send, remit, ship, dispatch, consign.
From Ancient Greek ἀπό- (apó-) + στέλλω (stéllō, “to send”)
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ταχυδρομώ • (tachydromó) (simple past ταχυδρόμησα)
post (a letter)
Conjugation Edit
This verb needs an inflection-table template.
Related terms Edit
see: ταχυδρομείο n (tachydromeío, “post office”)
See also Edit
αποστέλλω (apostéllo, “send, ship”)
ἠρνήσατο
ἀρνήσῃ
ἀρνέομαι
ἀρνούμενος
Pἀρνέομαι
TO DENY - REPUDIATE
refuse
hence, contradict, refuse to affirm or to confess (identify with); disown (repudiate). See also 4716 /staurós (“cross”).
Original Word: ἀρνέομαι Part of Speech: Verb Transliteration: arneomai Phonetic Spelling: (ar-neh'-om-ahee) Definition: to deny, say no Usage: (a) I deny (a statement), (b) I repudiate (a person, or belief).
arnéomai – properly, deny (refuse); hence, contradict, refuse to affirm or to confess (identify with); disown (repudiate). See also 4716 /staurós (“cross”).
ἀρνουσθαι Ἰησοῦν is used of followers of Jesus who, for fear of death or persecution, deny that Jesus is their master, and desert his cause (to disown)
(ἀρνουσθαι τό ὄνομα αὐτοῦ, Revelation 3:8, means the same); and on the other hand, of Jesus, denying that one is his follower: Matthew 10:33; 2 Timothy 2:12.
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ἀρνέομαι Part of Speech: Verb Transliteration: arneomai Phonetic Spelling: (ar-neh'-om-ahee) Definition: to deny, say no Usage: (a) I deny (a statement), (b) I repudiate (a person, or belief).
720 arnéomai – properly, deny (refuse); hence, contradict, refuse to affirm or to confess (identify with); disown (repudiate). See also 4716 /staurós (“cross”).
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Original Word: παραδίδωμι
Part of Speech: Verb
Transliteration: paradidómi
Phonetic Spelling: (par-ad-id’-o-mee)
Definition: to hand over, to give or deliver over, to betray
Usage: I hand over, pledge, hand down, deliver, commit, commend, betray, abandon.
from para and didómi Original Word: δίδωμι Part of Speech: Verb Transliteration: didómi Phonetic Spelling: (did'-o-mee) Definition: to give Usage: I offer, give; I put, place.
paradídōmi (from 3844 /pará, “from close-beside” and 1325 /dídōmi, “give”) – properly, to give (turn) over; “hand over from,” i.e. to deliver over with a sense of close (personal) involvement.
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TO CRUCIFY
Original Word: σταυρός, οῦ, ὁ Part of Speech: Noun, Masculine Transliteration: stauros Phonetic Spelling: (stow-ros') Definition: an upright stake, a cross (the Rom. instrument of crucifixion)
4716 staurós – the crosspiece of a Roman cross; the cross-beam (Latin, patibulum) placed at the top of the vertical member to form a capital “T.” “This transverse beam was the one carried by the criminal” (Souter).
Christ was crucified on a literal Roman cross (4716 /staurós). 4716 /staurós (“cross”) is also used figuratively for the cross (sacrifice) each believer bears to be a true follower-of-Christ (Mt 10:38, 16:24, etc.).
The cross represents unspeakable pain, humiliation and suffering – and ironically is also the symbol of infinite love!
At the cross, Jesus won our salvation – which is free but certainly not cheap!
For more discussion on the untold suffering of Christ on the cross see 4717 /stauróō (“to crucify on a cross”).
[The “cross” (Mk 8:34) is not a symbol for suffering in general. Rather it refers to withstanding persecution (difficult times), by the Lord’s power, as He directs the circumstances of life. As Christ’s disciples, believers are to hold true – even when attacked by the ungodly.]
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Original Word: σταυρόω
Part of Speech: Verb
Transliteration: stauroó
Phonetic Spelling: (stow-ro’-o)
Definition: to fence with stakes, to crucify
Usage: I fix to the cross, crucify; fig: I destroy, mortify.
4717 stauróō – to crucify, literally used of the Romans crucifying Christ on a wooden cross. “Crucify” (4717 /stauróō) is also used figuratively of putting the old self to death by submitting all decisions (desires) to the Lord. This utterly and decisively rejects the decision to live independently from Him.
to fence with stakes, to crucify.
to fortify with driven stakes, to palisade.
metaphorically: τήν σάρκα, to crucify the flesh, destroy its power utterly (the nature of the figure implying that the destruction is attended with intense pain.
I have been crucified to something and it has been crucified to me, so that we are dead to each other all fellowship and contact between us has ceased.
ἐσταύρωσαν
have crucified
V-AIA-3P
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TO MOCK
Original Word: ἐμπαίζω Part of Speech: Verb Transliteration: empaizó Phonetic Spelling: (emp-aheed'-zo) Definition: to mock at Usage: I mock, ridicule.
empaízō (from 1722 /en, “in” and 3815 /paízō, “play”) – properly, to sport someone, mock (scoff).
paizó: to play as a child Original Word: παίζω Part of Speech: Verb Transliteration: paizó Phonetic Spelling: (paheed'-zo) Definition: to play as a child Usage: I play, sport (includes singing and dancing), play in the manner of children.
παίζω; from Homer down; properly, to play like a child; then universally, to play, sport, jest; to give way to hilarity, especially by joking, singing, dancing.
σταυρός
A STAKE - POLE - STAFF
an upright stake, hence a cross
4716 staurós – the crosspiece of a Roman cross; the cross-beam (Latin, patibulum) placed at the top of the vertical member to form a capital “T.” “This transverse beam was the one carried by the criminal” (Souter).
Christ was crucified on a literal Roman cross (4716 /staurós). 4716 /staurós (“cross”) is also used figuratively for the cross (sacrifice) each believer bears to be a true follower-of-Christ (Mt 10:38, 16:24, etc.). The cross represents unspeakable pain, humiliation and suffering – and ironically is also the symbol of infinite love! At the cross, Jesus won our salvation – which is free but certainly not cheap! For more discussion on the untold suffering of Christ on the cross see 4717 /stauróō (“to crucify on a cross”).
[The “cross” (Mk 8:34) is not a symbol for suffering in general. Rather it refers to withstanding persecution (difficult times), by the Lord’s power, as He directs the circumstances of life. As Christ’s disciples, believers are to hold true – even when attacked by the ungodly.]
σταυρόω
TO CRUCIFY
4717 stauróō – to crucify, literally used of the Romans crucifying Christ on a wooden cross. “Crucify” (4717 /stauróō)
is also used figuratively of putting the old self to death (corrupt ego-pathogen) by submitting all decisions (desires) to the Lord.
This utterly and decisively rejects the decision to live independently from Him.
To be an In-Law.
Not to be an Out-Law.
To act in accordance with the law.
Not to disobey the law.
ἐστὶν
IS
V-PI-3S
this indeed is the [one]
προφήτης
πρό - φημί
PROPHET - TRUTH CONFESSOR
a prophet, poet; a person gifted at expositing divine truth.
πρό
(of place) before, in front of,
(of time) before, earlier than.
φημί
I say, declare.
5346 phēmí (from phaō, “shine”) – properly, bring to light by asserting one statement (point of view) over another; to speak comparatively, i.e. making effective contrasts which illuminate (literally, “produce an epiphany”).
φημί; imperfect ἔφην;
from φάω, to bring forth into the light
hence (from Homer down) properly, to make known one’s thoughts, to declare; to say:
ἔφη, he said (once on a time)
Cognate: 4396 prophḗtēs
from pró, “beforehand”
and phēmí, “elevating/asserting one idea over another, especially through the spoken-word”
properly, one who speaks forth by the inspiration of God; a prophet.
See 4394 (prophēteia).
A prophet (4396 /prophḗtēs) declares the mind (message) of God, which sometimes predicts the future (foretelling) – and more commonly, speaks forth His message for a particular situation. 4396 /prophḗtēs (“a prophet”) then is someone inspired by God to foretell or tell-forth (forthtell) the Word of God.
ἔφη
HE HAS BEEN SAYING
V-II-3S
He has been saying…
φασίν
CLAIM - AFFIRM
V-PI-3P
φησι
He claimed to them.
V-PI-3S
πέμπω
πέμψασιν
ἔπεμψα
SEND
Send one to do something.
I send, transmit, permit to go, put forth.
κρίνω
ἀπόκρισις
ANSWER - JUDGEMENT
Answer (judicial)
I judge, whether in a law-court or privately: sometimes with cognate nouns emphasizing the notion of the verb,
I decide, I think (it) good.
ἀπόκρισις - a judicial answer. He answered.
2919 krínō – properly, to separate (distinguish), i.e. judge; come to a choice (decision, judgment) by making a judgment – either positive (a verdict in favor of) or negative (which rejects or condemns).
“the proper meaning of 2919 (krínō) is to pick out (choose) by separating”
krínō (“distinguish, judge”) typically refers to making a determination of right or wrong (innocence or guilt), especially on an official (legal) standard.
We only judge (2919 /krínō) accurately by intelligent comparison and contrast based on God’s word, i.e. to approve (prefer) what is correct and reject what is inferior (wrong).
[2919 (krínō) is used of “bringing to trial” (the trying of fact) in a court of law.
2919 (krinō) originally meant “separate.”
So Homer, of Ceres separating the grain from the chaff (Iliad, v, 501). Thence, ‘to distinguish, to pick out, to be of opinion, to judge’ “ (WS, 418).]
εὐθύνω
Εὐθύνατε
εὐθύς
MAKE STRAIGHT - GUIDE - RULE
Enthusiasm
I make straight (of the direction, not the surface, of a road),
I guide, steer.
Cognate: 2116 euthýnō – make straight, i.e. do immediately, without deviation or unnecessary delay. See 2117 (euthys).
εὐθύς (yoo-thoos’)
2117 euthýs – properly, straight, without unnecessary zig-zags (detours); upright (not crooked, bent); (figuratively) without delay; acting immediately, “straightway,” taking a direct path from “God’s point A” to “God’s point B” which avoids unnecessary delays (deviations).
properly, straight, level: of a way.
the straight, the right way, is figuratively used of true religion as a rule of life leading to its goal, i. e. to salvation.
straightforward, upright, true, sincere.
κύριος
ABSOLUTE OWNER
properly, a person exercising absolute ownership rights; lord (Lord).
He who has dominion over a thing.
He who controls a thing.
He who can defend a thing.
He who has legal title to a thing.
He who has enclosed a thing.
He who defined the attributes of a thing.
He who has claimed a thing in time.
He who first registered a thing.
He who limits the boundaries of a thing.
A path to exercising legitimate control.
Respect, acknowledgement and recognition by trustworthy officials in offices of fiduciary capacity that a unique individuals claim of dominion is true.
he to whom a person or thing belongs, about which he has the power of deciding; master, lord; used a. universally, of the possessor and disposer of a thing, the owner.
one who has control of the person, the master
(lord)
the sovereign, prince, chief.
From kuros (supremacy); supreme in authority, i.e. (as noun) controller; by implication, Master (as a respectful title) – God, Lord, master, Sir.
κύριος is a title of honor, expressive of respect and reverence, with which servants salute their master.
his followers salute Jesus as the Messiah, whose authority they acknowledge.
employed, too, by a son in addressing his father.
this title is given α. to God, the ruler of the universe .
to Jesus as the Messiah, since by his death he acquired a special ownership in mankind, and after his resurrection was exalted to a partnership in the divine administration.
εὕρηκα
εὑρίσκω
Εὑρήκαμεν
FIND
To find, eureka!
ἁμαρτάνω
ἁμαρτήσει
ἁμαρτία
MISTAKE - ERROR - TRANSGRESSION
NOT WITNESS
FAIL TO WITNESS
FAIL TO PROFESS - CONFESS
An error only becomes a mistake when one refuses to correct it.
Miss the mark, error, transgress, sin.
Mistake.
from a- “not” and -méros, “a part, share”
properly, having no share in; to sin, which always brings forfeiture – i.e. eternal loss due to missing God’s mark.
hamartía, 264 (hamartánō) is regularly used in ancient times of an archer missing the target
Every decision (action) done apart from faith (4102 /pístis) is sin.
‘If anyone convicts me of sin, then you may lawfully question the truth and divinity of my doctrine, for sin hinders the perception of truth’.
ἁμαρτία must be taken to mean neither error, nor craft by which Jesus is corrupting the people.
an offence of such gravity that a Christian lapses from the state of ζωή received from Christ into the state of θάνατος; in which he was before he became united to Christ by faith;
To err, be mistaken; lastly to miss or wander from the path of uprightness and honor, to do or go wrong.
properly, to be without a share in, namely, the mark.
αμαρτία
Fault, error, transgression.
αμαρτάνω (amartáno, “to sin”)
αμαρτωλός m (amartolós, “sinner”)
αμαρτωλή f (amartolí, “sinner”)
αμαρτωλότητα f (amartolótita, “sinfulness”)
ήμαρτον (ímarton, “sorry, mea culpa”)
παράπτωμα n (paráptoma, “misdeed, misdemeanour”)
From the Ancient Greek ἁμάρτημα (hamártēma, “a failure”, “a fault”, “a sin”; “a bodily defect”, “a malady”).
μέρος
A PART - PORTION
a part, portion, share.
a part due or assigned to one.
lot, destiny, assigned to one.
one of the constituent parts of a whole.
universally: in a context where the whole and its parts are distinguished,
that part of the Sanhedrin which consisted of Pharisees.
with the genitive of a province or country, the divisions or regions which make up the land or province.
ζάω
ALIVE
I live, am alive.
A legal person given life in law within the context of a legal system.
To have a legal identity recognized in law by administrative actors within a legal system.
A beneficiary to a trust.
An actors part (life) in a theatrical play.
An actors part in a legal drama.
2222 zōḗ – life (physical and spiritual). All life (2222 /zōḗ), throughout the universe, is derived – i.e. it always (only) comes from and is sustained by God’s self-existent life. The Lord intimately shares His gift of life with people, creating each in His image which gives all the capacity to know His eternal life.
Christ is living and operative in me, i. e. the holy mind and energy of Christ pervades and moves me.
through the power of God to live and be strong toward one (namely, in correcting and judging).
in the Messianic sense, to enjoy real life, i. e. to have true life and worthy of the name.
ζῆν denotes to live most happily in the enjoyment of the theocratic blessings.
χωρίς νόμου, without recognition of the law.
to devote, consecrate, life to one; so to live that life results in benefit to someone or to his cause: τῷ Θεῷ, Luke 20:38; Romans 6:10; Galatians 2:19 (4 Macc. 16:25); τῷ Χριστῷ, 2 Corinthians 5:15; that man is said ἑαυτῷ ζῆν who makes his own will his law, is his own master, Romans 14:7; 2 Corinthians 5:15; with the dative of the thing to which life is devoted: τῇ δικαιοσύνη, 1 Peter 2:24; πνεύματι, to be actuated by the Spirit, Galatians 5:25; κατά σάρκα, as the flesh dictates.
this phrase describing that characteristic of divine grace, in granting the pardon of sin and fellowship with God, which likens it to a way leading to the heavenly sanctuary). In the same manner the predicate ὁ ζῶν is applied to those things to which persons are compared who possess real life.
life, both of physical (present) and of spiritual (particularly future) existence.
záō – to live, experience God’s gift of life.
ζωή
ζωήν
ζωῆς
ζῶ
LIFE - INTELLIGENCE LIFE
ζωή ἦν καί ἡ ζωή ἦν τό φῶς τῶν ἀνθρώπων.
In him life was (comprehended), and the life (transfused from the Logos into created natures) was the light (i. e. the intelligence) of men (because the life of men is self-conscious, and thus a fountain of intelligence springs up.
ὁ λόγος τῆς ζωῆς
the Logos having life in itself and communicating it to others.
“a life active and vigorous, devoted to God, blessed, the portion even in this world of those who put their trust in Christ, but after the resurrection to be consummated by new accessions (among them a more perfect body), and to last forever”
τό πνεῦμα τῆς ζωῆς ἐν Χριστῷ Ἰησοῦ
the Spirit, the repository and imparter of life, and which is received by those united to Christ.
ἡ ζωή ἐφανερώθη
was manifested in Christ, clothed in flesh.
τό φῶς τῆς ζοης
the light illumined by which one arrives at life.
ἔχει ζωήν αἰώνιον
as meaning he has eternal life as his certain portion though as yet only in hope.
ψυχή
HEARD WORD - UNIQUE IDENTITY
5590 psyxḗ (from psyxō, “to breathe, blow” which is the root of the English words “psyche,” “psychology”) – soul (psyche); a person’s distinct identity (unique personhood), i.e. individual personality.
5590 (psyxē) corresponds exactly to the OT 5315 /phágō (“soul”). The soul is the direct aftermath of God breathing (blowing) His gift of life into a person, making them an ensouled being.
b. “the (human) soul in so far as it is so constituted that by the right use of the aids offered it by God it can attain its highest end and secure eternal blessedness, the soul regarded as a moral being designed for everlasting life”:
the soul as an essence which differs from the body and is not dissolved by death (distinguished from τό σῶμα.
φάγω
I EAT
I eat, partake of food; met: I devour, consume.
ἐσθίω
CONSUME - RAVENOUS
I eat, partake of food; met: I devour, consume (e.g. as rust does).
akin to edó (to eat).
ἐκ τοῦ ἱεροῦ
draw their support from the temple, i. e. from the sacrifices and offerings.
σῶμα
BODY - MATERIAL EXISTENCE
Body Life,
physical life,
of the body.
σῶμα • (sôma) n (genitive σώματος); third declension
body (both that of people and animals)
(Epic and often in other early works) dead body
One’s life in the physical world
That which is material (as opposed to spiritual)
person
An entire thing
ὀπτάνομαι
APPEARANCE
Definition: I appear, am seen (by), let myself be seen.
Cognate: 3700 optánomai (or optomai/optanō, likely a later cognate of 3708 /horáō) – become seen (appear). See 3708 (horaō).
to allow oneself to be seen, to appear.
ἄνθρωπος
MANS WILL- MANS LAWS
LEGAL IDENTITY - STRAW-MAN
ESTATE
THE MAN WHO IS MADE OUT OF WORDS.
A MAN BOUND BY LAW AND HIS PROMISES.
Sadly, If you don’t create a perfected legal claim, others will fill the gap and make up corruption and fill in the blanks for you. This is the paradox of law.
Also, Mans corruptions, Greek, deception, abuse of power, conceit, narcissism, theft, racketeering, etc.
Opposed to God’s will, which is first the gift of life, awareness, being. Then, that which is law without contradiction or corruption.
Legal Origin. ( of words- Logos )
Legal Identity.
Legal Enrollment (Estate)
Straw man.
Ones papers.
A Roman Citizen.
A man defined by law, born of a statute.
The “man” defined as the “beneficiary” of a ‘Trust’ having rights and obligations within the context of the Trust Instrument, being the Covenant, Charter, Constitution, Bylaws, Statutes or Codes.
The properties assigned by law to the “part” having received a “lot” through settlement by the Father as Settlor who defined his “Will” for the “Beneficiary” and “Trustees and Administrators” to adjudicate the terms of the Trust on behalf of the Beneficiary, (legal entity) who may be by way of incompetence, youth or incapacity, an infant or ward unable to manage their own affairs.
The flesh ( σάρξ ) must then “learn, adopt and serve” the (will of the father) as instructions, by becoming competent in exercising their obligations as defined by the trust deed.
ἄνθρωπος signifies father of a family, husband, son, servant.
σάρξ
σαρκός
FLESH - INSTINCT - UNAIDED BY WILL
Natural or physical origin.
Fleshly desires, bodily appetites.
Bodily passions - greed, lust, fear, wrath etc.
Unconstrained by law, rules and promises.
flesh (what is physical) is necessary for the body to live out the faith the Lord works.
4561 (sarks) is generally negative, referring to making decisions (actions) according to self – i.e. done apart from faith (independent from God’s inworking). Thus what is “of the flesh (carnal)” is by definition displeasing to the Lord – even things that seem “respectable!” In short, flesh generally relates to unaided human effort, i.e. decisions (actions) that originate from self or are empowered by self. This is carnal (“of the flesh”) and proceeds out of the untouched (unchanged) part of us – i.e. what is not transformed by God.
προσφέρειν τήν σάρκα μου
to offer in sacrifice my flesh.
σωφροσύνη
WISE, CHARACTER
Sophos (Wisdom)
Sophrosyne (Prudence)
Elpis (Hope)
Charis (Grace)
Fides (Trust-Reliability)
(Greek: σωφροσύνη) is an ancient Greek concept of an ideal of excellence of character and soundness of mind, which when combined in one well-balanced individual leads to other qualities, such as temperance, moderation, prudence, purity, and self-control. In other languages there is no equivalent word.
Πίστις
TRUST - LOYALTY TO LAW
PERSUASION
PERSUADED BY THE ARGUMENTS IN LAW
In Greek mythology, Pistis (Πίστις) was the personification of good faith, trust and reliability.
In Christianity and in the New Testament, Pistis is the word for “faith”.
The word is mentioned together with such other personifications as Elpis (Hope), Sophrosyne (Prudence), and the Charites, who were all associated with honesty and harmony among people.[1]
Her Roman equivalent was Fides, a personified concept significant in Roman culture.
ἐνθύμημα
enthumēma
enthymeme
syllogism
paradigm
BODY OF PROOF
The argument that proves ones position on the matter.
The evidence and the argument that explains it.
An enthymeme (Greek: ἐνθύμημα, enthumēma)
is a rhetorical syllogism
(a three-part deductive argument)
used in oratorical practice.
Originally theorized by Aristotle, there are four types of enthymeme, at least two of which are described in Aristotle’s work.[1]
Aristotle referred to the enthymeme as “the body of proof”, “the strongest of rhetorical proofs…a kind of syllogism” (Rhetoric I.I.3,11). He considered it to be one of two kinds of proof, the other of which was the paradeigma. Maxims, Aristotle thought to be a derivative of enthymemes. (Rhetoric II.XX.1)
στρέφω
στραφεὶς
ἔστρεψεν
I CHANGE MY MIND
I turn, am converted, change, change my direction.
To change from being guided by bodily passions, appetites and desires to becoming educated and guided by law, morality, ethics and wisdom and bound by ones promises, vows and oath.
4762 stréphō – properly, to turn (transition); (figuratively) to convert by changing (switching) direction, i.e. go the other way (an “about-face”); taking an opposite or divergent course. 4762 (stréphō) usually has a straightforward meaning (“turn”), graphically illustrating dynamic change (transitioning). See Mt 18:3 and Jn 12:40.
ἀκολουθέω
ἀκολουθοῦντας
Ἀκολούθει
I FOLLOW THE PATH SET FOR ME
I accompany, attend, follow.
walking the same road.
to follow one who precedes, join him as his attendant, accompany him:
to follow one in time, succeed one.
to join one as a disciple, become or be his disciple; side with his party.
From ἀκόλουθος (akólouthos) ,
(“following”) + -έω (-éō, verbal suffix)
ζητέω
ζητεῖτε
I SEEK - SEARCH - STRIVE - YEARN
I seek, search for, desire, require, demand.
2212 zētéō – properly, to seek by inquiring; to investigate to reach a binding (terminal) resolution; to search, “getting to the bottom of a matter.”
to seek (i. e. in order to find out) by thinking, meditating, reasoning; to inquire into.
δύναμαι
POWER - ABILITY - DYNAMIC
I am powerful, have (the) power, (b) I am able, I can.
to be able to do something.
to be able, capable, strong, powerful.
καταβαῖνον
DESCEND - STEP DOWN
go down, come down, either from the sky or from higher land, descend.
Come down from the perfection of Heaven to the imperfection of earth.
Tradition handed down in succession from wise elders to following generations.
the place from which one has come down being evident from the context.
to come down, as from the temple at Jerusalem, from the city of Jerusalem; also of celestial beings coming down to earth.
Come down from on high.
ἐρωτάω
ἠρώτησαν
ἐρωτήσωσιν
eromai, “ask”
I ASK A QUESTION - REQUEST - PETITION
I ask (a question), question, I request, make a request to, pray.
2065 erōtáō (from eromai, “ask”) – make an earnest request, especially by someone on “special footing,” i.e. in “preferred position.”
2065 /erōtáō (“to ask on special footing, intimacy”) requests from a “preferred position” (E. Abbot, Johannine Grammar, 467,8). Such requesting receives special consideration because of the special relationship involved.
ὁμολογέω
ὡμολόγησεν
homo = same lego = speak
PROFESS - AGREE - CONFESS - ASSENT
I agree. I promise. I confess the same.
3670 homologéō (from 3674 /homoú, “together” and 3004 /légō, “speak to a conclusion”) – properly, to voice the same conclusion, i.e. agree (“confess”); to profess (confess) because in full agreement; to align with (endorse).
ἠρνήσατο
ἀρνήσῃ
DENY - REBUKE
I denied. I do not agree. I think you are wrong. I am not constrained by a promise. I refuse to be bound.
not to accept, to reject, refuse, refute, rebuke.
abnegate, abjure.
720 arnéomai – properly, deny (refuse); hence, contradict, refuse to affirm or to confess (identify with); disown (repudiate).
See also 4716 /staurós (“cross”).
ἀρνουσθαι Ἰησοῦν is used of followers of Jesus who, for fear of death or persecution, deny that Jesus is their master, and desert his cause (to disown):
μέσος
IN THE MIDDLE
In the midst of…
middle, in the middle, between.
δοκέω
ESTEEM - REVERE - VALUE
This is what I think is valuable and right.
I think this is true, and seems correct.
I think, seem, appear, it seems.
In my opinion, this is without error.
My judgement is that this is true.
1380 dokéō – properly, suppose (what “seems to be”), forming an opinion (a personal judgment, estimate).
1380 /dokéō (“suppose”) directly reflects the personal perspective (values) of the person making the subjective judgment call, i.e. showing what they esteem (or not) as an individual.
[1380 (dokéō) is the root of: 1378 (dógma), 1391 (dóksa), and 2106 (eudokéō). Each cognate stresses “the subjective mental estimate or opinion about a matter” (R. Trench, 304).]
δόξα
GODS PERFECTED IDEAS
A PERFECTED MODEL OF SOCIETY
THE PERFECT EXAMPLE
Gods perfect thoughts are strong.
What evokes one’s good opinion.
opinion, judgment, view.
that which belongs to God; the kingly majesty which belongs to him as the supreme ruler.
the absolutely perfect inward or personal excellence of Christ.
honor, renown; glory, an especially divine quality, the unspoken manifestation of God, splendor.
1391 dóksa (from dokeō, “exercising personal opinion which determines value”) – glory. 1391 /dóksa (“glory”) corresponds to the OT word, kabo (OT 3519, “to be heavy”). Both terms convey God’s infinite, intrinsic worth (substance, essence).
[1391 (dóksa) literally means “what evokes good opinion, i.e. that something has inherent, intrinsic worth” (J. Thayer).]
to give or ascribe glory to God, why and how being evident in each case from the context: thus, by declaring one’s gratitude to God for a benefit received.
δόξα is a word of wide significance, ranging from one’s private opinion, fancy, to public opinion, repute, renown.
whose function of government reflects the majesty of the divine ruler.
“the glorious condition of blessedness into which it is appointed and promised that true Christians shall enter after their Saviour’s return from heaven”, which condition begins to be enjoyed even now through the devout contemplation of the divine majesty of Christ, and its influence upon those who contemplate it.
λαλέω
I TALK
I speak.
I say.
(I talk, chatter in classical Greek, but in NT a more dignified word) I speak, say.
μένω
μένωμένω
ἔμενον
ἔμεινα
ἔμεινεν
ABIDE - STAY - REMAIN
I remain, abide, stay loyal to…
stayed with them.
Remained with them.
wait, I wait for, await.
Sojourn with.
ἅγιος
ἅγια
ἅγιος
ἅγιος πνεῦμα (holy spirit)
Πνεῦμα
HOLY - SACRED
set apart by (or for) God, holy, sacred.
(hágios) means “likeness of nature with the Lord” because “different from the world.”
Set apart (different) from earthly desires.
As being different from bodily appetites.
In the world but not of the world.
/hágios (“holy”) has the “technical” meaning “different from the world” because “like the Lord.”
(hágios) implies something “set apart” and therefore “different (distinguished/distinct)”
worthy of veneration.
the most hallowed portion of the temple, ‘the holy of holies.
the object of faith) which came from God and is therefore to be heeded most sacredly.
of persons whose services God employs; as for example, apostles.
οἶδα
οἴδατε
εἰδῶ
ᾔδειν
εἰδῶμεν
SEEING BECOMES KNOWING
Seeing the law that becomes knowing the law.
be aware, behold, consider, perceive.
I know, remember, appreciate.
1492 eídō (oida) – properly, to see with physical eyes (cf. Ro 1:11), as it naturally bridges to the metaphorical sense: perceiving (“mentally seeing”). This is akin to the expressions: “I see what You mean”; “I see what you are saying.”
1492 /eídō (“seeing that becomes knowing”) then is a gateway to grasp spiritual truth (reality) from a physical plane. 1492 (eídō) then is physical seeing (sight) which should be the constant bridge to mental and spiritual seeing (comprehension).
ἄγω
ἀγάγῃ
ἠγάγετε
ἀγόμενα
TO LEAD - TO GUIDE
To lead away
I guide, carry away a sheep.
A map, a plan, a guide book to follow.
a. to lead by laying hold of, and in this way to bring to the point of destination:
b. to lead by accompanying to (into) any place
ἐμβλέπω
ἐν + βλέπω
PAY ATTENTION
I read the law carefully. Pay attention.
I consider and discern the law properly.
I look into (upon); met: I consider; I see clearly.
1689 emblépō (from 1722 /en, “engaged in” and 991 /blépō, “look”) – properly, stare (look) at with a “locked-in gaze”; look at in a sustained, concentrated way, i.e. with special “interest, love or concern”
(primarily physical), I look, see, perceive, discern.
991 blépō – properly, to see, be observant (watchful). 991 (blépō) suggests “to see something physical, with spiritual results (perception).” That is, it carries what is seen into the non-physical (immaterial) realm so a person can take the needed action (respond, beware, be alert).
ἐν
in, on, among.
1722 en (a preposition) – properly, in (inside, within); (figuratively) “in the realm (sphere) of,” as in the condition (state) in which something operates from the inside (within).
στρέφω
CONVERTED
I turn, am converted, change, change my direction.
I changed my mind.
4762 stréphō – properly, to turn (transition); (figuratively) to convert by changing (switching) direction, i.e. go the other way (an “about-face”); taking an opposite or divergent course. 4762 (stréphō) usually has a straightforward meaning (“turn”), graphically illustrating dynamic change (transitioning). See Mt 18:3 and Jn 12:40.
λαλέω
ἐλάλησα
λαλήσας
λαλεῖσθαι
λαλοῦντος
GIBBERISH
I talk, chatter in classical Greek, but in NT a more dignified word) I speak, say.
to emit a voice make oneself heard;
to utter or form words with the mouth, to speak.
ἑρμηνεύω. (her-mayn-yoo’-o)
Ἑρμῆς. Hermés. (her-mace’)
ἑρμηνευόμενος
ἑρμηνεύεται
EXPLANATION - EXEGESIS
Hermeneutics
(a) I translate, explain,
(b) I interpret the meaning of.
to explain in words, expound:
to interpret, i. e. to translate what has been spoken or written in a foreign tongue into the vernacular
(a) Hermes, the messenger and herald of the Greek gods, or rather the corresponding Lycaonian deity, (b) Hermes, a Roman Christian.
ξέρω
ήξερα
TO KNOW A FACT
To know a fact.
know of, be familiar with (a fact, a person or a language)
(transitive, with για) know someone as, know someone to be
γνωρίζω
TO BE AWARE OF…
γνωρίζω • (gnorízo) (simple past γνώρισα, passive γνωρίζομαι)
know (something), be aware
know (someone); get to know, meet
introduce, make acquaintance
αναγνωρίζω (anagnorízo, “to recognise”) Related terms γνώση f (gnósi, “knowledge”) γνωστός (gnostós, “known”) γνωστός m (gnostós, “acquaintance”) γνώστης m (gnóstis, “expert”) γνώστρια f (gnóstria, “expert”) See also Edit ξέρω (xéro, “to know a fact”)
ἑρμηνεύεται
μεθερμηνευόμενον
HERMENEUTICS - EXPLANATION
TRANSLATION
(a) I translate, explain.
(b) I interpret the meaning of.
to explain in words, expound:.
to interpret, i. e. to translate what has been spoken or written in a foreign tongue into the vernacular.
μεθερμηνευόμενον
from meta and herméneuó
I translate (from one language into another), interpret.
μετά
(a) gen: with, in company with,
(b) acc: (1) behind, beyond, after, of place, (2) after, of time, with nouns, neut. of adjectives.
with (“after with”), implying “change afterward” (i.e. what results after the activity).
θέλω
ἠθέλησεν
θέλημα, ατος, τό
DESIRE - WISH - WANT
Please, I desire that you accept my offer.
I will, wish, desire, am willing, intend, design.
thélō (“to desire, wish”) is commonly used of the Lord extending His “best-offer” to the believer – wanting (desiring) to birth His persuasion (faith) in them which also empowers, manifests His presence etc.
2307 thélēma (from 2309 /thélō, “to desire, wish”) – properly, a desire (wish), often referring to God’s “preferred-will,” i.e. His “best-offer” to people which can be accepted or rejected.
[Note the -ma suffix, focusing on the result hoped for with the particular desire (wish). 2307 (thélēma) is nearly always used of God, referring to His preferred-will. Occasionally it is used of man (cf. Lk 23:25; Jn 1:13.]
ἐξελθεῖν
TO GO FORTH
To be driven out of…
εὑρίσκω
I FIND - EUREKA
I learn, discover, especially after searching.
δύναμαι
δύναταί
POWERFUL - ABLE - DYNAMIC
To show Power, ability, capacity.
(a) I am powerful, have (the) power, (b) I am able, I can.
Cognate: 1410 dýnamai (a primitive verb) – to show ability (power); able (enabled by God), empowered. See the cognate-noun, 1411 /dýnamis (“ability, power”).
φωνέω
φωνῆσαι
SHOUT - CRY - CROW
I give forth a sound, hence: (a) of a cock: I crow, (b) of men: I shout, (c) trans: I call (to myself), summon; I invite, address.
ὄντα
IS BEING
εἶ
YOU ARE
You were.
V-PI-2S
ὄψῃ
YOU WILL SEE
ἀμήν
TRULY - AMEN
verily, truly, amen; at the end of sentences may be paraphrased by: So let it be.
281 amḗn (the counterpart of the Hebrew OT term, 543 /apeítheia, “steadfast”) – properly, sure (certain). 281 (amḗn) is usually translated “amen,” and sometimes “verily,” “of a truth,” “most assuredly,” “so let it be.”
281 /amḗn (“amen”), as an “emphasis marker,” introduces a statement of pivotal importance – i.e. that is essential in interpreting the over-all passage.
at the beginning of a discourse, surely, of a truth, truly;
it came to be used as an adverb by which something is asserted or confirmed:
at the close of a sentence; so it is, so be it, may it be fulfilled.
It was a custom, which passed over from the synagogues into the Christian assemblies, that when he who had read or discoursed had offered up a solemn prayer to God, the others in attendance responded Amen, and thus made the substance of what was uttered their own:
μαθαίνω
έμαθα
μαθαίνομαι
LEARN - STUDENT - DESCIPLE
From Ancient Greek μανθάνω (manthánō, “to learn, to hear, to know”).
μαθαίνω • (mathaíno) (simple past έμαθα, passive μαθαίνομαι)
learn
μάθημα n (máthima, “lesson”)
μάθηση f (máthisi, “learning”)
μαθήτρια f (mathítria, “pupil, student”)
μαθεύομαι (mathévomai, “to become known”)
μαθητής m (mathitís, “pupil, student”)
μαθητεία f (mathiteía, “apprenticeship”)
μαθητευόμενη f (mathitevómeni, “apprentice”)
μαθητευόμενος m (mathitevómenos, “apprentice”)
μαθητεύω (mathitévo, “to be apprenticed”)
μαθητικός (mathitikós, “school”)
μαθητολόγιο n (mathitológio, “school register”)
μαθητούδι n (mathitoúdi, “schoolchild, pupil”)
μαθητόκοσμος m (mathitókosmos, “school children”)
μένω
ἐμείναμεν
ἔμενον
μεμενήκεισαν
μένει
MAINTAIN - REMAIN - ABIDE - STAY
LOYAL CUSTODIAN
I remain, abide, stay, wait; with acc: I wait for, await.
to sojourn,
equivalent to tarry as a guest, lodge.
equivalent to to be kept, to remain.
not to depart, not to leave, to continue to be present.
equivalent to to persevere.
to keep oneself always worthy of his love.
to be held, or kept, continually.
to Time; to continue to be, i. e. not to perish, to last, to endure: of persons, to survive, live.
of things, not to perish, to last, stand.
to State or Condition; to remain as one is, not to become another or different.
ἠθέλησεν
ἤθελες
θέλω
θέλοντας
TO DESIRE WHAT IS RIGHT OR BEST
He desired what is right.
I wish the best for you.
Cognate: 2309 thélō (a primitive verb, NAS dictionary) – to desire (wish, will), wanting what is best (optimal) because someone is ready and willing to act.
2309 /thélō (“to desire, wish”) is commonly used of the Lord extending His “best-offer” to the believer – wanting (desiring) to birth His persuasion (faith) in them which also empowers, manifests His presence etc. See 2307 (thelēma).
[Note the close connection between faith (4102 /pístis, “God’s inbirthed persuasion”) and this root (thel-, 2307 /thélēma); cf. 2 Cor 8:5-7 and Heb 10:36-39).]
ἐξελθεῖν
ἐξέρχομαι
TO GO FORTH
I go out.
δύναταί
δύναμαι
DYNAMO
Dynamic, Dynamo, Dynamis
(a) I am powerful, have (the) power,
(b) I am able, I can.
dýnamai (a primitive verb) – to show ability (power); able (enabled by God), empowered. See the cognate-noun, 1411 /dýnamis (“ability, power”).
ἀνεῳγότα
ἀνοίγω
OPEN
from ana and oigó (to open)
to be or stand open.
To open a door or gate.
very often in Greek writings. Metaphorically, to give entrance into the soul, Revelation 3:20; to furnish opportunity to do something, Acts 14:27; Colossians 4:3; passive, of an opportunity offered.
Then, opening their treasures.
the heavens were opened, and he saw.
knock, and it will be opened to you.
λαλοῦντος
λαλέω
ἐλάλησαν
ἐλαλοῦμεν
λαλήσῃ
I SPEAK - SAY
from lalos (talkative)
(I talk, chatter in classical Greek)
(but in NT a more dignified word) I speak, say.
ἀκολουθέω
ἠκολούθησαν
TO GO WITH - FOLLOW
From ἀκόλουθος (akólouthos, “following”) + -έω (-éō, verbal suffix)
ἀκολουθέω • (akolouthéō)
(transitive, intransitive) to follow, go after, go with [+dative or rarely accusative = someone] or with prepositions such as σύν (sún) and the dative, μετά (metá) and the genitive, or ἐπί (epí) and the accusative
Synonyms
(follow): ἕπομαι (hépomai)
ἕπομαι
FOLLOW - OBEY
SEQUENCE
I follow, obey [+dative = someone] Synonym: ἀκολουθέω (akolouthéō) I stand by, support, help I attend, escort I pursue I keep pace with I come near, approach I cling, stick I belong to, am inseparable from I follow suit, agree with I follow, result, am a consequence of I understand
Present stem from e-grade of Proto-Indo-European *sekʷ-. The nonfinite aorist stem σπ- (sp-) is from the zero-grade *skʷ-, and the finite aorist stem ἑσπ- (hesp-) was formed by adding a rough breathing ῾ (h) to the augment ἐ- (e-), by analogy with the present stem. Cognates include Sanskrit सचते (sácate), Avestan 𐬵𐬀𐬗𐬀𐬌𐬙𐬉 (hacaitē), and Latin sequor.
Latin sequor.
I follow you.
I come after in sequence to you.
From Proto-Italic *sekʷōr, from Proto-Indo-European *sekʷ- (“to follow”).
Cognates include Sanskrit सचते (sácate) and Ancient Greek ἕπομαι (hépomai).
λήθω (lḗthō)
λανθάνω (lanthánō)
λέλᾰθον
λανθάνομαι
λήθομαι
HIDDEN - CONCEALED
ESCAPE NOTICE
IGNORANCE
Hidden.
Covered.
Concealed.
λᾰνθᾰ́νω • (lanthánō)
To escape notice.
Not mindful of your actions.
Undisciplined action.
(transitive) to do without being noticed.
(intransitive) to do without knowing it.
Acting in ignorance to the proper operation of law.
To forget how to do something.
From Proto-Indo-European *lh₂-n-dʰ-, nasal infix present of *leh₂-dʰ-, dental extension of *leh₂- (“to be hidden, be covered”).
λήθω • (lḗthō)
Alternative form of λανθάνω (lanthánō) used especially in compounds.
θεασάμενος
θεάομαι
TO WATCH - THEATER
to behold, look upon, view attentively, contemplate
to learn by looking.
Theater.
2300 theáomai (from tháomai, “to gaze at a spectacle”) – properly, gaze on (contemplate) as a spectator; to observe intently, especially to interpret something (grasp its significance); to see (concentrate on) so as to significantly impact (influence) the viewer.
[2300 (theáomai) is the root of 2302 /théatron (“spectacle in a theatre”), the root of the English term, “theatre.”]
εἰδῶ
εἶδον
εἰδῇς
Εἰδὼς
οἶδα
οἴδατε
ᾔδει
ᾔδεισαν
TO SEE - PERCEIVE
to see, behold, perceive.
(strengthened) to look at, observe
to see a person, to meet, speak with them
to see, experience, become acquainted with
to look at or towards
1492 eídō (oida) – properly, to see with physical eyes (cf. Ro 1:11), as it naturally bridges to the metaphorical sense: perceiving (“mentally seeing”). This is akin to the expressions: “I see what You mean”; “I see what you are saying.”
1492 /eídō (“seeing that becomes knowing”) then is a gateway to grasp spiritual truth (reality) from a physical plane. 1492 (eídō) then is physical seeing (sight) which should be the constant bridge to mental and spiritual seeing (comprehension).
ἰδεῖν and ἰδεῖν τί are also used by those to whom something is presented in vision, as the author of the Apocalypse relates that he saw this or that: Revelation 1:12
ἔρχου καί ἴδε, a formula of invitation, the use of which leaves the object of the seeing to be inferred by the hearers from the matter under consideration
ἴδε is equivalent to by seeing (reading) and contemplating, then comprehending, you will learn.
ἠκολούθησαν
FOLLOWED
V-AIA-3P
I accompany, attend, follow.
from alpha (as a cop. prefix) and keleuthos (a road, way)
to follow one who precedes, join him as his attendant, accompany him.
ἀκολουθοῦντας
THEY ARE FOLLOWING
V-PPA-AMP
θεασάμενος
HAVING BEHELD
V-APM-NMS
Ἰησοῦς καὶ θεασάμενος αὐτοὺς ἀκολουθοῦντας
Jesus and having beheld them following.
2300 theáomai (from tháomai, “to gaze at a spectacle”) – properly, gaze on (contemplate) as a spectator; to observe intently, especially to interpret something (grasp its significance); to see (concentrate on) so as to significantly impact (influence) the viewer.
[2300 (theáomai) is the root of 2302 /théatron (“spectacle in a theatre”), the root of the English term, “theatre.”]
to behold, look upon, view attentively, contemplate.
μεθερμηνεύω
TRANSLATE - INTERPRET - EXPLAIN
from meta and herméneuó.
to translate into the language of one with whom I wish to communicate, to interpret:
3326 metá (a preposition) – properly, with (“after with”), implying “change afterward” (i.e. what results after the activity). As an active “with,” 3326 (metá) looks towards the after-effect (change, result) which is only defined by the context.
ἑρμηνεύω
herméneuó
(a) I translate, explain,
(b) I interpret the meaning of.
Ἑρμῆς, accusative Ἑρμῆν, ὁ, proper name, Hermes;
- a Greek deity called by the Romans Mercurius (Mercury): Acts 14:12.
(a) Hermes, the messenger and herald of the Greek gods, or rather the corresponding Lycaonian deity, (b) Hermes, a Roman Christian.
Original Word: ἐρεῶ Part of Speech: Verb Transliteration: ereó Phonetic Spelling: (er-eh'-o) Short Definition: I say, speak Definition: (denoting speech in progress), (a) I say, speak; I mean, mention, tell, (b) I call, name, especially in the pass., (c) I tell, command.
ἤγαγεν
ἄγω
HE LED - TO LEAD
V-AIA-3S
Original Word: ἄγω Part of Speech: Verb Transliteration: agó Phonetic Spelling: (ag'-o) Short Definition: I lead Definition: I lead, lead away, bring (a person, or animal), guide, spend a day, go.
a. to lead by laying hold of, and in this way to bring to the point of destination: of an animal.
b. to lead by accompanying to (into) any place.
c. to lead with oneself, attach to oneself as an attendant.
d. to lead away, to a court of justice, magistrate, etc.
αἴρων
αἴρω
LIFT UP - TAKING AWAY
AREO - Airplane
V-PPA-NMS
Original Word: αἴρω Part of Speech: Verb Transliteration: airó Phonetic Spelling: (ah'-ee-ro) Short Definition: I raise, lift up Definition: I raise, lift up, take away, remove.
a. to raise from the ground, take up.
b. to raise upward, elevate, lift up.
to raise the mind, equivalent to excite, affect strongly (with a sense of fear, hope, joy, grief, etc.
To raise ones voice.
to take upon oneself and carry what has been raised, to bear.
to bear away what has been raised, carry off.
to remove.
To remove the corruption in scripture or the law.
To restore the Rule of Law.
ἔμειναν
μένω
REMAIN - MAINTAIN - THEY STAYED
V-AIA-3P
menó: to stay, abide, remain Original Word: μένω Part of Speech: Verb Transliteration: menó Phonetic Spelling: (men'-o) Short Definition: I remain, abide Definition: I remain, abide, stay, wait; with acc: I wait for, await.
εἱστήκει
WAS STANDING
V-LIA-3S
εἶπαν
λέγω
THEY SAID
V-AIA-3P
λέγω, I say
λέγεται
IS TO SAY
V-PIM/P-3S
John 1:38 V-PIM/P-3S
GRK: ῥαββί ὃ λέγεται μεθερμηνευόμενον Διδάσκαλε
NAS: translated means Teacher.
INT: Rabbi which is to say translated Teacher
ποιέω
ποιήσατε
TO MAKE - TO DO
Original Word: ποιέω Part of Speech: Verb Transliteration: poieó Phonetic Spelling: (poy-eh'-o) Short Definition: I do, make Definition: (a) I make, manufacture, construct, (b) I do, act, cause.
with the names of the things made, to produce, construct, form, fashion.
To make a path.
ποιήσατε = do = V-AMA-2P
καθαρός
Adjective
CLEANS
Clean up ones speech and actions.
To get rid of the falsities, corruptions, impurities and unwanted admixture in the law.
Act in perfect accord with the law (Honor)
To cleans oneself of untruth.
To remove or throw away falsity, untruth, lies.
clean, pure, unstained, either literally or ceremonially or spiritually; guiltless, innocent, upright.
katharós (a primitive word) – properly, “without admixture” (BAGD); what is separated (purged), hence “clean” (pure) because unmixed (without undesirable elements); (figuratively) spiritually clean because purged (purified by God), i.e. free from the contaminating (soiling) influences of sin.
English chaste, chasten.
clean, pure (free from the admixture or adhesion of anything that soils, adulterates, corrupts.
ethically; free from corrupt desire, from sin and guilt.
Christ expresses figuratively is as follows: ‘he whose inmost nature has been renovated does not need radical renewal, but only to be cleansed from every several fault into which he may fall through contact with the unrenewed world.
χρυσίον, purified by fire, Revelation 21:18, 21; in a similitude, like a vine cleansed by pruning and so fitted to bear fruit.
free from every admixture of what is false, sincere.
καθαρίζω
PURIFY
katharízō – make pure (“clean”), removing all admixture (intermingling of filth). See 2513 (katharos).
I cleanse, make clean, literally, ceremonially, or spiritually, according to context.
to free from the defilement of sin and from faults; to purify from wickedness.
consecrate by cleansing or purifying.
equivalent to to consecrate, dedicate.
to pronounce clean in a levitical sense.
καθαρισμός
καθαρισμὸν
Noun
PURIFICATION
Definition: cleansing, purifying, purification, literal, ceremonial, or moral; met: expiation.
a cleansing, purification; a ritual purgation or washing.
the expiatory sacrifice of Christ.
a washing off, i.e. (ceremonially) ablution, (morally) expiation – cleansing, + purge, purification(-fying).
ποιέω
ποιῆσαι
ποιήσατε
πεποίηκα
ἐποιήσαμεν
Ποίησον
MAKE - DO - CONSTRUCT
(a) I make, manufacture, construct, (b) I do, act, cause.
with the names of the things made, to produce, construct, form, fashion.
to make a path.
the disciples of Christ made a path for themselves through the standing grain by plucking the heads; see ὁδοποιέω, at the end.
They began, as they went, to pluck the ears.
to create, to produce: of God, as the author of all things.
absolutely of men, to labor, to do work.
joined to nouns denoting a state or condition, it signifies to be the author of, to cause.
joined to nouns involving the idea of action (or of something which is accomplished by action).
equivalent to to make ready, to prepare.
of things effected by generative force, to produce, bear, shoot forth: of trees, vines, grass, etc.
to acquire, to provide a thing for oneself.
to make a thing out of something.
to (make i. e.) constitute or appoint one anything.
to appoint or ordain one that…
to (make, i. e.) declare one anything.
to put one forth, to lead him out.
to make one do a thing.
To become something through action and sustained effort.
to make a thing out of something.
To acquire something for oneself through work, effort and discipline.
of things effected by generative force, to produce, bear, shoot forth: of trees, vines, grass, etc.
joined to nouns denoting a state or condition, it signifies to be the author of, to cause.
to be operative, exercise activity.
To labor, do work.
to create, to produce: of God, as the author of all things.
with the names of the things made, to produce, construct, form, fashion.
ὑστερέω
ὑστερήσαντος
LACK - FALL SHORT - INSUFFICIENT
NOT YET ACCOMPLISHED
LACKING FULL KNOWLEDGE
LACKING CAPACITY OT FACULTY
FALLING SHORT OF WISDOM
(hoos-ter-eh’-o)
I am lacking, fall short, suffer need.
I fall behind, am lacking, fall short, suffer need, am inferior to.
Not enough time, money or energy to see or hear the word effecting moral transformation. Buried in the complexities and slavish necessities of life to have no room left for a moral education, making salvation impossible.
5302 hysteréō (from 5306 /hýsteros, “last”) – properly, at “the end,” i.e. coming behind
(to “be posterior, late”)
(figuratively) coming behind and therefore left out; left wanting (falling short).
5302 /hysteréō (“failing to fulfill a goal”) means to be in lack and hence, unable to meet the need at hand because depleted (“all run out”).
This state of lack (insufficiency, privation) naturally results when a person misses out on what is vital.
to be left behind in the race and so fail to reach the goal, to fall short of the end.
fail to become a partaker.
of the person, to be inferior to (A. V. to be behind) another in nothing.
to be in want of, lack.
To suffer want.
κείμεναι
κεῖμαι
INVESTED INTO OFFICE
(ki’-mahee)
I lie, recline, am placed, am laid, set, specially appointed, destined.
Appointed or invested into office. (Standing)
Official Standing.
also of things put or set in any place, in reference to which we often use to stand: thus of vessels.
to be (by God’s intent) set, i. e. destined, appointed.
χωρέω
χωρῆσαι
Χωρήσατε
χωροῦσιν
χωρείτω
TO MAKE ROOM - SPACE FOR…
A CLOSED MIND CANT LEARN NEW THINGS
A proud arrogant mind makes no room for wisdom.
chóreó: to make room, advance, hold
(lit: I make room, hence)
(a) I have room for, receive, contain,
(b) I make room for by departing, go, make progress, turn myself.
5562 xōréō – properly, make space (place, room); (figuratively) to live with an open heart – i.e. with “available space” that embraces the “more important” . . . not just the “urgent”!
properly, to leave a space (which may be occupied or filled by another), to make room, give place, yield.
to have space or room for receiving or holding something.
Metaphorically, to receive with the mind or understanding, to understand.
to receive one into one’s heart, make room for one in one’s heart.
ἀκολουθέω
ἀκολουθησάντων
ἀκολουθοῦντας
ἠκολουθήσαμέν
ἠκολούθησαν
FOLLOW ME
I accompany, attend, follow.
from alpha (as a cop. prefix) and keleuthos (a road)
A way.
to follow one who precedes, join him as his attendant, accompany him.
to follow one in time, succeed one.
to join one as a disciple, become or be his disciple; side with his party.
to cleave steadfastly to one, conform wholly to his example, in living and if need be in dying also.
From a (as a particle of union) and keleuthos (a road); properly, to be in the same way with, i.e. To accompany (specially, as a disciple)
γίνομαι
ἐγένετο
ἐγενήθην
γένησθε
γεγονός
BEGET - BORN - BIRTH
FROM ETERNITY TO MANIFEST IN TIME
God’s actions as emerging from eternity and becoming (showing themselves) in time (physical space).
(ginomai) means “to become, and signifies a change of condition, state or place”
to emerge, become, transitioning from one point (realm, condition) to another.
Phonetic Spelling: (ghin’-om-ahee)
Short Definition: I come into being, am born
Definition: I come into being, am born, become, come about, happen.
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gignō (present infinitive gignere, perfect active genuī, supine genitum); third conjugation
I beget, give birth to.
I produce, cause.
From Proto-Italic *gignō, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵíǵnh₁-, the reduplicated present stem of *ǵenh₁-. Cognate to Ancient Greek γίγνομαι (gígnomai, “to come into being, to be born, to take place”).
*ǵenh₁- (perfective)
to produce, to beget, to give birth.
*gignō
give birth
create, beget, produce.
beget (third-person singular simple present begets, present participle begetting, simple past begot or begat, past participle begotten) (transitive)
To father; to sire; to produce (a child).
To cause; to produce.
(Britain dialectal) To happen to; befall.
To bring forth.
From Middle English begeten, biȝeten
from Old English beġietan (“to get, find, acquire, attain, receive, take, seize, happen, beget”)
[influenced by Old Norse geta (“to get, to guess”)]
from Proto-Germanic *bigetaną (“to find, seize”), equivalent to be- + get.
Cognate with Old Saxon bigetan (“to find, seize”)
Old High German bigezan (“to gain, achieve, win, procure”).
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Old English
begēten
(rare) to think of, to think up
Antonym: vergēten
προφητεία
COMMUNICATE - REVEAL TRUTH
the gift of communicating and enforcing revealed truth.
prophēteía (from 4396 /prophḗtēs, “prophet,” which is derived from 4253 /pró, “before” and 5346 /phēmí, “make clear, assert as a priority”) – properly, what is clarified beforehand; prophecy which involves divinely-empowered forthtelling (asserting the mind of God) or foretelling (prediction).
φέρω
ἤνεγκαν
ἐνεχθεῖσαν
οἴσουσιν
ἔφερον - φέρετε
I CARRY - BEAR BURDEN
Phonetic Spelling: (fer’-o)
Short Definition: I carry, bear, bring, lead
Definition: I carry, bear, bring; I conduct, lead; perhaps: I make publicly known.
To carry some burden.
To move by bearing.
To be conveyed or borne.
To press on, endure the hardships along the path for the purpose of completing the goal.
The preserver of the universe, the transcendent Divine that upholds and sustains awareness and hence the universe.
The custodian and guardian of the law, him who memorized and hence holds (bears) the law in his mind and carries justice with him.
To bring with him for them by ferrying the law from one place to another.
To bring. He brought. He carried. He ferried. He is the bearer of... He holds the...
5342 phérō (“allied to German fahren, Scotch bairn, ‘bear,’ “ J. Thayer, Curtis) – properly, to bear, carry (bring) along, especially temporarily or to a definite (prescribed) conclusion (defined by the individual context). See also 5409 /phoréō (“habitual bearing”).
(1 Pet 1:13) being brought (5342 /phérō) – 1 Pet 1:13 commands us to “completely (5049 /teleíōs) hope on the grace now being brought (present, passive participle of 5342 /phérō) in (en) revelation (no article) of Jesus Christ.”
The following is a fuller expanded rendering of the Greek text, “Wherefore [in view of the meaning of salvation that extends to glorification, 1 Pet 1:9] having girded up the loins of your mind, being radically-moderate, completely hope on the grace being carried along (5342 /phérō) to you, in revelation, concerning Jesus Christ.”
γεύω
γεύομαι
ἐγεύσασθε
γευσαμένους
ἐγεύσασθε
TO GET A TASTE - TO EXPERIENCE
Phonetic Spelling: (ghyoo’-om-ahee)
Short Definition: I taste, experience
Definition: (a) I taste, (b) I experience.
γεύω: to cause to taste, to give one a taste of.
to taste, i. e. perceive the flavor of, partake of, enjoy.
to feel, make trial of, experience.
to take nourishment, eat.
He got a taste of the wines effects, then got drunk.
He got a taste of the money, then got greedy.
μεθύω
μέθη
μεθυσθῶσιν
μεθυόντων
μεθύει
DRUNKENNESS
Phonetic Spelling: (meth-oo’-o)
Short Definition: I am drunk
Definition: I am intoxicated with wine, am drunk.
From another form of methe; to drink to intoxication, i.e. Get drunk – drink well, make (be) drunk(-en).
Phonetic Spelling: (meth’-ay)
Short Definition: drunkenness
Definition: deep drinking, drunkenness.
γέμω
γεμίζω
ἐγέμισαν
Γεμίσατε
γεμίζεσθαι
LOADED TO CAPACITY
Phonetic Spelling: (ghem’-o)
Short Definition: I am full of
Definition: I am full of.
1073 gémō – full, especially with the sense “fully occupied with (by),” i.e. filled (“loaded”) to capacity; laden (freighted) with; “totally characterized by” (in every sense).
4137 / πληρόω /plēróō) (“to fill, fulfill”) indicates “accomplished” by a “dynamic motion moving towards” to reach the desired end (destination).
[5056 / τέλος / télos) can imply full (fulfilled), but this focuses on the consummating, end-purpose. Here the verbal idea is more “at rest.”]
καλέω
καλεῖ
καλεῖσθαι
ἐκλήθη
ἐκάλεσα
κεκληκώς
κεκλημένους
TO CALL - INVITE TO COME
Transliteration: kaleó
Phonetic Spelling: (kal-eh’-o)
Short Definition: I call, invite, name
Definition: (a) I call, summon, invite, (b) I call, name.
to call aloud, utter in a loud voice:
used of Christ, calling certain persons to be his disciples and constant companions.
ἐκ with the genitive of place, equivalent to to call out, call forth from.
metaphorically, to cause to pass from one state into another.
like the Latin voco - equivalent to to invite.
ἐκλεκτός
ἐκλέγω
ἐκλέγομαι
ἐκλελεγμένος
ἐξελέγοντο
ἐξελέξατο
ELECT - ELITE - SELECT
1586 eklégomai (from 1537 /ek, “out of” and 3004 /légō, “speaking to a conclusion”) – properly, to select (choose) out of, by a highly deliberate choice (i.e. real heart-preference) with a definite outcome (as with the destination of divine selection for salvation).
ἐκλέγομαι, to pick or choose out for oneself.
Hand raiser, self selected disciple, volunteer.
ἐξελέξατο ὁ Θεός.
God made choice among us.
i.e. Among our ranks.
Phonetic Spelling: (ek-lek-tos’)
Short Definition: chosen, elect, choice, select
Definition: chosen out, elect, choice, select, sometimes as subst: of those chosen out by God for the rendering of special service to Him (of the Hebrew race, particular Hebrews, the Messiah, and the Christians).
Cognate: 1588 eklektós (an adjective, derived from 1586 /eklégomai, “to select, choose,” also used as a substantive/noun) – properly, selected (chosen from, out of), especially as a deeply personal choice – literally “chosen, out of a personal preference (intention).” See 1586 (eklegomai).
Typically, 1588 /eklektós (“select, chosen”) describes people who choose to follow the Lord, i.e. become God’s choice by freely receiving faith (4102 /pístis) from Him. Accordingly, these two terms are directly connected (see Tit 1:1; Lk 18:7,8).
chosen by God, and a. to obtain salvation through Christ.
the chosen or elect of God.
The Messiah is called preeminently ὁ ἐκλεκτός τοῦ Θεοῦ, as appointed by God to the most exalted office conceivable.
Angels are called ἐκλεκτοί, as those whom God has chosen out from other created beings to be peculiarly associated with him, and his highest ministers in governing the universe.
universally, choice, select, i. e. the best of its kind or class, excellent, preeminent: applied to certain individual Christians.
τίθημι
τίθησιν
τεθεικώς
ἐτέθη
ἐτίθεσαν
θέμενος
TO PUT ____ AT THIS PLACE
Phonetic Spelling: (tith’-ay-mee)
Short Definition: I put, place
Definition: I put, place, lay, set, fix, establish.
To put the ________ at this location.
To set the table.
To deposit.
To set up, establish.
conceived this thing in thine heart.
to purpose in the spirit), Acts 19:21; to place (or posit) for the execution of one’s purpose.
τηρέω
ἐτήρησα
τηρήσαντας
τετήρηκας
τηρουμένους
GUARD - PRESERVE - CUSTODIAN
Phonetic Spelling: (tay-reh’-o)
Short Definition: I keep, guard, observe
Definition: I keep, guard, observe, watch over.
5083 tēréō (from tēros, “a guard”) – properly, maintain (preserve); (figuratively) spiritually guard (watch), keep intact.
to attend to carefully, take care of; i. e.
(the watchers) the guards.
cause one to persevere or stand firm in a thing.
the command respecting sabbath-keeping.
τηρέω, φυλάσσω: τηρέω to watch or keep, φυλάσσω to guard; τηρέω expresses watchful care and is suggestive of present possession, φυλάσσω indicates safe custody and often implies assault from without
κεῖμαι
PUT IN STORAGE VESSEL
Phonetic Spelling: (ki’-mahee)
Short Definition: I lie, recline, am laid
Definition: I lie, recline, am placed, am laid, set, specially appointed, destined.
of grain and other things laid up, gathered together.
also of things put or set in any place, in reference to which we often use to stand: thus of vessels.
of things that quietly cover some spot.
to be (by God’s intent) set, i. e. destined, appointed.
of laws, to be made, laid down.
ὁ κόσμος ὅλος ἐν τῷ πονηρῷ κεῖται, lies in the power of the evil one, i. e. is held in subjection by the devil.
Middle voice of a primary verb; to lie outstretched (literally or figuratively) – be (appointed, laid up, made, set), lay, lie. Compare tithemi.
πέμπω
πεμπτός
πέμψας
ἐπεμφθην
I SEND - DISPATCH
πέμπω • (pémpō)
I send, dispatch
to send one to do something.
πεμπτός
From πέμπω
(pémpō, “I send”) + -τος (-tos).
-τος • (-tos) m, f (neuter -τον); second declension
Creates verbal adjectives of possibility, either active or passive (accented on the ultima, -τός)
GRK: καὶ πέμψας ἀπεκεφάλισεν τὸν
NAS: He sent and had John beheaded
KJV: [her].And he sent, and beheaded John
INT: And having sent he beheaded
ἥκω
ἥκει
ἥξουσιν
ἥξω
I AM PRESENT - HAVE COME TO BE
Original Word: ἥκω
Part of Speech: Verb
Transliteration: hékó
Phonetic Spelling: (hay’-ko)
Short Definition: I have come, am present
Definition: I have come, am present, have arrived.
hékó: to have come, be present.
2240 hḗkō (a primitive verb) – properly, to reach the end-destination (goal).
to have come, have arrived, be present.
metaphorically, to come to one i. e. seek an intimacy with one, become his follower.
metaphorically, to come upon one, of things to be endured (as evils, calamitous times)
A primary verb; to arrive, i.e. Be present (literally or figuratively) – come.
ὀπτάνομαι
ὀπτάνω
I APPEAR - AM SEEN
Original Word: ὀπτάνομαι Part of Speech: Verb Transliteration: optanomai Phonetic Spelling: (op-tan'-om-ahee) Short Definition: I appear, am seen Definition: I appear, am seen (by), let myself be seen (by).
Cognate: 3700 optánomai (or optomai/optanō, likely a later cognate of 3708 /horáō) – become seen (appear). See 3708 (horaō).
[Some forms of Strong’s numbering systems designate optomai as 3708.]
ὀπτάνω (ὈΠΤΩ): to look at, behold; middle present participle ὀπτανόμενος; to allow oneself to be seen, to appear: τίνι, Acts 1:3. (1 Kings 8:8; Tobit 12:19; (Graecus Venetus, Exodus 34:24).)
A (middle voice) prolonged form of the primary (middle voice) optomai (op’-tom-ahee); which is used for it in certain tenses; and both as alternate of horao; to gaze (i.e. With wide-open eyes, as at something remarkable; and thus differing from blepo, which denotes simply voluntary observation; and from eido, which expresses merely mechanical, passive or casual vision; while theaomai, and still more emphatically its intensive theoreo, signifies an earnest but more continued inspection; and skopeo a watching from a distance) – appear, look, see, shew self.
see GREEK horao
see GREEK blepo
see GREEK eido
see GREEK theaomai
see GREEK theoreo
see GREEK skopeo
τηρέω
TO GUARD - WATCH OVER
téreó: to watch over, to guard Original Word: τηρέω Part of Speech: Verb Transliteration: téreó Phonetic Spelling: (tay-reh'-o) Short Definition: I keep, guard, observe Definition: I keep, guard, observe, watch over. HELPS Word-studies 5083 tēréō (from tēros, "a guard") – properly, maintain (preserve); (figuratively) spiritually guard (watch), keep intact.
to attend to carefully, take care of.
properly, to guard.
metaphorically, to keep: τινα, one in that state in which he is.
to keep in i. e. cause one to persevere or stand firm in a thing.
To hold firmly a mental deposit.
by guarding to cause one to escape in safety out of etc.: ἐκ τοῦ πονηροῦ, out of the power and assaults of Satan.
the command respecting sabbath-keeping, John 9:16; τάς ἐντολάς (of either God or Christ).
to watch or keep, φυλάσσω to guard; τηρέω expresses watchful care and is suggestive of present possession, φυλάσσω indicates safe custody and often implies assault from without.
From teros (a watch; perhaps akin to theoreo); to guard (from loss or injury, properly, by keeping the eye upon; and thus differing from phulasso, which is properly to prevent escaping; and from koustodia, which implies a fortress or full military lines of apparatus), i.e. To note (a prophecy; figuratively, to fulfil a command); by implication, to detain (in custody; figuratively, to maintain); by extension, to withhold (for personal ends; figuratively, to keep unmarried); by extension, to withhold (for personal ends; figuratively, to keep unmarried) – hold fast, keep(- er), (pre-, re-)serve, watch.
koustódia: a guard Original Word: κουστωδία, ας, ἡ Part of Speech: Noun, Feminine Transliteration: koustódia Phonetic Spelling: (koos-to-dee'-ah) Short Definition: a guard Definition: a guard, watch.
ἀσφαλίζω
MAKE SECURE - SAFE
Original Word: ἀσφαλίζω Part of Speech: Verb Transliteration: asphalizó Phonetic Spelling: (as-fal-id'-zo) Short Definition: I make safe Definition: I make safe (secure, fast).
Cognate: 805 asphalízō – properly, make safe (fast); used of securely fixing a prisoner’s feet in wooden stocks (Ac 16:24). See 804 (asphalēs).
“to make firm: to make secure against harm; passive to be made secure”:
From asphales; to render secure – make fast (sure).
ἀσφαλής,
SAFE - RELIABLE - TRUST WORTHY
Original Word: ἀσφαλής, ές
Part of Speech: Adjective
Transliteration: asphalés
Phonetic Spelling: (as-fal-ace’)
Short Definition: safe, reliable, trustworthy
Definition: (lit: unfailing), safe, reliable, trustworthy, certain, sure.
804 asphalḗs
(from A “not” and sphallō, “totter, cast down”)
σφάλλω to make to totter or fall, to cheat.
properly, secure because on solid footing,
i.e. built on what does not totter (fall, slip);
hence, “unfailing, safe, reliable, trustworthy”
from alpha (as a neg. prefix) and sphalló (to trip up)
firm (that can be relied on, confided in)
From a (as a negative particle)
and sphallo (to “fail”);
secure (literally or figuratively)
certain(-ty), safe, sure.
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(a-) ἄλφα
A – alpha, the first letter of the Greek alphabet. a- (alpha) is used as a prefix. (called its "privative use") and typically means "no" or "not" (un- "without").
[Greek words, whose first letter (of the root) is alpha, can not take an “alpha-privative” to negate them, so the only way to express their “antithesis” is using a negative particle before them (e.g. mē, ou).]
Example: There is no single word for “unforgiveness” in the NT because the first letter is already alpha (“a”) – so a negative has to be used separately like, “not forgive” (ou/mē aphiēmi). “Righteousness/judge” (dikē) however does not begin in Greek with the letter “a” so unrighteousness is formed by using the prefix alpha (adikia).
σφάλλω
TO TOTTER - TIPPING OVER - UNSTABLE
To make totter, trip or fall down.
To cheat or defraud someone.
To knock someone off their footing.
ἔφη
φημί
φασίν
φησιν
HE SAID
Original Word: φημί Part of Speech: Verb Transliteration: phémi Phonetic Spelling: (fay-mee') Short Definition: I say Definition: I say, declare.
5346 phēmí (from phaō, “shine”) – properly, bring to light by asserting one statement (point of view) over another;
to speak comparatively,
i.e. making effective contrasts which illuminate (
(literally, “produce an epiphany”).
to make known one’s thoughts, to declare; to say: ἔφη, he said (once on a time).
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φασίν (phasin) — 1 Occurrence Romans 3:8 V-PI-3P GRK: καὶ καθώς φασίν τινες ἡμᾶς NAS: and as some claim that we say), KJV: as some affirm that we say,) INT: and as affirm some [that] we...
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φημι (phēmi) — 4 Occurrences 1 Corinthians 7:29 V-PI-1S GRK: Τοῦτο δέ φημι ἀδελφοί ὁ NAS: But this I say, brethren, the time KJV: But this I say, brethren, the time INT: this moreover I say brothers the...
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φησιν (phēsin) — 18 Occurrences Matthew 13:29 V-PI-3S GRK: ὁ δέ φησιν Οὔ μή NAS: But he said, 'No; KJV: But he said, Nay; lest INT: moreover he said No not...
φανερόω
ἐφανέρωσεν
πεφανερώμεθα
φανεροῦται
TO MAKE CLEAR - MANIFEST
Original Word: φανερόω
Part of Speech: Verb
Transliteration: phaneroó
Phonetic Spelling: (fan-er-o’-o)
Short Definition: I make clear, visible, or manifest
Definition: I make clear (visible, manifest), make known.
HELPS Word-studies
5319 phaneróō (from 5457 /phṓs, “light”) – properly, illumine, make manifest (visible); (figuratively) make plain, in open view; to become apparent (“graspable”).
5319 /phaneróō (“become manifest”) in 1 Jn 3:2
1 Jn 3:2: “Beloved, now we are children of God, and it has not appeared as yet what we will be. We know that if (Gk ean) He becomes manifest (5319 /phaneróō), we will be like Him, because (hoti) we will see Him just as (Gk kathōs) He is.”
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πεφανερώμεθα (pephanerōmetha) — 1 Occurrence
2 Corinthians 5:11 V-RIM/P-1P
GRK: θεῷ δὲ πεφανερώμεθα ἐλπίζω δὲ
NAS: men, but we are made manifest
KJV: but we are made manifest unto God;
INT: to god moreover we have been revealed I hope moreover
φωνέω
ἐφώνησαν
Φωνήσατε
CALL - SUMMONS
φωνέω Part of Speech: Verb Transliteration: phóneó Phonetic Spelling: (fo-neh'-o) Short Definition: I crow, shout, summon Definition: I give forth a sound, hence: (a) of a cock: I crow, (b) of men: I shout, (c) trans: I call (to myself), summon; I invite, address.
intransitive, to sound, emit a sound, to speak: of a cock, to crow.
of men, to cry, cry out, cry aloud, speak with a loud voice.
To call, call to oneself: τινα — either by one’s own voice, or through another; to send for, summon.
Equivalent to to address, accost, call by a name.
To invite with a call.
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φωνή, φωνῆς, ἡ (φάω) to shine, make clear.
Original Word: φωνή, ῆς, ἡ
Part of Speech: Noun, Feminine
Transliteration: phóné
Phonetic Spelling: (fo-nay’)
Short Definition: a sound, noise, voice
Definition: a sound, noise, voice, language, dialect.
ᾔδεισαν
οἶδα
BE AWARE - BEHOLD - PERCEIVE
eidó: be aware, behold, consider, perceive
Original Word: οἶδα
Part of Speech: Verb
Transliteration: eidó
Phonetic Spelling: (i’-do)
Short Definition: I know, remember
Definition: I know, remember, appreciate.
HELPS Word-studies
1492 eídō (oida) – properly, to see with physical eyes (cf. Ro 1:11), as it naturally bridges to the metaphorical sense: perceiving (“mentally seeing”). This is akin to the expressions: “I see what You mean”; “I see what you are saying.”
1492 /eídō (“seeing that becomes knowing”) then is a gateway to grasp spiritual truth (reality) from a physical plane. 1492 (eídō) then is physical seeing (sight) which should be the constant bridge to mental and spiritual seeing (comprehension).
πωλέω
PEDDLE - SELL - BARTER - EXCHANGE
Phonetic Spelling: (po-leh’-o)
Short Definition: I sell
Definition: I sell, exchange, barter.
Peddler.
sell, whatever is sold.
Probably ultimately from pelomai (to be busy, to trade); to barter (as a pedlar), i.e. To sell – sell, whatever is sold.
opposed to ἀγοράζειν (buyer)
ὁδοιπορέω
TO TRAVEL - JOURNEY
ὁδοιπορέω (verb)
Phonetic Spelling: (hod-oy-por-eh’-o)
Short Definition: I travel, pursue a way
Definition: I travel, pursue a way, journey.
from hodoiporos (a traveler)
(ὁδοιπόρος a wayfarer, traveller); to travel, journey
σκάπτω
TO DIG
Original Word: σκάπτω Part of Speech: Verb Transliteration: skaptó Phonetic Spelling: (skap'-to) Short Definition: I dig Definition: I dig, excavate.
Apparently a primary verb; to dig – dig.
έσκαψε εσκαψεν ἔσκαψεν σκαπτειν σκάπτειν σκαφή σκαψω σκάψω
eskapsen éskapsen skapso skapsō skápso skápsō skaptein skáptein
Opposed to... σκέπασμα from skepazó (to cover) To cover, conceal, cloth, raiment. Original Word: σκέπασμα, ατος, τό Part of Speech: Noun, Neuter Transliteration: skepasma Phonetic Spelling: (skep'-as-mah) Short Definition: clothing Definition: clothing, a covering, raiment.
σκέπασμα, σκεπασματος, τό (σκεπάζω to cover), a covering, specifically, clothing.
From a derivative of skepas (a covering; perhaps akin to the base of skopos through the idea of noticeableness); clothing – raiment.
παίω
TO STRIKE - HIT - STING
Strong's Concordance paió: to strike, spec. to sting Original Word: παίω Part of Speech: Verb Transliteration: paió Phonetic Spelling: (pah'-yo) Short Definition: I strike, smite Definition: I strike, smite, sting.
A primary verb; to hit (as if by a single blow and less violently than tupto); specially, to sting (as a scorpion) – smite, strike.
see GREEK tupto
τύπτω
WOUND - INFLICT PUNISHMENT
Original Word: τύπτω
Part of Speech: Verb
Transliteration: tuptó
Phonetic Spelling: (toop’-to)
Short Definition: I beat, strike, wound, inflict punishment
Definition: I beat, strike, wound, inflict punishment.
A primary verb (in a strengthened form); to “thump”, i.e. Cudgel or pummel (properly, with a stick or bastinado), but in any case by repeated blows; thus differing from paio and patasso, which denote a (usually single) blow with the hand or any instrument, or plesso with the fist (or a hammer), or rhapizo with the palm; as well as from tugchano, an accidental collision); by implication, to punish; figuratively, to offend (the conscience) – beat, smite, strike, wound.
see GREEK paio
see GREEK patasso
see GREEK plesso
see GREEK rhapizo
see GREEK tugchano
πατάσσω
KILL - SLAY
Original Word: πατάσσω Part of Speech: Verb Transliteration: patassó Phonetic Spelling: (pat-as'-so) Short Definition: I strike Definition: I smite, strike (as with a sword), smite to death, afflict.
to smite down, cut down, to kill, slay.
Probably prolongation from paio; to knock (gently or with a weapon or fatally) – smite, strike. Compare tupto.
πλήσσω
I STRIKE - SMITE - TO POUND
Original Word: πλήσσω Part of Speech: Verb Transliteration: pléssó Phonetic Spelling: (place'-so) Short Definition: I strike, smite Definition: I strike, smite.
Apparently another form of plasso (through the idea of flattening out); to pound, i.e. (figuratively) to inflict with (calamity) – smite.
παιδεύω
TRAIN CHILDREN
paideuó: to train children, to chasten, correct Original Word: παιδεύω Part of Speech: Verb Transliteration: paideuó Phonetic Spelling: (pahee-dyoo'-o) Short Definition: I discipline, educate, train, chastise Definition: (a) I discipline, educate, train, (b) more severely: I chastise.
3811 paideúō (from 3816 /país,
“a child under development with strict training”
properly, to train up a child (3816 /país),
so they mature and realize their full potential…(development).
This requires necessary discipline (training), which includes administering chastisement (punishment).
3811 /paideúō (“to instruct by training”) is the root of the English terms, “pedagogue, pedagogy.”
[Our English word “chasten” comes from “Latin castus, pure, chaste, and means to purify, cf. Heb 12:6f” (WP, 2, 282). See the root 3816 (pais, “a child under strict instruction”).]
to train children.
to be instructed or taught, to learn.
to cause one to learn.
to chastise or castigate with words, to correct: of those who are moulding the character of others by reproof and admonition.
in Biblical and ecclesiastical use employed of God, to chasten by the infliction of evils and calamities.
to chastise with blows, to scourge: of a father punishing a son, Hebrews 12:7,(); of a judge ordering one to be scourged, Luke 23:16, 22.
chastise, instruct, learn, teach.
From pais; to train up a child, i.e. Educate, or (by implication), discipline (by punishment) – chasten(-ise), instruct, learn, teach.
αἱρέω
αἱρήσομαι
εἵλατο
ἑλόμενος
CHOOSE- PREFER
haireó: to take, choose Original Word: αἱρέω Part of Speech: Verb Transliteration: haireó Phonetic Spelling: (hahee-reh'-om-ahee) Short Definition: I choose, prefer Definition: I choose, prefer. HELPS Word-studies 138 hairéomai (a primitive verb, always in the Greek middle voice) – properly, lay hold of by a personal choice.
[The Greek middle voice emphasizes the self-interest of the one preferring (deciding) to grasp or take.]
αἱρήσομαι (hairēsomai) — 1 Occurrence Philippians 1:22 V-FIM-1S GRK: καὶ τί αἱρήσομαι οὐ γνωρίζω NAS: which to choose. KJV: yet what I shall choose I wot not. INT: and what I will choose not I know.
εἵλατο (heilato) — 1 Occurrence 2 Thessalonians 2:13 V-AIM-3S GRK: Κυρίου ὅτι εἵλατο ὑμᾶς ὁ NAS: God has chosen you from the beginning KJV: from the beginning chosen you to INT: [the] Lord that chose you
ἑλόμενος (helomenos) — 1 Occurrence
Hebrews 11:25 V-APM-NMS
GRK: μᾶλλον ἑλόμενος συνκακουχεῖσθαι τῷ
NAS: choosing rather
KJV: Choosing rather to suffer affliction
INT: rather having chosen to suffer affliction with the
σύρω
DRAG AWAY
Drag against ones will.
Original Word: σύρω Part of Speech: Verb Transliteration: suró Phonetic Spelling: (soo'-ro) Short Definition: I draw, drag Definition: I draw, drag, force away.
to draw, to drag one (before the judge, to prison, to punishment.
σαρόω
BROOM - SWEEP AWAY
Original Word: σαρόω Part of Speech: Verb Transliteration: saroó Phonetic Spelling: (sar-o'-o) Short Definition: I sweep Definition: I sweep, cleanse by sweeping.
From a derivative of sairo (to brush off; akin to suro); meaning a broom; to sweep – sweep.
βοάω
TO SHOUT
βοάω • (boáō)
to shout
From βοή (boḗ, “shout”) + -άω (-áō).
ταχυδρομώ
SEND LETTER BY POST
ταχυδρομώ • (tachydromó) (simple past ταχυδρόμησα)
post (a letter)
Conjugation Edit
This verb needs an inflection-table template.
Related terms Edit
see: ταχυδρομείο n (tachydromeío, “post office”)
See also Edit
αποστέλλω (apostéllo, “send, ship”)
σημαίνω
SIGNIFY - MAKE KNOWN
σημαίνω Part of Speech: Verb Transliteration: sémainó Phonetic Spelling: (say-mah'-ee-no) Short Definition: I signify, indicate Definition: I signify, indicate, give
to give a sign, to signify, indicate.
To make known by a sign, miracle.
σημεῖον
A SIGN
Original Word: σημεῖον, ου, τό
Part of Speech: Noun, Neuter
Transliteration: sémeion
Phonetic Spelling: (say-mi’-on)
Short Definition: a sign, miracle, indication
Definition: a sign, miracle, indication, mark, token.
4592 sēmeíon – a sign (typically miraculous), given especially to confirm, corroborate or authenticate. 4592 /sēmeíon (“sign”) then emphasizes the end-purpose which exalts the one giving it.
Accordingly, it is used dozens of times in the NT for what authenticates the Lord and His eternal purpose…
Especially by doing what mere man can not replicate or take credit for.
χρή
χρείαν
χρείαις
χρείας
OUGHT TO BE
MUST BE
NECESSARILY
I NEED
Original Word: χρή
Part of Speech: Verb
Transliteration: chré
Phonetic Spelling: (khray)
Short Definition: it is necessary, proper
Definition: it is necessary, proper, fitting.
Third person singular of the same as chraomai or chrao used impersonally; it needs (must or should) be – ought.
χράομαι
TO LEND FOR ANOTHER’s USE
Original Word: χράομαι
Part of Speech: Verb
Transliteration: chraomai
Phonetic Spelling: (khrah’-om-ahee)
Short Definition: I use, make use of, deal with
Definition: I use, make use of, deal with, take advantage of.
‘to grant a loan’, ‘to lend’
properly, to receive a loan; to borrow.
to take for one’s use; to use.
to make use of a thing.
with the dative of a virtue or vice describing the mode of thinking or acting.
of the use of persons: τίνι, to bear oneself toward, to deal with, treat.
Middle voice of a primary verb (perhaps rather from cheir, to handle); to furnish what is needed; (give an oracle, “graze” (touch slightly), light upon, etc.), i.e. (by implication) to employ or (by extension) to act towards one in a given manner – entreat, use. Compare chrao; chre.
χράω
TO LEND
Strong's Concordance chraó or kichrémi: to lend Original Word: χράω Part of Speech: Verb Transliteration: chraó or kichrémi Phonetic Spelling: (khrah'-o) Short Definition: I lend Definition: I lend.
Probably the same as the base of chraomai; to loan – lend.
χράομαι
USE A LOAN
Original Word: χράομαι
Part of Speech: Verb
Transliteration: chraomai
Phonetic Spelling: (khrah’-om-ahee)
Short Definition: I use, make use of, deal with
Definition: I use, make use of, deal with, take advantage of.
properly, to receive a loan; to borrow.
φανερόω
ἐφανέρωσεν
πεφανερώμεθα
φανερωθήσεσθε
φανερώσαντες - V-APA-NMP
REVEAL
to make visible, make clear
passive used of something hitherto non-existent but now made actual and visible, realized.
To make known by teaching.
to expose to view, make manifest, show one.
Christ previously hidden from view in heaven but after his incarnation made visible on earth as a man among men.
Christ now hidden from sight in heaven but hereafter to return visibly.
to become known, to be plainly recognized, thoroughly understood: who and what one is.
Original Word: φανερόω
Part of Speech: Verb
Transliteration: phaneroó
Phonetic Spelling: (fan-er-o’-o)
Short Definition: I make clear, visible, or manifest
Definition: I make clear (visible, manifest), make known.
5319 phaneróō (from 5457 /phṓs, “light”) – properly, illumine, make manifest (visible); (figuratively) make plain, in open view; to become apparent (“graspable”).
5319 /phaneróō (“become manifest”) in 1 Jn 3:2
1 Jn 3:2: “Beloved, now we are children of God, and it has not appeared as yet what we will be.
We know that if (Gk ean) He becomes manifest (5319 /phaneróō), we will be like Him, because (hoti) we will see Him just as (Gk kathōs) He is.”
φανερός
CLARIFY
Original Word: φανερός, ά, όν
Part of Speech: Adjective
Transliteration: phaneros
Phonetic Spelling: (fan-er-os’)
Short Definition: apparent, clear, visible, manifest, clearly
Definition: apparent, clear, visible, manifest; adv: clearly.
apparent, manifest evident, known.
From phaino; shining, i.e. Apparent (literally or figuratively); neuter (as adverb) publicly, externally – abroad, + appear, known, manifest, open (+ -ly), outward (+ -ly).
φαίνω
BRING TO LIGHT
phainó: to bring to light, to cause to appear.
Shed light on the subject.
Original Word: φαίνω Part of Speech: Verb Transliteration: phainó Phonetic Spelling: (fah'-ee-no) Short Definition: I shine, appear, seem Definition: (a) act: I shine, shed light, (b) pass: I shine, become visible, appear, (c) I become clear, appear, seem, show myself as.
to bring forth into the light, cause to shine; to show.
to appear to the mind, seem to one’s judgment or opinion.
Prolongation for the base of phos; to lighten (shine), i.e. Show (transitive or intransitive, literal or figurative) – appear, seem, be seen, shine, X think.
φῶς
φωτός
ILLUMINATE - REASON
Original Word: φῶς, φωτός, τό
Part of Speech: Noun, Neuter
Transliteration: phós
Phonetic Spelling: (foce)
Short Definition: light, a source of light
Definition: light, a source of light, radiance.
reason, mind; the power of understanding especially moral and spiritual truth:
τό φῶς τό ἐν σοι.
5457 phṓs (a neuter noun) – properly, light (especially in terms of its results, what it manifests); in the NT, the manifestation of God’s self-existent life; divine illumination to reveal and impart life, through Christ.
cont. of phaos (light, daylight); from the same as phainó.
The extremely delicate, subtile, pure, brilliant quality of light has led to the use of φῶς as an appellation of God, i. e. as by nature incorporeal, spotless, holy.
φῶς οἴκων ἀπρόσιτον, a figure describing his nature as alike of consummate majesty and inaccessible to human comprehension, used of that heavenly state, consummate and free from every imperfection, to which the true disciples of Christ will be exalted, equivalent to the kingdom of light.
φῶς is used to denote truth and its knowledge, together with the spiritual purity congruous with it (opposed to τό σκότος.
ἡ ζωή ἦν τό φῶς τῶν ἀνθρώπων, had the nature of light in men, i. e. became the source of human wisdom, John 1:4; especially the saving truth embodied in Christ and by his love and effort imparted to mankind.
τό φῶς ὑμῶν, the divine truth with which ye are imbued.
ἔχειν τό φῶς τῆς ζωῆς, the light by which the true life is gained.
ἐν τῷ φωτί εἶναι, to be imbued with saving wisdom, μένειν, to continue devoted to it, to persevere in keeping it.
by metonymy, φῶς; is used of one in whom wisdom and spiritual purity shine forth, and who imparts the same to others: φῶς τῶν ἐν σκότει.
in a pre-eminent sense is Jesus the Messiah called φῶς.
τό φῶς τό ἀληθινόν, John 1:9; by the same name the disciples of Jesus are distinguished, Matthew 5:14; Christians are called φῶς ἐν κυρίῳ, having obtained saving wisdom in communion with Christ.
πᾶν τό φανερούμενον φῶς ἐστιν, everything made manifest by the aid of Christian truth has taken on the nature of light, so that its true character and quality are no longer hidden.
By a figure borrowed from daylight φῶς is used of that which is exposed to the view of all: ἐν τῷ φωτί (opposed to ἐν τῇ σκοτία), openly, publicly.
καταβῇ
καταβαίνω
καταβαίνοντος - V-PPA-GMS
καταβαίνουσαν - V-PPA-AFS
καταβήσεται - V-FIM-3S
GO DOWN - DESCEND
Original Word: καταβαίνω Part of Speech: Verb Transliteration: katabainó Phonetic Spelling: (kat-ab-ah'-ee-no) Short Definition: I go down, come down Definition: I go down, come down, either from the sky or from higher land, descend.
ἀναβαίνω
GO UP - ASSEND
Original Word: ἀναβαίνω Part of Speech: Verb Transliteration: anabainó Phonetic Spelling: (an-ab-ah'-ee-no) Short Definition: I go up, mount, ascend Definition: I go up, mount, ascend; of things: I rise, spring up, come up.
From ana and the same as basis.
βάσις - a step, hence a foot. ( 1’ )
One Foot in length. A Step.
from bainó (to walk, to go)
From baino (to walk); a pace (“base”), i.e. (by implication) the foot – foot.
βάσις, βάσεως, ἡ (ΒΑΩ, βαίνω);
1. a stepping, walking (Aeschylus, Sophocles, others).
- that with which one steps, the foot: Acts 3:7 (Plato, Tim., p. 92{a}, et al.; Wis. 13:18).
ἔμειναν
THEY STAYED
THEY REMAINED
THEY ABIDED
THEY ENDURED
THEY SOJOURNED
dwell at his own House.
to tarry the night as a guest, to lodge.
κατέβη
HE WENT DOWN
V-AIA-3S
προβαίνω
GO FOREWORD - STEP BY STEP
Original Word: προβαίνω Part of Speech: Verb Transliteration: probainó Phonetic Spelling: (prob-ah'-ee-no) Short Definition: I go forward Definition: I go forward, advance.
from pro and the same as basis.
From pro and the base of basis; to walk forward, i.e. Advance (literally, or in years) – + be of a great age, go farther (on), be well stricken.
βόσκω
βόας
FEED - PASTURE
Original Word: βόσκω Part of Speech: Verb Transliteration: boskó Phonetic Spelling: (bos'-ko) Short Definition: I feed Definition: I feed, pasture.
1006 bóskō – properly, feed (graze); (figuratively) spiritually nourish by feeding people the Word of God (Jn 21:15,17).
While 4166 (poimḗn) focuses on “shepherding” the flock of God (caring for them), 1006 (bóskō) stresses feeding them His Word.
(in a figurative discourse portraying the duty of a Christian teacher to promote in every way the spiritual welfare of the members of the church); ὁ βόσκων a herdsman.
A prolonged form of a primary verb (compare bibrosko, bous); to pasture; by extension to, fodder; reflexively, to graze – feed, keep.
βόας
Original Word: βοῦς, βοός, ὁ
Part of Speech: Noun, Masculine
Transliteration: bous
Phonetic Spelling: (booce)
Short Definition: an ox
Definition: an ox, cow, bull.
Probably from the base of bosko; an ox (as grazing), i.e. An animal of that species ("beef") -- ox.
ἐξέχεεν
ἐκχέω
POUR OUR - BESTOW LIBERALLY
Original Word: ἐκχέω Part of Speech: Verb Transliteration: ekcheo Phonetic Spelling: ( ek-kheh'-o,) Short Definition: I pour out, shed Definition: I pour out (liquid or solid); I shed, bestow liberally.
by metonymy, of the container for the contained, of wine, which when the vessel is burst runs out and is lost, used of other things usually guarded with care which are poured forth or cast out: that is, of money.
of the ruptured body of a man.
of a man thrust through with a sword, is frequently used of bloodshed.
metaphorically, equivalent to to bestow or distribute largely, the abundant bestowal of the Holy Spirit.
the Holy Spirit gives our souls a rich sense of the greatness of God’s love for us.
is used of those wire give themselves up to a thing, rush headlong into it.
τῇ πλάνη τοῦ Βαλαάμ μισθοῦ ἐξεχύθησαν.
Led astray by the hire of Balaam (i. e. by the same love of reward as Balaam) they gave themselves up, namely, to wickedness, for money. i.e. The whores of Babylon.
for hire they gave themselves up to the error of Balaam.
βόσκω
βόας
FEED - GRAZE
Original Word: βόσκω Part of Speech: Verb Transliteration: boskó Phonetic Spelling: (bos'-ko) Short Definition: I feed Definition: I feed, pasture.
1006 bóskō – properly, feed (graze); (figuratively) spiritually nourish by feeding people the Word of God (Jn 21:15,17).
While 4166 (poimḗn) focuses on “shepherding” the flock of God (caring for them), 1006 (bóskō) stresses feeding them His Word.
(in a figurative discourse portraying the duty of a Christian teacher to promote in every way the spiritual welfare of the members of the church); ὁ βόσκων a herdsman.
A prolonged form of a primary verb (compare bibrosko, bous); to pasture; by extension to, fodder; reflexively, to graze – feed, keep.
βόας
Original Word: βοῦς, βοός, ὁ
Part of Speech: Noun, Masculine
Transliteration: bous
Phonetic Spelling: (booce)
Short Definition: an ox
Definition: an ox, cow, bull.
Probably from the base of bosko; an ox (as grazing), i.e. An animal of that species ("beef") -- ox.
ἐξέχεεν
ἐκχέω
POUR OUT - RUPTURE - SHED
Original Word: ἐκχέω Part of Speech: Verb Transliteration: ekcheo Phonetic Spelling: ( ek-kheh'-o,) Short Definition: I pour out, shed Definition: I pour out (liquid or solid); I shed, bestow liberally.
by metonymy, of the container for the contained, of wine, which when the vessel is burst runs out and is lost, used of other things usually guarded with care which are poured forth or cast out: that is, of money.
of the ruptured body of a man.
of a man thrust through with a sword, is frequently used of bloodshed.
metaphorically, equivalent to to bestow or distribute largely, the abundant bestowal of the Holy Spirit.
the Holy Spirit gives our souls a rich sense of the greatness of God’s love for us.
is used of those wire give themselves up to a thing, rush headlong into it.
τῇ πλάνη τοῦ Βαλαάμ μισθοῦ ἐξεχύθησαν.
Led astray by the hire of Balaam (i. e. by the same love of reward as Balaam) they gave themselves up, namely, to wickedness, for money. i.e. The whores of Babylon.
for hire they gave themselves up to the error of Balaam.
δεικνύεις
δειχθέντα
δείκνυμι
Δείξατέ
δείξω
TO SHOW - EXHIBIT
Original Word: δείκνυμι Part of Speech: Verb Transliteration: deiknumi Phonetic Spelling: (dike-noo'-o) Short Definition: I point out, show Definition: I point out, show, exhibit; met: I teach, demonstrate, make known.
properly, to show, i. e. expose to the eyes.
metaphorically, in which one ought to go, i. e. to teach one what he ought to do.
to expose oneself to the view of.
δεῖξον ἡμῖν τόν πατέρα
render the Father visible to us.
to show, equivalent to to bring to pass, produce what can be seen (German sehenlassen); of miracles performed in presence of others to be seen by them.
τήν ἐπιφάνειαν Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ, spoken of God, as the author of Christ’s visible return.
with the accusative of the thing, to give the evidence or proof of a thing.
to show by words, to teach.
δεικνύεις
δειχθέντα
δείκνυμι
Δείξατέ
δείξω
TO SHOW - EXHIBIT
Original Word: δείκνυμι Part of Speech: Verb Transliteration: deiknumi Phonetic Spelling: (dike-noo'-o) Short Definition: I point out, show Definition: I point out, show, exhibit; met: I teach, demonstrate, make known.
properly, to show, i. e. expose to the eyes.
metaphorically, in which one ought to go, i. e. to teach one what he ought to do.
to expose oneself to the view of.
δεῖξον ἡμῖν τόν πατέρα
render the Father visible to us.
to show, equivalent to to bring to pass, produce what can be seen (German sehenlassen); of miracles performed in presence of others to be seen by them.
τήν ἐπιφάνειαν Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ, spoken of God, as the author of Christ’s visible return.
with the accusative of the thing, to give the evidence or proof of a thing.
to show by words, to teach.
βόσκω
βόας
GRAZE - EAT - FEED
Original Word: βόσκω Part of Speech: Verb Transliteration: boskó Phonetic Spelling: (bos'-ko) Short Definition: I feed Definition: I feed, pasture.
1006 bóskō – properly, feed (graze); (figuratively) spiritually nourish by feeding people the Word of God (Jn 21:15,17).
While 4166 (poimḗn) focuses on “shepherding” the flock of God (caring for them), 1006 (bóskō) stresses feeding them His Word.
(in a figurative discourse portraying the duty of a Christian teacher to promote in every way the spiritual welfare of the members of the church); ὁ βόσκων a herdsman.
A prolonged form of a primary verb (compare bibrosko, bous); to pasture; by extension to, fodder; reflexively, to graze – feed, keep.
βόας
Original Word: βοῦς, βοός, ὁ
Part of Speech: Noun, Masculine
Transliteration: bous
Phonetic Spelling: (booce)
Short Definition: an ox
Definition: an ox, cow, bull.
Probably from the base of bosko; an ox (as grazing), i.e. An animal of that species ("beef") -- ox.
ἐξέχεεν
ἐκχέω
POUR OUT - SHED
Original Word: ἐκχέω Part of Speech: Verb Transliteration: ekcheo Phonetic Spelling: ( ek-kheh'-o,) Short Definition: I pour out, shed Definition: I pour out (liquid or solid); I shed, bestow liberally.
by metonymy, of the container for the contained, of wine, which when the vessel is burst runs out and is lost, used of other things usually guarded with care which are poured forth or cast out: that is, of money.
of the ruptured body of a man.
of a man thrust through with a sword, is frequently used of bloodshed.
metaphorically, equivalent to to bestow or distribute largely, the abundant bestowal of the Holy Spirit.
the Holy Spirit gives our souls a rich sense of the greatness of God’s love for us.
is used of those wire give themselves up to a thing, rush headlong into it.
τῇ πλάνη τοῦ Βαλαάμ μισθοῦ ἐξεχύθησαν.
Led astray by the hire of Balaam (i. e. by the same love of reward as Balaam) they gave themselves up, namely, to wickedness, for money. i.e. The whores of Babylon.
for hire they gave themselves up to the error of Balaam.
ἐμνήσθημεν
μιμνήσκομαι
ἐμνήσθησαν
μνησθῇς
μνησθῶ
REMEMBER
mimnéskó: to remind, remember Original Word: μιμνήσκομαι Part of Speech: Verb Transliteration: mimnéskó Phonetic Spelling: (mim-nace'-ko) Short Definition: I remember, recall Definition: I remember, call to mind, recall, mention.
οἰκοδομέω
οἰκοδομήθη
BUILD UP - FOUND - ENCOURAGE
οἰκοδομέω
Part of Speech: Verb
Transliteration: oikodomeó
Phonetic Spelling: (oy-kod-om-eh’-o)
Short Definition: I build, build up, edify
Definition: I erect a building, build; fig. of the building up of character: I build up, edify, encourage.
HELPS Word-studies
3618 oikodoméō (from 3624 /oíkos, “a house” and domeō, “to build”) – properly, to build a house (home, edifice); (figuratively) to edify – literally, “build someone up,” helping them to stand (be strong, “sturdy”).
ἐπ’ ἀλλότριον θεμέλιον, to build upon a foundation laid by others, i. e. (without a figure) to carry on instruction begun by others.
contextually equivalent to to restore by building, to rebuild, repair.
metaphorically, α. equivalent to to found.
ἐπί ταύτῃ τῇ πέτρα οἰκοδομήσω μου τήν ἐκκλησίαν, i. e. by reason of the strength of thy faith thou shalt be my principal support in the establishment of my church, Matthew 16:18. β. Since both a Christian church and individual Christians are likened to a building or temple in which God or the Holy Spirit dwells.
the erection of which temple will not be completely finished till the return of Christ from heaven, those who, by action, instruction, exhortation, comfort, promote the Christian wisdom of others and help them to live a correspondent life are regarded as taking part in the erection of that building, and hence, are said οἰκοδομεῖν, i. e. (dropping the figure) to promote growth in Christian wisdom, affection, grace, virtue, holiness, blessedness.
passive to grow in wisdom, piety, etc.
universally, to give one strength and courage.
This metaphorical use of the verb Paul, in the opinion of Fritzsche (Ep. ad Romans, iii., p. 205f), did not derive from the figure, of building a temple, but from the O. T., where “בָּנָה and הָרַס with an accusative of the person (to build one up and to pull one down) denote to bless and to ruin; to prosper and to injure, anyone”
From the same as oikodome; to be a house-builder, i.e. Construct or (figuratively) confirm – (be in) build(-er, -ing, up), edify, embolden.
οἰκοδομή
TO BUILD A HOUSE
from oikos and the same as dóma
oikos: a house, a dwelling Original Word: οἶκος, ου, ὁ Part of Speech: Noun, Masculine Transliteration: oikos Phonetic Spelling: (oy'-kos) Short Definition: a house, household Definition: (a) a house, the material building, (b) a household, family, lineage, nation.
dóma: a house, a housetop Original Word: δῶμα, ατος, τό Part of Speech: Noun, Neuter Transliteration: dóma Phonetic Spelling: (do'-mah) Short Definition: the top of the house Definition: the roof (of a house), the top of the house. HELPS Word-studies 1430 dṓma (from demō, "to build a house") – the roof-area of a flat-roof house. Flat housetops were ideal on hot summer nights for sleeping and passing on information "from one housetop to another."
from demó (to build)
Original Word: οἰκοδομή, ῆς, ἡ
Part of Speech: Noun, Feminine
Transliteration: oikodomé
Phonetic Spelling: (oy-kod-om-ay’)
Short Definition: the act of building, a building, edification
Definition: (a) the act of building, (b) a building, (c) met: spiritual advancement, edification.
HELPS Word-studies
Cognate: 3619 oikodomḗ – properly, a building (edifice) serving as a home; (figuratively) constructive criticism and instruction that builds a person up to be the suitable dwelling place of God, i.e. where the Lord is “at home.” See 3618 (oikodemeō).
Original Word: δῶμα, ατος, τό Part of Speech: Noun, Neuter Transliteration: dóma Phonetic Spelling: (do'-mah) Short Definition: the top of the house Definition: the roof (of a house), the top of the house. HELPS Word-studies 1430 dṓma (from demō, "to build a house") – the roof-area of a flat-roof house. Flat housetops were ideal on hot summer nights for sleeping and passing on information "from one housetop to another."
ἐρεῶ
ἔρομαι
ASK
ἔρομαι • (éromai)
to ask
ἐρέω • (eréō)
first-person singular future active indicative uncontracted of εἴρω (eírō) and λέγω (légō)
εἴρω • (eírō)
I tie, join, fasten, string together
I insert
Original Word: ἔπος, ους, τό Part of Speech: Noun, Neuter Transliteration: epos Phonetic Spelling: (ep'-os) Short Definition: a word, so to speak Definition: a word, so to speak.
λέγω
I ORDER MY WORDS
λέγω • (légō)
I put in order, arrange, gather
I choose, count, reckon
Edit λέγω • (légō) I say, speak, converse, tell a story (middle passive) I mean
For the meaning “say, speak”, forms derived from other roots are more commonly used (suppletion): the future ἐρέω (eréō), future passive ῥηθήσομαι (rhēthḗsomai), and perfect εἴρηκᾰ (eírēka) from εἴρω (eírō), as well as the aorist εἶπον (eîpon).
Proto-Indo-European / leǵ-
*leǵ- (imperfective)
to gather
Latin - legūmen n (genitive legūminis);
third declension
legume (leguminous plant)
bean (plant)
Uncertain, but possibly connected to…
Latin - legere (“to gather”) because they can be scooped up in the hand. The second element is the common noun-forming suffix -men.
Latin lego (plural legi) law
εἶπον
SPOKE - SAID
εἶπον • (eîpon)
I said, spoke
εἶπον generally supplies aorist active forms to the verbs εἴρω (eírō) and λέγω (légō, “say”).
From Proto-Indo-European *wekʷ-om, from *wekʷ- (“to speak, make a sound”), from which also came ὄψ (óps, “voice, word”). Cognates include Sanskrit अवोचम् (á-vocam) and Latin vōx (“voice”).
πλήθω
FULL- FILL
Fill to completion. Fulfill.
Original Word: πλήθω
FILL
Part of Speech: Verb
Phonetic Spelling: (play’-tho)
Short Definition: I fill
Definition: I fill, fulfill, complete.
furnish, accomplish, fill, supply
A prolonged form of a primary pleo (pleh’-o) (which appears only as an alternate in certain tenses and in the reduplicated form pimplemi) to “fill” (literally or figuratively (imbue, influence, supply)); specially, to fulfil (time) – accomplish, full (…come), furnish.
4130 plḗthō (or pimplēmi) – properly, fill to the maximum (full extent), “the limit” (CBL). 4130 /plḗthō (“full”) implies “filled to one’s (individual) capacity.”
[This root (plē-) expresses totality, and implies full quantity (“up to the max”). DNTT (1,733) notes its cognates (plērēs, plēroō, plērōma) all come from the root (plē-/plēthō) meaning “full in quantity.” Thus 4130 /plḗthō (“to fill or complete”) refers to “that which is complete in itself because of plentitude, entire number or quantity. . . . the whole aggregate,” WS, 395,96).
4130 (plēthō) may be a by-form derived from the same root as pimplēmi. All these terms (cognates) emphasize the idea of “maximum (full extent).”]
ἀνέβη
WENT UP
He went up the hill.
κατέβη
WENT DOWN
He went down the hill.
βασανίζω
TORMENT -Trial by torture.
Original Word: βασανίζω
Part of Speech: Verb
Transliteration: basanizó
Phonetic Spelling: (bas-an-id’-zo)
Short Definition: I torment, torture, buffet
Definition: I examine, as by torture; I torment; I buffet, as of waves.
basanízō (from 931 /básanos, “a tormenting trial”) – properly, to examine (literally by using torture).
- properly, to test (metals) by the touchstone.
- to question by applying torture.
- to torture (2 Macc. 7:13); hence,
- universally, to vex with grievous pains (of body or mind), to torment.
- Passive to be harassed, distressed; of those who at sea are struggling with a head wind,
Mark 6:48; of a ship tossed by the waves.
From basanos; to torture – pain, toil, torment, toss, vex.
βάσανος
OBJECT OF TORMENT.
Original Word: βάσανος, ου, ἡ Part of Speech: Noun, Feminine Transliteration: basanos Phonetic Spelling: (bas'-an-os) Short Definition: torture, torment Definition: torture, torment, examination by torture.
Cognate: 931 básanos – originally, a black, silicon-based stone used as “a touchstone” to test the purity of precious metals (like silver and gold). See 928 (basanízō).
[In the papyri, basanos also means, “touchstone,” “test” (so P Oxy I. 58.25, ad 288).
931 (basanois) was “originally (from oriental origin) a touchstone; a ‘Lydian stone’ used for testing gold because pure gold rubbed on it left a peculiar mark. Then it was used for examination by torture. Sickness was often regarded as ‘torture’ “ (WP, 1, 37).]
a. the touchstone (called also basanite, LatinlapisLydius), by which gold and other metals are tested.
b. the rack or instrument of torture by which one is forced to divulge the truth.
c. torture, torment, acute pains: used of the pains of disease,
Matthew 4:24; of the torments of the wicked after death, ἐν βασάνοις ὑπάρχειν.
Perhaps remotely from the same as basis (through the notion of going to the bottom); a touch-stone, i.e. (by analogy) torture – torment.
μετανοέω
TO CHANGE ONES MIND.
Original Word: μετανοέω
Part of Speech: Verb
Transliteration: metanoeó
Phonetic Spelling: (met-an-o-eh’-o)
Short Definition: I repent, change my mind
Definition: I repent, change my mind, change the inner man (particularly with reference to acceptance of the will of God), repent.
3340 metanoéō (from 3326 /metá, “changed after being with” and 3539 /noiéō, “think”) – properly, “think differently after,” “after a change of mind”; to repent (literally, “think differently afterwards”).
from meta and noeó.
to change one’s mind, i. e. to repent (to feel sorry that one has done this or that, Jonah 3:9)
of (on account of) something, used especially of those who, conscious of their sins and with manifest tokens of sorrow, are intent; on obtaining God’s pardon; to repent.
to change one’s mind for the better, heartily to amend with abhorrence of one’s past sins.
a heart changed and abhorring sin.
Since τό μετανοεῖν expresses mental direction, the termini from which and to which may be specified: ἀπό τῆς κακίας, to withdraw or turn one’s soul from…
From meta and noieo; to think differently or afterwards, i.e. Reconsider (morally, feel compunction) – repent.
νοέω
Noetics
TO THINK, CONSIDER, PONDER.
MENTAL EFFORT TOWARD GOAL.
SOLVING PROBLEMS.
Original Word: νοέω Part of Speech: Verb Transliteration: noeó Phonetic Spelling: (noy-eh'-o) Short Definition: I understand, consider Definition: I understand, think, consider, conceive, apprehend; aor. possibly: realize.
3539 noiéō (from 3563 /noús, “mind”) –
properly, to apply mental effort needed to reach “bottom-line” conclusions.
3539 (noiéō) underlines the moral culpability we all have before God – for every decision (value-judgment) we make. This follows from each of us being created in the divine image – hence, possessing the inherent capacity by the Lord to exercise moral reasoning.
to perceive with the mind, to understand.
to think upon, heed, ponder, consider.
From nous; to exercise the mind (observe), i.e. (figuratively) to comprehend, heed – consider, perceive, think, understand.
Original Word: νοῦς, νοός, νοΐ, νοῦν, ὁ
Part of Speech: Noun, Masculine
Transliteration: nous
Phonetic Spelling: (nooce)
Short Definition: the mind, reasoning faculty
Definition: the mind, the reason, the reasoning faculty, intellect.
3563 noús (a masculine noun) – the God-given capacity of each person to think (reason); the mind; mental capacity to exercise reflective thinking. For the believer, 3563 (noús) is the organ of receiving God’s thoughts, through faith.
Ro 12:2,3: “2And do not be conformed to this world, but be transformed by the renewing of your mind (3563 /ólynthos), so that you may prove what the will (2307 /thélēma) of God is, that which is good and acceptable and perfect. 3For through the grace given to me I say to everyone among you not to think more highly of himself than he ought to think; but to think so as to have sound judgment, as God has allotted to each a measure of faith (4102 /pístis)” (NASU).
the mind, comprising alike the faculties of perceiving and understanding and those of feeling, judging, determining.
the intellective faculty, the understanding.
Opposed to τό πνεῦμα, the predefined spirit of God and his ideas, intensely roused and completely absorbed with divine things, given to humans who are destitute of clear ideas of their own, and need to be furnished with the understanding of Christ, the perfected and innocent model of a correct and true mind. In other words, the work of thinking has already been done for you,
you just need to -down load- “God’s Ideas” into your own mind to be perfect (like him).
reason (German die Vernunft) in the narrower sense, as the capacity for spiritual truth, the higher powers of the soul, the faculty of perceiving dibble things, of recognizing goodness and of hating evil.
c. the power of considering and judging soberly, calmly and impartially: 2 Thessalonians 2:2.
a particular mode of thinking and judging.
Probably from the base of ginosko; the intellect, i.e. Mind (divine or human; in thought, feeling, or will); by implication, meaning – mind, understanding. Compare psuche.
διαβάλλω
SLANDER - DEFAME - FALSLY ACCUSE
TO BRING FALSE CHARGES (Hostile Intent)
DIABLO
Original Word: διαβάλλω
Part of Speech: Verb
Transliteration: diaballó
Phonetic Spelling: (dee-ab-al’-lo)
Short Definition: I slander, complain of, accuse
Definition: I thrust through, slander, complain of, accuse.
1225 diabállō – properly, “to throw across (back and forth), “either with rocks or words (with slander, gossip, used only in Lk 16:1). The word implies malice even if the thing said is true. 1228 /diábolos (‘slanderer’) is this same root and it is used even of women, ‘she-devils’ (1 Tim 3:11)” (WP, 2, 215).
from dia and balló
DIA
dia: through, on account of, because of
Original Word: διά
Part of Speech: Preposition
Transliteration: dia
Phonetic Spelling: (dee-ah')
Short Definition: through, on account of
Definition: (a) gen: through, throughout, by the instrumentality of, (b) acc: through, on account of, by reason of, for the sake of, because of.
HELPS Word-studies
1223 diá (a preposition) – properly, across (to the other side), back-and-forth to go all the way through, "successfully across" ("thoroughly"). 1223 (diá) is also commonly used as a prefix and lend the same idea ("thoroughly," literally, "successfully" across to the other side).
[1223 (diá) is a root of the English term diameter (“across to the other side, through”).
BALLO
Original Word: βάλλω
Part of Speech: Verb
Transliteration: balló
Phonetic Spelling: (bal’-lo)
Short Definition: I cast, throw, rush, put, place, drop
Definition: (a) I cast, throw, rush, (b) often, in the weaker sense: I place, put, drop.
πειράζω
πειρασθῆναι
TEMPT - TEST - TRIAL
Original Word: πειράζω Part of Speech: Verb Transliteration: peirazó Phonetic Spelling: (pi-rad'-zo) Short Definition: I try, tempt, test Definition: I try, tempt, test. HELPS Word-studies 3985 peirázō (from 3984 /peíra, "test, trial") – "originally to test, to try which was its usual meaning in the ancient Greek and in the LXX" (WP, 1, 30). "The word means either test or tempt" (WP, 1, 348). Context alone determines which sense is intended, or if both apply simultaneously.
3985 (peirazō) means “tempt” (“negative sense”) in: Mt 16:1, 19:3, 22:18,35; Mk 8:11, 10:2, 12:15; Lk 11:16, 20:33; Jn 8:6; Js 1:13,14.
3985 (peirazō) however is used of positive tests in: Mt 4:11; Lk 22:28; 1 Cor 10:13; Js 1:12.
Original Word: πεῖρα, ας, ἡ Part of Speech: Noun, Feminine Transliteration: peira Phonetic Spelling: (pi'-rah) Short Definition: a trial, experiment Definition: a trial, experiment, attempt.
to attempt a thing, to make trial of a thing or a person.
to have trial of a thing, i. e. to experience, learn to know by experience.
From the base of peran (through the idea of piercing); a test, i.e. Attempt, experience – assaying, trial.
Original Word: πέραν Part of Speech: Adverb Transliteration: peran Phonetic Spelling: (per'-an) Short Definition: over, beyond Definition: over, on the other side, beyond.
ἐσθίω
ἐσθίωσιν
ἐσθιέτω
ἐσθίοντα
ἤσθιον
TO EAT
Original Word: ἐσθίω Part of Speech: Verb Transliteration: esthió Phonetic Spelling: (es-thee'-o) Short Definition: I eat Definition: I eat, partake of food; met: I devour, consume (e.g. as rust does).
akin to edó (to eat)
ἐσθίειν (καί πίνειν) μετά τίνος, to dine, feast (in company) with one, Matthew 9:11; Mark 2:16; Luke 5:30; with one (he providing the entertainment), i. e. at his house.
ἐπί τραπέζης τοῦ Χριστοῦ, the food and drink spread out on Christ’s table, i. e. to enjoy the blessings of the salvation procured by Christ (which is likened to a banquet).
contextually, to be supported at the expense of others.
those who, careless about other and especially graver matters, lead an easy, merry life.
ἐσθίωσιν (esthiōsin) — 2 Occurrences Matthew 15:2 V-PSA-3P GRK: ὅταν ἄρτον ἐσθίωσιν NAS: their hands when they eat bread. KJV: hands when they eat bread. INT: when bread they eat
2 Thessalonians 3:12 V-PSA-3P GRK: ἑαυτῶν ἄρτον ἐσθίωσιν NAS: in quiet fashion and eat their own KJV: they work, and eat their own INT: of themselves bread they might eat
ἐσθιέτω (esthietō) — 3 Occurrences 1 Corinthians 11:28 V-PMA-3S GRK: τοῦ ἄρτου ἐσθιέτω καὶ ἐκ NAS: and in so doing he is to eat of the bread KJV: and so let him eat of [that] bread, INT: the bread let him eat and of
ἐσθίοντα (esthionta) — 2 Occurrences
Romans 14:3 V-PPA-AMS
GRK: τὸν μὴ ἐσθίοντα μὴ ἐξουθενείτω
NAS: the one who does not eat, and the one
KJV: despise him that eateth not;
INT: him that not eats not let him despise
ἤσθιον (ēsthion) — 4 Occurrences
Luke 6:1 V-IIA-3P
GRK: αὐτοῦ καὶ ἤσθιον τοὺς στάχυας
NAS: them in their hands, and eating [the grain].
KJV: and did eat, rubbing
INT: of him and were eating the heads of grain
νῆστις
FASTING
Original Word: νῆστις, ιος, ὁ, ἡ Part of Speech: Adjective Transliteration: néstis Phonetic Spelling: (nace'-tis) Short Definition: fasting, without food Definition: fasting, not eating. NAS Exhaustive Concordance Word Origin from né- (implying negation) and the same as esthió Definition not eating NASB Translation hungry (2).
Thayer’s Greek Lexicon
STRONGS NT 3523: νῆστις
νῆστις, accusative plural νήστεις and (so Tdf. (cf. Proleg., p. 1183) νῆστις (see Lob. ad Phryn., p. 326; Fritzsche, Commentary on Mark, p. 796f; cf. (WHs Appendix, p. 157b); Buttmann, 26 (23)), ὁ, ἡ (from νή and ἐσθίω, see νήπιος), fasting, not having eaten: Matthew 15:32; Mark 8:3. (Homer, Aeschylus, Hippocrates (), Aristophanes, others.)
Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance
fasting.
From the inseparable negative particle ne- (not) and esthio; not eating, i.e. Abstinent from food (religiously) – fasting.
see GREEK esthio
Forms and Transliterations
νηστεις νήστεις νηστόν nesteis nēsteis nḗsteis
Links
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ᾔδεισαν
THEY HAD KNOWN
They have known
The had come to know
V-LIA-3P
ἠντληκότες
ἀντλέω
THEY HAVING DRAWN
V-RPA-NMP
To pull, draw-forth, draw down.
To dip a paddle and draw water.
Original Word: ἀντλέω Part of Speech: Verb Transliteration: antleó Phonetic Spelling: (ant-leh-o) Short Definition: I draw, draw out Definition: I draw (generally water from a deep well in the ground); perhaps: I draw out.
from antlos (a ship’s hold, bilge water in a ship’s hold)
to bail out, draw water
προσκυνέω
PROSTRATE
WORSHIP
Original Word: προσκυνέω Part of Speech: Verb Transliteration: proskuneó Phonetic Spelling: (pros-koo-neh'-o) Short Definition: I worship Definition: I go down on my knees to, do obeisance to, worship.
from pros and kuneó (to kiss)
to do reverence to.
bow down before.
4352 proskynéō (from 4314 /prós, “towards” and kyneo, “to kiss”) – properly, to kiss the ground when prostrating before a superior; to worship, ready “to fall down/prostrate oneself to adore on one’s knees” (DNTT); to “do obeisance” (BAGD).
[“The basic meaning of 4352 (proskynéō), in the opinion of most scholars, is to kiss. . . . On Egyptian reliefs worshipers are represented with outstretched hand throwing a kiss to (pros-) the deity” (DNTT, 2, 875,876).
4352 (proskyneō) has been (metaphorically) described as “the kissing-ground” between believers (the Bride) and Christ (the heavenly Bridegroom). While this is true, 4352 (proskynéō) suggests the willingness to make all necessary physical gestures of obeisance.]
ἐλήλυθας
ἐλήλυθας ,
You have come
V-RIA-2S
ἀπόληται
MAY PERISH
ἀπόληται ,
should perish
V-ASM-3S
Original Word: ἀπόλλυμι
Part of Speech: Verb
Transliteration: apollumi
Phonetic Spelling: (ap-ol’-loo-mee)
Short Definition: I destroy, lose, am perishing
Definition: (a) I kill, destroy, (b) I lose, mid: I am perishing (the resultant death being viewed as certain).
HELPS Word-studies
622 apóllymi (from 575 /apó, “away from,” which intensifies ollymi, “to destroy”) – properly, fully destroy, cutting off entirely (note the force of the prefix, 575 /apó).
622 /apóllymi (“violently/completely perish”) implies permanent (absolute) destruction, i.e. to cancel out (remove); “to die, with the implication of ruin and destruction” (L & N, 1, 23.106); cause to be lost (utterly perish) by experiencing a miserable end.
κρίνῃ
MAY JUDGE
κρίνῃ
He might judge
V-ASA-3S
Strong’s Concordance
krinó: to judge, decide
Original Word: κρίνω
Part of Speech: Verb
Transliteration: krinó
Phonetic Spelling: (kree’-no)
Short Definition: I judge, decide, think good
Definition: (a) I judge, whether in a law-court or privately: sometimes with cognate nouns emphasizing the notion of the verb, (b) I decide, I think (it) good.
HELPS Word-studies
2919 krínō – properly, to separate (distinguish), i.e. judge; come to a choice (decision, judgment) by making a judgment – either positive (a verdict in favor of) or negative (which rejects or condemns).
J. Thayer comments that “the proper meaning of 2919 (krínō) is to pick out (choose) by separating” (as also used in Homer, Herodotus, Aeschyl., Xenophon, Plato). 2919 /krínō (“distinguish, judge”) typically refers to making a determination of right or wrong (innocence or guilt), especially on an official (legal) standard. We only judge (2919 /krínō) accurately by intelligent comparison and contrast based on God’s word, i.e. to approve (prefer) what is correct and reject what is inferior (wrong).
[2919 (krínō) is used of “bringing to trial” (the trying of fact) in a court of law.
2919 (krinō) originally meant “separate.” So Homer, of Ceres separating the grain from the chaff (Iliad, v, 501). Thence, ‘to distinguish, to pick out, to be of opinion, to judge’ “ (WS, 418).]
σῴζω
SAVE - HEAL - CURE - PRESERVE - RESCUE - WELL - HEALTHY
To be made whole.
from sós (safe, well)
Original Word: σῴζω Part of Speech: Verb Transliteration: sózó Phonetic Spelling: (sode'-zo) Short Definition: I save, heal Definition: I save, heal, preserve, rescue. HELPS Word-studies 4982 sṓzō (from sōs, "safe, rescued") – properly, deliver out of danger and into safety; used principally of God rescuing believers from the penalty and power of sin – and into His provisions (safety).
to save, to keep safe and sound, to rescue from danger or destruction.
universally, τινα, one (from injury or peril); to save a suffering one (from perishing), e. g. one suffering from disease, to make well, heal, restore to health.
to preserve one who is in danger of destruction, to save (i. e. rescue)
the genitive of the place, to bring safe forth from.
to save in the technical biblical sense; — negatively, to deliver from the penalties of the Messianic judgment, Joel 2:32 (); to save from the evils which obstruct the reception of the Messianic deliverance.
positively, to make one a partaker of the salvation by Christ.
Since salvation begins in this life (in deliverance from error and corrupt notions, in moral purity, in pardon of sin, and in the blessed peace of a soul reconciled to God), but on the visible return of Christ from heaven will he perfected in the consummate blessings of ὁ αἰών ὁ μέλλων, we can understand why τό σῴζεσθαι is spoken of in some passages as a present possession, in others as a good yet future: — as a blessing beginning (or begun)on earth.
From a primary sos (contraction for obsolete saos, “safe”); to save, i.e. Deliver or protect (literally or figuratively) – heal, preserve, save (self), do well, be (make) whole.
[4982 (sṓzō) is the root of: 4990 /sōtḗr (“Savior”), 4991 /sōtēría (“salvation”) and the adjectival form, 4992 /sōtḗrion (what is “saved/rescued from destruction and brought into divine safety”).]
σῴζω (others, σῴζω (cf. WH. Introductory § 410; Meisterhans, p. 87)); future σώσω; 1 aorist ἔσωσα; perfect σέσωκα; passive, present σώζομαι; imperfect ἐσωζομην; perfect 3 person singular (Acts 4:9) σέσωσται and (according to Tdf.) σέσωται (cf. Kühner, 1:912; (Photius, under the word; Rutherford, New Phryn., p. 99; Veitch, under the word)); 1 aorist ἐσώθην; 1 future σωθήσομαι;
(σῶς ‘safe and sound’ )
(cf. Latinsanus; Curtius, § 570; Vanicek, p. 1038)); from Homer down; the Sept. very often for הושִׁיעַ , also for מִלֵּט, נִצֵּל, and הִצִּיל, sometimes for עָזַר; to save, to keep safe and sound, to rescue from danger or destruction (opposed to ἀπόλλυμι, which see); Vulg.salvumfacio (orfio),salvo (salvifico, libero, etc.);
a. universally, τινα, one (from injury or peril); to save a suffering one (from perishing), e. g. one suffering from disease, to make well, heal, restore to health: Matthew 9:22; Mark 5:34; Mark 10:52; Luke 7:50 (others understand this as including spiritual healing (see b. below)); Luke 8:48; Luke 17:19; Luke 18:42; James 5:15; passive, Matthew 9:21; Mark 5:23, 28; Mark 6:56; Luke 8:36, 50; John 11:12; Acts 4:9 (cf. Buttmann, § 144, 25); . to preserve one who is in danger of destruction, to save (i. e. rescue): Matthew 8:25; Matthew 14:30; Matthew 24:22; Matthew 27:40, 42, 49; Mark 13:20; Mark 15:30; Luke 23:35, 37, 39; passive, Acts 27:20, 31; 1 Peter 4:18; τήν ψυχήν, (physical) life, Matthew 16:25; Mark 3:4; Mark 8:35; Luke 6:9; Luke 9:24 and R G L in ; σῴζειν τινα ἐκ with the genitive of the place, to bring safe forth from, Jude 1:5; ἐκ τῆς ὥρας ταύτης, from the peril of this hour, John 12:27; with the genitive of the state, ἐκ θανάτου, Hebrews 5:7; cf. Bleek, Brief an d. Hebrews 2:2, p. 70f; (Winers Grammar, § 30, 6 a.; see ἐκ, I. 5).
to save in the technical biblical sense; — negatively, to deliver from the penalties of the Messianic judgment, Joel 2:32 (); to save from the evils which obstruct the reception of the Messianic deliverance: ἀπό τῶν ἁμαρτιῶν, Matthew 1:21; ἀπό τῆς ὀργῆς namely, τοῦ Θεοῦ, from the punitive wrath of God at the judgment of the last day, Romans 5:9; ἀπό τῆς γενεάς τῆς σκολιᾶς ταύτης, Acts 2:40; ψυχήν ἐκ θανάτου (see θάνατος, 2), James 5:20; (ἐκ πυρός ἁρπάζοντες, Jude 1:23) — positively, to make one a partaker of the salvation by Christ (opposed to ἀπόλλυμι, which see): hence, σῴζεσθαι and ἐισέρχεσθαι εἰς τήν βασιλείαν τοῦ Θεοῦ are interchanged, Matthew 19:25, cf. Matthew 19:24; Mark 10:26, cf. Mark 10:25; Luke 18:26, cf. Luke 18:25; so σῴζεσθαι and ζωήν αἰώνιον ἔχειν, John 3:17, cf. John 3:16.
Since salvation begins in this life (in deliverance from error and corrupt notions, in moral purity, in pardon of sin, and in the blessed peace of a soul reconciled to God), but on the visible return of Christ from heaven will he perfected in the consummate blessings of ὁ αἰών ὁ μέλλων, we can understand why τό σῴζεσθαι is spoken of in some passages as a present possession, in others as a good yet future: — as a blessing beginning (or begun) on earth, Matthew 18:11 Rec.; Luke 8:12; Luke 19:10; John 5:34; John 10:9; John 12:47; Romans 11:14; 1 Corinthians 1:21; 1 Corinthians 7:16; 1 Corinthians 9:22; 1 Corinthians 10:33; 1 Corinthians 15:2; 1 Thessalonians 2:16; 2 Thessalonians 2:10; 2 Timothy 1:9; Titus 3:5; 1 Peter 3:21; τῇ ἐλπίδι (dative of the instrument) ἐσώθημεν (aorist of the time when they turned to Christ), Romans 8:24; χάριτι ἐστε σεσῳσμένοι διά τῆς πίστεως, Ephesians 2:5 (cf. Buttmann, § 144, 25), 8; — as a thing still future, Matthew 10:22; Matthew 24:13; (Mark 13:13); Romans 5:10; 1 Corinthians 3:15; 1 Timothy 2:15; James 4:12; τήν ψυχήν, Mark 8:35; Luke 9:24; ψυχάς, Luke 9:56 Rec.; τό πνεῦμα, passive, 1 Corinthians 5:5; by a pregnant construction (see εἰς, C. 1, p. 185b bottom), τινα εἰς τήν βασιλείαν τοῦ κυρίου αἰώνιον, to save and transport into etc. 2 Timothy 4:18 (ἡ εὐσέβεια ἡ σωζουσα εἰς τήν ζωήν αἰώνιον, 4 Macc. 15:2; many examples of this construction are given in Passow, vol. ii., p. 1802{a}; (cf. Liddell and Scott, under the word II. 2)). universally: (Mark 16:16); Acts 2:21; Acts 4:12; Acts 11:14; Acts 14:9; Acts 15:1,(); f; Romans 9:27; Romans 10:9, 13; Romans 11:26; 1 Timothy 2:4; 1 Timothy 4:16; Hebrews 7:25; James 2:14; ἁμαρτωλούς, 1 Timothy 1:15; τάς ψυχάς, James 1:21; οἱ σῳζόμενοι, Revelation 21:24 Rec.; Luke 13:23; Acts 2:47; opposed to οἱ ἀπολλύμενοι, 1 Corinthians 1:18; 2 Corinthians 2:15 (see ἀπόλλυμι, 1 a. β’.). (Compare: διασῴζω, ἐκσῴζω.)
bring...safely (1), cured (1), ensure salvation (1), get (1), get well (2), made...well (6), made well (5), preserved (1), recover (1), restore (1), save (36), saved (50), saves (1), saving (1).
save (v.)
c. 1200, “to deliver from some danger; rescue from peril, bring to safety,” also “prevent the death of;” also theological, “to deliver from sin or its consequences; admit to eternal life; gain salvation,” from Old French sauver “keep (safe), protect, redeem,” from Late Latin salvare “make safe, secure,” from Latin salvus “safe” (from PIE root *sol- “whole, well-kept”). From c. 1300 as “reserve for future use, hold back, store up instead of spending;” hence “keep possession of” (late 14c.).
*sol-
also solə-, Proto-Indo-European root meaning “whole, well-kept.”
It forms all or part of: catholic; consolidate; consolidation; holism; holo-; holocaust; Holocene; hologram; holograph; insouciant; safe; safety; sage (n.1) kind of herb; salubrious; salutary; salute; salvage; salvific; salvo “simultaneous discharge of guns;” save (v.) “deliver from danger;” save (prep.) “except;” solder; soldier; solemn; solicit; solicitous; solid; solidarity; solidity; sou.
It is the hypothetical source of/evidence for its existence is provided by: Sanskrit sarvah “uninjured, intact, whole;” Avestan haurva- “uninjured, intact;” Old Persian haruva-; Greek holos “whole;” Latin salvus “uninjured, in good health, safe,” salus “good health,” solidus “solid;” Armenian olj “whole, healthy.”
sojourn (v.)
late 13c., “stay temporarily, reside for a time; visit;” also “reside permanently, dwell;” from Old French sojorner “stay or dwell for a time,” from Vulgar Latin *subdiurnare “to spend the day” (source also of Italian soggiornare), from Latin sub- “under, until” (see sub-) + diurnare “to last long,” from diurnus “of a day,” from diurnum “day” (from PIE root *dyeu- “to shine”). Modern French séjourner formed via vowel dissimilation. Related: Sojourned; sojourning.
adjourn (v.)
mid-14c., ajournen, “assign a day, fix a day” (for convening or reconvening of an organized body), from Old French ajorner (12c.) “meet” (at an appointed time), from the phrase à jorn “to another day, to a (stated) day,” from à “to” (see ad-) + journ “day,” from Latin diurnus “daily,” from dies “day,” from PIE root *dyeu- “to shine.”
The notion is of setting a date for re-meeting. Meaning “to close a meeting” (with or without intention to reconvene) is from early 15c. Meaning “to go in a body to another place” (1640s) is colloquial. The English word has had the -d- since 16c., but the spelling is unetymological, as the compound apparently is not from Latin; Middle French also occasionally has adjourner, but this was rejected in Modern French. Related: Adjourned; adjourning.
*dyeu-
Proto-Indo-European root meaning “to shine,” in derivatives “sky, heaven, god.”
It is the hypothetical source of/evidence for its existence is provided by: Sanskrit deva “god” (literally “shining one”); diva “by day;” Avestan dava- “spirit, demon;” Greek delos “clear;” Latin dies “day,” deus “god;” Welsh diw, Breton deiz “day;” Armenian tiw “day;” Lithuanian dievas “god,” diena “day;” Old Church Slavonic dini, Polish dzień, Russian den “day;” Old Norse tivar “gods;” Old English Tig, genitive Tiwes, name of a god.
It forms all or part of: adieu; adios; adjourn; Asmodeus; circadian; deific; deify; deism; deity; deodand; deus ex machina; deva; dial; diary; Diana; Dianthus; diet (n.2) “assembly;” Dioscuri; Dis; dismal; diurnal; diva; Dives; divine; joss; journal; journalist; journey; Jove; jovial; Julia; Julius; July; Jupiter; meridian; Midi; per diem; psychedelic; quotidian; sojourn; Tuesday; Zeus.
sub-
word-forming element meaning “under, beneath; behind; from under; resulting from further division,” from Latin preposition sub “under, below, beneath, at the foot of,” also “close to, up to, towards;” of time, “within, during;” figuratively “subject to, in the power of;” also “a little, somewhat” (as in sub-horridus “somewhat rough”), from PIE *(s)up- (perhaps representing *ex-upo-), a variant form of the root *upo “under,” also “up from under.” The Latin word also was used as a prefix and in various combinations.
In Latin assimilated to following -c-, -f-, -g-, -p-, and often -r- and -m-. In Old French the prefix appears in the full Latin form only “in learned adoptions of old Latin compounds” [OED], and in popular use it was represented by sous-, sou-; as in French souvenir from Latin subvenire, souscrire (Old French souzescrire) from subscribere, etc.
The original meaning is now obscured in many words from Latin (suggest, suspect, subject, etc.). The prefix is active in Modern English, sometimes meaning “subordinate” (as in subcontractor); “inferior” (17c., as in subhuman); “smaller” (18c.); “a part or division of” (c. 1800, as in subcontinent).
telos (n.)
“ultimate object or aim,” 1904, from Greek telos “the end, limit, goal, fulfillment, completion,” from PIE *kwel-es-, suffixed form of root *kwel- (1) “revolve, move round; sojourn, dwell,” perhaps via the notion of “turning point (of a race-course, a field).”
wheel (n.)
Old English hweol, hweogol “wheel,” from Proto-Germanic *hwewlaz (source also of Old Norse hvel, Old Swedish hiughl, Old Frisian hwel, Middle Dutch weel), from PIE *kw(e)-kwl-o- “wheel, circle,” suffixed, reduplicated form of root *kwel- (1) “revolve, move round; sojourn, dwell.”
Figurative sense is early 14c. Wheel of fortune attested from early 15c. Slang wheels “a car” is recorded from 1959. Wheeler-dealer is from 1954, a rhyming elaboration of dealer.
*kwel- (1)
also *kwelə-, Proto-Indo-European root meaning “revolve, move round; sojourn, dwell.”
It is the hypothetical source of/evidence for its existence is provided by: Sanskrit cakram “circle, wheel,” carati “he moves, wanders;” Avestan caraiti “applies himself,” c’axra “chariot, wagon;” Greek kyklos “circle, wheel, any circular body, circular motion, cycle of events,”polos “a round axis” (PIE *kw- becomes Greek p- before some vowels), polein “move around;” Latin colere “to frequent, dwell in, to cultivate, move around,” cultus “tended, cultivated,” hence also “polished,” colonus “husbandman, tenant farmer, settler, colonist;” Lithuanian kelias “a road, a way;” Old Norse hvel, Old English hweol “wheel;” Old Church Slavonic kolo, Old Russian kolo, Polish koło, Russian koleso “a wheel.”
*kwel- (2)
Proto-Indo-European root meaning “far” (in space or time). Some sources connect this root with *kwel- (1), forming words to do with turning, via the notion of “completion of a cycle.”
It forms all or part of: paleo-; tele-; teleconference; telegony; telegraph; telegram; telekinesis; Telemachus; telemeter; telepathy; telephone; telescope; television.
It is the hypothetical source of/evidence for its existence is provided by: Sanskrit caramah “the last;” Greek tele “far off, afar, at or to a distance,” palaios “old, ancient,” palai “long ago, far back;” Breton pell “far off,” Welsh pellaf “uttermost.”
whole (adj.)
Old English hal “entire, whole; unhurt, uninjured, safe; healthy, sound; genuine, straightforward,” from Proto-Germanic *haila- “undamaged” (source also of Old Saxon hel, Old Norse heill, Old Frisian hal, Middle Dutch hiel, Dutch heel, Old High German, German heil “salvation, welfare”), from PIE *kailo- “whole, uninjured, of good omen” (source also of Old Church Slavonic celu “whole, complete;” see health).
The spelling with wh- developed early 15c. The sense in whole number is from early 14c. Whole milk is from 1782. On the whole “considering all facts or circumstances” is from 1690s. For phrase whole hog, see hog (n.).
health (n.)
Old English hælþ “wholeness, a being whole, sound or well,” from Proto-Germanic *hailitho, from PIE *kailo- “whole, uninjured, of good omen” (source also of Old English hal “hale, whole;” Old Norse heill “healthy;” Old English halig, Old Norse helge “holy, sacred;” Old English hælan “to heal”). With Proto-Germanic abstract noun suffix *-itho (see -th (2)).
Of physical health in Middle English, but also “prosperity, happiness, welfare; preservation, safety.” An abstract noun to whole, not to heal. Meaning “a salutation” (in a toast, etc.) wishing one welfare or prosperity is from 1590s. Health food is from 1848.
-th (2)
suffix forming nouns of action, state, or quality from verbs or adjectives (such as depth, strength, truth), from Old English -ðu, -ð, from Proto-Germanic *-itho (cognates: Old Norse -þ, Old High German -ida, Gothic -iþa), abstract noun suffix, from PIE *-ita (cognates: Sanskrit -tati-; Greek -tet-; Latin -tati-, as in libertatem “liberty” from liber “free”). Sometimes in English reduced to -t, especially after -h- (as in height).
heal (v.)
Old English hælan “cure; save; make whole, sound and well,” from Proto-Germanic *hailjan (source also of Old Saxon helian, Old Norse heila, Old Frisian hela, Dutch helen, German heilen, Gothic ga-hailjan “to heal, cure”), literally “to make whole,” from PIE *kailo- “whole” (see health). Intransitive sense from late 14c. Related: Healed; healing.
hale (adj.)
“in good health, robust,” Old English hal “healthy, sound, safe; entire; uninjured; genuine, straightforward,” from Proto-Germanic *hailaz(source also of Old Frisian hel”complete, full; firm” (of ground), Old High German heil, Old Norse heill “hale, sound,” Gothichails “hale”), from PIE *kailo- “whole, uninjured, of good omen” (see health). The Scottish and northern English form of whole and with a more etymological spelling. It later acquired a literary sense of “free from infirmity” (1734), especially in reference to the aged. Related: Haleness.
whole (adj.)
Old English hal “entire, whole; unhurt, uninjured, safe; healthy, sound; genuine, straightforward,” from Proto-Germanic *haila- “undamaged” (source also of Old Saxon hel, Old Norse heill, Old Frisian hal, Middle Dutch hiel, Dutch heel, Old High German, German heil “salvation, welfare”), from PIE *kailo- “whole, uninjured, of good omen” (source also of Old Church Slavonic celu “whole, complete;” see health).
heal (v.)
Old English hælan “cure; save; make whole, sound and well,” from Proto-Germanic *hailjan (source also of Old Saxon helian, Old Norse heila, Old Frisian hela, Dutch helen, German heilen, Gothic ga-hailjan “to heal, cure”), literally “to make whole,” from PIE *kailo- “whole” (see health). Intransitive sense from late 14c. Related: Healed; healing.
whole (n.)
“entire body or company; the full amount,” late 14c., from whole (adj.).
holo-
before vowels, hol-, word-forming element meaning “whole, entire, complete,” from Greek holos “whole, entire, complete,” also “safe and sound;” as a noun, “the universe,” as an adverb, “on the whole;” from PIE *sol-wo-, from root *sol- “whole.” Often translated as whole, which it resembles but with which it apparently has no etymological connection.
*sol-
also solə-, Proto-Indo-European root meaning “whole, well-kept.”
It forms all or part of: catholic; consolidate; consolidation; holism; holo-; holocaust; Holocene; hologram; holograph; insouciant; safe; safety; sage (n.1) kind of herb; salubrious; salutary; salute; salvage; salvific; salvo “simultaneous discharge of guns;” save (v.) “deliver from danger;” save (prep.) “except;” solder; soldier; solemn; solicit; solicitous; solid; solidarity; solidity; sou.
It is the hypothetical source of/evidence for its existence is provided by: Sanskrit sarvah “uninjured, intact, whole;” Avestan haurva- “uninjured, intact;” Old Persian haruva-; Greek holos “whole;” Latin salvus “uninjured, in good health, safe,” salus “good health,” solidus “solid;” Armenian olj “whole, healthy.”
safe (adj.)
c. 1300, “unscathed, unhurt, uninjured; free from danger or molestation, in safety, secure; saved spiritually, redeemed, not damned;” from Old French sauf “protected, watched-over; assured of salvation,” from Latin salvus “uninjured, in good health, safe,” related to salus “good health,” saluber “healthful,” all from PIE *solwos from root *sol- “whole, well-kept.”
As a quasi-preposition from c. 1300, on model of French and Latin cognates. From late 14c. as “rescued, delivered; protected; left alive, unkilled.” Meaning “not exposed to danger” (of places) is attested from late 14c.; of actions, etc., “free from risk,” first recorded 1580s. Meaning “sure, reliable, not a danger” is from c. 1600. Sense of “conservative, cautious” is from 1823. Paired alliteratively with sound (adj.) from late 14c. The noun safe-conduct (late 13c.) is from Old French sauf-conduit (13c.).
soldier (n.)
c. 1300, souder, from Old French soudier, soldier “one who serves in the army for pay,” from Medieval Latin soldarius “a soldier” (source also of Spanish soldado, Italian soldato), literally “one having pay,” from Late Latin soldum, extended sense of accusative of Latin solidus, name of a Roman gold coin, properly “coin of thick or solid metal,” not of thin plate (see solid (adj.)).
The -l- has been regular in English since mid-14c., in imitation of Latin. Willie and Joe always say sojer in the Bill Mauldin cartoons, and this seems to mirror 16c.-17c. spellings sojar, soger, sojour. Modern French soldat is borrowed from Italian and displaced the older French word; one of many military (and other) terms picked up during the Italian Wars in early 16c.; such as alert, arsenal, colonel, infantrie, sentinel.
Old slang names for military men circa early 19c. include mud-crusher “infantryman,” cat-shooter “volunteer,” fly-slicer “cavalryman,” jolly gravel-grinder “marine.”
rescue (v.)
c. 1300, from stem of Old French rescorre “protect, keep safe; free, deliver” (Modern French recourre), from re-, intensive prefix (see re-), + escourre “to cast off, discharge,” from Latin excutere “to shake off, drive away,” from ex “out” (see ex-) + -cutere, combining form of quatere “to shake” (see quash). Related: Rescued; rescuing.
quash (v.)
“to make void, annul,” early 14c., from Old French quasser, casser “to annul, declare void,” and directly from Medieval Latin quassare, alteration of Late Latin cassare, from cassus “null, void, empty” (from extended form of PIE root *kes- “to cut”).
Meaning “to break, crush,” is early 14c., from Old French quasser, casser “to break, smash, injure, harm, weaken,” from Latin quassare “to shatter,” frequentative of quatere (past participle quassus) “to shake,” from PIE root *kwet- “to shake” (source also of Greek passein “to sprinkle,” Lithuanian kutėti “to shake up,” Old Saxon skuddian “to move violently,” German schütteln “to shake,” Old English scudan “to hasten”).
The words have influenced each other in form and sense since Medieval Latin and now are somewhat grown together. Related: Quashed; quashing.
*kes-
Proto-Indo-European root meaning “to cut.”
It forms all or part of: caret; cashier (v.) “dismiss;” cassation; caste; castellan; castellated; Castile; castle; castigate; castrate; castration; chaste; chastity; chateau; chatelaine; Chester; forecastle; incest; quash (v.) “make void, annul.”
It is the hypothetical source of/evidence for its existence is provided by: Sanskrit sastra- “knife, dagger;” Greek keazein “to split;” Latin carere “to be cut off from,” cassus “empty, void;” Old Church Slavonic kosa “scythe.”
chaste (adj.)
c. 1200, “virtuous, pure from unlawful sexual intercourse” (as defined by the Church), from Old French chaste “morally pure” (12c.), from Latin castus “clean, pure, morally pure” (see caste).
Transferred sense of “sexually pure” is by 15c., perhaps by influence of chastity, though chaste as a noun meaning “virgin person” is recorded from early 14c. Of language, etc., “free from obscenity,” 1620s. Of artistic or literary style, “severely simple, unadorned,” 1753. Related: Chastely.
caste (n.)
“one of the hereditary social groups of India,” 1610s from Portuguese casta “breed, race, caste,” earlier casta raça, “unmixed race,” from Latin castus “cut off, separated” (also “pure,” via notion of “cut off” from faults), past participle of carere “to be cut off from,” from PIE *kas-to-, from root *kes- “to cut.” Caste system is first recorded 1840. An earlier, now-obsolete sense of caste in English is “a race of men” (1550s), from Latin castus “chaste.”
Of the castes, the first three are the natural and gradually established divisions of the Aryan invaders and conquerors of India; the fourth was made up of the subjugated aborigines. The Sanskrit name for caste is varna, color, the different castes having been at first marked by differences of complexion, according to race, and in some degree according to occupation and consequent exposure. [Century Dictionary, 1895]
σωτήρ
SAVIOR
Original Word: σωτήρ, ῆρος, ὁ
Part of Speech: Noun, Masculine
Transliteration: sótér
Phonetic Spelling: (so-tare’)
Short Definition: a savior, deliverer, preserver
Definition: a savior, deliverer, preserver.
From sozo; a deliverer, i.e. God or Christ – saviour.
σωτήρ τοῦ σώματος.
universally (`the savior’ i. e.) preserver of the body, i. e. of the church.
σωτήρ ὄντως ἁπάντων ἐστι καί γενέτωρ, of God the preserver of the world.
σωτήρ is used of Christ as the giver of future salvation, on his return from heaven.
From sozo; a deliverer, i.e. God or Christ – saviour.
Cognate: 4990 sōtḗr (a masculine noun, derived from 4982 /sṓzō, “save”) – properly, the Savior, Jesus Christ who saves believers from their sins and delivers them into His safety. See 4982 (sōzō).
[4990 /sōtḗr (“Savior”) is the root of the theological term, sotierology (“the study of salvation through Christ”). This term is also spelled “soteriology,” but with the same meaning.]
σήπω
Original Word: σήπω Part of Speech: Verb Transliteration: sépó Phonetic Spelling: (say'-po) Short Definition: I cause to rot Definition: I cause to rot, make corrupt.
Cause to b one corrupted.
Cause to perish.
Make putrid.
σήπω: from Homer down; to make corrupt; in the Bible also to destroy, Job 40:7 (12); passive, to become corrupt or rotten; 2 perfect active σέσηπα, to (have become i. e. to) be corrupted (cf. Alexander Buttmann (1873) Ausf. Spr. ii., p. 82): ὁ πλοῦτος σέσηπεν, has perished, James 5:2.
Apparently a primary verb; to putrefy, i.e. (figuratively) perish – be corrupted.
θαυμάσῃς
TO WONDER - MARVEL - BE AMAZED
Original Word: θαυμάζω Part of Speech: Verb Transliteration: thaumazó Phonetic Spelling: (thou-mad'-zo) Short Definition: I wonder, admire Definition: (a) intrans: I wonder, marvel, (b) trans: I wonder at, admire.
2296 thaumázō (from 2295 /thaúma, “a wonder, marvel”) – properly, wonder at, be amazed (marvel), i.e. astonished out of one’s senses; awestruck, “wondering very greatly” (Souter); to cause “wonder; . . . to regard with amazement, and with a suggestion of beginning to speculate on the matter” (WS, 225).
θαυμάζω; imperfect ἐθαύμαζον; future θαυμάσομαι (Revelation 17:8 R G T Tr, a form far more common in the best Greek writings also than θαυμάσω; cf. Krüger, § 40, under the word; Kühner, § 343, under the word; (Veitch, under the word)); 1 aorist ἐθαύμασα; 1 aorist passive ἐθαυμασθην in a middle sense (Revelation 13:3 Rst L Tr text); also 1 future passive, in the sense of the middle, θαυμασθήσομαι (Revelation 17:8 L WH; but the very few examples of the middle use in secular authors are doubtful; cf. Stephanus, Thesaurus iv., p. 259f; (yet see Veitch, under the word)); to wonder, wonder at, marvel: absolutely, Matthew 8:10, 27; Matthew 9:8 Rec., ; ; Mark 5:20; Mark 6:51 (Rec.; L brackets Tr marginal reading brackets); Mark 15:5; Luke 1:21 (see below),; ; John 5:20; John 7:15; Acts 2:7; Acts 4:13; Acts 13:41; Revelation 17:7f; with the accusative of the person Luke 7:9; with the accusative of the thing, Luke 24:12 (T omits; L Tr brackets; WH reject the verse (see πρός, I. 1 a. at the beginning and 2 b.)); John 5:28; Acts 7:31; θαῦμα μέγα (see θαῦμα, 2), Revelation 17:6; πρόσωπον, to admire, pay regard to, one’s external appearance, i. e. to be influenced by partiality, Jude 1:16 (the Sept. for פָּנִים נָשָׂא, Deuteronomy 10:17; Job 13:10; Proverbs 18:5; Isaiah 9:14, etc.); followed by διά τί, Mark 6:6; John 7:21 where διά τοῦτο (omitted by Tdf.) is to be joined to Mark 7:21 (so G L Tr marginal reading; cf. Meyer (edited by Weiss) at the passage; Winers Grammar, § 7, 3) (Isocrates, p. 52 d.; Aelian v. h. 12, 6; 14, 36); (followed by ἐν with the dative of object, according to the construction adopted by some in Luke 1:21, ἐθαύμαζον ἐν τῷ χρονίζειν … αὐτόν, at his tarrying; cf. Winers Grammar, § 33, b.; Buttmann, 264 (227); 185 (160f); Sir. 11:19 (21); evang. Thom. 15, 2; but see above); followed by ἐπί with the dative of person Mark 12:17 (R G L Tr); by ἐπί with the dative of the thing, Luke 2:33; Luke 4:22; Luke 9:43; Luke 20:26; (Acts 3:12) (Xenophon, Plato, Thucydides, others; the Sept.); περί τίνος, Luke 2:18; by a pregnant construction (cf. Buttmann, 185 (161)) ἐθαύμασεν ἡ γῆ ὀπίσω τοῦ θηρίου, followed the beast in wonder, Revelation 13:3 (cf. Buttmann, 59 (52)); followed by ὅτι, to marvel that, etc., Luke 11:38; John 3:7; John 4:27; Galatians 1:6; by εἰ (see εἰ, I. 4), Mark 15:44; 1 John 3:13. Passive to be wondered at, to be had in admiration (Sir. 38:3; Wis. 8:11; 4 Macc. 18:3), followed by ἐν with the dative of the person whose lot and condition gives matter for wondering at another, 2 Thessalonians 1:10; ἐν with the dative of the thing, Isaiah 61:6. (Compare: ἐκθαυμάζω.)
θαῦμα
ADMIRATION - ASTONISHMENT
Original Word: θαῦμα, ατος, τό Part of Speech: Noun, Neuter Transliteration: thauma Phonetic Spelling: (thos'-mah) Short Definition: a marvel, wonder Definition: (a) concr: a marvel, wonder, (b) abstr: wonder, amazement.
Cognate: 2295 thaúma – a wonder, evoking “emotional” astonishment (gaping) at the marvel, i.e. performed to powerfully strike the viewer personally (uniquely, individually). See 2296 (thaumázō).
θαῦμα, θαυματός, τό (ΘΑΟΜΑΙ (to wonder at), to gaze at, cf. Alexander Buttmann (1873) Gram. § 114 under the word; Ausf. Spr. ii., p. 196; Curtius, § 308);
1. a wonderful thing, a marvel: 2 Corinthians 11:14 L T Tr WH.
- wonder: θαυμάζειν θαῦμα μέγα (cf. Winers Grammar, § 32, 2; (Buttmann, § 131, 5)), to wonder (with great wonder i. e.) exceedingly, Revelation 17:6. (In both senses in Greek writings from Homer down; the Sept. Job 17:8; Job 18:20.)
δεῖ
Δεῖ
Original Word: δεῖ
Part of Speech: Verb
Transliteration: dei
Phonetic Spelling: (die)
Short Definition: it is necessary, inevitable
Definition: it is necessary, inevitable; less frequently: it is a duty, what is proper.
HELPS Word-studies
1163 deí – properly, what must happen, i.e. what is absolutely necessary (“it behooves that . . . “).
δεῖ; subjunctive present δέῃ; imperfect ἔδει; an impersonal verb (cf. Buttmann, § 132, 12; cf. § 131, 3; from Homer down); (δέω, namely, τίνος, to have need of, be in want of; cf. German esbedarf), it is necessary, there is need of, it behooves, is right and proper; followed either by the infinitive alone (cf. our one ought), or by the accusative with an infinitive (cf. Buttmann, 147 (129)), it denotes any sort of necessity; as a. necessity lying in the nature of the case: John 3:30; 2 Timothy 2:6.
b. necessity brought on by circumstances or by the conduct of others toward us: Matthew 26:35 (κἄν δέῃ με ἀποθανεῖν), cf. Mark 14:31; John 4:4; Acts 27:21; 2 Corinthians 11:30; (2 Corinthians 12:1 L T Tr WH text); or imposed by a condition of mind: Luke 2:49; Luke 19:5.
c. necessity in reference to what is required to attain some end: Luke 12:12; John 3:7; Acts 9:6; Acts 16:30; 1 Corinthians 11:19; Hebrews 9:26 (on this cf. Winers Grammar, 283 (266); (also Buttmann, 216 (187); 225 (195))); Hebrews 11:6.
d. a necessity of law and command, of duty, equity: Matthew 18:33; Matthew 23:23; Luke 11:42; Luke 13:14; Luke 15:32; Luke 18:1; Luke 22:7; John 4:20; Acts 5:29; Acts 15:5; Romans 1:27 (ἀντιμισθίαν, ἥν ἔδει, namely, ἀπολαμβάνεσθαι, the recompense due by the law of God); Romans 8:26; Romans 12:3; 1 Corinthians 8:2, etc. or of office: Luke 4:43; Luke 13:33; John 9:4; John 10:16; Ephesians 6:20; Colossians 4:4; 2 Timothy 2:24.
e. necessity established by the counsel and decree of God, especially by that purpose of his which relates to the salvation of men by the intervention of Christ and which is disclosed in the O. T. prophecies: Matthew 17:10; Matthew 24:6; Mark 9:11; Acts 4:12; 1 Corinthians 15:53; in this use, especially of what Christ was destined finally to undergo, his sufferings, death, resurrection, ascension: Luke 24:46 (R G L brackets); Matthew 26:54; John 3:14; Acts 3:21, etc. (of the necessity of fate in Herodotus 5, 33; with the addition κατά τό θεοπρόπιον, 8, 53; Thucydides 5, 26.) [SYNONYMS: δεῖ, χρή: δεῖ seems to be more suggestive of moral obligation, denoting especially that constraint which arises from divine appointment; whereas χρή signifies rather the necessity resulting from time and circumstance. Schmidt, chapter 150.]
STRONGS NT 1163: δέονδέον, δεοντος, τό (participle of δεῖ, which see), from (Sophocles and) Herodotus down, that of which there is need, which is requisite, due, proper: δέον ἐστι there is need, 1 Peter 1:6 (T Tr text WH omit; Tr marginal reading brackets ἐστι); followed by the accusative with an infinitive Acts 19:36; τά μή δέοντα that are not proper, 1 Timothy 5:13.
δέω
Original Word: δέω Part of Speech: Verb Transliteration: deó Phonetic Spelling: (deh'-o) Short Definition: I bind Definition: I bind, tie, fasten; I impel, compel; I declare to be prohibited and unlawful.
bind (7), binding (1), binds (2), bound (23), imprisoned (4), prisoners (1), put...in chains (1), tied (4).
δέω: (future δήσω); 1 aorist έ᾿δησα; perfect participle δεδεκώς (Acts 22:29); passive, perfect δέδεμαι; 1 aorist infinitive δεθῆναι (Acts 21:33); the Sept. chiefly for אָסַר; (from Homer down); to bind, tie, fasten;
1. properly: τί, εἰςδέσμας, Matthew 13:30 (Tr WH brackets G probably omit εἰς, cf. Buttmann, 150 (131); Winer’s Grammar, 225 (211)); ὀθόνη τέσσαρσιν ἀρχαῖς δεδεμεναις a sheet bound by the four corners (to the sky), Acts 10:11 (G L T Tr WH omit δεδεμεναις καί); an animal, to prevent it from straying around, ὄνος δεδεμενη, πῶλος δεδεμένος, Matthew 21:2; Mark 11:2; Luke 19:30; with πρός τήν θύραν added, Mark 11:4; with the accusative of person to bind, to fasten with chains, to throw into chains: ἀγγέλους, Revelation 9:14; a madman, πέδαις καί ἁλύσεσι, Mark 5:3f; captives, Matt. (); ; Mark (); ; John 18:12; Acts 9:14; Acts 21:11; Acts 22:29; Revelation 20:2; Passive, Mark 15:7; John 18:24; Acts 9:2, 21 (in the last two passages δεδεμένον ἄγειν τινα); Acts 21:13; Acts 22:5; Acts 24:27; Colossians 4:3; ἁλύσεσι, Acts 12:6; Acts 21:33; ὁ λόγος τοῦ Θεοῦ οὐ δέδεται, figuratively for these bonds of mine in no way hinder its course, i. e. the preaching, extension, and efficacy of the gospel, 2 Timothy 2:9; the bodies of the dead, which were accustomed to be bound with bandages and linen cloths: ὁ τεθνηκώς δεδεμονος τούς πόδας καί τάς χεῖρας κειριας, bound hand and foot with grave-cloths, John 11:44; τό σῶμα ὀθονίοις (Tdf. 2, 7 ἐν ὀθονίοις), to swathe in linen cloths, John 19:40.
- metaphorically,
a. Satan is said δῆσαι a woman bent together, i. e. by means of a demon, as his messenger, taking possession of the woman and preventing her from standing upright, Luke 13:16 cf. Luke 13:11.
b. to bind, i. e. put under obligation, namely, of law, duty, etc.: δεδεμένος τῷ πνεύματι, bound or constrained in my spirit, i. e. compelled by my convictions, Acts 20:22 (so not infrequent in Greek authors as Plato, rep. 8, p. 567 d. ἀνάγκη δέδεται ἡ προσταττει αὐτῷ); with the dative of person δεδέσθαι τίνι, to be bound to one: ἀνδρί, of a wife, Romans 7:2; γυναικί, of a husband, 1 Corinthians 7:27; δέδεται absolutely, opposed to ἐλευθέρα ἐστι, 1 Corinthians 7:39; (Achilles Tatius 1, 11, p. 41 ἄλλη δέδεμαι παρθένῳ, Jamblichus, vit. Pythagoras 11, 56 τήν μέν ἀγαμον, … τήν δέ πρός ἄνδρα δεδεμένην).
c. by a Chaldean and rabbinical idiom (equivalent to אֲסַר), to forbid, prohibit, declare to be illicit: Matthew 16:19; Matthew 18:18. (Compare: καταδέω, περιδέω, συνδέω, ὑποδέω.)
bind, be in bonds, knit, tie, wind.
A primary verb; to bind (in various applications, literally or figuratively) – bind, be in bonds, knit, tie, wind. See also dei, deomai.
δέομαι
BEG - PRAY - BESEECH - NEED - WANT
Original Word: δέομαι Part of Speech: Verb Transliteration: deomai Phonetic Spelling: (deh'-om-ahee) Short Definition: I request, beg Definition: I want for myself; I want, need; I beg, request, beseech, pray.
Middle voice of deo; to beg (as binding oneself), i.e. Petition – beseech, pray (to), make request.
1189 déomai (from the root deō, “having deep personal need, to be in want,” see also 1162 /déēsis, “felt-need”) – properly, to feel pressing need because of lack – hence, to make urgent appeal; to have deep personal need causing one to beseech (make earnest, specific request).
[S. Zodihates (Dict) emphasizes the Gk middle voice meaning of this term, i.e. the personal, felt-need that drives 1189 (déomai).
L-S and Thayer find deō expresses two distinct meanings in antiquity, perhaps indicating a distinction in accent (like with the English terms, pro’duce and prodúce).]
δέομαι; 3 person singular imperfect ἐδητο (cf. Lob. ad Phryn., p. 220; Winers Grammar, 46; (Veitch, under the word δέω to need at the end)), Luke 8:38 (where Lachmann ἐδηιτο, Tr WH ἐδεῖτο; cf. Meyer at the passage; (WHs Appendix, p. 166); Buttmann, 55 (48)); 1 aorist ἐδεήθην; (from δέω to want, need; whence middle δέομαι to stand in need of, want for oneself); (from Herodotus down);
1. to want, lack: τίνος.
- to desire, long for: τίνος.
- to ask, beg (German bitten);
a. universally — the thing asked for being evident from the context: with the genitive of the person from whom, Galatians 4:12; the thing sought being specified in direct discourse: Luke 5:12; Luke 8:28; Luke 9:38 (according to the reading ἐπίβλεψον R L); Acts 8:34 (δέομαι σου, περί τίνος ὁ προφήτης λέγει τοῦτο; of whom, I pray thee, doth the prophet say this?); Acts 21:39; 2 Corinthians 5:20; followed by the infinitive, Luke 8:38; Luke 9:38 (according to the reading ἐπιβλέψαι Tr WH); Acts 26:3 (where G L T Tr WH omit σου after δέομαι); followed by ἵνα, Luke 9:40 (cf. Winers Grammar, 335 (315); (Buttmann, 258 (222))); followed by τό with an infinitive 2 Corinthians 10:2 (cf. Buttmann, 263 (226), 279 (239); Winer’s Grammar, 321, 322 (301f)); with the genitive of person and the accusative of a thing, 2 Corinthians 8:4 (G L T Tr WH; for Rec. adds δέξασθαι ἡμᾶς without warrant) (cf. Buttmann, 164 (143); Winers Grammar, 198 (186)).
b. specifically, of requests addressed to God; absolutely to pray, make supplication: Acts 4:31; τοῦ Θεοῦ, Acts 10:2; followed by εἰ ἄρα, Acts 8:22 (Buttmann, 256 (220); Winer’s Grammar, 300 (282)); τοῦ κυρίου, ὅπως etc. Matthew 9:38; Luke 10:2; without the genitive Θεοῦ — followed by εἰ πῶς, Romans 1:10 (cf. Winers Grammar, and Buttmann’s Grammar, the passages cited); by ἵνα, Luke 21:36; Luke 22:32; by the relic εἰς τό, 1 Thessalonians 3:10 (cf. Buttmann, 265 (228)); ὑπέρ τίνος πρός τόν κύριον, ὅπως, Acts 8:24. (Synonyms: see αἰτέω and δέησις. Compare: προσδέομαι.)
πυνθάνομαι
ASK - INQUIRE - DEMAND
Original Word: πυνθάνομαι Part of Speech: Verb Transliteration: punthanomai Phonetic Spelling: (poon-than'-om-ahee) Short Definition: I ask, inquire Definition: I ask, inquire, ascertain by inquiry, understand.
ask, demand, inquire, understand.
πυνθάνομαι; imperfect ἐπυνθανομην; 2 aorist ἐπυθόμην; (cf. Curtius, § 328); a deponent verb; as in classical Greek from Homer down.
1. to inquire, ask: followed by an indirect question — with the indicative Acts 10:18; with the optative, John 13:24 R G; Luke 15:26; Luke 18:36; Acts 21:33; followed by a direct question, Acts 4:7; Acts 10:29; Acts 23:19; παρά τίνος τί (Buttmann, 167 (146)), John 4:52; παρά τίνος followed by an indirect question with the indicative Matthew 2:4; τί περί τίνος, Acts 23:20.
- to ascertain by inquiry: followed by ὅτι, Acts 23:34 (A. V. understood).
ἐρωτάω
QUESTION - REQUEST FROM AUTHORITY
Original Word: ἐρωτάω
Part of Speech: Verb
Transliteration: erótaó
Phonetic Spelling: (er-o-tah’-o)
Short Definition: I ask, question, request
Definition: (a) I ask (a question), question, (b) I request, make a request to, pray.
HELPS Word-studies
2065 erōtáō (from eromai, “ask”) – make an earnest request, especially by someone on “special footing,” i.e. in “preferred position.”
2065 /erōtáō (“to ask on special footing, intimacy”) requests from a “preferred position” (E. Abbot, Johannine Grammar, 467,8). Such requesting receives special consideration because of the special relationship involved.
ask (15), ask a question (1), asked (14), asking (11), asks (3), beg (1), begging (1), implored (1), imploring (1), make request (1), please (2), question (5), questioned (2), request (4), requesting (1), urging (1).
ἐρωτάω, ἐρωτῶ ((infinitive ἐρωτᾶν L T Tr, ἐρωτᾶν R G WH; see Iota); imperfect 3 person plural ἠρώτων and (in Matthew 15:23 L T Tr WH, Mark 4:10 Tdf.) ἠρώτουν, cf. Buttmann, 44 (38); (Winers Grammar, 85 (82); Tdf. Proleg., p. 122; Sophocles Lexicon, p. 41; WHs Appendix, p. 166; Mullach, Griech. Vulgarspr., p. 252); future ἐρωτήσω; 1 aorist ἠρώτησα; the Sept. for שָׁאַל; to ask, i. e.:
1. as in Greek writings from Homer down to question: absolutely, Luke 22:68; John 8:7 (R); τινα, John 9:21; John 16:19, 30; (John 18:21 where Rec. ἐπερωτᾷς), etc.; with the addition of λέγων and the words of the questioner: Matthew 16:13; Luke 19:31 (om. λέγων; T Tr WH); John 1:19, 21; John 5:12; John 9:19; John 16:5; τινα τί (cf. Winer’s Grammar, § 32, 4 a.), Matthew 21:24; Mark 4:10; Luke 20:3; John 16:23 (others refer this to 2); τινα περί τίνος, Luke 9:45 (Lachmann, ἐπερωτῆσαι); John 18:19.
- to ask i. e. to request, entreat, beg, beseech, after the Hebrew שָׁאַל, in a sense very rare in secular authors (Josephus, Antiquities 5, 1, 14 (but here the text is uncertain; substitute Antiquities 7, 8, 1; cf. Dr. Ezra Abbot in No. American Rev. for 1872, p. 173 note); Babrius fab. (42, 3); 97, 3; Apoll. synt., p. 289, 20; cf. Winer’s Grammar, pp. 30 and 32): τινα, John 14:16; with the addition of λέγων and the words of the asker, Matthew 15:23; John 12:21; followed by imperative alone (Buttmann, 272f (234)), Luke 14:18; Philippians 4:3; followed by ἵνα (cf. Winer’s Grammar, § 44, 8 a.; R. 237 (204)), Mark 7:26; Luke 7:36; Luke 16:27; John 4:47; John 17:15; John 19:31, 38; 2 John 1:5; 1 Thessalonians 4:1; by ὅπως, Luke 7:3; Luke 11:37; Acts 23:20; by the infinitive (Buttmann, 258 (222); cf. Winer’s Grammar, 335 (315)), Luke 5:3; Luke 8:37; John 4:40; Acts 3:3; Acts 10:48; Acts 23:18; 1 Thessalonians 5:12; τινα περί τίνος, Luke 4:38; John 16:9, 20; 1 John 5:16; ὑπέρ τίνος (followed by εἰς with an infinitive; cf. Buttmann, 265 (228)), 2 Thessalonians 2:1f; ἐρωτᾶν τά (WH text omits τά) πρός εἰρήνην (see εἰρήνη, 1), Luke 14:32. (Synonym: see αἰτέω, at the end. Compare: διερωτάω, ἐπερωτάω.)
αἰτέω
ASK FOR WHAT IS CRAVED FOR ONSESELF
αἰτέω
Part of Speech: Verb
Transliteration: aiteó
Phonetic Spelling: (ahee-teh’-o)
Short Definition: I ask, request, beg, petition
Definition: I ask, request, petition, demand.
ask (36), asked (16), asking (7), asks (7), beg (1), called (1), making a request (1), requesting (1).
ask, beg, call for, crave, desire.
Of uncertain derivation; to ask (in genitive case) – ask, beg, call for, crave, desire, require. Compare punthanomai.
αἰτέω, (ῶ; future αἰτήσω; 1 aorist ᾔτησα; perfect ή᾿τηκα; middle, present αἰτοῦμαι; imperfect ἠτούμην future αἰτήσομαι; 1 aorist ᾐτησάμην; (from Homer down); to ask; middle to ask for oneself, request for oneself; absolutely: James 1:6; Matthew 7:7; middle, James 4:3; John 16:26; Mark 15:8; αἰτεῖσθαι τί, John 15:7; Matthew 14:7; Mark 6:24; Mark 10:38; Mark 11:24; Mark 15:43; 1 John 5:14; Luke 23:52; Acts 25:3, 15, etc.; αἰτεῖν with the accusative of the person to whom the request is made: Matthew 5:42; Matthew 6:8; Luke 6:30; αἰτεῖσθαι with the accusative of the person asked for — whether to be released, Matthew 27:20; Mark 15:6 (here T WH Tr marginal reading παραιτέω, which see); Luke 23:25; or bestowed as a gift; Acts 13:21; αἰτεῖν τί ἀπό τίνος, Matthew 20:20 L Tr text WH text; (Luke 12:20 Tr WH); 1 John 5:15 L T Tr WH; (so αἰτεῖσθαι in Plutarch, Galb. 20) (cf. Buttmann, 149 (130)); τί παρά τίνος, Acts 3:2; Matthew 20:20 R G T Tr marginal reading WH marginal reading; James 1:5; 1 John 5:15 R G; followed by the infinitive, John 4:9; middle, Acts 9:2; (αἰτεῖν τί ἐν τῷ ὀνόματι Χριστοῦ, John 14:13; John 16:24 (see ὄνομα, 2 e.); τί ἐν τῇ προσευχή, Matthew 21:22); αἰτεῖν τινα τί, Matthew 7:9; Luke 11:11; Mark 6:22; John (John 14:14 T but L WH Tr marginal reading brackets); John 16:23; ὑπέρ τίνος followed by ἵνα, Colossians 1:9 (cf. Buttmann, 237 (204)); αἰτεῖσθαι with the accusative and the infinitive, Luke 23:23; Acts 3:14; only with the infinitive, Acts 7:46 (ᾐτήσατο εὑρεῖν asked that he himself might find; others wrongly translate ᾐτήσατο desired); Ephesians 3:13. With the idea of demanding prominent: αἰτεῖν τί, Luke 1:63; 1 Corinthians 1:22; τινα τί, Luke 12:48; 1 Peter 3:15. (The constructions of this word in the Greek Bible, the Apostolic Fathers, etc., are exhibited in detail by Prof. Ezra Abbot in the North American Review for Jan. 1872, p. 182f. He there shows also (in opposition to Trench, § xl., and others) that it is not the constant word for the seeking of the inferior from the superior, and so differing from ἐρωτάω, which has been assumed to imply ‘a certain equality or familiarity between the parties’; that the distinction between the words does not turn upon the relative dignity of the person asking and the person asked; but that αἰτέω signifies to ask for something to be given not done giving prominence to the thing asked for rather than the person and hence is rarely used in exhortation. ἐρωτάω, on the other hand, is to request a person to do (rarely to give) something; referring more directly to the person, it is naturally used in exhortation, etc. The views of Trench are also rejected by Cremer, 4te Aufl. under the word The latter distinguishes αἰτέω from similar words as follows: “αἰτέω denotes the request of the will, ἐπιθυμέω that of the sensibilities, δέομαι the asking of need, while ἐρωτάω marks the form of the request, as does εὔχεσθαι also, which in classic Greek is the proper expression for a request directed to the gods and embodying itself in prayer.” ἐρωτάω, αἰτέω and δέομαι are also compared briefy by Green, Critical Notes, etc. (on John 14:13, 16), who concludes of ἐρωτάω “it cannot serve to indicate directly any peculiar position, absolute or relative, of the agent. The use of the word may, therefore, be viewed as having relation to the manner and cast of the request, namely, when carrying a certain freedom of aim and bearing; a thing inseparable from the act of direct interrogation”; cf. further Schmidt, chapter 7. Compare: ἀπαιτέω, ἐξαιτέω, ἐπαιτέω, παραιτέω (παραιτοῦμαι), προσαιτέω.)
ζητέω
SEEK BY INQUIREY
ζητέω
Part of Speech: Verb
Transliteration: zéteó
Phonetic Spelling: (dzay-teh’-o)
Short Definition: I seek, search for, desire
Definition: I seek, search for, desire, require, demand.
desire, endeavour, seek after.
Of uncertain affinity; to seek (literally or figuratively); specially, (by Hebraism) to worship (God), or (in a bad sense) to plot (against life) – be (go) about, desire, endeavour, enquire (for), require, (X will) seek (after, for, means). Compare punthanomai.
zētéō – properly, to seek by inquiring; to investigate to reach a binding (terminal) resolution; to search, “getting to the bottom of a matter.”
deliberating (1), demanding (1), inquire (1), looking (11), made efforts (1), search (4), searched (1), seek (36), seek after (1), seeking (35), seeks (9), sought (4), striving (1), tried (1), trying (6), kept trying to obtain (2).
ζητέω, ζητῶ; imperfect 3 person singular ἐζήτει, plural ἐζήτουν; future ζητήσω; 1 aorist ἐζήτησα; passive, present ζητοῦμαι; imperfect 3 person singular ἐζητεῖτο (Hebrews 8:7); 1 future ζητηθήσομαι (Luke 12:48); (from Homer on); the Sept. for דָּרַשׁ, and much more often for בִּקֵשׁ; to seek, i. e.
1. to seek in order to find;
a. universally and absolutely: Matthew 7:7; Luke 11:9f (see εὑρίσκω, 1 a); τινα, Mark 1:37; Luke 2:48 (Luke 2:45 R L marginal reading), (Luke 4:42 Rec.); John 6:24; John 18:4, 7; Acts 10:19, and often; followed by ἐν with the dative of place, Acts 9:11; with the accusative of the thing (μαργαρίτας), of buyers, Matthew 13:45; something lost, Matthew 18:12; Luke 19:10; τί ἐν τίνι, as fruit on a tree, Luke 13:6f; ἀνάπαυσιν, a place of rest, Matthew 12:43; Luke 11:24; after the Hebrew (פּ אֶת־נֶפֶשׁ בִּקֵּשׁ … (cf. Winer’s Grammar, 33 (32); 18)) ψυχήν τίνος, to seek, plot against, the life of one, Matthew 2:20; Romans 11:3, (Exodus 4:19, etc.); universally, τί ζητεῖς; what dost thou seek? what dost thou wish? John 1:38 (39); (John 4:27).
b. to seek (i. e. in order to find out) by thinking, meditating, reasoning; to inquire into: περί τίνος ζητεῖτε μετ’ ἀλλήλων; John 16:19; followed by indirect discourse, πῶς, τί, τινα: Mark 11:18; Mark 14:1, 11; Luke 12:29; Luke 22:2; 1 Peter 5:8; τόν Θεόν, to follow up the traces of divine majesty and power, Acts 17:27 (universally, to seek the knowledge of God, Wis. 1:1 Wis. 13:6; (Philo, monarch. i. § 5)).
c. to seek after, seek for, aim at, strive after: εὐκαιρίαν, Matthew 26:16; Luke 22:6; ψευδομαρτυρίαν, Matthew 26:59; Mark 14:55; τόν θάνατον, an opportunity to die, Revelation 9:6; λύσιν, 1 Corinthians 7:27; τήν βασιλείαν τοῦ Θεοῦ, Matthew 6:33; Luke 12:31; τά ἄνω, Colossians 3:1; εἰρήνην, 1 Peter 3:11; ἀφθαρσίαν etc. Romans 2:7; δόξαν ἐκ τίνος, 1 Thessalonians 2:6; τήν δόξαν τήν παρά τίνος, John 5:44; τά τίνος, the property of one, 2 Corinthians 12:14; τήν δόξαν Θεοῦ, to seek to promote the glory of God, John 7:18; John 8:50; τό θέλημα τίνος, to attempt to establish, John 5:30; τό σύμφορον τίνος, to seek to further the profit or advantage of one, 1 Corinthians 10:33, equivalent to ζητεῖν τά τίνος, 1 Corinthians 10:24; 1 Corinthians 13:5; Philippians 2:21; ὑμᾶς, to seek to win your souls, 2 Corinthians 12:14; τόν Θεόν, to seek the favor of God (see ἐκζητέω, a.), Romans 10:20; (Romans 3:11 Tr marginal reading WH marginal reading). followed by an infinitive (Buttmann, 258 (222); Winers Grammar, § 44, 3) to seek i. e. desire, endeavor: Matthew 12:46 ( (WH in marginal reading only)); ; Mark 4:19 (L Tr marginal reading); Mark 12:12; Luke 5:18; Luke 6:19; Luke 9:9; John 5:18; John 7:4 (Buttmann, § 142, 4); John 5:19; Acts 13:8; Acts 16:10; Romans 10:3; Galatians 1:10; Galatians 2:17; followed by ἵνα (Buttmann, 237 (205)), 1 Corinthians 14:12.
2. to seek i. e. require, demand: (σημεῖον, Mark 8:12 L T Tr WH; Luke 11:29 T Tr WH); σοφίαν, 1 Corinthians 1:22; δοκιμήν, 2 Corinthians 13:3; τί παρά τίνος, to crave, demand something from someone, Mark 8:11; Luke 11:16; Luke 12:48; ἐν τίνι, the dative of person, to seek in one, i. e. to require of him, followed by ἵνα, 1 Corinthians 4:2. (Compare: ἀναζητέω, ἐκζητέω, ἐπιζητέω, συζητέω.)
γεννάω
γεννηθῆναι
γεγεννημένον
γεννάω
Part of Speech: Verb
Transliteration: gennaó
Phonetic Spelling: (ghen-nah’-o)
Short Definition: I beget, bring forth, give birth to
Definition: I beget (of the male), (of the female) I bring forth, give birth to.
gennáō – properly, beget (procreate a descendant), produce offspring; (passive) be born, “begotten.”
- metaphorically,
a. universally, to engender, cause to arise, excite: μάχας, 2 Timothy 2:23 (βλαβην, λύπην, etc. in Greek writings).
b. in a Jewish sense, of one who brings others over to his way of life: ὑμᾶς ἐγέννησα I am the author of your Christian life, 1 Corinthians 4:15; Philemon 1:10 (Sanhedr. fol. 19, 2 “If one teaches the son of his neighbor the law, the Scripture reckons this the same as though he had begotten him”; (cf. Philo, leg. ad Gaium § 8)).
c. after Psalm 2:7, it is used of God making Christ his son;
a. formally to show him to be the Messiah (υἱόν τοῦ Θεοῦ), viz. by the resurrection: Acts 13:33.
b. to be the author of the divine nature which he possesses (but compare the commentaries on the passages that follow): Hebrews 1:5; Hebrews 5:5.
d. peculiarly, in the Gospel and First Epistle of John, of God conferring upon men the nature and disposition of his sons, imparting to them spiritual life, i. e. by his own holy power prompting and persuading souls to put faith in Christ and live a new life consecrated to himself; absolutely 1 John 5:1; mostly in passive, ἐκ Θεοῦ or ἐκ τοῦ Θεοῦ ἐγεννήθησαν, γεγέννηται, γεγεννημένος, etc.: John 1:13; 1 John 2:29 (Rec.st γεγένηται); ; also ἐκ τοῦ πνεύματος γέννασθαι, John 3:6 (Rec.elz γεγενημένον), ; ἐξ ὕδατος καί πνεύματος (because that moral generation is effected in receiving baptism ((?) cf. Schaff’s Lange, Godet, Westcott, on the words, and references under the word βάπτισμα, 3)), John 3:5; ἄνωθεν γέννασθαι, John 3:3, 7 (see ἄνωθεν, c.) equivalent to τέκνον Θεοῦ γίνεσθαι, . (Compare: ἀναγεννάω.)
πνέω
BLOW - BREATH
πνέω Part of Speech: Verb Transliteration: pneó Phonetic Spelling: (pneh'-o) Short Definition: I blow Definition: I blow, breathe, as the wind.
blew (2), blow (1), blowing (2), blows (1), wind (1).
πνέω; 1 aorist ἔπνευσα; from Homer down; to breathe, to blow: of the wind, Matthew 7:25, 27; Luke 12:55; John 3:8; John 6:18; Revelation 7:1; τῇ πνεούσῃ namely, αὔρα (cf. Winers Grammar, 591 (550); (Buttmann, 82 (72))), Acts 27:40. (Compare: ἐκπνέω, ἐνπνέω, ὑποπνέω.)
A primary word; to breathe hard, i.e. Breeze – blow. Compare psucho.
see GREEK psucho
A primary verb; to breathe (voluntarily but gently, thus differing on the one hand from pneo, which denotes properly a forcible respiration; and on the other from the base of aer, which refers properly to an inanimate breeze), i.e. (by implication, of reduction of temperature by evaporation) to chill (figuratively) – wax cold.
ψύχω
BLOW TO COOL DOWN
psuchó: to breathe, blow, to make cool Original Word: ψύχω Part of Speech: Verb Transliteration: psuchó Phonetic Spelling: (psoo'-kho) Short Definition: I cool, grow cold Definition: I cool, pass: I grow cold. HELPS Word-studies 5594 psýxō (originally, "to breathe out," cf. J. Thayer) – properly, "to blow, refresh with cool air" (Zod, Dict); (figuratively) "to breathe cool by blowing, to grow cold, 'spiritual energy blighted or chilled by a malign or poisonous wind' " (M. Vincent), used only in Mt 24:12.
φιλέω
Original Word: φιλέω Part of Speech: Verb Transliteration: phileó Phonetic Spelling: (fil-eh'-o) Short Definition: I love, kiss Definition: I love (of friendship), regard with affection, cherish; I kiss.
philéō (from 5384 /phílos, “affectionate friendship”) – properly, to show warm affection in intimate friendship, characterized by tender, heartfelt consideration and kinship.
φιλέω, φιλῶ; imperfect 3 person singular ἐφίλει; 1 aorist ἐφίλησα; perfect πεφίληκα; (φίλος); from Homer down;
1. to love; to be friendly to one (the Sept. several times for אָהַב): τινα, Matthew 10:37; John 5:20 (here L marginal reading ἀγαπᾷ); ; 1 Corinthians 16:22; Revelation 3:19; with ἐν πίστει added, with a love founded in and springing from faith, Titus 3:15; τί, to love i. e. delight in, long for, a thing: τήν πρωτοκλισίαν, Matthew 23:6; ἀσπασμούς, Luke 20:46; τήν ψυχήν, to be desirous of preserving one’s life (opposed to μισεῖν, to hate it when it cannot be kept without denying Christ), John 12:25; with nouns denoting virtues or vices: τό ψεῦδος, Revelation 22:15 (σοφίαν, Proverbs 29:3; Proverbs 8:17); followed by an infinitive, like the Latinamo facere, to love to do, i. e. to do with pleasure: Matthew 6:5 (Isaiah 56:10; Pindar Nem. 1,15; Aeschylus septem 619; Agam. 763; Suppl. 769; Euripides, Iph. Taur. 1198; Rhes. 394; Xenophon, hipparch. 7, 9; Aelian v. h. 14, 37).
- to kiss: τινα, Matthew 26:48; Mark 14:44; Luke 22:47 (often in the Greek writings; the Sept. for נָשַׁק, Genesis 27:26f, and often).
- As to the distinction between ἀγαπᾶν and φιλεῖν: the former, by virtue of its connection with ἄγαμαι, properly denotes a love founded in admiration, veneration, esteem, like the Latindiligere, to be kindly disposed to one, wish one well; but φιλεῖν denotes an inclination prompted by sense and emotion, Latinamare; ὁ μή τοῦ δεόμενος οὐδέ τί ἀγαπωη ἄν. ὁ δέ μή ἀγαπωη (ἀγαπῶν (?)), ὀυδ’ ἄν φίλοι, Plato, Lysias, p. 215 b.; ἐφιλησατε αὐτόν (Julius Caesar) ὡς πατέρα καί ἠγαπησατε ὡς εὐεργέτην, Dio Cassius, 44, 48; ut scires, eum a me non diligt solum, verum etiam amari, Cicero, ad fam. 13, 47; L. Clodius valde me diligit vel, ut ἐμφατικωτερον dicam, valde me amat, id. ad Brut. 1. Hence, men are said ἀγαπᾶν God, not φιλεῖν; and God is said ἀγαπῆσαι τόν κόσμον (John 3:16), and φιλεῖν the disciples of Christ (John 16:27); Christ bids us ἀγαπᾶν (not φιλεῖν) τούς ἐχθρούς (Matthew 5:44), because love as an emotion cannot be commanded, but only love as a choice. Wisdom says, τούς ἐμέ φιλοῦντας ἀγαπῶ, Proverbs 8:17. As a futher aid in judging of the different, between the two words compare the following passages: John 11:3, 5, 36; John 21:15-17; (even in some eases where they might appear to be used interchangeably (e. g. John 14:28; John 16:27) the difference can still be traced). From what has been said, it is evident that ἀγαπᾶν is not, and cannot be, used of sexual love (but it is so used occasionally by the later writers; cf. Plutarch, Pericl. 24, 12, p. 165 e.; symp. 7, p. 180 b. ὁ ἐρώμενος τόν ἐραστην ἀγαπᾷ; cf. Stephanus Thesaurus i., p. 209 a.; Sophocles’ Lexicon, under the word ἀγαπάω, 2; Woolsey in the Andover Rev. for Aug. 1885, p. 170f). Cf. Tittmann, Syn. N. T. i., p. 50ff; Cremer, under the word ἀγαπάω (4te Aufl., p. 9f); Trench, § xii.; (Schmidt, chapter 136, especially § 6; Cope, Aristotle, rhet. vol. 1m Appendix A. (also given in the Journ. of Philol. for 1868, p. 88ff); also Höhne in (Luthardt’s) Zeitschr. f. kirchl. Wissensch. as above with for 1882, p. 6ff; especially Woolsey as above Compare: καταφιλέω.)
From philos; to be a friend to (fond of (an individual or an object)), i.e. Have affection for (denoting personal attachment, as a matter of sentiment or feeling; while agapao is wider, embracing especially the judgment and the deliberate assent of the will as a matter of principle, duty and propriety: the two thus stand related very much as ethelo and boulomai, or as thumos and nous respectively; the former being chiefly of the heart and the latter of the head); specially, to kiss (as a mark of tenderness) – kiss, love.
ἀγαπάω
Original Word: ἀγαπάω Part of Speech: Verb Transliteration: agapaó Phonetic Spelling: (ag-ap-ah'-o) Short Definition: I love Definition: I love, wish well to, take pleasure in, long for; denotes the love of reason, esteem.
Cognate: 25 agapáō – properly, to prefer, to love; for the believer, preferring to “live through Christ” (1 Jn 4:9,10), i.e. embracing God’s will (choosing His choices) and obeying them through His power. 25 (agapáō) preeminently refers to what God prefers as He “is love” (1 Jn 4:8,16). See 26 (agapē).
With the believer, 25 /agapáō (“to love”) means actively doing what the Lord prefers, with Him (by His power and direction). True 25 /agapáō (“loving”) is always defined by God – a “discriminating affection which involves choice and selection” (WS, 477). 1 Jn 4:8,16,17 for example convey how loving (“preferring,” 25 /agapáō) is Christ living His life through the believer.
ἀγαπάω, (ῶ; (imperfect ἠγάπων); future ἀγαπήσω; 1 aorist ἠγάπησα; perfect active (1 person plural ἠγαπήκαμεν, 1 John 4:10 WH text), participle ἠγαπηκῶς (2 Timothy 4:8); passive (present ἀγαπῶμαι); perfect participle ἠγαπημένος; 1 future ἀγαπηθήσομαι; (akin to ἄγαμαι (Fick, Part 4:12; see ἀγαθός, at the beginning)); to love, to be full of good-will and exhibit the same: Luke 7:47; 1 John 4:7f; with the accusative of the person, to have a preference for, wish well to, regard the welfare of: Matthew 5:43ff; Matthew 19:19; Luke 7:5; John 11:5; Romans 13:8; 2 Corinthians 11:11; 2 Corinthians 12:15; Galatians 5:14; Ephesians 5:25, 28; 1 Peter 1:22, and elsewhere; used often in the First Epistle of John of the love of Christians toward one another; of the benevolence which God, in providing salvation for men, has exhibited by sending his Son to them and giving him up to death, John 3:16; Romans 8:37; 2 Thessalonians 2:16; 1 John 4:11, 19; (noteworthy is Jude 1:1 L T Tr WH τοῖς ἐν Θεῷ πατρί ἠγαπημένοις; see ἐν, I. 4, and cf. Lightfoot on Colossians 3:12); of the love which led Christ, in procuring human salvation, to undergo sufferings and death, Galatians 2:20; Ephesians 5:2; of the love with which God regards Christ, John 3:35; (v. L marginal reading); ; Ephesians 1:6. When used of love to a master, God or Christ, the word involves the idea of affectionate reverence, prompt obedience, grateful recognition of benefits received: Matthew 6:24; Matthew 22:37; Romans 8:28; 1 Corinthians 2:9; 1 Corinthians 8:3; James 1:12; 1 Peter 1:8; 1 John 4:10, 20, and elsewhere. With an accusative of the thing ἀγαπάω denotes “to take pleasure in the thing, prize it above other things, be unwilling to abandon it or do without it”: δικαιοσύνην, Hebrews 1:9 (i. e. steadfastly to cleave to); τήν δόξαν, John 12:43; τήν πρωτοκαθεδρίαν, Luke 11:43; τό σκότος; and τό φῶς, John 3:19; τόν κόσμον. 1 John 2:15; τόν νῦν αἰῶνα, 2 Timothy 4:10, — both which last phrases signify to set the heart on earthly advantages and joys; τήν ψυχήν αὐτῶν, Revelation 12:11; ζωήν, 1 Peter 3:10 (to derive pleasure from life, render it agreeable to himself); to welcome with desire, long for: τήν ἐπιφάνειαν αὐτοῦ, 2 Timothy 4:8 (Wis. 1:1 Wis. 6:13; Sir. 4:12, etc.; so of a person: ἠγαπήθη, Wis. 4:10, cf. Grimm at the passage). Concerning the unique proof of love which Jesus gave the apostles by washing their feet, it is said ἠγάπησεν αὐτούς, John 13:1, cf. Lücke or Meyer at the passage (but others take ἀγαπήσας here more comprehensively, see Weiss’s Meyer, Godet, Westcott, Keil). The combination ἀγάπην ἀγαπᾶν τινα occurs, when a relative intervenes, in John 17:26; Ephesians 2:4 (2 Samuel 13:15 where τό μῖσος ὁ ἐμίσησεν αὐτήν is contrasted; cf. Genesis 49:25 εὐλόγησε σε εὐλογίαν; Ps. Sal. (in manuscript Pseudepig. Vet. Test. edition Fabric. i., p. 966; Libri Apocr. etc., edition Fritzsche, p. 588) δόξαν ἥν ἐδόξασεν αὐτήν); cf. Winers Grammar, § 32, 2; (Buttmann, 148f (129)); Grimm on 1 Macc. 2:54. On the difference between ἀγαπάω and φιλέω, see φιλέω. Cf. ἀγάπη, 1 at the end
θύω
KILL - SACRIFICE - SLAY
Original Word: θύω
Part of Speech: Verb
Transliteration: thuó
Phonetic Spelling: (thoo'-o)
Short Definition: I sacrifice, kill
Definition: I sacrifice, generally an animal; hence: I kill.
HELPS Word-studies
2380 thýō – to kill as a sacrifice and offer on an altar. 2380 /thýō ("sacrifice") means more than "kill" as it also suggests offering something as a spiritual sacrifice.
kill, sacrifice, slay.
butchered (1), kill (4), killed (2), offer sacrifice (1), offering sacrifice (1), sacrifice (2), sacrificed (3).
θύω; imperfect ἔθυον; 1 aorist ἔθυσα; passive, present infinitive θύεσθαι; perfect participle τεθυμενος; 1 aorist ἐτύθην (1 Corinthians 5:7, where Rec.bez elz ἐθυθην, cf. Winers Grammar, § 5, 1 d. 12); (from Homer down); the Sept. mostly for זָבַח, also for שָׁחַט, to slay;
- to sacrifice, immolate: absolutely, Acts 14:13; τίνι, the dative of person (in honor of one), Acts 14:18; τίνι τί, 1 Corinthians 10:20.
- to slay, kill: absolutely, Acts 10:13; Acts 11:7; τί, Luke 15:23, 27, 30; passive Matthew 22:4; τό πάσχα, the paschal lamb, Mark 14:12; passive, Luke 22:7; 1 Corinthians 5:7 (Deuteronomy 16:2, 6).
- to slaughter: absolutely, John 10:10; τινα, Sir. 31:24 (Sir. 34:24); 1 Macc. 7:19.
A primary verb; properly, to rush (breathe hard, blow, smoke), i.e. (by implication) to sacrifice (properly, by fire, but genitive case); by extension to immolate (slaughter for any purpose) – kill, (do) sacrifice, slay.
ἀπόλλυμι
PERISHING - LOOSE - DESTROY
Original Word: ἀπόλλυμι
Part of Speech: Verb
Transliteration: apollumi
Phonetic Spelling: (ap-ol’-loo-mee)
Short Definition: I destroy, lose, am perishing
Definition: (a) I kill, destroy, (b) I lose, mid: I am perishing (the resultant death being viewed as certain).
From apo and the base of olethros; to destroy fully (reflexively, to perish, or lose), literally or figuratively – destroy, die, lose, mar, perish.
622 apóllymi (from 575 /apó, “away from,” which intensifies ollymi, “to destroy”) – properly, fully destroy, cutting off entirely (note the force of the prefix, 575 /apó).
Original Word: ὄλεθρος, ου, ὁ
Part of Speech: Noun, Masculine
Transliteration: olethros
Phonetic Spelling: (ol’-eth-ros)
Short Definition: ruin, doom, destruction
Definition: ruin, doom, destruction, death.
HELPS Word-studies
3639 ólethros (from ollymi/”destroy”) – properly, ruination with its full, destructive results (LS). 3639 /ólethros (“ruination”) however does not imply “extinction” (annihilation). Rather it emphasizes the consequent loss that goes with the complete “undoing.”
622 /apóllymi (“violently/completely perish”) implies permanent (absolute) destruction, i.e. to cancel out (remove); “to die, with the implication of ruin and destruction” (L & N, 1, 23.106); cause to be lost (utterly perish) by experiencing a miserable end.
[This is also the meaning of 622 /apóllymi dating back to Homer (900 bc.]
ἀπόλλυμι and ἀπολλύω ((ἀπολλύει John 12:25 T Tr WH), imperative ἀπόλλυε Romans 14:15 (cf. Buttmann, 45 (39); WH’s Appendix, p. 168f)); future ἀπολέσω and (1 Corinthians 1:19 ἀπολῶ from a passage in the O. T., where often) ἀπολῶ (cf. Winers Grammar, 83 (80); (Buttmann, 64 (56))); 1 aorist ἀπώλεσα; to destroy; middle, present ἀπόλλυμαι; (imperfect 3 person plural ἀπώλλυντο 1 Corinthians 10:9 T Tr WH); future ἀπολοῦμαι; 2 aorist ἀπωλόμην; (2 perfect active participle ἀπολωλώς); (from Homer down); to perish.
1. to destroy i. e. to put out of the way entirely, abolish, put an end to, ruin: Mark 1:24; Luke 4:34; Luke 17:27, 29; Jude 1:5; τήν σοφίαν render useless, cause its emptiness to be perceived, 1 Corinthians 1:19 (from the Sept. of Isaiah 29:14); to kill: Matthew 2:13; Matthew 12:14; Mark 9:22; Mark 11:18; John 10:10, etc.; contextually, to declare that one must be put to death: Matthew 27:20; metaphorically, to devote or give over to eternal misery: Matthew 10:28; James 4:12; contextually, by one’s conduct to cause another to lose eternal salvation: Romans 14:15. Middle to perish, to be lost, ruined, destroyed;
a. of persons; (a). properly: Matthew 8:25; Luke 13:3, 5, 33; John 11:50; 2 Peter 3:6; Jude 1:11, etc.; ἀπόλλυμαι λιμῷ, Luke 15:17; ἐν μαχαρια, Matthew 26:52; καταβαλλόμενοι, ἀλλ’ οὐκ ἀπολλύμενοι, 2 Corinthians 4:9. (b). tropically, to incur the loss of true or eternal life; to be delivered up to eternal misery: John 3:15 (R Lbr.), ; (it must be borne in mind, that according to John’s conception eternal life begins on earth, just as soon as one becomes united to Christ by faith); Romans 2:12; 1 Corinthians 8:11; 1 Corinthians 15:18; 2 Peter 3:9. Hence, οἱ σῳζόμενοι they to whom it belongs to partake of salvation, and οἱ ἀπολλύμενοι those to whom it belongs to perish or to be consigned to eternal misery, are contrasted by Paul: 1 Corinthians 1:18; 2 Corinthians 2:15; 2 Corinthians 4:8; 2 Thessalonians 2:10 (on these present participles, cf. Winers Grammar, 342 (321); Buttmann, 206 (178)).
b. of things; to be blotted out, to vanish away: ἡ εὐπρέπεια, James 1:11; the heavens, Hebrews 1:11 (from Psalm 101:27 (); to perish — “of things which on being thrown away are decomposed, as μέλος τοῦ σώματος, Matthew 5:29f; remnants of bread, John 6:12; — or which perish in some other way, as βρῶσις, John 6:27; χρυσίον, 1 Peter 1:7; — or which are mined so that they can no longer subserve the use for which they were designed, as οἱ ἀσκοί: Matthew 9:17; Mark 2:22; Luke 5:37.
2. to destroy i. e. to lose;
a. properly: Matthew 10:42; Mark 9:41 (τόν μισθόν αὐτοῦ); Luke 15:4, 8, 9; Luke 9:25; Luke 17:33; John 12:25; 2 John 1:8, etc.
b. metaphorically, Christ is said to lose anyone of his followers (whom the Father has drawn to discipleship) if such a one becomes wicked and fails of salvation: John 6:39, cf. John 18:9. Middle to be lost: θρίξ ἐκ τῆς κεφαλῆς, Luke 21:18; θρίξ ἀπό τῆς κεφαλῆς, Acts 27:34 (Rec. πεσεῖται); τά λαμπρά ἀπώλετο ἀπό σου, Revelation 18:14 (Rec. ἀπῆλθε). Used of sheep, straying from the flock: properly, Luke 15:4 (τό ἀπολωλός, in Matthew 18:12 τό πλανώμενον). Metaphorically, in accordance with the O. T. comparison of the people of Israel to a flock (Jeremiah 27:6 (); Ezekiel 34:4, 16), the Jews, neglected by their religious teachers, left to themselves and thereby in danger of losing eternal salvation, wandering about as it were without guidance, are called τά πρόβατα τά ἀπολωλότα τοῦ οἴκου Ἰσραήλ: Matthew 10:6; Matthew 15:24 (Isaiah 53:6; 1 Peter 2:25); and Christ, reclaiming them from wickedness, is likened to a shepherd and is said ζητεῖν καί σῴζειν τό ἀπολωλός: Luke 19:10; Matthew 18:11 Rec. (Compare: συναπόλλυμι.)
μισέω
μισεῖ
μισος
MISERY - TO HATE - LOVELESS
μισέω Part of Speech: Verb Transliteration: miseó Phonetic Spelling: (mis-eh'-o) Short Definition: I hate, detest Definition: I hate, detest, love less, esteem less.
from misos (hatred)
3404 miséō – properly, to detest (on a comparative basis); hence, denounce; to love someone or something less than someone (something) else, i.e. to renounce one choice in favor of another.
Lk 14:26: “If anyone comes to Me, and does not hate (3404 /miséō, ‘love less’ than the Lord) his own father and mother and wife and children and brothers and sisters, yes, and even his own life, he cannot be My disciple” (NASU).
[Note the comparative meaning of 3404 (miséō) which centers in moral choice, elevating one value over another.]
μισέω, μισῶ; imperfect ἐμίσουν; future μισήσω; 1 aorist ἐμίσησα; perfect μεμίσηκα; passive, present participle μισουμενος; perfect participle μεμισημενος (Revelation 18:2); the Sept. for שָׂנֵא; (from Homer down); to hate, pursue with hatred, detest; passive to be hated, detested: τινα, Matthew 5:43 and Rec. in ; ; Luke 1:71; Luke 6:22, 27; Luke 19:14; John 7:7; John 15:18ff, ; ; Titus 3:3; 1 John 2:9 (); ; Revelation 17:16; passive, Matthew 10:22; Matthew 24:9; (Mark 13:13); Luke 21:17; τί: John 3:20; Revelation 7:15; Ephesians 5:29; Hebrews 1:9; Jude 1:23; Revelation 2:6 and Rec. in 15; passive Revelation 18:2. Not a few interpreters have attributed to μισεῖν in Genesis 29:31 (cf. Genesis 29:30); Deuteronomy 21:15; Matthew 6:24; Luke 14:26; Luke 16:13; (John 12:25); Romans 9:13, the signification to love less, to postpone in love or esteem, to slight, through oversight of the circumstance that ‘the Orientals, in accordance with their greater excitability, are accustomed both to feel and to profess love and hate where we Occidentals, with our cooler temperament, feel and express nothing more than interest in, or disregard and indifference to a thing’; Fritzsche, Commentary on Romans, ii., p. 304; cf. Rückert, Magazin f. Exegese u. Theologie des N. T., p. 27ff
εἰσέρχομαι
εἰσελθεῖν
ENTER - COME IN
Original Word: εἰσέρχομαι Part of Speech: Verb Transliteration: eiserchomai Phonetic Spelling: (ice-er'-khom-ahee) Short Definition: I go in, come in, enter Definition: I go in, come in, enter. HELPS Word-studies 1525 eisérxomai (from 1519 /eis, "into, unto" and 2064/erxomai, "come") – properly, come into, go (enter) into; (figuratively) to enter into for an important purpose – for the believer, doing so to experience the result of the Lord's eternal blessing.
ὑπάγω
ὑπάγει
GO AWAY - DEPART
Original Word: ὑπάγω Part of Speech: Verb Transliteration: hupagó Phonetic Spelling: (hoop-ag'-o) Short Definition: I go away, depart Definition: I go away, depart, begone, die.
HELPS Word-studies
5217 hypágō (from 5259 /hypó, “under” and 71 /ágō, “lead away”) – properly, to lead away under someone’s authority (mission, objective). 5217 /hypágō (literally, “going under”) indicates a change of relation which is only defined by the context.
ῥίπτω
THROW DOWN - DISPERSE - PROSTRATE
Original Word: ῥίπτω Part of Speech: Verb Transliteration: rhiptó Phonetic Spelling: (hrip'-to) Short Definition: I throw, cast, toss Definition: I throw, cast, toss, set down; pass: I am dispersed.
to cast, throw; equivalent to to throw down: τί, Acts 27:19; τί ἐκ τίνος, ibid. 29; τινα εἰς τήν θάλασσαν, Luke 17:2. equivalent to to throw off: τά ἱμάτια (Plato, rep. 5, p. 474 a.), Acts 22:23 (they cast off their garments that they might be the better prepared to throw stones (but cf. Wendt in Meyer 5te Aufl.)); τά ὅπλα, 1 Macc. 5:43 1 Macc. 7:44 1 Macc. 11:51; Xenophon, Cyril 4, 2, 33, and often in other Greek writings equivalent to to cast forward or before: τινα (or τί) εἰς τί (Matthew 27:5 (but here R G L ἐν τῷ ναῷ)); Luke 4:35; τινας παρά τούς πόδας Ἰησοῦ, to set down (with the suggestion of haste and want of care), of those who laid their sick at the feet of Jesus, leaving them at his disposal without a doubt but that he could heal them, Matthew 15:30. equivalent to to throw to the ground, prostrate: ἐρριμμένοι, prostrated by fatigue, hunger, etc. (R. V. scattered), Matthew 9:36 (καταλαβων ἐρριμμενους καί μεθυοντας, the enemy prostrate on the ground
βάλλω
THROW - CAST
Original Word: βάλλω
Part of Speech: Verb
Transliteration: balló
Phonetic Spelling: (bal’-lo)
Short Definition: I cast, throw, rush, put, place, drop
Definition: (a) I cast, throw, rush, (b) often, in the weaker sense: I place, put, drop.
βάλλω; future βάλω; perfect βέβληκα; 2 aorist ἔβαλον (3 person plural ἔβαλον in Luke 23:34; Acts 16:23, ἔβαλαν, the Alex. form, in Acts 16:37 L T Tr WH; (Revelation 18:19 Lachmann, see WH’s Appendix, p. 165 and) for references ἀπέρχομαι at the beginning); passive (present βάλλομαι); perfect βέβλημαι; pluperfect ἐβεβλημην; 1 aorist ἐβλήθην; 1 future βληθήσομαι; to throw — either with force, or without force yet with a purpose, or even carelessly;
cast out, send, throw down, thrust
A primary verb; to throw (in various applications, more or less violent or intense) – arise, cast (out), X dung, lay, lie, pour, put (up), send, strike, throw (down), thrust. Compare rhipto.
παραγίνομαι
παρεγίνοντο
ARRIVE - APPEAR ON THE SCENE
Original Word: παραγίνομαι
Part of Speech: Verb
Transliteration: paraginomai
Phonetic Spelling: (par-ag-in’-om-ahee)
Short Definition: I appear, come, arrive at
Definition: (a) I come on the scene, appear, come, (b) with words expressing destination: I present myself at, arrive at, reach.
παρεγίνοντο
they were coming
V-IIM-3P
From παρά & γίνομαι
Original Word: παρά
Part of Speech: Preposition
Transliteration: para
Phonetic Spelling: (par-ah’)
Short Definition: from, in the presence of
Definition: gen: from; dat: beside, in the presence of; acc: alongside of.
Original Word: γίνομαι
Part of Speech: Verb
Transliteration: ginomai
Phonetic Spelling: (ghin’-om-ahee)
Short Definition: I come into being, am born
Definition: I come into being, am born, become, come about, happen.
appeared (2), arrive (2), arrived (10), came (13), come (4), come here (1), coming (1), present (1), supported (1), when...arrived (1).
παραγίνομαι; imperfect 3 person plural παρεγίνοντο (John 3:23); 2 aorist παρεγενόμην; from Homer down; the Sept. for בּוא; (properly, to become near, to place oneself by the side of, hence) to be present, to come near, approach : absolutely, Matthew 3:1 (but in edition 1 Prof. Grimm (more appropriately) associates this with Hebrews 9:11; Luke 12:51 below); Luke (); ; John 3:23; Acts 5:21f, 25; Acts 9:39; Acts 10:32 (R G Tr marginal reading brackets), ; ; 1 Corinthians 16:3; followed by ἀπό with the genitive of place and εἰς with the accusative of place, Matthew 2:1; Acts 13:14; by ἀπό with the genitive of place and ἐπί with accusative of place and πρός with the accusative of person Matthew 3:13; by παρά with the genitive of person (i. e. sent by one (cf. Winer’s Grammar, 365 (342))), Mark 14:43; by πρός τινα, Luke 7:4, 20; Luke 8:19; Acts 20:18; πρός τινα ἐκ with the genitive of place, Luke 11:6; by εἰς with the accusative of place, John 8:2; Acts 9:26 (here Lachmann ἐν); ; by ἐπί τινα (against, see ἐπί, C. I. 2 g. γ. ββ.), Luke 22:52 (Tdf. πρός). equivalent to to come forth, make one’s public appearance, of teachers: of the Messiah, absolutely, Hebrews 9:11; followed by an infinitive denoting the purpose, Luke 12:51; (of John the Baptist, Matthew 3:1 (see above)). equivalent to to be present with help (R. V. “to take one’s part]”], with a dative of the person 2 Timothy 4:16 L T Tr WH. (Compare: συμπαραγίνομαι.)
πεπλήρωται
FULFILLED
πεπλήρωται .
is fulfilled
V-RIM/P-3S
πληρόω Part of Speech: Verb Transliteration: pléroó Phonetic Spelling: (play-ro'-o) Short Definition: I fill, fulfill, complete Definition: I fill, fulfill, complete.
Original Word: πλήρης, ες Part of Speech: Adjective Transliteration: plérés Phonetic Spelling: (play'-race) Short Definition: full Definition: full, abounding in, complete, completely occupied with. HELPS Word-studies Cognate: 4134 plḗrēs (an adjective) – full; used of being full of the presence of the Lord (His provisions) which is the definition of a full life. See 4130 (plēthō). Being "full" (4134 /plḗrēs) brings God's wisdom, grace and power (Ac 6:3,8).
ἐλέγχω
ἐλεγχθῇ
PROVE WRONG - REBUKE
Original Word: ἐλέγχω Part of Speech: Verb Transliteration: elegchó Phonetic Spelling: (el-eng'-kho) Short Definition: I rebuke, expose Definition: (a) I reprove, rebuke, discipline, (b) I expose, show to be guilty. HELPS Word-studies 1651 elégxō – properly, to convince with solid, compelling evidence, especially to expose (prove wrong, connect).
convict (2), convicted (2), convicts (1), expose (1), exposed (2), rebuke (1), refute (1), reprimanded (1), reprove (4), reproved (1), show...fault (1).
to convict, refute, confute, generally with a suggestion of the shame of the person convicted.
contextually, by conviction to bring to light, to expose.
used of the exposure and confutation of false teachers of Christianity.
to find fault with, correct;
to reprehend severely, chide, admonish, reprove.
to call to account, show one his fault, demand an explanation.
εἰργασμένα
ἐργάζομαι
ἔργον
WORK - LABOR
εἰργασμένα .
done
V-RPM/P-NNP
Original Word: ἐργάζομαι Part of Speech: Verb Transliteration: ergazomai Phonetic Spelling: (er-gad'-zom-ahee) Short Definition: I work, trade, do Definition: I work, trade, perform, do, practice, commit, acquire by labor.
Cognate: 2038 ergázomai (from 2041 /érgon, “work”) – to work (accomplish). See 2041 (ergon).
to work, labor, do work: it is opposite to inactivity or idleness.
ὑψόω
ὕψωμα
ὑψωματος
ὕψωσεν
LIFT UP - EXALT
ὕψωσεν
lifted up
V-AIA-3S
ὑψόω Part of Speech: Verb Transliteration: hupsoó Phonetic Spelling: (hoop-so'-o) Short Definition: I lift up, exalt Definition: (a) I raise on high, lift up, (b) I exalt, set on high.
5312 hypsóō (from 5311 /hýpsos, “height”) – properly, raise high (elevate), exalt.
to remove from (literally, out of) the earth by crucifixion (ὑψοῦν τινα followed by ἐκ, Psalm 9:14), John 12:32 (the Evangelist himself interprets the word of the lifting up upon the cross, but a careful comparison of John 8:28 and John 12:32 renders it probable that Jesus spoke of the heavenly exaltation which he was to attain by the crucifixion.
the Aramaic word רוּם, the ambiguity of which allowed it to be understood of the crucifixion; cf. Bleek, Beiträge zur Evangelienkritik, p. 231f; (the ‘lifting up’ includes death and the victory over death; the passion itself is regarded as a glorification.
metaphorically, to raise to the very summit of opulence and prosperity.
to exalt, to raise to dignity, honor, and happiness.
to that state of mind which ought to characterize a Christian.
to raise the spirits by the blessings of salvation.
Elevate with (by means of) his right hand (his power) (R. V. text); but the context forbids it to denote anything except at (to) the right hand of God.
Original Word: ὕψωμα, ατος, τό
Part of Speech: Noun, Neuter
Transliteration: hupsóma
Phonetic Spelling: (hoop’-so-mah)
Short Definition: height, barrier, bulwark
Definition: height, barrier, bulwark; presumption.
height, that which is lifted up.
Height, a lofty thing.
From hupsoo; an elevated place or thing, i.e. (abstractly) altitude, or (by implication) a barrier (figuratively) – height, high thing.
ὕψωμα, ὑψωματος, τό (ὑψόω), thing elevated, height: properly, of space, opposed to βάθος, Romans 8:39 (τοῦ ἀέρος, Philo de praem. et poen. § 1; ὅταν ὕψωμα λάβῃ μέγιστον ὁ ἥλιος, Plutarch, mor., p. 782 d.); specifically, elevated structure, i. e. barrier, rampart, bulwark: 2 Corinthians 10:5. (The Sept. (in Judges 10:8; Judges 13:4, actively); manuscript Venet. for ‘heave-offering’ in Leviticus 7:14, 32; Numbers 18:24ff).
ex·alt
iɡˈzôlt
verb
hold (someone or something) in very high regard; think or speak very highly of.
“the party will continue to exalt its hero”
synonyms: extol, praise, acclaim, esteem; More
raise to a higher rank or a position of greater power.
“this naturally exalts the peasant above his brethren in the same rank of society”
synonyms: elevate, promote, raise, advance, upgrade, ennoble, dignify, aggrandize
“this power exalts the peasant”
make noble in character; dignify.
“romanticism liberated the imagination and exalted the emotions”
synonyms: elevate, promote, raise, advance, upgrade, ennoble, dignify, aggrandize.
exalt (third-person singular simple present exalts, present participle exalting, simple past and past participle exalted)
(transitive) To honor; to hold in high esteem.
They exalted their queen.
EXALT
Etymology Edit ex- + altus (“high”) exaltō (present infinitive exaltāre, perfect active exaltāvī, supine exaltātum); first conjugation I exalt or elevate I praise I deepen altus (feminine alta, neuter altum, comparative altior, superlative altissimus); first/second declension high, tall deep profound deep-rooted
ANNOINT
From Latin oleum (“olive oil”), from Ancient Greek ἔλαιον (élaion, “olive oil”)
From Proto-Hellenic *élaiwon, identical to the modern Cypriot form.
Compare ἐλαία (elaía, “olive”).
ἔλαιον • (élaion) n (genitive ἐλαίου); second declension
olive oil
ἐλαίᾱ • (elaíā) f (genitive ἐλαίᾱς); first declension
olive tree
olive (fruit)
naevus
ἐλᾱ́ᾱ • (elā́ā) f (genitive ἐλᾱ́ᾱς); first declension
Attic form of ἐλαίᾱ (elaíā, “olive tree”)
ἔλπος • (élpos)
(hapax legomenon) Hesychius’ gives the definition as ἔλαιον (élaion, “olive oil”), στέαρ (stéar, “fat”), εὐθηνία (euthēnía, “abundance”)
Latin ALTUS
Etymology Edit
(adjective): From altum, supine of alō (“grow”).
(participle): Perfect passive participle of alō (“nourish”).
Corresponds to Proto-Indo-European *h₂eltós, a suffixed form of the root *h₂el- (“grow, nourish”) (compare Proto-Germanic *aldaz, whence English old and world).
Proto-Indo-European/ h₂el-
Grow, nourish, increase
exaltar (present tense exaltas, past tense exaltis, future tense exaltos, imperative exaltez, conditional exaltus)
(transitive) to elate, to exalt, to upraise
(transitive) to elevate (spirits)
————————–
UNCTION
Borrowed from Old French enoint, past participle of enoindre, from Latin inungere, from in + ungere, unguere (“to smear; to anoint”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₃engʷ- (“anoint”). --------------------------- SALVE From Latin salvē (hail, hello) salvē hail!, welcome!, farewell! salve (plural salves)
an ointment, cream, or balm with soothing, healing, or calming effects
any remedy or action that soothes or heals
From Latin salvō (“to save”).
(obsolete, astronomy) to save (the appearances or the phenomena); to explain (a celestial phenomenon); to account for (the apparent motions of the celestial bodies)
(obsolete) to resolve (a difficulty); to refute (an objection); to harmonize (an apparent contradiction)
1662, Thomas Salusbury, Galileo’s Dialogue Concerning the Two World Systems
He which should hold it more rational to make the whole Universe move, and thereby to salve the Earths mobility, is more unreasonable….
Proto-Indo-European/ selp-
Fat, Oil, Butter, Grease
Sanskrit
सर्पिस् • (sarpís) n
clarified butter (i.e. melted butter with the scum cleared off, commonly called “ghee”, either fluid or solidified; also in plural)
Latin
oleum n (genitive oleī); second declension
olive oil
—————————
(transitive) To raise in rank, status etc., to elevate.
The man was exalted from a humble carpenter to a minister.
Usage notes Edit
Do not confuse exalt (praise) (transitive) with exult (rejoice) (intransitive).
Synonyms Edit
upgrade
ὑψόω, ὑψῶ; future ὑψώσω; 1 aorist ὕψωσα; passive, 1 aorist ὑψωθην; 1 future ὑψωθήσομαι; (ὕψος); (Batr. 81; Hippocrates, others); the Sept. very often for רוּם, also for גָּבַהּ, נָשָׂא, גָּדַל, etc.; to lift up on high, to exalt, (Vulg.exalto): τινα or τί, properly, of place, John 3:14{a}; used of the elevation of Jesus on the cross, John 3:14{b}; ; with ἐκ τῆς γῆς added, to remove from (literally, out of) the earth by crucifixion (ὑψοῦν τινα followed by ἐκ, Psalm 9:14), John 12:32 (the Evangelist himself interprets the word of the lifting up upon the cross, but a careful comparison of John 8:28 and John 12:32 renders it probable that Jesus spoke of the heavenly exaltation which he was to attain by the crucifixion (cf. John 12:23ff, John 13:31ff, Luke 24:26), and employed the Aramaic word רוּם, the ambiguity of which allowed it to be understood of the crucifixion; cf. Bleek, Beiträge zur Evangelienkritik, p. 231f; (the ‘lifting up’ includes death and the victory over death; the passion itself is regarded as a glorification; cf. Westcott at the passage)); τινα ἕως τοῦ οὐρανοῦ (opposed to καταβιβάζειν (or καταβαίνειν ἕως ᾅδου), metaphorically, to raise to the very summit of opulence and prosperity, passive, Matthew 11:23; Luke 10:15 (others understood exaltation in privilege as referred to in these passages (see Matthew 11:21)); simply τινα, to exalt, to raise to dignity, honor, and happiness: Luke 1:52 (where opposed to ταπεινῷ); Acts 13:17; to that state of mind which ought to characterize a Christian, 2 Corinthians 11:7; to raise the spirits by the blessings of salvation, James 4:10; 1 Peter 5:6; ἐμαυτόν, to exalt oneself (with haughtiness and empty pride) (opposed to ταπεινῷ), Matthew 23:12; Luke 14:11; Luke 18:14; — in these same passages ὑψωθήσεται occurs, he shall be raised to honor. By a union of the literal and the tropical senses God is said ὑψῶσαι Christ τῇ δεξιά αὐτοῦ, Acts 5:31; passive, Acts 2:33; the dative in this phrase, judged according to Greek usage, hardly bears any other meaning than with (by means of) his right hand (his power) (R. V. text); but the context forbids it to denote anything except at (to) the right hand of God (so R. V. marginal reading); hence, the opinion of those has great probability who regard Peter’s phrase as formed on the model of the Aramaean לְיָמִין; cf. Bleek, Einl. in das N. T. edition 1, p. 346 (but see Winer’s Grammar, 214 (201), 215 (202); Meyer at the passage Compare: ὑπερυψόω.)
ὀπτάνομαι
Original Word: ὀπτάνομαι Part of Speech: Verb Transliteration: optanomai Phonetic Spelling: (op-tan'-om-ahee) Short Definition: I appear, am seen Definition: I appear, am seen (by), let myself be seen (by).
Cognate: 3700 optánomai (or optomai/optanō, likely a later cognate of 3708 /horáō) – become seen (appear). See 3708 (horaō).
A (middle voice) prolonged form of the primary (middle voice) optomai (op’-tom-ahee); which is used for it in certain tenses; and both as alternate of
horao; to gaze (i.e. With wide-open eyes, as at something remarkable; and thus differing from
blepo, which denotes simply voluntary observation; and from
eido, which expresses merely mechanical, passive or casual vision; while
theaomai, and still more emphatically its intensive
theoreo, signifies an earnest but more continued inspection; and
skopeo a watching from a distance) – appear, look, see, shew self.
see GREEK horao
see GREEK blepo
see GREEK eido
see GREEK theaomai
see GREEK theoreo
see GREEK skopeo
ὁράω
horaó: to see, perceive, attend to
Original Word: ὁράω
Part of Speech: Verb
Transliteration: horaó
Phonetic Spelling: (hor-ah’-o)
Short Definition: I see, look upon, experience
Definition: I see, look upon, experience, perceive, discern, beware.
3708 horáō – properly, see, often with metaphorical meaning: “to see with the mind” (i.e. spiritually see), i.e. perceive (with inward spiritual perception).
to see with the eyes
metaphorically, ὄψεσθαί τόν Θεόν, τόν κύριον, to be admitted into intimate and blessed fellowship with God in his future kingdom.
to see with the mind, to perceive, know.
to look at or upon, observe, give attention to.
to have learned from (see παρά, II. b.) the father (a metaphorical expression borrowed from sons, who learn what they see their fathers doing), John 8:38 (twice in Rec.; once in L T Tr WH); Christ is said to deliver to men ἅ ἑώρακεν, the things which he has seen, i. e. which he learned in his heavenly state with God before the incarnation, i. e. things divine, the counsels of God, John 3:11, 32; ἑωρακέναι Θεόν, to know God’s will, 3 John 1:11; from the contact and influence of Christ to have come to see (know) God’s majesty, saving purposes, and will (cf. Winer’s Grammar, 273 (257)), John 14:7, 9; in an emphatic sense, of Christ, who has an immediate and perfect knowledge of God without being taught by another.
to see i. e. to become acquainted with by experience, to experience: ζωήν, equivalent to to become a partaker of.
Properly, to stare at (compare optanomai), i.e. (by implication) to discern clearly (physically or mentally); by extension, to attend to; by Hebraism, to experience; passively, to appear – behold, perceive, see, take heed.
Original Word: βλέπω
Part of Speech: Verb
Transliteration: blepó
Phonetic Spelling: (blep’-o)
Short Definition: I look, see
Definition: (primarily physical), I look, see, perceive, discern.
blépō – properly, to see, be observant (watchful). 991 (blépō) suggests “to see something physical, with spiritual results (perception).” That is, it carries what is seen into the non-physical (immaterial) realm so a person can take the needed action (respond, beware, be alert).
See, With the bodily eye.
to be possessed of sight, have the power of seeing.
to turn the eyes to anything, to look at, look upon, gaze at.
to discover by use, to know by experience.
to discern mentally, observe, perceive, discover, understand.
to have (the power of) understanding.
to turn the thoughts or direct the mind to a thing, to consider, contemplate, look to; absolutely βλέπετε take heed.
to weigh carefully, examine.
Original Word: οἶδα Part of Speech: Verb Transliteration: eidó Phonetic Spelling: (i'-do) Short Definition: I know, remember Definition: I know, remember, appreciate.
By seeing it then to learn it.
1492 eídō (oida) – properly, to see with physical eyes (cf. Ro 1:11), as it naturally bridges to the metaphorical sense: perceiving (“mentally seeing”). This is akin to the expressions: “I see what You mean”; “I see what you are saying.”
1492 /eídō (“seeing that becomes knowing”) then is a gateway to grasp spiritual truth (reality) from a physical plane. 1492 (eídō) then is physical seeing (sight) which should be the constant bridge to mental and spiritual seeing (comprehension).
ἰδεῖν is much less physical than ὁρᾶν. ἰδεῖν denotes to perceive with the eyes; ὁρᾶν (which see), on the other hand, to see, i. e. it marks the use and action of the eye as the principal thing. Perception as denoted by ἰδέαν when conceived of as completed, permits the sensuous element to be forgotten and abides merely as an activity of the soul; for οἶδα, εἰδέναι, signifies not to have seen, but to know.
--------------------------------- θεάομαι Original Word: θεάομαι Part of Speech: Verb Transliteration: theaomai Phonetic Spelling: (theh-ah'-om-ahee) Short Definition: I see, behold, contemplate, visit Definition: I see, behold, contemplate, look upon, view; I see, visit.
Grasp its significance.
To get the moral of the story.
To learn morality by observing the theatrical show.
2300 theáomai (from tháomai, “to gaze at a spectacle”) – properly, gaze on (contemplate) as a spectator; to observe intently, especially to interpret something (grasp its significance); to see (concentrate on) so as to significantly impact (influence) the viewer.
[2300 (theáomai) is the root of 2302 /théatron (“spectacle in a theatre”), the root of the English term, “theatre.”]
θεωρέω
Part of Speech: Verb
Transliteration: theóreó
Phonetic Spelling: (theh-o-reh’-o)
Short Definition: I behold, look at, experience
Definition: I look at, gaze, behold; I see, experience, discern; I partake of.
2334 theōréō (from 2300 /theáomai, “to gaze, contemplate”) – gaze on for the purpose of analyzing (discriminating).
[2334 (theōréō) is the root of the English term “theatre,” i.e. where people concentrate on the meaning of an action (performance).]
To deeply consider what the author intended the audience to learn by watching the show in a theater.
to be a spectator, look at, behold.
to view attentively, take a view of, survey:
to view mentally, consider.
σκοπέω
Part of Speech: Verb
Transliteration: skopeó
Phonetic Spelling: (skop-eh’-o)
Short Definition: regard attentively, take heed
Definition: I look at, regard attentively, take heed, beware, consider.
What is the target, purpose or goal?
To keep ones eye on the target.
To scope the target or goal with the purpose of hitting the mark with an arrow.
To be “on target”
to look at, observe, contemplate. to mark.
to scrutinize, observe. When the physical sense recedes, equivalent to to fix one’s (mind’s) eye on, direct one’s attention to, a thing in order to get it, or owing to interest in it, or a duty toward it. Hence, often equivalent to aim at, care for, etc.
From skopos; to take aim at (spy), i.e. (figuratively) regard – consider, take heed, look at (on), mark.
σφραγίζω
TO IMPRESS A SEAL ONTO…
Original Word: σφραγίζω Part of Speech: Verb Transliteration: sphragizó Phonetic Spelling: (sfrag-id'-zo) Short Definition: I set a seal upon Definition: I seal, set a seal upon.
4972 sphragízō (from 4973 /sphragís, “a seal”) – properly, to seal (affix) with a signet ring or other instrument to stamp (a roller or seal), i.e. to attest ownership, authorizing (validating) what is sealed.
for security, to close it, lest Satan after being cast into it should come out; hence, the addition ἐπάνω αὐτοῦ, over him i. e. Satan.
4972 /sphragízō (“to seal”) signifies ownership and the full security carried by the backing (full authority) of the owner. “Sealing” in the ancient world served as a “legal signature” which guaranteed the promise (contents) of what was sealed.
[Sealing was sometimes done in antiquity by the use of religious tattoos – again signifying “belonging to.”]
Since things sealed up are concealed (as, the contents of a letter), (σφραγίζω means, tropically, to hide (Deuteronomy 32:34), keep in silence, keep secret.
in order to mark a person or thing; hence, to set a mark upon by the impress of a seal, to stamp: angels are said σφραγίζειν τινας ἐπί τῶν μετώπων, i. e. with the seal of God (see σφραγίς, c.) to stamp his servants on their foreheads as destined for eternal salvation, and by this means to confirm their hopes.
respecting God, who by the gift of the Holy Spirit indicates who are his.
in order to prove, confirm, or attest a thing; hence, tropically, to confirm, authenticate, place beyond doubt.
to prove by one’s testimony to a person that he is what he professes to be.
From sphragis; to stamp (with a signet or private mark) for security or preservation (literally or figuratively); by implication, to keep secret, to attest – (set a, set to) seal up, stop.
ἐρεῶ
SPEAK THE WORD (Logos)
ἐρεῶ Part of Speech: Verb Transliteration: ereó Phonetic Spelling: (er-eh'-o) Short Definition: I say, speak Definition: (denoting speech in progress), (a) I say, speak; I mean, mention, tell, (b) I call, name, especially in the pass., (c) I tell, command.
see eipon and legó.
Original Word: ῥῆμα, ατος, τό Part of Speech: Noun, Neuter Transliteration: rhéma Phonetic Spelling: (hray'-mah) Short Definition: a thing spoken Definition: a thing spoken, (a) a word or saying of any kind, as command, report, promise, (b) a thing, matter, business.
Probably a fuller form of rheo; an alternate for epo in certain tenses; to utter, i.e. Speak or say – call, say, speak (of), tell.
4487 rhḗma (from 4483 /rhéō, “to speak”) – a spoken word, made “by the living voice” (J. Thayer). 4487 /rhḗma (“spoken-word”) is commonly used in the NT (and in LXX) for the Lord speaking His dynamic, living word in a believer to inbirth faith (“His inwrought persuasion”).
Ro 10:17: “So faith proceeds from (spiritual) hearing; moreover this hearing (is consummated) through a rhēma-word (4487 /rhḗma) from Christ” (Gk text).
[See also Gal 3:2,5 which refers to “the hearing of faith” (Gk text) – i.e. a spiritual hearing that goes with the divine inbirthing of faith.]
πείθω
PERSUADE - URGE - TO OBEY
Original Word: πείθω Part of Speech: Verb Transliteration: peithó Phonetic Spelling: (pi'-tho) Short Definition: I persuade, urge Definition: I persuade, urge. HELPS Word-studies 3982 peíthō(the root of 4102 /pístis, "faith") – to persuade; (passive) be persuaded of what is trustworthy.
- Greek Peitho, proper name of a goddess, literally, Persuasion;
- Latin Suada or Suadela.
Per-Suadela
Persuade
assure (1), confident (3), convinced (7), followed (2), have confidence (2), having confidence (2), listen (1), obey (3), obeying (1), persuade (4), persuaded (8), persuading (1), put...trust (1), put confidence (1), put...confidence (1), relied (1), seeking the favor (1), sure (2), took...advice (1), trust (2), trusted (1), trusting (1), trusts (1), urging (1), win...over (1), won over (2).
The Lord persuades the yielded believer to be confident in His preferred-will (Gal 5:10; 2 Tim 1:12). 3982 (peíthō) involves “obedience, but it is properly the result of (God’s) persuasion” (WS, 422).
to persuade, i. e. to induce one by words to believe: absolutely πείσας μετέστησεν ἱκανόν ὄχλον, Acts 19:26; τί, to cause belief in a thing.
to make friends of, win one’s favor, gain one’s good-will, Acts 12:20; or to seek to win one, strive to please one, 2 Corinthians 5:11; Galatians 1:10; to conciliate by persuasion.
to tranquillize.
to persuade unto i. e. move or induce one by persuasion to do something.
to be persuaded, to suffer oneself to be persuaded; to be induced to believe.
A primary verb; to convince (by argument, true or false); by analogy, to pacify or conciliate (by other fair means); reflexively or passively, to assent (to evidence or authority), to rely (by inward certainty) – agree, assure, believe, have confidence, be (wax) conflent, make friend, obey, persuade, trust, yield.
ἀπειθέω
ἀπειθής
ἀπειθῶν
NOT PERSUADED - DISOBEDIENT
Strong’s Concordance
apeitheó: to disobey
Original Word: ἀπειθέω
Part of Speech: Verb
Transliteration: apeitheó
Phonetic Spelling: (ap-i-theh’-o)
Short Definition: I disobey, rebel, am disloyal
Definition: I disobey, rebel, am disloyal, refuse conformity.
HELPS Word-studies
Cognate: 544 apeithéō – literally, refuse to be persuaded (by the Lord). See 543 (apeitheia).
Original Word: ἀπειθής, ές
Part of Speech: Adjective
Transliteration: apeithés
Phonetic Spelling: (ap-i-thace’)
Short Definition: unbelieving, disobedient
Definition: unbelieving, disobedient, who will not be persuaded.
HELPS Word-studies
Cognate: 545 apeithḗs (an adjective) – literally, unwilling to be persuaded (by God) which shows itself in outward disobedience (outward spiritual rebellion); disobedient because unpersuaded.
545 /apeithḗs (“unpersuaded”) begins with the decision to reject what God prefers, with His offer to persuade about His preferred-will (cf. 2307 /thélēma). See 543 (apeitheia).
λαλέω
λαλεῖ
TALKATIVE - CHATTERING - SPEAK - SAY
Original Word: λαλέω Part of Speech: Verb Transliteration: laleó Phonetic Spelling: (lal-eh'-o) Short Definition: I speak, say Definition: (I talk, chatter in classical Greek, but in NT a more dignified word) I speak, say.
from lalos (talkative)
properly, to utter a sound (cf. (onomatop. la-la, etc.) German lallen), to emit a voice make oneself heard; hence to utter or form words with the mouth, to speak, having reference to the sound and pronunciation of the words and in general the form of what is uttered. while λεγο refers to the meaning and substance of what is spoken; hence λαλεῖν is employed not only of men, especially when chatting and prattling, but also of animals (of birds, Mosch. 3, 47; of locusts,
.
λαβὼν
λαμβάνει
HAVING TAKEN - RECEIVED
Original Word: λαμβάνω Part of Speech: Verb Transliteration: lambanó Phonetic Spelling: (lam-ban'-o) Short Definition: I receive, take Definition: (a) I receive, get, (b) I take, lay hold of.
θέλω
θέλοντας
SEIZE WITH THE MIND - INTEND - WISH
DESIGN - PLAN - GOAL
θέλω Part of Speech: Verb Transliteration: theló Phonetic Spelling: ( eth-el'-o,) Short Definition: I will, wish, desire Definition: I will, wish, desire, am willing, intend, design.
properly, to seize with the mind.
to be resolved or determined, to purpose.
Cognate: 2309 thélō (a primitive verb, NAS dictionary) – to desire (wish, will), wanting what is best (optimal) because someone is ready and willing to act.
2309 /thélō (“to desire, wish”) is commonly used of the Lord extending His “best-offer” to the believer – wanting (desiring) to birth His persuasion (faith) in them which also empowers, manifests His presence etc. See 2307 (thelēma).
[Note the close connection between faith (4102 /pístis, “God’s inbirthed persuasion”) and this root (thel-, 2307 /thélēma); cf. 2 Cor 8:5-7 and Heb 10:36-39).]
λανθάνει αὐτούς τοῦτο θέλοντας this (viz., what follows, ὅτι etc.) escapes them of their own will, i. e. they are purposely, wilfully, ignorant.
οὐ θέλω to be unwilling (desire not)
θέλω signifies the choice, while βούλομαι marks the choice as deliberate and intelligent; yet they acknowledge that the words are sometimes used indiscriminately, and especially that θέλω as the less sharply-defined term is put where βούλομαι would be proper;
αἱρέω
Original Word: αἱρέω Part of Speech: Verb Transliteration: haireó Phonetic Spelling: (hahee-reh'-om-ahee) Short Definition: I choose, prefer Definition: I choose, prefer. HELPS Word-studies 138 hairéomai (a primitive verb, always in the Greek middle voice) – properly, lay hold of by a personal choice.
[The Greek middle voice emphasizes the self-interest of the one preferring (deciding) to grasp or take.]
to take for oneself, to choose, prefer.
