NOUNS 2

Question 1

Ó Conaill

Answer 1

O’CONNELL

https: //wikivisually.com/wiki/O%27Connell_family
https: //atlanticreligion.com/tag/cuillean/

O’Connell is a last name of Irish origin.[1] It is an Anglicisation of the Gaelic Ó Conaill (meaning “descendant of Conall”).

The personal name Conall is possibly composed of the elements con (from cú meaning “hound” or “wolf”) and gal (meaning “valour”).

According to tradition, they descend from the ancient Uí Fidgenti (Uí Chonaill Gabra sept) of County Limerick, being descendants of Dáire Cerbba, and are thus cousins of the O’Donovans and O’Collins.

https: //en.wikipedia.org/wiki/O%27Connell_(name)
https: //en.wikipedia.org/wiki/O%27Connell_family
https: //en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael_Collins_(Irish_leader)
https: //en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dáil_Éireann
https: //en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seanad_Éireann
https: //en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Margaret_Collins-O%27Driscoll
https: //wikivisually.com/wiki/U%C3%AD_Fidgenti
https: //wikivisually.com/wiki/Deda_mac_Sin

Genealogies deriving from the Uí Fidgenti include O’Billry, O’Bruadair (Brouder), O’Cennfhaelaidh (Kenneally/Kenealy), Clerkin, Collins (Cuilen), O’Connell, O’Dea, Donovan, Flannery, O’Heffernans, Kenealyes, Mac Eneiry, O’Quin, and Tracy. Whether a surname is distinguished with an “O’” is irrelevant, as all the old Irish families derive from their “Ui” prefix designation; the use of the “O” was discouraged during the era of the Penal Laws, and came back into vogue in connection with the rise of Irish nationalism after the 1840s.

Modern descendants of Daire Cerbba include the O’Connells of Derrynane, Daniel Charles, Count O’Connell having explicitly declared this to the heralds of Louis XVI of France. Also was Michael Collins, descending from the Ó Coileáin of Uí Chonaill Gabra, once the most powerful sept of the Uí Fidgenti.

https: //wikivisually.com/wiki/Michael_Collins_(Irish_leader)
https: //en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gerald_O%27Collins
https: //www.aletterfromireland.com/have-you-heard-of-the-irish-patriot-called-michael-collins/
https: //www.aletterfromireland.com/have-a-close-look-at-this-photo/

People often wonder about their families “castles”! But as we discover, the stone castles we see all over Ireland today are a relatively modern phenomenon – most built from the 1400s to the 1600s.

So, how do you find earlier traces of your family? Many of the buildings they lived in were made of wood and wattle – and surrounded by earthenwalls – sometimesthe ring or “fairy-forts” we see today.

But another thing you can do (for the Gaelic families here) is to find out the main tribe or kingdom that your family belonged to. These were groupings that existed for hundreds of years before the advent of surnames.

This picture?

This is the “Cnoc Samhna” (“Hill of Samhain”) – which you will find just to the south of Bruree (Palace of the kings) in modern county Limerick.

It is believed to be the “inaugration” site of the kings of the Uí Fidgenti – a tribe that gave us the surnames Collins, O’Donovan, Flannery, Ring, O’Connell and McEniry. It was on these sites that significant rituals took place – such as the inauguration of a new King.

The families in this tribe were driven south to Cork in the 1100s by the Fitzgeralds and McCarthys.

Many of these hills are insignificant today – often a hill the springs up a little more than the land around it.

But, when you know what you’re looking for – your imagination will fill in a lot of the details!

https: //www.jstor.org/stable/30007606
https: //www.hmoob.in/wiki/O%27Donovan
https: //en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Derrynane_House
https: //en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daniel_O%27Connell
https: //en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mary_O%27Connell_(1778–1836)
https: //en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dublin_Castle

O’ Connell’s 1862 American Pale Ale
Our trip to The White Hag Irish Brewing Co. . We were there to see our very own 1862 American Pale Ale come off the production line. Thanks to everyone who helped us with this collaboration brewand to @Hugh Sweeney for filming it all. 1862 is available now in O’Connells Bar.

Daniel O’Connell (Jnr) (1816 – 14 June 1897) was one of seven children (the youngest of four sons) of Daniel and Mary O’Connell of Ireland. He served in the British Parliament from 1846 to 1847 as Member of Parliament (MP) for Dundalk, from 1847 to 1848 as an MP for Waterford City, and from 1853 to 1863 as MP for Tralee. He was also a moderately successful brewer, producing a brand called “O’Connell’s Ale”, which for a short time tried to compete with Guinness in popularity. His brothers Maurice, John and Morgan were all MPs.

http: //ww7.oconnellsbargalway.com
https: //www.facebook.com/oconnellsbar/?__xts__[0]=68.ARBHJFOtN8bhCXZc4gFT1hzTt5tWJkDoAJgJCTjxD_ttkqHQGqxZnzWNdNQ9mglLO-4UKIrnwr7LC5mV3MVz2YZzEnl0IYYwVb4A-sDYEf2h5f_p-j2-Tr8Q-dPRJG8vUyi4PCmaWoCSmn-8E7wBCqpjxrV1K-t5Or1KfqOr8Jzhe2jB1pAH71b_vQYT8Xns_m39epa-PU3mxSsKat1TRpHNd7PHLKWaHuYzC-_F0FgPC8i_DfABb35lvhSMHqze__4-CciMbZ1bRw_A1yhfw8CkqJ3kT6K8hOotFSEYZBVCizcJxvxTv6xF4vcTlklp4Q&__xts__[1]=68.ARDcRCQ1UEZLh6x7sbxDdGMZAjrLAWagZbdb0vHz9_SYLx-gVP-rIPOkUba0GRKLBgTLYpUUkOZVpOHJlHhEyJ-F2_T-jizqxRCr4FRa5ZvN032BHmsIclTcnUsSk3Phe3iNd39HuATqr1G6kPOSXFi6qxsQR_6C2Hh5ooiHwUtxDWmkQepVPru6wSfoCc5pPSnwwWB66sY3smfQcAgKJfho1D2ViSgqVto9NmfX66yDaORrDuP0ftVxyueNLp31H7PX7KhiGiz3EyvzCgkidRrbW6Ul1vJ4zkGAn2mzlDEIw6Oyimhutw&hc_ref=ARQtMgSwH579u3PtOKhiUPDvIb24qZHMdQ-9SxuTvfJsrNo_a5qzvQtv9xSoikVu6U&fref=tag&__tn__=kC-R
https: //en.wikipedia.org/wiki/O%27Donnell_dynasty
https: //en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Branches_of_the_Cenél_Conaill
https: //en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tyrconnell
https: //en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conall_Gulban
https: //en.wikipedia.org/wiki/O%27Doherty_family
https: //en.wikipedia.org/wiki/U%C3%AD_Néill
https: //en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Branches_of_the_Cenél_nEógain
https: //en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingship_of_Tara
https: //en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hill_of_Tara
https: //en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lia_Fáil
https: //en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuatha_Dé_Danann
https: //en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Danu(Irish_goddess)
https: //en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mother_goddess
https: //en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Earth_goddess
https: //en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mother_Nature
https: //en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jörð
https: //en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fjörgyn_and_Fjörgynn
https: //en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frigg
https: //en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freyja
https: //en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Friday

The name Friday comes from the Old English frīġedæġ, meaning the “day of Frig”, a result of an old convention associating the Germanic goddess Frigg with the Roman goddess Venus, with whom the day is associated in many different cultures.

From diēs (“day”) and Veneris, genitive of Venus.
Noun

diēs Veneris (genitive diēī Veneris) (fem.)
Friday
Venus (Latin)

Origin & history

From Proto-Italic *wenos‎ (“love”), from Proto-Indo-European *wenh₁-‎ (“to wish, love”). See also Latin veneror‎, venia and English wish‎.
Proper noun

Venus (fem.) (genitive Veneris)
Venus, Roman goddess of natural productivity.
Venus, the second planet in our solar system.

https: //en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Persephone
https: //en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaia
https: //en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cybele
https: //en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Demeter
https: //en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhea_(mythology)
https: //en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hestia
https: //en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vesta_(mythology)

From Where Does The Surname Originate? meaning and history
Whence O’CUILLEAN. This name, which is often corrupted to Cullen, and anglicized to Collins, signifies catullus, whelp. Ulster Journ, of Archaeology, No. 2. The tribe or clan of Cullen took their name from Cuilean, an Irish chief of the VIII. cent. O’Donovan.

Cuillean Surname Definition:
Whence O’CUILLEAN. This name, which is often corrupted to Cullen, and anglicized to Collins, signifies catullus, whelp. Ulster Journ, of Archaeology, No. 2. The tribe or clan of Cullen took their name from Cuilean, an Irish chief of the VIII.

https://www.jstor.org/stable/25489809?seq=1#metadata_info_tab_contents

The Siuloidi na Ceathrun Rua - Trail 1 Cuillean

Description
The Siuloidi na Ceathrun Rua - Trail 1 Cuillean is a 2 mi looped trail that starts and ends in Barraderry, Ireland. The trail is considered to be easy to hike and has a total elevation gain of 159 ft. The trail takes around 1 hrs 3 mins. Either you are not allowed to bring your dog on the Siuloidi na Ceathrun Rua - Trail 1 Cuillean or it is generally not advised.

Question 2

ουσιαστικό

Answer 2

SUBSTANTIVE - NOUN PHRAZE - PREDICAND

To be constituted by one or more particular lexical or grammatical items.

“A [substantive is a] grammatical term that in the Middle Ages included both noun and adjective, but later meant noun exclusively. It is not usually found in later 20c English grammars. . . . However, the term has been used to refer to nouns and any other parts of speech serving as nouns (‘the substantive’ in English).

Substantive Nouns and Adjectival Nouns
- “In Aristotelian, and scholastic, terminology, ‘substance’ is more or less synonymous with ‘entity.’ It is this by now almost obsolete sense of ‘substance’ which gave rise to the term ‘substantive’ for what, in modern terminology, are normally called nouns.”

In traditional grammar, a substantive is a word or a group of words that functions as a noun or noun phrase. … In some forms of construction grammar, substantive is used in a broad sense that’s unrelated to the traditional meaning of substantive (or noun).

Essentially, the substantive noun refers to any part of speech, including an adjective or a verb, that serves the function of a noun within a given sentence …

Translations of substantive
Noun
ουσιαστικό
substantive, noun

Adjective
ουσιαστικός
substantive, substantial, intrinsic, de facto, substantival

ανεξάρτητος
independent, irrespective, congregational, substantive

In contemporary language studies, the more common term for a substantive is nominal.

Question 3

στοῖχος 
στοιχεῖον
στοιχεῖα
στοιχέω
στοιχῶμεν

Answer 3

FIRST PRINCIPLES - ELEMENTAL SPIRITS - AXIOMS
ONE OF A SERIES
ALPHABETICAL PHONEMES

to direct one’s life, to live, by of the rules

εἰ πνεύματι … στοιχῶμεν
if the Holy Spirit animates us (see ζάω, I. 3 under the end), let us exhibit that control of the Spirit in our life, Galatians 5:25
τῷ κανόνι, according to the rule, Galatians 6:16

στοιχεῖον, ου, τό
Part of Speech: Noun, Neuter
Transliteration: stoicheion
Phonetic Spelling: (stoy-khi’-on)
Definition: one of a row, a letter (of the alphabet), the elements (of knowledge)
Usage: (a) plur: the heavenly bodies, (b) a rudiment, an element, a rudimentary principle, an elementary rule.
HELPS Word-studies
4747 stoixeíon– properly, fundamentals, like with the basic components of a philosophy, structure, etc.; (figuratively) “first principles,” like the basic fundamentals of Christianity.

[4747 (stoixeíon) refers to “the rudiments with which mankind . . . were indoctrinated (before the time of Christ), i.e. the elements of religious training or the ceremonial precepts common alike to the worship of Jews and of Gentiles” (J. Thayer).

The RSV however renders stoixeia as “elemental spirits,” i.e. spiritual powers or “cosmic spirits” (DNTT, 2, 828). This views 4747 /stoixeíon (“elements”) as ancient astral beings associated with the very beginning (make-up) of the earth.]

“any first thing, from which the others belonging to some series or composite whole take their rise; an element, first principle”. The word denotes specifically:

the letters of the alphabet as the elements of speech, not however the written characters (which are called γράμματα), but the spoken sounds: στοιχεῖον φωνῆς φωνή ἀσύνθετος.

the elements from which all things have come, the material causes of the universe (ἐστι δέ στοιχεῖον, ἐξ οὗ πρώτου γίνεται τά γινόμενα καί εἰς ὁ ἔσχατον ἀναλύεται … τό πῦρ, τό ὕδωρ, ὁ ἀήρ, ἡ γῆ.

στοῖχος
row in an ascending series
( architecture ) course of bricks
file of persons marching one behind another, as in a procession
( of ships, columns )
( of soldiers, file )
(row of columns)
( of the files of the chorus in plays )
a line of poles supporting hunting nets , into which the game were driven

στοιχέω
Part of Speech: Verb
Transliteration: stoicheó
Phonetic Spelling: (stoy-kheh'-o)
Definition: to be in rows, to walk by rule
Usage: I walk in, walk by.

4748 stoixéō (from stoixos, “a row, line, or rank”) – properly, walk in line, in strict accordance to a particular pace (“stride”); walk in cadence, “keep in step.”

στοιχεῖα
(“Data”)
στοιχεῖα‎ (Lat. elementa) gradually became the standard Greek word for ‘elements’, and it was used with a range of senses similar to the English term used to translate it.
Etymologically it means ‘one of a series’ (στοῖχος‎).

See Also in Greek

τα στοιχεία
ta stoicheía
the data

δημογραφικά στοιχεία
dimografiká stoicheía
demographics data

περιουσιακά στοιχεία
periousiaká stoicheía
assets data

αποδεικτικά στοιχεία
apodeiktiká stoicheía
evidence data

στατιστικά στοιχεία
statistiká stoicheía
statistical data

συστατικά στοιχεία
systatiká stoicheía
basic ingredients for a recipe

αναλυτικά στοιχεία
analytiká stoicheía
detailed information

μεταλλικά στοιχεία
metalliká stoicheía
minerals - metallic elements

βασικά στοιχεία
vasiká stoicheía
basic elements

πλήρη στοιχεία
plíri stoicheía
full evidence - complete data

Englishman's Concordance
Acts 21:24 V-PIA-2S
GRK: ἔστιν ἀλλὰ στοιχεῖς καὶ αὐτὸς
NAS: also walk orderly, keeping
KJV: also walkest orderly, and keepest
INT: is but you walk orderly also yourself
Romans 4:12 V-PPA-DMP
GRK: καὶ τοῖς στοιχοῦσιν τοῖς ἴχνεσιν
NAS: but who also follow in the steps
KJV: who also walk in the steps
INT: also to those that walk in the steps

Galatians 5:25 V-PSA-1P
GRK: πνεύματι καὶ στοιχῶμεν 
NAS: let us also walk by the Spirit.
KJV: let us also walk in the Spirit.
INT: by [the] Spirit also we should walk

Galatians 6:16 V-FIA-3P
GRK: κανόνι τούτῳ στοιχήσουσιν εἰρήνη ἐπ’
NAS: And those who will walk by this rule,
KJV: And as many as walk according to this
INT: rule by this will walk peace [be] upon

Philippians 3:16 V-PNA
GRK: τῷ αὐτῷ στοιχεῖν
NAS: however, let us keep living by that same
KJV: we have already attained, let us walk by the same
INT: by the same to walk

Strong’s Greek 4748
5 Occurrences

στοιχήσουσιν — 1 Occ.
στοιχεῖν — 1 Occ.
στοιχεῖς — 1 Occ.
στοιχῶμεν — 1 Occ.
στοιχοῦσιν — 1 Occ.

walk orderly.
From a derivative of steicho (to range in regular line); to march in (military) rank (keep step), i.e. (figuratively) to conform to virtue and piety – walk (orderly).

Forms and Transliterations
εστοιχισμέναι στοιχειν στοιχείν στοιχεῖν στοιχεις στοιχείς στοιχεῖς στοιχήσει στοιχησουσιν στοιχήσουσιν στοιχούσι στοιχουσιν στοιχοῦσιν στοιχωμεν στοιχώμεν στοιχῶμεν

στοιχέω, στοίχω; future στοιχήσω; (στοῖχος a row, series);

Question 4

πλήρωμα
πλήρης
πλήθω
πληρόω
πληρώματος

Answer 4

COMPLETION - FULLNESS - ACCOMPLISHMENT

πλήρωμα, ατος, τό
Part of Speech: Noun, Neuter
Transliteration: pléróma
Phonetic Spelling: (play'-ro-mah)
Definition: fullness, a filling up
Usage: (a) a fill, fullness; full complement; supply, patch, supplement, (b) fullness, filling, fulfillment, completion.

“sum total, fulness, even (super) abundance”

πληρόω
Part of Speech: Verb
Transliteration: pléroó
Phonetic Spelling: (play-ro'-o)
Definition: to make full, to complete
Usage: I fill, fulfill, complete.

Cognate: 4137 plēróō (from plērēs, “be full,” see 4130 /plḗthō) – properly, fill to individual capacity, i.e. to the extent it is “meet” (appropriate). See 4130 (plēthō).

Verb
πληρόω • (plēróō)
to fill, make full
to finish, complete
to fulfill

πλήρης (plḗrēs, “full”) +‎ -όω (-óō, factitive verb suffix)

πλήρης, ες
Part of Speech: Adjective
Transliteration: plérés
Phonetic Spelling: (play'-race)
Definition: full
Usage: full, abounding in, complete, completely occupied with.

Cognate: 4134 plḗrēs (an adjective) – full; used of being full of the presence of the Lord (His provisions) which is the definition of a full life. See 4130 (plēthō). Being “full” (4134 /plḗrēs) brings God’s wisdom, grace and power (Ac 6:3,8).

πλήθω
Part of Speech: Verb
Phonetic Spelling: (play'-tho)
Definition: furnish, accomplish, fill, supply
Usage: I fill, fulfill, complete.

4130 plḗthō (or pimplēmi) – properly, fill to the maximum (full extent), “the limit” (CBL). 4130 /plḗthō (“full”) implies “filled to one’s (individual) capacity.”

[This root (plē-) expresses totality, and implies full quantity (“up to the max”). DNTT (1,733) notes its cognates (plērēs, plēroō, plērōma) all come from the root (plē-/plēthō) meaning “full in quantity.” Thus 4130 /plḗthō (“to fill or complete”) refers to “that which is complete in itself because of plentitude, entire number or quantity. . . . the whole aggregate,” WS, 395,96).

4130 (plēthō) may be a by-form derived from the same root as pimplēmi. All these terms (cognates) emphasize the idea of “maximum (full extent).”]

πληρώματος
from/ of the fullness
N-GNS

πλήρωμα — 12 Occ.
πληρώματα — 2 Occ.
πληρώματι — 1 Occ.
πληρώματος — 3 Occ.
πληρωθείσης — 1 Occ.
πληρωθέντων — 1 Occ.
πληρωθῶ — 1 Occ.
πληρωθῶσιν — 5 Occ.
πληροῖς — 1 Occ.
πληρούμενον — 1 Occ.
πληρουμένου — 1 Occ.
πληροῦν — 1 Occ.
πληροῦσθε — 1 Occ.
πλήρωμα — 12 Occ.
πληρώματι — 1 Occ.
πληρώματος — 3 Occ.
πλησίον — 17 Occ.
πλησμονὴν — 1 Occ.

ἐπλήγη — 1 Occ.
πλοιάρια — 2 Occ.
πλοιαρίῳ — 1 Occ.
πλοιάριον — 2 Occ.
πλοῖα — 6 Occ.
πλοίῳ — 14 Occ

———————————————————
Suffix
-όω • (-óō)
Added to a noun or adjective to make a verb with a causative or factitive meaning: to make someone do or be something.

factitive (not comparable)
(linguistics, of a verb) Taking a complement that expresses a result along with a direct object, or inherently implying a complement; or synonymous with causative.
to make someone be something
enslave: to make someone a slave

Factive
(linguistics, rare, of a verb) Factive.
From
Adjective[edit]
factive (not comparable)
(grammar, of a verb) Licensing only those content clauses that represent claims assumed to be true.
(epistemology, of a knowing agent) Which does not know any falsities: which knows only truths.

From Latin facere (“to make”).

from Latin factum (“a deed, act, exploit; in Medieval Latin also state, condition, circumstance”)
neuter of factus (“done or made”)
perfect passive participle of faciō (“do, make”).

Noun
fact (countable and uncountable, plural facts)
Something actual as opposed to invented.
In this story, the Gettysburg Address is a fact, but the rest is fiction.
Something which is real.
Gravity is a fact, not a theory.
Something concrete used as a basis for further interpretation.
Let’s look at the facts of the case before deciding.
An objective consensus on a fundamental reality that has been agreed upon by a substantial number of experts.
There is no doubting the fact that the Earth orbits the Sun.
Information about a particular subject, especially actual conditions and/or circumstances.
The facts about space travel.
(databases) An individual value or measurement at the lowest level of granularity in a data warehouse.
(archaic) Action; the realm of action.
(law, obsolete except in set phrases) A wrongful or criminal deed.
He had become an accessory after the fact.
(obsolete) A feat or meritorious deed.

Question 5

Νέμεσῐς

Answer 5

NEMESIS

from νέμω (“to distribute an allotment”) + σῐς (ab. noun)

Proper noun
Νέμεσῐς • (Némesis) f (genitive Νεμέσεως); third declension
Nemesis, goddess of retribution.

Personification of νέμεσις (némesis, “distribution”)
from νέμω (némō, “to distribute”).

Proper noun
Nemesis
(Greek mythology) The goddess of divine retribution.
Coordinate term: Invidia
(astronomy) 128 Nemesis, a main belt asteroid.
(astronomy) A hypothetical star postulated to be orbiting the Sun to explain a perceived cycle of mass extinctions in the geological record.

From Ancient Greek Νέμεσις (“Nemesis, goddess of retribution”).

Verb
νέμω • (némō)
to deal out, distribute, dispense
(of herdsmen), to pasture or graze their flocks, drive to pasture, tend

From Proto-Indo-European *nem- (“to assign, allot; take”).

Cognate with English numb, Dutch nemen, German nehmen

Adjective
numb (comparative number, superlative numbest)
Physically unable to feel, not having the power of sensation.
fingers numb with cold
legs numb from kneeling
Synonyms: deadened, insensible
Emotionally unable to feel or respond in a normal way.
numb with shock; numb with boredom
Synonym: stunned
(obsolete) Causing numbness.

Verb
numb (third-person singular simple present numbs, present participle numbing, simple past and past participle numbed)
(transitive) To cause to become numb (physically or emotionally).
The dentist gave me novocaine to numb my tooth before drilling, thank goodness.
When I first heard the news, I was numbed by the shock.
Synonym: benumb
(transitive) To cause (a feeling) to be less intense.
He turned to alcohol to numb his pain.
Synonym: dull
(transitive) To cause (the mind, faculties, etc.) to be less acute.
Synonym: dull
(intransitive) To become numb (especially physically).

From the past participle of nim (“to take”).
Compare German benommen (“dazed, numb”).

Question 6

ἀγορά - ἀγοράζω - ἐξαγοράζω

Answer 6

MARKET - AGORA - BUY BACK - RANSOM - REDEEM

ἀγορά, ᾶς, ἡ
Part of Speech: Noun, Feminine
Transliteration: agora
Phonetic Spelling: (ag-or-ah')
Definition: an assembly, place of assembly
Usage: market-place, forum, public place of assembly.
NAS Exhaustive Concordance
Word Origin
from ageiró (to bring together)
Definition
an assembly, place of assembly
NASB Translation
market place (5), market places (6).

buy, redeem.
From agora; properly, to go to market, i.e. (by implication) to purchase; specially, to redeem – buy, redeem.

ἀγοράζω
Part of Speech: Verb
Transliteration: agorazó
Phonetic Spelling: (ag-or-ad'-zo)
Definition: to buy in the marketplace, purchase
Usage: I buy.

59 agorázō (from 58 /agorá, “the ancient marketplace, town-center”) – properly, to make purchases in the marketplace (“agora”), i.e. as ownership transfers from seller to buyer.

59 /agorázō (“acquire by purchasing”) stresses transfer – i.e. where something becomes another’s belonging (possession).

In salvation-contexts, 59 (agorázō) is not redeeming (“buying back”), but rather focuses on how the believer now belongs to the Lord as His unique possession (J. Thayer).

Indeed, Christ purchases all the privileges and responsibilities that go with belonging to Him (being in Christ).

[See also the intensified, compound (1805 /eksagorázō).]

ἐξαγοράζω
Part of Speech: Verb
Transliteration: exagorazó
Phonetic Spelling: (ex-ag-or-ad’-zo)
Definition: to buy up, ransom, to rescue from loss
Usage: I buy out, buy away from, ransom; mid: I purchase out, buy, redeem, choose.

1805 eksagorázō (from 1537 /ek, “completely out from” which intensifies 59 /agorázō, “buy-up at the marketplace”) – properly, take full advantage of, seizing a buying-opportunity, i.e. making the most of the present opportunity (recognizing its future gain). Note the prefix (ek) which lends the meaning, “out and out,” “fully” (WS, 917.)

Englishman's Concordance
Galatians 3:13 V-AIA-3S
GRK: Χριστὸς ἡμᾶς ἐξηγόρασεν ἐκ τῆς
NAS: Christ redeemed us from the curse
KJV: Christ hath redeemed us from
INT: Christ us ransomed from the
Galatians 4:5 V-ASA-3S
GRK: ὑπὸ νόμον ἐξαγοράσῃ ἵνα τὴν
NAS: so that He might redeem those
KJV: To redeem them that were under
INT: under law he might ransom that the

https://biblehub.com/text/galatians/3-13.htm

Ephesians 5:16 V-PPM-NMP
GRK: ἐξαγοραζόμενοι τὸν καιρόν
NAS: making the most of your time, because
KJV: Redeeming the time, because
INT: redeeming the time

https://biblehub.com/text/galatians/4-5.htm

Colossians 4:5 V-PPM-NMP
GRK: τὸν καιρὸν ἐξαγοραζόμενοι
NAS: outsiders, making the most of the opportunity.
KJV: them that are without, redeeming the time.
INT: the time redeeming

Question 7

υἱοθεσία

Answer 7

ADOPTED DIVINE SON - LEGALLY MADE A SON (not a child)

Educated, competent and able to manage ones own affairs “Estate”

υἱοθεσία, ας, ἡ
Part of Speech: Noun, Feminine
Transliteration: huiothesia
Phonetic Spelling: (hwee-oth-es-ee'-ah)
Definition: adoption
Usage: adoption, as a son into the divine family.

5206 hyiothesía (from 5207 /hyiós, “son” and 5087 /títhēmi, “to place”) – properly, sonship (legally made a son); adoption.

https://biblehub.com/greek/5206.htm

υἱός, οῦ, ὁ
Part of Speech: Noun, Masculine
Transliteration: huios
Phonetic Spelling: (hwee-os')
Definition: a son
Usage: a son, descendent.
HELPS Word-studies
5207 hyiós – properly, a son (by birth or adoption); (figuratively) anyone sharing the same nature as their Father. For the believer, becoming a son of God begins with being reborn (adopted) by the heavenly Father – through Christ (the work of the eternal Son). In the NT, 5207 /hyiós ("son") equally refers to female believers (Gal 3:28).

5207 /hyiós (“son”) emphasizes likeness of the believer to the heavenly Father, i.e. resembling His character more and more by living in faith (“God’s inwrought persuasons,” see 4102 /pístis).

5207 /hyiós (“son”) highlights the (legal) right to the Father’s inheritance, i.e. as the believer lives in conformity with the Father’s nature (purpose).

τίθημι
Part of Speech: Verb
Transliteration: tithémi
Phonetic Spelling: (tith'-ay-mee)
Definition: to place, lay, set
Usage: I put, place, lay, set, fix, establish.

to place
A prolonged form of a primary theo (theh’-o) (which is used only as alternate in certain tenses) to place (in the widest application, literally and figuratively; properly, in a passive or horizontal posture, and thus different from histemi, which properly denotes an upright and active position, while keimai is properly reflexive and utterly prostrate) – + advise, appoint, bow, commit, conceive, give, X kneel down, lay (aside, down, up), make, ordain, purpose, put, set (forth), settle, sink down.

see GREEK histemi

ἵστημι
Part of Speech: Verb
Transliteration: histémi
Phonetic Spelling: (his'-tay-mee)
Definition: to make to stand, to stand
Usage: trans: (a) I make to stand, place, set up, establish, appoint; mid: I place myself, stand, (b) I set in balance, weigh; intrans: (c) I stand, stand by, stand still; met: I stand ready, stand firm, am steadfast.

see GREEK keimai

κεῖμαι
Part of Speech: Verb
Transliteration: keimai
Phonetic Spelling: (ki'-mahee)
Definition: to be laid, lie
Usage: I lie, recline, am placed, am laid, set, specially appointed, destined.

υἱοθεσίαν (huiothesian) — 3 Occurrences
Romans 8:23 N-AFS
GRK: ἑαυτοῖς στενάζομεν υἱοθεσίαν ἀπεκδεχόμενοι τὴν
NAS: waiting eagerly for [our] adoption as sons, the redemption
KJV: waiting for the adoption, [to wit], the redemption
INT: ourselves groan adoption awaiting the

Galatians 4:5 N-AFS
GRK: ἵνα τὴν υἱοθεσίαν ἀπολάβωμεν
NAS: that we might receive the adoption as sons.
KJV: we might receive the adoption of sons.
INT: that the adoption we might receive

Ephesians 1:5 N-AFS
GRK: ἡμᾶς εἰς υἱοθεσίαν διὰ Ἰησοῦ
NAS: He predestined us to adoption as sons through
KJV: unto the adoption of children by
INT: us for adoption through Jesus

Englishman's Concordance
Matthew 1:1 N-GMS
GRK: Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ υἱοῦ Δαυὶδ υἱοῦ
NAS: the Messiah, the son of David,
KJV: Christ, the son of David,
INT: of Jesus Christ son of David son
Matthew 1:1 N-GMS
GRK: υἱοῦ Δαυὶδ υἱοῦ Ἀβραάμ 
NAS: the son of David, the son of Abraham:
KJV: the son of David, the son of Abraham.
INT: son of David son of Abraham

Matthew 1:20 N-NMS
GRK: λέγων Ἰωσὴφ υἱὸς Δαυίδ μὴ
NAS: Joseph, son of David,
KJV: Joseph, thou son of David,
INT: saying Joseph son of David not

Matthew 1:21 N-AMS
GRK: τέξεται δὲ υἱὸν καὶ καλέσεις
NAS: She will bear a Son; and you shall call
KJV: she shall bring forth a son, and
INT: she will bear moreover a son and you will call

Matthew 1:23 N-AMS
GRK: καὶ τέξεται υἱόν καὶ καλέσουσιν
NAS: AND SHALL BEAR A SON, AND THEY SHALL CALL
KJV: shall bring forth a son, and
INT: and will bear a son and they will call

Matthew 1:25 N-AMS
GRK: οὗ ἔτεκεν υἱόν καὶ ἐκάλεσεν
NAS: she gave birth to a Son; and he called
KJV: her firstborn son: and he called
INT: that she brought forth a son and he called

Matthew 2:15 N-AMS
GRK: ἐκάλεσα τὸν υἱόν μου 
NAS: OUT OF EGYPT I CALLED MY SON.
KJV: have I called my son.
INT: have I called the Son of me

Matthew 3:17 N-NMS
GRK: ἐστιν ὁ υἱός μου ὁ
NAS: is My beloved Son, in whom
KJV: my beloved Son, in whom
INT: is the Son of me the

Matthew 4:3 N-NMS
GRK: αὐτῷ Εἰ υἱὸς εἶ τοῦ
NAS: to Him, If You are the Son of God,
KJV: If thou be the Son of God, command
INT: to him If Son you are

Matthew 4:6 N-NMS
GRK: αὐτῷ Εἰ υἱὸς εἶ τοῦ
NAS: to Him, If You are the Son of God,
KJV: If thou be the Son of God, cast
INT: to him If Son you are

Matthew 5:9 N-NMP
GRK: ὅτι αὐτοὶ υἱοὶ θεοῦ κληθήσονται
NAS: for they shall be called sons of God.
KJV: shall be called the children of God.
INT: for they sons of God will be called

Matthew 5:45 N-NMP
GRK: ὅπως γένησθε υἱοὶ τοῦ πατρὸς
NAS: so that you may be sons of your Father
KJV: ye may be the children of your
INT: so that you might be sons of the Father

Matthew 7:9 N-NMS
GRK: αἰτήσει ὁ υἱὸς αὐτοῦ ἄρτον
NAS: you who, when his son asks
KJV: if his son ask bread,
INT: should ask the son of him bread

Matthew 8:12 N-NMP
GRK: οἱ δὲ υἱοὶ τῆς βασιλείας
NAS: but the sons of the kingdom
KJV: But the children of the kingdom
INT: moreover sons of the kingdom

Matthew 8:20 N-NMS
GRK: ὁ δὲ υἱὸς τοῦ ἀνθρώπου
NAS: [have] nests, but the Son of Man
KJV: [have] nests; but the Son of man hath
INT: and [the] Son of man

Matthew 8:29 N-VMS
GRK: καὶ σοί υἱὲ τοῦ θεοῦ
NAS: What business do we have with each other, Son of God?
KJV: Jesus, thou Son of God?
INT: and to you Son of God

Matthew 9:6 N-NMS
GRK: ἔχει ὁ υἱὸς τοῦ ἀνθρώπου
NAS: that you may know that the Son of Man
KJV: ye may know that the Son of man hath
INT: has the Son of man

Matthew 9:15 N-NMP
GRK: δύνανται οἱ υἱοὶ τοῦ νυμφῶνος
NAS: said to them, The attendants of the bridegroom
KJV: Can the children of the bridechamber
INT: Can the sons of the bridechamber

Matthew 9:27 N-VMS
GRK: Ἐλέησον ἡμᾶς υἱὸς Δαυίδ 
NAS: out, Have mercy on us, Son of David!
KJV: saying, [Thou] Son of David,
INT: Have mercy on us Son of David

Matthew 10:23 N-NMS
GRK: ἔλθῃ ὁ υἱὸς τοῦ ἀνθρώπου
NAS: of Israel until the Son of Man comes.
KJV: of Israel, till the Son of man be
INT: be come the Son of man

Matthew 10:37 N-AMS
GRK: ὁ φιλῶν υἱὸν ἢ θυγατέρα
NAS: of Me; and he who loves son or
KJV: and he that loveth son or daughter
INT: he that loves son or daughter

Matthew 11:19 N-NMS
GRK: ἦλθεν ὁ υἱὸς τοῦ ἀνθρώπου
NAS: The Son of Man came
KJV: The Son of man came
INT: Came the Son the of man

Matthew 11:27 N-AMS
GRK: ἐπιγινώσκει τὸν υἱὸν εἰ μὴ
NAS: knows the Son except
KJV: knoweth the Son, but
INT: knows the Son if not

Matthew 11:27 N-NMS
GRK: μὴ ὁ υἱὸς καὶ ᾧ
NAS: except the Son, and anyone to whom
KJV: the Father, save the Son, and [he] to
INT: not the Son and to whom

Matthew 11:27 N-NMS
GRK: βούληται ὁ υἱὸς ἀποκαλύψαι 
NAS: and anyone to whom the Son wills
KJV: to whomsoever the Son will reveal
INT: might resolve the Son to reveal [him]

Strong’s Greek 5207
382 Occurrences

υἱὲ — 9 Occ.
υἱῷ — 15 Occ.
υἱῶν — 17 Occ.
υἱοὶ — 33 Occ.
υἱοῖς — 7 Occ.
υἱὸν — 86 Occ.
υἱὸς — 164 Occ.
υἱοῦ — 37 Occ.
υἱοὺς — 14 Occ.

Question 8

δοῦλος 
δουλόω 
δουλεύω
Δοῦλε
δούλῳ
δουλώσουσιν
δεδούλωται
δεδουλωμένοι
δεδουλωμένας

Answer 8

HELD IN BONDAGE - SLAVE - SERVANT - INDENTURED

https://biblehub.com/interlinear/galatians/4.htm

δοῦλος (a slave)
δουλόω (to make someone into a slave, enslave)
δουλεύω (to behave as a slave, do as slaves do)
δεδουλωμένοι (having been slaves, to be held in bondage)

Adjective
δοῦλος • (doûlos) m (feminine δούλη, neuter δοῦλον); first/second declension (Attic, Ionic)
slavish, servile, subject

Related to Mycenaean Greek 𐀈𐀁𐀫 (do-e-ro /dohelos/), possibly from Canaanite *dōʾēlu “servant, attendant” (compare Late Babylonian 𒁕𒀝𒂵𒇻 (daggālu, “subject, one who waits on another, does their bidding”), Aramaic דַּיָּילָא‎ (dayyālā)).

According to professor Asko Parpola, the word δοῦλος is related to the ethnonym Dahae (found as Δάοι, Δάαι, Δαι or Δάσαι in Greek sources) and thus related to Sanskrit दस्यु (dasyu, “bandit, brigand”) and Sanskrit दास (dāsa) which originally meant ‘demon’ and later also ‘slave’ or ‘fiend’.

δοῦλος, ου, ὁ
Part of Speech: Adjective; Noun, Feminine; Noun, Masculine
Transliteration: doulos
Phonetic Spelling: (doo’-los)
Definition: a slave
Usage: (a) (as adj.) enslaved, (b) (as noun) a (male) slave.

1401 doúlos (a masculine noun of uncertain derivation) – properly, someone who belongs to another; a bond-slave, without any ownership rights of their own. Ironically, 1401 /doúlos (“bond-slave”) is used with the highest dignity in the NT – namely, of believers who willingly live under Christ’s authority as His devoted followers.

δουλόω
Part of Speech: Verb
Transliteration: douloó
Phonetic Spelling: (doo-lo'-o)
Definition: to enslave, bring under subjection
Usage: I enslave.

Cognate: 1402 doulóō – enslave (passive, “become enslaved”), focusing on the status of being a bond-slave. In contrast to the other verb-form of the same root (1398 /douleúō), 1402 (doulóō) stresses the results (effects) of enslavement. That is, what automatically goes with belonging to another. See 1401 (doulos).

δουλεύω
Part of Speech: Verb
Transliteration: douleuó
Phonetic Spelling: (dool-yoo'-o)
Definition: to be a slave, to serve
Usage: I am a slave, am subject to, obey, am devoted.

Cognate: 1398 douleúō (from 1401 /doúlos) – properly, to serve as a slave, having all personal ownership-rights assigned to the owner; (figuratively) to willingly give over the prerogative to be self-governing. See 1401 (doulos).

δεδουλωμένοι (dedoulōmenoi) — 1 Occurrence
Galatians 4:3 V-RPM/P-NMP
GRK: κόσμου ἤμεθα δεδουλωμένοι
(We were slaves of “the cosmos”)
NAS: we were children, were held in bondage under
KJV: were in bondage under
INT: world were held in bondage

δεδουλωμένας (dedoulōmenas) — 1 Occurrence
Titus 2:3 V-RPM/P-AFP
GRK: οἴνῳ πολλῷ δεδουλωμένας καλοδιδασκάλους
NAS: nor enslaved to much
KJV: not given to much
INT: to wine much enslaved teachers of what is good

δεδούλωται (dedoulōtai) — 2 Occurrences
1 Corinthians 7:15 V-RIM/P-3S
GRK: χωριζέσθω οὐ δεδούλωται ὁ ἀδελφὸς
NAS: the sister is not under bondage in such
KJV: is not under bondage in such
INT: let him separate himself not is under bondage the brother

2 Peter 2:19 V-RIM/P-3S
GRK: ἥττηται τούτῳ δεδούλωται
NAS: is overcome, by this he is enslaved.
KJV: of the same is he brought in bondage.
INT: has been subdued by that he is held in bondage

δουλώσουσιν (doulōsousin) — 1 Occurrence
Acts 7:6 V-FIA-3P
GRK: ἀλλοτρίᾳ καὶ δουλώσουσιν αὐτὸ καὶ
NAS: LAND, AND THAT THEY WOULD BE ENSLAVED AND MISTREATED
KJV: them into bondage, and
INT: strange and they will enslave it and

——————————————————————-

δούλῳ (doulō) — 6 Occurrences
Matthew 8:9 N-DMS
GRK: καὶ τῷ δούλῳ μου Ποίησον
NAS: and he comes, and to my slave, 'Do
KJV: and to my servant, Do this,
INT: and to servant of me Do

Luke 7:8 N-DMS
GRK: καὶ τῷ δούλῳ μου Ποίησον
NAS: and he comes, and to my slave, 'Do
KJV: and to my servant, Do this,
INT: and to [the] servant of me Do

Luke 14:21 N-DMS
GRK: εἶπεν τῷ δούλῳ αὐτοῦ Ἔξελθε
NAS: and said to his slave, 'Go
KJV: said to his servant, Go out quickly
INT: said to servant of him Go out

Luke 17:9 N-DMS
GRK: χάριν τῷ δούλῳ ὅτι ἐποίησεν
NAS: He does not thank the slave because
KJV: thank that servant because he did
INT: thankful the servant because he did

John 18:10 N-DMS
GRK: ὄνομα τῷ δούλῳ Μάλχος 
NAS: ear; and the slave's name
KJV: ear. The servant's name was
INT: name the servant's Malchus

Revelation 1:1 N-DMS
GRK: αὐτοῦ τῷ δούλῳ αὐτοῦ Ἰωάννῃ
NAS: [it] by His angel to His bond-servant John,
KJV: angel unto his servant John:
INT: of him to the servant of him John

Δοῦλε (Doule) — 6 Occurrences
Matthew 18:32 N-VMS
GRK: λέγει αὐτῷ Δοῦλε πονηρέ πᾶσαν
NAS: to him, 'You wicked slave, I forgave
KJV: O thou wicked servant, I forgave
INT: says to him servant evil all

Matthew 25:21 N-VMS
GRK: αὐτοῦ Εὖ δοῦλε ἀγαθὲ καὶ
NAS: and faithful slave. You were faithful
KJV: faithful servant: thou hast been
INT: to him Well done servant good and

Matthew 25:23 N-VMS
GRK: αὐτοῦ Εὖ δοῦλε ἀγαθὲ καὶ
NAS: and faithful slave. You were faithful
KJV: faithful servant; thou hast been
INT: of him Well done servant good and

Matthew 25:26 N-VMS
GRK: αὐτῷ Πονηρὲ δοῦλε καὶ ὀκνηρέ
NAS: lazy slave, you knew
KJV: slothful servant, thou knewest
INT: to him evil servant and lazy

Luke 19:17 N-VMS
GRK: Εὖγε ἀγαθὲ δοῦλε ὅτι ἐν
NAS: good slave, because
KJV: thou good servant: because
INT: Well done good servant because in

Luke 19:22 N-VMS
GRK: σε πονηρὲ δοῦλε ᾔδεις ὅτι
NAS: you, you worthless slave. Did you know
KJV: [thou] wicked servant. Thou knewest
INT: you evil servant you knew that

δοῦλος (doulos) — 35 Occurrences
Matthew 10:24 N-NMS
GRK: διδάσκαλον οὐδὲ δοῦλος ὑπὲρ τὸν
NAS: nor a slave above
KJV: nor the servant above
INT: teacher nor a servant above the

Matthew 10:25 N-NMS
GRK: καὶ ὁ δοῦλος ὡς ὁ
NAS: his teacher, and the slave like
KJV: master, and the servant as his
INT: and the servant as the

Matthew 18:26 N-NMS
GRK: οὖν ὁ δοῦλος προσεκύνει αὐτῷ
NAS: So the slave fell
KJV: The servant therefore fell down,
INT: therefore the servant fell on his knees to him

Matthew 18:28 N-NMS
GRK: δὲ ὁ δοῦλος ἐκεῖνος εὗρεν
NAS: But that slave went out and found
KJV: the same servant went out,
INT: moreover the servant same found

Matthew 20:27 N-NMS
GRK: ἔσται ὑμῶν δοῦλος 
NAS: among you shall be your slave;
KJV: let him be your servant:
INT: let him be your slave

Matthew 24:45 N-NMS
GRK: ὁ πιστὸς δοῦλος καὶ φρόνιμος
NAS: and sensible slave whom
KJV: and wise servant, whom his
INT: the faithful servant and wise

Matthew 24:46 N-NMS
GRK: μακάριος ὁ δοῦλος ἐκεῖνος ὃν
NAS: Blessed is that slave whom his master
KJV: Blessed [is] that servant, whom his
INT: Blessed [is] the servant that whom

Matthew 24:48 N-NMS
GRK: ὁ κακὸς δοῦλος ἐκεῖνος ἐν
NAS: that evil slave says
KJV: that evil servant shall say in
INT: the evil servant that in

Mark 10:44 N-NMS
GRK: ἔσται πάντων δοῦλος 
NAS: among you shall be slave of all.
KJV: the chiefest, shall be servant of all.
INT: will be of all slave

Luke 7:2 N-NMS
GRK: δέ τινος δοῦλος κακῶς ἔχων
NAS: And a centurion’s slave, who
KJV: a certain centurion’s servant, who was
INT: moreover a certain servant sick being

Luke 12:43 N-NMS
GRK: μακάριος ὁ δοῦλος ἐκεῖνος ὃν
NAS: Blessed is that slave whom his master
KJV: Blessed [is] that servant, whom his
INT: Blessed [is] the servant that whom

Luke 12:45 N-NMS
GRK: εἴπῃ ὁ δοῦλος ἐκεῖνος ἐν
NAS: But if that slave says in his heart,
KJV: if that servant say in
INT: should say the servant that in

Luke 12:47 N-NMS
GRK: δὲ ὁ δοῦλος ὁ γνοὺς
NAS: And that slave who knew his master's
KJV: And that servant, which knew
INT: moreover servant who having known

Luke 14:21 N-NMS
GRK: παραγενόμενος ὁ δοῦλος ἀπήγγειλεν τῷ
NAS: And the slave came
KJV: So that servant came, and shewed
INT: having come the servant reported to the

Luke 14:22 N-NMS
GRK: εἶπεν ὁ δοῦλος Κύριε γέγονεν
NAS: And the slave said, 'Master,
KJV: And the servant said, Lord,
INT: said the servant Sir it has been done

John 8:34 N-NMS
GRK: τὴν ἁμαρτίαν δοῦλός ἐστιν τῆς
NAS: who commits sin is the slave of sin.
KJV: sin is the servant of sin.
INT: the sin a slave is of the

John 8:35 N-NMS
GRK: ὁ δὲ δοῦλος οὐ μένει
NAS: The slave does not remain
KJV: And the servant abideth not
INT: and [the] slave not abides

John 13:16 N-NMS
GRK: οὐκ ἔστιν δοῦλος μείζων τοῦ
NAS: I say to you, a slave is not greater
KJV: I say unto you, The servant is not
INT: not Is a servant greater than the

John 15:15 N-NMS
GRK: ὅτι ὁ δοῦλος οὐκ οἶδεν
NAS: you slaves, for the slave does not know
KJV: servants; for the servant knoweth not
INT: for the servant not knows

John 15:20 N-NMS
GRK: Οὐκ ἔστιν δοῦλος μείζων τοῦ
NAS: that I said to you, 'A slave is not greater
KJV: said unto you, The servant is not
INT: not Is a servant greater than the

Romans 1:1 N-NMS
GRK: ΠΑΥΛΟΣ δοῦλος Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ
NAS: Paul, a bond-servant of Christ Jesus,
KJV: Paul, a servant of Jesus Christ,
INT: Paul servant of Jesus Christ

1 Corinthians 7:21 N-NMS
GRK: δοῦλος ἐκλήθης μή
NAS: Were you called while a slave? Do not worry
KJV: Art thou called [being] a servant? care
INT: servant [being] were you called not

1 Corinthians 7:22 N-NMS
GRK: κυρίῳ κληθεὶς δοῦλος ἀπελεύθερος κυρίου
NAS: in the Lord while a slave, is the Lord’s
KJV: the Lord, [being] a servant, is
INT: [the] Lord having been called [being] a slave a freedman of [the] Lord

1 Corinthians 7:22 N-NMS
GRK: ἐλεύθερος κληθεὶς δοῦλός ἐστιν Χριστοῦ
NAS: while free, is Christ’s slave.
KJV: is Christ’s servant.
INT: free having been called a slave is of Christ

Galatians 1:10 N-NMS
GRK: ἤρεσκον Χριστοῦ δοῦλος οὐκ ἂν
NAS: men, I would not be a bond-servant of Christ.
KJV: not be the servant of Christ.
INT: I were pleasing Christ’s servant not anyhow

Galatians 3:28 N-NMS
GRK: οὐκ ἔνι δοῦλος οὐδὲ ἐλεύθερος
NAS: there is neither slave nor free man,
KJV: there is neither bond nor free,
INT: neither there is slave nor free

Galatians 4:7 N-NMS
GRK: οὐκέτι εἶ δοῦλος ἀλλὰ υἱός
NAS: you are no longer a slave, but a son;
KJV: thou art no more a servant, but a son;
INT: no longer you are slave but son

Ephesians 6:8 N-NMS
GRK: κυρίου εἴτε δοῦλος εἴτε ἐλεύθερος
NAS: from the Lord, whether slave or free.
KJV: whether [he be] bond or
INT: Lord whether slave or free

Colossians 3:11 N-NMS
GRK: βάρβαρος Σκύθης δοῦλος ἐλεύθερος ἀλλὰ
NAS: Scythian, slave and freeman,
KJV: Scythian, bond [nor] free:
INT: barbarian Scythian slave free but

Colossians 4:12 N-NMS
GRK: ἐξ ὑμῶν δοῦλος Χριστοῦ Ἰησοῦ
NAS: is one of your number, a bondslave of Jesus
KJV: you, a servant of Christ,
INT: of you a servant of Christ Jesus

Titus 1:1 N-NMS
GRK: ΠΑΥΛΟΣ δοῦλος θεοῦ ἀπόστολος
NAS: Paul, a bond-servant of God
KJV: Paul, a servant of God, and
INT: Paul servant of God an apostle

James 1:1 N-NMS
GRK: Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ δοῦλος ταῖς δώδεκα
NAS: James, a bond-servant of God
KJV: James, a servant of God and
INT: Jesus Christ servant to the twelve

2 Peter 1:1 N-NMS
GRK: Συμεὼν ΠΕΤΡΟΣ δοῦλος καὶ ἀπόστολος
NAS: Peter, a bond-servant and apostle
KJV: Simon Peter, a servant and an apostle
INT: Simon Peter servant and apostle

Jude 1:1 N-NMS
GRK: Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ δοῦλος ἀδελφὸς δὲ
NAS: Jude, a bond-servant of Jesus Christ,
KJV: Jude, the servant of Jesus Christ,
INT: of Jesus Christ servant brother moreover

Revelation 6:15 N-NMS
GRK: καὶ πᾶς δοῦλος καὶ ἐλεύθερος
NAS: and every slave and free man
KJV: and every bondman, and every
INT: and every servant and free [man]

Interlinear Greek • Interlinear Hebrew • Strong’s Numbers • Englishman’s Greek Concordance • Englishman’s Hebrew Concordance • Parallel Texts

Concordance Entries
Strong’s Greek 1401
126 Occurrences

δοῦλα — 2 Occ.
Δοῦλε — 6 Occ.
δούλῳ — 6 Occ.
δούλων — 5 Occ.
δοῦλοι — 22 Occ.
δούλοις — 7 Occ.
δοῦλον — 18 Occ.
δοῦλος — 35 Occ.
δούλου — 6 Occ.
δούλους — 19 Occ.
Additional Entries
δούλας — 1 Occ.
δούλη — 1 Occ.
δούλης — 1 Occ.
δοῦλα — 2 Occ.
Δοῦλε — 6 Occ.
δούλῳ — 6 Occ.
δούλων — 5 Occ.
δοῦλοι — 22 Occ.
δούλοις — 7 Occ.
δοῦλον — 18 Occ.
δούλου — 6 Occ.
δούλους — 19 Occ.
δεδουλωμένας — 1 Occ.
δεδουλωμένοι — 1 Occ.
δεδούλωται — 2 Occ.
δουλώσουσιν — 1 Occ.
δουλωθέντες — 1 Occ.
ἐδούλωσα — 1 Occ.
ἐδουλώθητε — 1 Occ.
δοχὴν — 2 Occ.

Englishman’s Concordance

————————————————————————-

Question 9

παιδᾰγωγός

Answer 9

PEDAGOGUE - TUTOR - ONE WHO IS A LEADER OF CHILDREN

παῖς (paîs, “child”) +‎ ᾰ̓γω + γός (agōgós, “guide, escort”)

παιδί • (paidí) n (plural παιδιά)
child, kid

παιδῐ́ον • (paidíon) n (genitive παιδῐ́ου); second declension
little child, young child
From παῖς (paîs, “child”) +‎ -ιον (-ion, diminutive suffix).

ᾰ̓γωγός
Adjective
ᾰ̓γωγός • (agōgós) m or f (neuter ᾰ̓γωγόν); second declension
leading, guiding
(masculine substantive) guide, escort
(with πρός (prós) or ἐπί (epí)) leading to
drawing, attracting
eliciting, evoking

From ᾰ̓́γω (ágō, “I lead”)

Synonyms
τέκνο n (tékno, “offspring, child”)
ανήλικος m (anílikos, “minor”)

παιδάκι n (paidáki, “little child”)
παιδικός (paidikós, “children’s”)
παιδικά n pl (paidiká, “children’s goods, childrenswear”)
παιδιάστικος (paidiástikos, “childish”)
παιδαριώδης (paidariódis, “childish”)
παιδικότητα f (paidikótita, “childishness”)
παιδαρέλι n (paidaréli, “small fry, little one, chit”)
παίδαρος m (paídaros, “lovely child”) (slang)

παιδᾰγωγός • (paidagōgós) m (genitive παιδᾰγωγοῦ); second declension
originally, a slave who accompanied a child to and from school
teacher, tutor
guide, leader

From Ancient Greek παιδαγωγός (“slave with responsibility for a child”).

Noun
παιδαγωγός • (paidagogós) m or f (plural παιδαγωγοί)
(education) educationalist
guide, guru

see: παιδεία f (paideía, “education, instruction”)

Noun
παιδεία • (paideía) f (uncountable)
education (the teaching and training of the child, compare with εκπαίδευση)
Υπουργείο Παιδείας (Ministry of Education)
μουσική παιδεία (musical education)
learning, culture

αδιαπαιδαγώγητος (adiapaidagógitos, “uneducated”)
αντιπαιδαγωγικός (antipaidagogikós, “unpedagogical”, adjective)
απαιδαγωγησία f (apaidagogisía, “illiteracy”)
απαιδαγώγητος (apaidagógitos, “uneducated, ill-bred”, adjective)
απαιδευσία f (apaidefsía, “illiteracy”)
απαίδευτος (apaídeftos, “ignorant, uneducated”, adjective)
εκπαίδευση f (ekpaídefsi, “education, training”)
παιδαγώγηση f (paidagógisi, “erudition, learning”)
παιδαγωγία f (paidagogía, “pedagogy”)
παιδαγωγική f (paidagogikí, “pedagogy”)
παιδαγωγικός (paidagogikós, “pedagogic, pedagogical, educational”, adjective)
παιδαγωγός m or f (paidagogós, “pedagogue, educationist”)
παιδαγωγώ (paidagogó, “to teach”)

Noun
εκπαίδευση • (ekpaídefsi) f (plural εκπαιδεύσεις)
education (compare with παιδεία the teaching and training of the child)
Synonyms: παιδεία (paideía), παιδαγώγηση (paidagógisi), διαπαιδαγώγηση (diapaidagógisi)
instruction
Synonym: αγωγή (agogí)
schooling
Synonym: μόρφωση (mórfosi)
training
drill

Verb
παιδεύω • (paideúō)
To do what teacher do
To be what a teacher is
I raise, bring up a child
I train, teach, educate
I chasten, discipline, punish

Verb
παιδεύω • (paidévo) (past παίδεψα, passive παιδεύομαι)
harass, pester, chasten
torture
(dated) train

From Ancient Greek παιδεύω (paideúō, “raise; train; chasten”).

απαιδευσία f (apaidefsía, “uneducation”), απαιδεψιά f (apaidepsiá) (colloquial)
απαίδευτος (apaídeftos, “uneducated”)
παίδεμα n (paídema, “pestering”)
παιδεμός m (paidemós, “pestering”)
παίδευση f (paídefsi, “training, education”)
παιδευτικός (paideftikós, “educating”)
πεπαιδευμένος (pepaidevménos, “educated”, participle) (formal)
and see: παιδί n (paidí, “child”), εκπαιδεύω (ekpaidévo, “educate”), παιδαγωγώ (paidagogó, “train, educate”)

ἀνᾰπαιδεύω (anapaideúō)
ἀντῐπαιδεύω (antipaideúō)
ἀπαιδευσίᾱ (apaideusíā)
ἀπαίδευτος (apaídeutos)
δῐᾰπαιδεύομαι (diapaideúomai)
ἐκπαιδεύω (ekpaideúō)
ἐμπαιδεύω (empaideúō)
μετᾰπαιδεύω (metapaideúō)
παίδευμᾰ (paídeuma)
παίδευσῐς (paídeusis)
παιδευτέος (paideutéos)
παιδευτήρῐον (paideutḗrion)
παιδευτής (paideutḗs)
παιδευτῐκός (paideutikós)
παιδευτός (paideutós)
πᾰρᾰπαιδεύω (parapaideúō)
προπαιδεύω (propaideúō)
σῠμπαιδεύω (sumpaideúō)

Noun
παίδευσῐς • (paídeusis) f (genitive παιδεύσεως); third declension
education, teaching

From παιδεύω (paideúō, “to teach”) +‎ -σις (-sis).

-σῐς • (-sis) f (genitive -σεως or -σῐος or -σηος); third declension
Added to verb stems to form abstract nouns or nouns of action, result or process

Noun
εὐπαιδευσῐ́ᾱ • (eupaideusíā) f (genitive εὐπαιδευσῐ́ᾱς); first declension
goodness of education, culture or scholarship.

from εὐ- (eu-, good) +‎ παίδευσις (paídeusis, “education”) +‎ -ῐ́ᾱ (-íā)

-ῐ́ᾱ • (-íā) f (genitive -ῐ́ᾱς); first declension
Added to stems of adjectives, rarely to the stems of verbs, and even more rarely to the stems of nouns, to form feminine abstract nouns.

εκπαιδεύω • (ekpaidévo) (past εκπαίδευσα, passive εκπαιδεύομαι, p‑past εκπαιδεύτηκα/εκπαιδεύθηκα, ppp εκπαιδευμένος)
educate, train

εκπαιδευτικός • (ekpaideftikós) m or f (plural εκπαιδευτικοί)
teacher

εκπαιδευτικός • (ekpaideftikós) m (feminine εκπαιδευτική, neuter εκπαιδευτικό)
educational, of education

Synonyms
καθηγητής m (kathigitís, “secondary teacher”)
καθηγήτρια f (kathigítria, “secondary teacher”)
and see: δάσκαλος m or f (dáskalos, “primary teacher, instructor”) for types of teacher

——————————————————————-

Εἰ ζῶμεν Πνεύματι, Πνεύματι καὶ στοιχῶμεν
If we live by the spirit, by the spirit and then we should walk according to the rules.

Two methods of obeying the law.

1. Entangled, enslaved and ensnared by the law by way of necessary inter-co-dependencies, external enforcement and punishment.
2. Bound by the law through self-restraint via testament, promise, oath and vow.
3. Ensnared by false laws, corruption and irrevocable powers of attorney.
4. Bound by consent to true laws, honesty and trustworthy administrators.

———————————————————————-

Question 10

δημαγωγός

Answer 10

DEMAGOGUE

δημαγωγός • (dimagogós) m (plural δημαγωγοί)
demagogue

From δῆμος (dêmos, “people”) +‎ ᾰ̓γωγός (agōgós, “leading, guiding”).

δῆμος • (dêmos) m (genitive δήμου); second declension (Epic, Attic, Ionic, Koine)
district, country, land
the inhabitants of a district or land
the common people
(rare) commoner
free citizens, sovereign people
popular government, democracy
popular assembly
township, commune; deme
name for a prostitute
faction in a circus

δημᾰγωγός • (dēmagōgós) m (genitive δημᾰγωγοῦ); second declension
a popular leader
(in a bad sense) a leader of the mob, an unprincipled, factious orator, demagogue

Verb
δαίομαι • (daíomai)
first-person singular present mediopassive indicative of δαίω (daíō)

Verb
δαίω • (daíō)
(transitive, usually middle) to divide, to share
(transitive) to host (a feast)
(passive) to be torn, to ache

Verb
δαίω • (daíō)
(transitive) to light up, to kindle, to set on fire
(transitive) to burn up
(passive) to burn, to blaze

From the root of δαίω (daíō, “to kindle”)

Noun
δᾰΐς • (daḯs) f (genitive δᾰΐδος); third declension
pinewood
torch

from Proto-Indo-European *deh₂w- (“to burn”)

Adjective
δήμῐος • (dḗmios) m or f (neuter δήμῐον); second declension
public, belonging to the people
(masculine substantive)
public executioner
public physician

Noun
δήμιος • (dímios) m (plural δήμιοι)
executioner
hangman
headsman

From δῆμος (dêmos, “the people”) +‎ -ῐος (-ios, adjective suffix).

Noun
δημῐουργός • (dēmiourgós) m (genitive δημῐουργοῦ); second declension
one who works for the people, a skilled workman, handicraftsman
the maker of the world
(in some Peloponesian states) magistrate

Noun
δημιουργός • (dimiourgós) m or f (plural δημιουργοί)
creator of original works, craftsman, artisan
Demiurge

From δήμῐος (dḗmios, “public”) +‎ -ουργός (-ourgós, “worker”) (for the second element, compare ἔργον (érgon, “labor, work”)).

αδημιούργητος (adimioúrgitos, “not created”)
αναδημιουργία f (anadimiourgía, “recreation”)
αναδημιουργικός (anadimiourgikós, “recreative”)
αναδημιουργώ (anadimiourgó, “recreate”)
αυτοδημιούργητος (aftodimioúrgitos, “self-created”)
αυτοδημιουργούμαι (aftodimiourgoúmai, “self-create”)
δημιούργημα n (dimioúrgima, “creation”)
δημιουργία f (dimiourgía, “creation”)
Δημιουργία f (Dimiourgía, “the Creation”)
δημιουργικός (dimiourgikós, “creative”)
δημιουργικότητα f (dimiourgikótita, “creativity”)
δημιουργημένος (dimiourgiménos, “created, successful”, participle)
δημιουργικά (dimiourgiká, “creatively”)
δημιουργικώς (dimiourgikós, “creatively”)
δημιουργώ (dimiourgó, “create”)
and see: δήμος m (dímos) & έργο n (érgo, “the work”)

Adjective
δημῐόπρᾱτος • (dēmióprātos) m or f (neuter δημῐόπρᾱτον); second declension
confiscated by public authorities and put up for sale.

From δήμιος (dḗmios, “public”) +‎ πρᾱτός (prātós, “for sale”).

Adjective
δημόσῐος • (dēmósios) m (feminine δημοσῐ́ᾱ or δημοσῐ́η, neuter δημόσῐον); first/second declension
belonging to the state or people, public.

Adjective
δημόσιος • (dimósios) m (feminine δημόσια, neuter δημόσιο)
public
δημόσια υγεία ― dimósia ygeía ― public health
δημόσιο συμφέρον ― dimósio symféron ― public interest
δημόσια ζωή ― dimósia zoḯ ― public life
δημόσια εικόνα ― dimósia eikóna ― public image
δημόσια εμφάνιση ― dimósia emfánisi ― public appearance

Adverb
δημοσῐ́ᾳ • (dēmosíāi)
at public expense
by public consent
in public courts

Question 11

προπαίδευσις - προπαιδεύω

Answer 11

PREPARATORY EDUCATION - THRESHOLD KNOWLEDGE

from πρό (“before”) + παιδεύω (“I do as teachers do”) + σις (ab. noun)

From Ancient Greek προπαίδευσις (propaídeusis)

from προπαιδεύω (propaideúō, “I give preparatory instruction”)

English Wikipedia has an article on:
propedeuse
propedeuse (plural not attested)
A diploma obtained after completion of a first year’s (preparatory) study at some European universities.

Propaedeutics or propedeutics (from Ancient Greek προπαίδευσις, propaídeusis, “preparatory education”) is a historical term for an introductory course into an art or science.

The etymology of propedeutics comprises the Latin prefix pro, meaning earlier, rudimentary, or in front of, and the Greek paideutikós, which means “pertaining to teaching”. As implied by the etymology, propaedeutics may be defined more particularly as the knowledge necessary before, or for the learning of, a discipline, but not which is sufficient for proficiency.[1]
In medicine, the terms “propedeutics”/”propedeutic” specifically refers to the preliminary collection of data about a patient by observation, palpation, temperature measurement, etc., without specialized diagnostic procedures.

Threshold knowledge
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Threshold knowledge is a term in the study of higher education used to describe core concepts — or threshold concepts — which, once understood, transform perception of a given subject, phenomenon, or experience.

The term was Introduced by Jan Meyer and Ray Land,[1][2][3][4] Meyer and Land also discuss the related idea of troublesome knowledge, ideas that appear alien or counter-intuitive.

The theory holds that:
… there are certain concepts, or certain learning experiences, which resemble passing through a portal, from which a new perspective opens up, allowing things formerly not perceived to come into view. This permits a new and previously inaccessible way of thinking about something.

It represents a transformed way of understanding, or interpreting, or viewing something, without which the learner cannot progress, and results in a reformulation of the learners’ frame of meaning.

The thresholds approach also emphasises the importance of disciplinary contexts. As a consequence of comprehending a threshold concept there may thus be a transformed internal view of subject matter, subject landscape, or even world view.

Typical examples might be ‘Personhood’ in Philosophy; ‘The Testable Hypothesis’ in Biology; ‘Gravity’ in Physics; ‘Reactive Power’ in Electrical Engineering; ‘Depreciation’ in Accounting; ‘Legal Narrative’ in Law; ‘Geologic Time’ in Geology; ‘Uncertainty’ in Environmental Science; ‘Deconstruction’ in Literature; ‘Limit’ in Mathematics or ‘Object-oriented Programming’ in Computer Science.[2]

Question 12

δάσκαλος

Answer 12

PRIMARY TEACHER

Noun
δάσκαλος • (dáskalos) m (plural δάσκαλοι, feminine δασκάλα)
(education) teacher (especially one in a primary school or elementary school)
(education) instructor
great artist
(figuratively) a person who gives advice

δασκάλα f (daskála, “teacher”)
διδασκάλισσα f (didaskálissa, “teacher”)
εκπαιδευτής m (ekpaideftís, “instructor”)
εκπαιδευτικός c (ekpaideftikós, “teacher”)
εκπαιδεύτρια f (ekpaidéftria, “instructor”)
καθηγητής m (kathigitís, “professor, teacher”)
καθηγήτρια f (kathigítria, “professor, teacher”)
νηπιαγωγός m or f (nipiagogós, “infant school teacher”)
παιδαγωγός c (paidagogós, “educationalist”)

αλληλοδιδασκαλία f (allilodidaskalía, “mutual instruction”)
δασκάλα f (daskála, “teacher”)
δίδαγμα n (dídagma, “lesson”)
διδακτέος (didaktéos, “relating to syllabus and curriculum”)
διδακτικός (didaktikós, “educational”)
διδακτός (didaktós, “teachable”)
διδασκαλείο n (didaskaleío, “college of education”)
διδασκαλία f (didaskalía, “the teaching process, instruction”)
διδασκαλικός m (didaskalikós, “teacher”)
διδασκάλισσα f (didaskálissa, “teacher”)
διδάσκαλος m (didáskalos, “teacher”)
διδάσκω (didásko, “to teach”)
διδαχή f (didachí, “teachings, religious instruction”)

Verb
διδάσκω • (didáskō)
I teach, instruct, train
Synonym: παιδεύω (paideúō)

-σκω • (-skō)
Primitive suffix used to form present-tense stems, very rarely associated with the inchoative meaning of becoming.

From Proto-Indo-European *-sḱéti, inchoative or inceptive suffix.

Proto-Indo-European
Suffix
*(Ø)-sḱéti
Forms durative or iterative imperfective verbs from roots.

διδάσκω • (didáskō)
I teach, instruct, train
Synonym: παιδεύω (paideúō)

From διδάσκω (didáskō, “to teach”).

Noun
διδαχή • (didachí) f (plural διδαχές)
instruction, teaching
lecture

αδίδακτος (adídaktos, “untaught”)
διδακτορία f (didaktoría, “doctorate”)
δίδακτρα n or pl (dídaktra, “tuition fees”)
διδασκαλία f (didaskalía, “teaching”)

Adjective
δῐδᾰσκᾰλῐκός • (didaskalikós) m (feminine δῐδᾰσκᾰλῐκή, neuter δῐδᾰσκᾰλῐκόν); first/second declension
of or for teaching

From δῐδᾰσκᾰλῐ́ᾱ (didaskalíā, “teaching, instruction”) +‎ -ῐκός (-ikós).

-ῐκός • (-ikós) m (feminine -ῐκή, neuter -ῐκόν); first/second declension
Added to noun stems to form adjectives: of or pertaining to, in the manner of; -ic

Noun
δῐδασκᾰλίᾱ • (didaskalíā) f (genitive δῐδασκᾰλίᾱς); first declension
teaching, instruction, education
preparation, rehearsing

διδασκαλία • (didaskalía) f (plural διδασκαλίες)
teaching, tuition, instruction
(by extension) doctrine, teaching

-ῐ́ᾱ • (-íā) f (genitive -ῐ́ᾱς); first declension
Added to stems of adjectives, rarely to the stems of verbs, and even more rarely to the stems of nouns, to form feminine abstract nouns

δασκάλα • (daskála) f (plural δασκάλες, masculine δάσκαλος)
(education) female teacher (especially one in a primary or elementary school)

διδασκάλισσα • (didaskálissa) f (plural διδασκάλισσες, masculine διδάσκαλος)
(education) female teacher

Question 13

καθηγητής

Answer 13

PROFESSOR - SECONDARY EDUCATOR

καθηγητής • (kathigitís) m (plural καθηγητές, feminine καθηγήτρια)
(education) professor, university teacher, lecturer
(education) secondary school/high school teacher, schoolmaster
αναπληρωτής καθηγητής ― anaplirotís kathigitís ― supply teacher
(education) language tutor
(figuratively) expert

γητής
LANDLORD

γῆ • (gê) f (genitive γῆς); first declension
land, earth
country
soil

γαῖα (gaîa, “earth”)
γεωργός (geōrgós, “farmer”)
Ἀνδρόγεως (Andrógeōs)
γεωμετρία (geōmetría)
γεωγραφία (geōgraphía)

EARTH MOTHER
Δημήτηρ
The second half is generally believed to be μήτηρ (mḗtēr, “mother”).
The first element, δᾶ is classically explained as the Attic/Ionic variant of an archaic Doric form of γῆ (gê, “earth”).

Proper noun
Δημήτριος • (Dēmḗtrios) m (genitive Δημητρίου); second declension
A male given name, equivalent to English Demetrius

Question 14

μορφή 
μορφωτικός
όμορφος
Μορφεύς
χαριτωμένος

Answer 14

EDUCATED - FORMED

μορφή, ῆς, ἡ
Part of Speech: Noun, Feminine
Transliteration: morphé
Phonetic Spelling: (mor-fay')
Definition: form, shape
Usage: form, shape, outward appearance.

3444 morphḗ – properly, form (outward expression) that embodies essential (inner) substance so that the form is in complete harmony with the inner essence.

μορφία
The Form, a beauty

Adjective
μορφωτικός • (morfotikós) m (feminine μορφωτική, neuter μορφωτικό)
educational, of education
μορφωτικά βιβλία (“educational books”)
cultural
μορφωτικός σύμβουλος (“cultural attaché”)

μορφή • (morphḗ) f (genitive μορφῆς); first declension
shape, form
appearance
outline
kind, type

αγγελόμορφος (angelómorfos, “angelic”)
μεταμόρφωτος (metamórfotos, “transformed”
αμεταμόρφωτος (ametamórfotos, “untransformed”)
αμορφία f (amorfía, “shapelessness”)
αμορφοποίητος (amorfopoíitos, “unshaped”)
άμορφος (ámorfos, “amorphous, shapeless”)
μεταμορφώνω (metamorfóno, “to transform”)
όμορφος (ómorfos, “beautiful”)

όμορφος • (ómorfos) m (feminine όμορφη, neuter όμορφο)
beautiful, pretty, handsome (especially of objects, pictures etc)

from the Ancient Greek εὔμορφος
from εὖ (good) + μορφή (form).

Synonym 
Adjective
ωραίος • (oraíos) m (feminine ωραία, neuter ωραίο)
good, fine, nice
beautiful, pretty, lovely, handsome

Adjective
ὡραῖος • (hōraîos)
ὡραῖος, produced at the right season (ὥρα), seasonable, timely: esp. of fruits.

χαριτωμένος (charitoménos, “pretty, beautiful”) (especially of girls, children, women, etc)

Adjective
άμορφος • (ámorfos) m (feminine άμορφη, neuter άμορφο)
shapeless, formless, amorphous

αμορφία f (amorfía, “shapelessness”)
compare with: αμορφοποίητος (amorfopoíitos, “unshaped”)
and see: μορφή f (morfí, “shape, form”)

Latin forma
forma f (plural forom)
form, shape
mould

fōrma f (genitive fōrmae); first declension
form; figure, shape, appearance
fine form; beauty
outline, plan, design
model, pattern, stamp, mold
(figurative) manner, kind, sort

from Ancient Greek μορφή (morphḗ, “shape, fashion, appearance, outward form, contour, figure”)

Μορφεύς • (Morpheús) m (genitive Μορφέως); third declension
Morpheus (Greek god)

From μορφή (morphḗ, “shape, form”) +‎ -εύς (-eús).

-εύς • (-eús) m (genitive -έως); third declension
Added to noun or adjective stems to form a masculine noun of the person concerned with a thing
Added to an ancestor’s or place name to form a demonym: -ian
Added to verbal stems to form a masculine agent noun: -er

• εύω (-eúō)
• εῖος (-eîos)
• εῖον (-eîon)

-εύω • (-eúō)
Added to the stems of agent or other nouns in -εύς (-eús) to form a denominative verb of condition or activity: meaning “be x” or “do what x typically does”
‎βᾰσῐλεύς (basileús, “king”) + ‎-εύω (-eúō) → ‎βᾰσῐλεύω (basileúō, “to rule”)
‎ᾰ̔λῐεύς (halieús, “fisherman”) + ‎-εύω (-eúō) → ‎ᾰ̔λῐεύω (halieúō, “to fish”)
Added to other nouns
‎βουλή (boulḗ, “plan”) + ‎-εύω (-eúō) → ‎βουλεύω (bouleúō, “to plan”)
‎παῖς (paîs, “child”) + ‎-εύω (-eúō) → ‎παιδεύω (paideúō, “to teach”)
‎ᾰ̓γορᾱ́ (agorā́, “assembly, marketplace”) + ‎-εύω (-eúō) → ‎ᾰ̓γορεύω (agoreúō, “to talk”)

Suffix
-εῖος • (-eîos) m (feminine -είᾱ, neuter -εῖον); first/second declension
Forms adjectives, usually with a meaning of “of” or “from”.

Suffix
-εῖον • (-eîon) n (genitive -είου); second declension
Forms nouns for instruments or means of action from noun-stems.
Forms nouns of place.

-ῐος • (-ios) m (feminine -ῐ́ᾱ, neuter -ῐον); first/second declension
Suffix added to nouns or adjectives, forming adjectives: pertaining to, belonging to (“of”).

Morpheus
(Greek mythology) The god and personification of dreams; according to the Roman poet Ovid, one of the sons of Somnus, the god of sleep.
Coordinate terms: (nightmares) Phobetor, (inanimate objects in prophetic dreams) Phantasos, (people in prophetic dreams) Ikelos

Borrowed from Latin Morpheus (possibly coined by Ovid in his Metamorphoses as the god is not mentioned in earlier works), from Ancient Greek Μορφεύς (Morpheús), from μορφή (morphḗ, “form, shape”) (alluding to the fact that Morpheus appeared in dreams in the forms of different people) + -εύς (-eús, suffix forming masculine nouns indicating persons concerned with particular things).

Morpheus (‘Fashioner’, derived from the Ancient Greek: μορφή meaning ‘form, shape’)[1] is a god associated with sleep and dreams. In Ovid’s Metamorphoses he is the son of Somnus and appears in dreams in human form. From the medieval period, the name began to stand more generally for the god of dreams, or of sleep.[2]

In Ovid’s Metamorphoses, Morpheus is one of the thousand sons of Somnus (Sleep).[3] His name derives from the Greek word for form (μορφή), and his function was to appear in dreams in human guise. According to Ovid “no other is more skilled than he in representing the gait, the features, and the speech of men; the clothing also and the accustomed words of each he represents.”[4] Like other gods associated with sleep, Ovid makes Morpheus winged.[5]
Ovid called Morpheus and his brothers, the other sons of Somnus, the Somnia (“dream shapes”), saying that they appear in dreams “mimicking many forms”.[6] Ovid gives names to two more of these sons of Sleep. One called Icelos (‘Like’), by the gods, but Phobetor (‘Frightener’) by men, “takes the form of beast or bird or the long serpent”, and Phantasos (‘Fantasy’), who “puts on deceptive shapes of earth, rocks, water, trees, all lifeless things”.[7]
The three brothers’ names are found nowhere earlier than Ovid, and are perhaps Ovidian inventions.[8] Tripp calls these three figures “literary, not mythical concepts”.[9] However, Griffin suggests that this division of dream forms between Morpheus and his brothers, possibly including their names, may have been of Hellenistic origin.[10]

In Roman mythology, Somnus (“sleep”) is the personification of sleep.[1] His Greek counterpart is Hypnos. Somnus resided in the underworld. According to Virgil, Somnus was the brother of Death (Mors),[2] and according to Ovid, Somnus had a ‘thousand’ sons,[3] the Somnia (‘dream shapes’), who appear in dreams ‘mimicking many forms’.[4] Ovid named three of the sons of Somnus: Morpheus, who appears in human guise, Icelos / Phobetor, who appears as beasts, and Phantasos, who appears as inanimate objects.

In the Greek tradition, Hypnos (Sleep) was the brother of Thanatos (Death), and the son of Nyx (Night).[6] According to Hesiod, Sleep, along with Death, live in the underworld,[7] while in the Homeric tradition, although “the land of dreams” was located on the road to the underworld, near the great world-encircling river Oceanus, nearby the city of Cimmerians,[8] Sleep himself lived on the island of Lemnos.

Somnus, and his sons the Somnia appear in Ovid’s poem Metamorphoses.[12] Ovid, like Virgil before him, followed Hesiod in making Sleep a denizen of the underworld.[13] However, recalling the location of the ‘land of dreams’ in the Odyssey, Ovid also locates the dwelling of Somnus “near the land of the Cimmerians”.[14] Ovid has Somnus live in a cave, describing “the home and chamber of sluggish Sleep”[15] as a place where:
Phoebus [the Sun] can never enter … with his rising, noontide, or setting rays. Clouds of vapour breathe forth from the earth, and dusky twilight shadows. There no wakeful, crested cock with his loud crowing summons the dawn; no watch-dog breaks the deep silence with his baying, or goose, more watchful than the dog. There is no sound of wild beast or of cattle, of branches rustling in the breeze, no clamorous tongues of men. There mute silence dwells.[16]
In keeping with this theme of “silence”, Ovid says that Somnus’ house has no doors, “lest some turning hinge should creak”.[17]
Like Virgil, Ovid associates Somnus with the underworld’s river Lethe, which Ovid has flowing from the bottom of Somnus’ cave, and “whose waves, gently murmuring over the gravelly bed, invite to slumber.”[18] Near the entrance bloom sleep-inducing poppies and other herbs, which Nox (Night) uses to spread sleep over “the darkened lands.”[19] Although Ovid connects Night with Sleep, he makes no mention of Night being Sleep’s mother as she is in Hesiod.

In Ovid’s Metamorphoses, Phantasos (‘Fantasy’) is one of the thousand sons of Somnus (Sleep). He appeared in dreams in the form of inanimate objects, putting on “deceptive shapes of earth, rocks, water, trees, all lifeless things”.
According to Ovid, two of his brothers were Morpheus, who appeared in dreams in human form, and one called Icelos (‘Like’), by the gods, but Phobetor (‘Frightener’) by men, who appeared in dreams in the form of beasts.[2] The three brothers’ names are found nowhere earlier than Ovid, and are perhaps Ovidian inventions.[3] Tripp calls these three figures “literary, not mythical concepts”.[4] However Griffin suggests that this division of dream forms between Phantasos and his brothers, possibly including their names, may have been of Hellenistic origin.

Question 15

επίτροπος
ἐπιτρόπους
ἐπιτρέπω

Answer 15

GUARDIAN

ATTORNEY - TUTOR - SLAVE - SERVANT TEACHER
ἐπί (upon, above) + τρέπω (turn)
From επί (above, superior) + τροπος (turn “over to”)

επίτροπος m (“guardian, trustee”)

Greek NT: Galatians Chapter 4

1 λέγω δέ, ἐφ᾽ ὅσον χρόνον ὁ κληρονόμος νήπιός ἐστιν, οὐδὲν διαφέρει δούλου κύριος πάντων ὤν,

2 ἀλλὰ ὑπὸ ἐπιτρόπους ἐστὶν καὶ οἰκονόμους ἄχρι τῆς προθεσμίας τοῦ πατρός.

3 οὕτως καὶ ἡμεῖς, ὅτε ἦμεν νήπιοι, ὑπὸ τὰ στοιχεῖα τοῦ κόσμου ἤμεθα δεδουλωμένοι·

https: //biblehub.com/interlinear/galatians/4.htm
https: //www.sacred-texts.com/bib/gnt/gal004.htm

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ἐπίτροπος, ου, ὁ
Part of Speech: Noun, Masculine
Transliteration: epitropos
Phonetic Spelling: (ep-it’-rop-os)
Definition: an administrator (one having authority)
Usage: (a) (procurator) a steward, (b) (tutor) a guardian (appointed for an infant [under 14 perhaps] by the father or by a magistrate).

an administrator (one having authority)

ἐπιτρέπω
Part of Speech: Verb
Transliteration: epitrepó
Phonetic Spelling: (ep-ee-trep’-o)
Definition: to turn to, entrust, to permit
Usage: I turn to, commit, entrust; I allow, yield, permit.

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ἐπί
Part of Speech: Preposition
Transliteration: epi
Phonetic Spelling: (ep-ee')
Definition: on, upon
Usage: on, to, against, on the basis of, at.
HELPS Word-studies
1909 epí (a preposition) – properly, on (upon), implying what "fits" given the "apt contact," building on the verbal idea. 1909 /epí ("upon") naturally looks to the response (effect) that goes with the envisioned contact, i.e. its apt result ("spin-offs," effects). The precise nuance of 1909 (epí) is only determined by the context, and by the grammatical case following it – i.e. genitive, dative, or accusative case.

above, after, against, among, as long as
A primary preposition; properly, meaning superimposition (of time, place, order, etc.), as a relation of distribution (with the genitive case), i.e. Over, upon, etc.; of rest (with the dative case) at, on, etc.; of direction (with the accusative case) towards, upon, etc. – about (the times), above, after, against, among, as long as (touching), at, beside, X have charge of, (be-, (where-))fore, in (a place, as much as, the time of, -to), (because) of, (up-)on (behalf of), over, (by, for) the space of, through(-out), (un-)to(-ward), with. In compounds it retains essentially the same import, at, upon, etc. (literally or figuratively).

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τροπή, ῆς, ἡ
Part of Speech: Noun, Feminine
Transliteration: tropé
Phonetic Spelling: (trop-ay')
Definition: a turning
Usage: a turning, change, mutation.

from trepó (to turn)

Verb
τρέπω • (trépō)
I turn

As in “Attorney”

Verb
ἐπιτρέπω • (epitrépō)
to entrust, leave (something to someone), turn over (to someone)
to permit, allow

επιτρέπω • (epitrépo) (past επέτρεψα, passive επιτρέπομαι)
allow, permit
enable, let
(impersonal) επιτρέπεται: it is allowed

ανεπίτρεπτος (anepítreptos, “inadmissible”)
επιτετραμμένος m (epitetramménos, “chargé d’affaires”)
επιτρεπτικός (epitreptikós, “permissive”)
επιτρεπτός (epitreptós, “allowed”, adjective)
επιτροπεία f (epitropeía, “guardianship, trusteeship”)
επιτροπεύω (epitropévo, “to be trustee”)
επιτροπή f (epitropí, “committee”)
επίτροπος m (epítropos, “guardian, trustee”)
and see: τρέπω (trépo, “turn, divert”)

Noun
επιτροπή • (epitropí) f (plural επιτροπές)
panel, committee
commission
Ευρωπαϊκή Επιτροπή ― Evropaïkí Epitropí ― European Commission

Verb
τρέπω • (trépo) (past έτρεψα, passive τρέπομαι)
divert, convert
τρέπομαι σε φυγή ― trépomai se fygí ― Ι flee, run away
τράπηκε σε φυγή ― trápike se fygí ― S/he fled
ετράπη εις φυγήν (in ancient fashion) ― etrápi eis fygín ― S/he fled
turn, veer

ανατρέπω (anatrépo, “to thwart, to overturn”)
αποτρέπω (apotrépo, “to avert, to dissuade”)
παρεκτρέπομαι (parektrépomai, “to misbehave”)
μετατρέπω (metatrépo, “to transform, to convert”)
επιτρέπω (epitrépo, “to allow”)
προτρέπω (protrépo, “to incite, to encourage”)

τροπή • (tropḗ) f (genitive τροπῆς); first declension
a turning
turning away the enemy, a rout
solstice
trope

ανατρέπω (anatrépo, “to thwart, to overturn”)
αποτρέπω (apotrépo, “to avert, to dissuade”)
παρεκτρέπομαι (parektrépomai, “to misbehave”)
μετατρέπω (metatrépo, “to transform, to convert”)
επιτρέπω (epitrépo, “to allow”)
προτρέπω (protrépo, “to incite, to encourage”)

Verb
ᾰ̓ποτρέπω • (apotrépō)
(transitive) I (cause to) turn away or turn back; turn aside; ward off; keep away
(transitive) I (cause to) divert; deter or dissuade; stave off, avert; prevent, halt from happening
(middle, passive, reflexive) I turn away from; avert my gaze; cease to pay heed
(middle, passive, reflexive) I turn a deaf ear, deflect, shun, avoid
(middle, passive, reflexive) I stop, cease, desist from doing something
(middle, passive, intransitive) I turn back, return; desert from a party

Noun
ᾰ̓ποτροπή • (apotropḗ) f (genitive ᾰ̓ποτροπῆς); first declension
deterrence, dissuasion
prevention

Verb
μετατρέπω • (metatrépo) (past μετέτρεψα, passive μετατρέπομαι)
convert, change into

μετατρέψιμος (metatrépsimos, “possible to be changed”)
μετατρεψιμότητα f (metatrepsimótita, “improper”)
μετατροπέας m (metatropéas, “inverter”)
μετατροπή f (metatropí, “change”)

From μετα- (“post-, after”) +‎ τρέπω (“turn”).

Verb
παρεκτρέπω • (parektrépo) (past παρεξέτρεψα, passive παρεκτρέπομαι)
lead astray, swerve aside
(in the passive) παρεκτρέπομαι to go astray, exceed the bounds, behave improperly

Verb
εκτρέπω • (ektrépo) (past εξέτρεψα, passive εκτρέπομαι)
deflect, divert
lead astray, swerve

εκτραπείς (ektrapeís, “diverted”, participle) (learned), εκτραπείσα (ektrapeísa), εκτραπέν (ektrapén)
εκτρεπόμενος (ektrepómenos, “diverting”, participle)
Related terms[edit]
έκτροπα n pl (éktropa)
εκτροπή f (ektropí, “deviation”)
έκτροπος (éktropos, “improper”)
παρεκτροπή f (parektropí, “deviation; aberration”)
παρεκτρέπω (parektrépo)
and see: τρέπω (trépo, “turn”)

προτρέπω • (protrépo) (past προέτρεψα/πρότρεψα, passive προτρέπομαι)
urge

προτρεπτικός (protreptikós, “exhortative”)
προτροπή f (protropí, “exhortation”)

Verb
ανατρέπω • (anatrépo) (past ανέτρεψα, passive ανατρέπομαι)
defeat, thwart
overrule, overturn
overturn, capsize
refute

Related terms
ανατραπείς (anatrapeís, “overturned”, participle, learned)
ανατραπείσα (anatrapeísa, “overturned”)
ανατραπέν (anatrapén, “overturned”)
ανατρεπόμενο n (anatrepómeno, “dumper truck”)
ανατρεπόμενος (anatrepómenos, “tipping”, participle)

Related terms
αναπότρεπτος (anapótreptos, “not possible to be overturned”)
ανατρεπτικός (anatreptikós, “subversive; annulling”, adjective)
ανατρέψιμος (anatrépsimos, “possible to be overturned”)
ανατροπέας m (anatropéas, “tipping equipment”)
ανατροπή f (anatropí, “overturn, upsetting”, noun)
αποτρέπω (apotrépo, “avert”)
*and see: τρέπω (trépo, “turn”)

Question 16

οἰκονόμος

Answer 16

TRUSTEE

ADMINISTRATOR - HOUSEHOLD MANAGER
From οἶκος (“house, home, estate”) + νόμος (“law, rule, authority”).

Noun
οἰκονόμος • (oikonómos) m (genitive οἰκονόμου); second declension
one who manages a household, the master of the house
a steward of an estate
a manager, administrator
superintendent of the public finances, the treasurer of a city
(biblical, Christianity) the apostles and other Christian teachers and bishops and overseers

οἰκονόμος, ου, ὁ
Part of Speech: Noun, Masculine
Transliteration: oikonomos
Phonetic Spelling: (oy-kon-om'-os)
Definition: the manager of a household
Usage: a household manager, a steward, guardian.

Cognate: 3623 oikonómos (from 3624 /oíkos, “house, household” and nemō, “to allot, apportion”) – properly, a steward (literally, “household-manager”). See 3622 (oikonomia).

[3623 /oikonómos (“manager”) often functioned as the “steward” of a household, and was generally a freedman – i.e. a slave released from forced, legal servitude (J. Thayer).]

from oikos and nemó (to manage)

οἶκος, ου, ὁ
Part of Speech: Noun, Masculine
Transliteration: oikos
Phonetic Spelling: (oy'-kos)
Definition: a house, a dwelling
Usage: (a) a house, the material building, (b) a household, family, lineage, nation.

Noun
νόμος • (nómos) m (genitive νόμου); second declension
usage, custom
law, ordinance
melody, strain
(music) ancient type of song
kind of coin
course of masonry

From νέμω (némō, “I distribute”)

Verb
νέμω • (némō)
to deal out, distribute, dispense
(of herdsmen), to pasture or graze their flocks, drive to pasture, tend.

Noun
νέμος • (némos) n (genitive νέμους or νέμεος); third declension
wooded pasture, glade

Noun
nemus n (genitive nemoris); third declension
A grove or a glade.
a pasture
(poetic) wood
(poetic) a tree

From νέμος (némos), i.e. the wooded district.

Proper noun
Νεμέᾱ • (Neméā) f (genitive Νεμέᾱς); first declension
Nemea

Proto-Indo-European
Etymology
Possibly related to *h₁em- (“to take, to distribute”).
Root
*nem-
to distribute
to give, to take

Ancient Greek: νομή (nomḗ, “pasture”)
Ancient Greek: νομός (nomós, “pasture, habitation, province”)N
Sanskrit: नम (náma, “pasture-ground”)

Noun
νομή • (nomḗ) f (genitive νομῆς); first declension
pasturage
division, distribution

Noun
νομός • (nomós) m (genitive νομοῦ); second declension
pasture, field
herbage, food
division, distribution
dwelling, residence
district, region, province (particularly of Egypt), satrapy

Etymology
νομός (nomós, “nome”) +‎ -άρχης (-árchis, “leader”)
Noun
νομάρχης • (nomárchis) m (plural νομάρχες)
nomarch, department governor
Declension
declension of νομάρχης
Related terms[edit]
νομός m (nomós, “nome, department”)

Noun
νομός • (nomós) m (plural νομοί)
nome, department, county, prefecture.

O νομός Λακωνίας είναι ο νοτιότερος νομός της Πελοποννήσου.
O nomós Lakonías eínai o notióteros nomós tis Peloponnísou.
Laconia prefecture is the southernmost prefecture of the Peloponnese.

Synonyms
νομαρχία f (nomarchía, “nomarch”)
Related terms
νομάρχης m or f (nomárchis, “governor of nome, nomarch”)
νομάρχισσα f (nomárchissa, “governor of nome, nomarch”)
νομαρχιακός (nomarchiakós, “nome”)

A subdivision of a περιφέρεια (periféreia, “periphery”)
each νομός (nomós, “nome”) is divided into επαρχίες (eparchíes, “eparchies”).

Noun
επαρχία • (eparchía) f (plural επαρχίες)
province
eparchy, an administrative area in Greece; hundred.
a bishop’s province
collectively, the provinces; any region away from the capital.

επαρχιακός (eparchiakós, “provincial”)
επαρχιώτης m (eparchiótis, “naive person, provincial”)
επαρχιώτικος (eparchiótikos, “provincial”)
επαρχιώτισσα f (eparchiótissa, “naive person, provincial”)
έπαρχος m (éparchos, “eparch”)

prefecture (plural prefectures)
The office or position of a prefect.
The jurisdiction of a prefect; the region administered by a prefect, especially as a translation of certain French, Chinese, and Japanese administrative divisions.

Noun
περιφέρεια • (periféreia) f (plural περιφέρειες)
(geometry) circumference
region, territory
periphery, region an administrative unit of a state.
waistline

Synonyms
(region, territory) περιοχή (periochí)
Coordinate terms[edit]
περίμετρος f (perímetros) (perimeter)
περιμετρικός f (perimetrikós) (peripheral)
διάμετρος f (diámetros) (diameter)
ακτίνα f (aktína) (radius)

Noun
περιοχή • (periochí) f (plural περιοχές)
(geography) region, district, area
domain

περῐοχή • (periokhḗ) f (genitive περῐοχῆς); first declension (Koine)
compass, circumference
(Koine, in general) compass, extent
content of a definition
summary, periochae
portion circumscribed or marked off, section of a book
(botany) pod, husk, shell
fence, fortification

From περιέχω (periékhō) +‎ -ή (-ḗ).

Verb
περιέχω • (periékhō)
to embrace, to surround, to encompass.

From περι- (peri-, around) +‎ ἔχω (ékhō, “to hold”).

district (plural districts)
An administrative division of an area.
the Soho district of London
An area or region marked by some distinguishing feature.
the Lake District in Cumbria
(Britain) An administrative division of a county without the status of a borough.

district
Etymology
From French district, from Medieval Latin districtus (“a district within which the lord may distrain, also jurisdiction”), from Latin districtus, past participle of distringere (“to draw asunder, compel, distrain”), from dis- (“apart”) +‎ stringere (“to draw tight, strain”).

eparchy (plural eparchies)
one of the districts of the Roman Empire at the third echelon
one of the administrative sub-provincial units of post-Ottoman independent Greece
in pre-schism Christian Church, name for a province under the supervision of the metropolitan
in Eastern Christendom, diocese of a bishop

Etymology
Originally referring to a district governed by an ἔπαρχος (éparkhos, “commander”)
from ἐπι- (epi-, “on, upon”) +‎ ἀρχός (arkhós, “ruler”)

ἐπαρχίᾱ • (eparkhíā) f (genitive ἐπαρχίᾱς); second declension (Koine)
eparchy, province, the provincial government of an administrative district
provincial government territorial jurisdictions specifically of the Greek-speaking eastern Roman Empire and Byzantine Empire, equivalent to Latin prōvincia

Noun
ἔπαρχος • (éparkhos) m (genitive ἐπάρχου); second declension
commander, governor of a country, prefect.

From ἐπι- (epi-, “on, upon”) +‎ ἀρχός (arkhós, “ruler”).

ἐπαρχεία (eparkheía)
ἐπαρχεῖον (eparkheîon)
ἐπαρχέω (eparkhéō)
ἐπαρχή (eparkhḗ)
ἐπαρχία (eparkhía)
ἐπαρχικός (eparkhikós)
ἐπαρχιώτης (eparkhiṓtēs)
ἐπαρχότης (eparkhótēs)
ἐπάρχω (epárkhō)

Noun
ἀρχός • (arkhós) m (genitive ἀρχοῦ); second declension
ruler, leader, prince
See ἄρχω (árkhō, “I begin, I am first, I rule”).

Noun
ναύᾰρχος • (naúarkhos) m (genitive ναυᾰ́ρχου); second declension
commander of a fleet, admiral
(in Sparta) admiral in chief.

ναύαρχος • (návarchos) m or f (plural ναύαρχοι)

(nautical) admiral in the Royal Navy and in the US navy, a rank with the NATO grade OF-9
Synonym: (abbreviation) νχος (nchos)

ναῦς • (naûs) f (genitive νεώς); third declension
a ship

From ναῦς (naûs, “ship”) +‎ ἀρχός (arkhós, “ruler”).

From ναῦς (naûs, “ship”) +‎ -ία (-ía).
Noun
ναυσία • (nausía) f (genitive ναυσίας); first declension
nausea, seasickness

ναύτης • (naútēs) m (genitive ναύτου); first declension (Epic, Attic)
sailor, seaman
companion at sea

Synonyms
ναυτικός m (naftikós, “sailor, seaman, mariner”)

Related terms
ναυτία f (naftía, “sea-sickness”)
ναυτιλία f (naftilía, “merchant navy”)
ναυτιλιακός f (naftiliakós, “shipping”)
ναυτικό n (naftikó, “navy”)
ναύκληρος m (náfkliros, “bosun”)
ναύαρχος m (návarchos, “admiral”)

Adjective
ναυτῐκός • (nautikós) m (feminine ναυτῐκή, neuter ναυτῐκόν); first/second declension
seafaring, naval, on the sea
skilled in seamanship

ναυτῐ́λος • (nautílos) m (genitive ναυτῐ́λου); second declension
(poetic) seaman, sailor
Synonym: ναύτης (naútēs)
paper nautilus (Argonauta argo)

Etymology
From Ancient Greek ναύτης (naútēs, “sailor”), ναῦς (naûs, “ship”)
Noun
ναυτία • (naftía) f (plural ναυτίες)
nausea, seasickness, motion sickness
disgust

See also
αναγουλιάζω (anagouliázo, “to nauseate”)
ναύτης m (náftis, “sailor”)
ασθένεια f (asthéneia, “sickness, illness”)

archeparchy (plural archeparchies)
(Eastern Orthodoxy) The archdiocese of an archbishop in Eastern Christendom.

archeparchate (plural archeparchates)
(Eastern Orthodoxy) An archeparchy, or archdiocese of a archbishop.

επαρχιακός (eparchiakós, “provincial”)
επαρχιώτης m (eparchiótis, “naive person, provincial”)
επαρχιώτικος (eparchiótikos, “provincial”)
επαρχιώτισσα f (eparchiótissa, “naive person, provincial”)
έπαρχος m (éparchos, “eparch”)

prōvincia f (genitive prōvinciae); first declension
province, office, duty, command
Provinciam remitto.
I abandon my province.

Equivalent to Proto-Indo-European *per- (“to go over”) and vincio (“I bind, tie up, fetter”).

Verb
vinciō (present infinitive vincīre, perfect active vīnxī, supine vīnctum); fourth conjugation
I bind, tie up, fetter.
I lace, fasten.
I surround, guard.

Verb
εἴκω • (eíkō)
to yield, give way
From Proto-Indo-European *weyk- (“to curve, bend; exchange”)

Coordinate terms
περίμετρος f (perímetros) (perimeter)
περιμετρικός f (perimetrikós) (peripheral)
διάμετρος f (diámetros) (diameter)
ακτίνα f (aktína) (radius)

επαρχιακός (eparchiakós, “provincial”)
επαρχιώτης m (eparchiótis, “naive person, provincial”)
επαρχιώτικος (eparchiótikos, “provincial”)
επαρχιώτισσα f (eparchiótissa, “naive person, provincial”)
έπαρχος m (éparchos, “eparch”)

Synonyms
νομαρχία f (nomarchía, “nomarch”)
Related terms
νομάρχης m or f (nomárchis, “governor of nome, nomarch”)
νομάρχισσα f (nomárchissa, “governor of nome, nomarch”)
νομαρχιακός (nomarchiakós, “nome”)

νομᾰ́ς • (nomás) m or f (genitive νομᾰ́δος); third declension
roaming about for pasture, pastoral tribes
(figuratively) prostitute
Numidian

Εὐρῠνομός
A male given name
Broad pasture
Εὐρῠνόμη • (Eurunómē) f (genitive Εὐρῠνόμης); first declension
Eurynome, any of a number of figures in Greek mythology
A female given name
From εὐρύς (eurús, “broad”) +‎ νομός (nomós, “pasture”), thus “having broad pastures”.

Adjective
εὐρῠ́ς • (eurús) m (feminine εὐρεῖᾰ, neuter εὐρῠ́); first/third declension
wide, broad, spacious, especially of heaven, earth, and sea

Pronunciation
IPA(key): /eu̯.rýs/ → /eˈβrys/ → /eˈvris/

From Proto-Indo-European *h₁wérus (“wide”).

Compare Sanskrit उरु (uru, “wide, large, spacious”) and
Avestan 𐬬𐬊𐬎𐬭𐬎‎ (vouru, “wide”)

Question 17

φᾰ́ντᾰσμᾰ

Answer 17

PHANTOM

Noun
φᾰ́ντᾰσμᾰ • (phántasma) n (genitive φᾰντᾰ́σμᾰτος); third declension
phantom, apparition, ghost
vision, dream
(in the plural) phenomena
fantasy

-μᾰ • (-ma) n (genitive -μᾰτος); third declension
Added to verbal stems to form neuter nouns denoting the result or effect of an action, a particular instance of an action, or the object of an action
γράφω (gráphō, “write”) → γράμμα (grámma, “that which is written, letter”)
σχίζω (skhízō, “divide”) → σχίσμα (skhísma, “that which is divided”)
ἀθλέω (athléō, “compete”) → ἄθλημα (áthlēma, “contest”)
ἀθύρω (athúrō, “play”) → ἄθυρμα (áthurma, “toy”)
νοέω (noéō, “think”) → νόημα (nóēma, “thought”)
ποιέω (poiéō, “make”) → ποίημα (poíēma, “poem, or in general something made”)
δέρω (dérō, “flay, skin”) → δέρμα (dérma, “skin”)
τέμνω (témnō, “cut”) → τμῆμα (tmêma, “section”)
σπείρω (speírō, “sow”) → σπέρμα (spérma, “that which is sown, seed”)
βδελύττομαι (bdelúttomai, “to feel nausea, to be sick”) → βδέλυγμα (bdélugma, “abomination”)
ἐκπῑ́νω (ekpī́nō, “drink out”) → ἔκπωμα (ékpōma, “drinking-cup”)
θεωρέω (theōréō, “observe”) → θεώρημα (theṓrēma, “observation, theorem”)

-μα • (-ma) n
added to a verb form to create gerund and action nouns:
‎καπνίζω (kapnízo, “to smoke”) + ‎-μα (-ma) → ‎κάπνισμα (kápnisma, “smoking”)
‎ζεσταίνω (zestaíno, “to heat up”) + ‎-μα (-ma) → ‎ζέσταμα (zéstama, “warming up”)
‎τελειώνω (teleióno, “to end”) + ‎-μα (-ma) → ‎τελείωμα (teleíoma, “ending”)
‎ανοίγω (anoígo, “to open”) + ‎-μα (-ma) → ‎άνοιγμα (ánoigma, “opening”)

φᾰντᾰσῐ́ᾱ • (phantasíā) f (genitive φᾰντᾰσῐ́ᾱς); first declension
look, appearance, presentation, display
showy appearance, pomp, pageantry
perception, impression
image

-ῐ́ᾱ • (-íā) f (genitive -ῐ́ᾱς); first declension
Added to stems of adjectives, rarely to the stems of verbs, and even more rarely to the stems of nouns, to form feminine abstract nouns

-ία • (-ía) f
added to an adjective to create a noun denoting a country:
‎Γάλλος (Gállos, “French”) + ‎-ία (-ía) → ‎Γαλλία (Gallía, “France”)
‎Τούρκος (Toúrkos, “Turk”) + ‎-ία (-ía) → ‎Τουρκία (Tourkía, “Turkey”)
‎Άγγλος (Ánglos, “English”) + ‎-ία (-ía) → ‎Αγγλία (Anglía, “England”)

Noun
φαντασίωση • (fantasíosi) f (plural φαντασιώσεις)
imagination
daydream
make-believe
whim-wham

ἀφᾰντᾰσίαστος (aphantasíastos, “not manifested”)
ἀφᾰντᾰσίωτος (aphantasíōtos, “unable to imagine”)
ἀφᾰ́ντᾰστος (aphántastos, “without imagination”)
εὐφᾰντᾰσίωτος (euphantasíōtos, “gifted with a vivid imagination”)
εὐφᾰ́ντᾰστος (euphántastos, “imaginative”)

φᾰντᾰσῐ́ᾱ • (phantasíā) f (genitive φᾰντᾰσῐ́ᾱς); first declension
look, appearance, presentation, display
showy appearance, pomp, pageantry
perception, impression
image

From φᾰ́ντᾰσῐς (phántasis) +‎ -ῐ́ᾱ (-íā)
from φᾰντᾰ́ζω (phantázō, “I make visible”)
from φαίνω (phaínō, “I shine”).

Suffix
-ῐ́ᾱ • (-íā) f (genitive -ῐ́ᾱς); first declension
Added to stems of adjectives, rarely to the stems of verbs, and even more rarely to the stems of nouns, to form feminine abstract nouns

Question 18

πᾰρᾰ́δειγμᾰ

Answer 18

PARADIGM

From παρα- (“beside, near”) +‎ δείκνυμι (“to show”)

πᾰρᾰ́δειγμᾰ • (parádeigma) n (genitive πᾰρᾰδείγμᾰτος); third declension
pattern, model, plan, paradigm
precedent, example
lesson, warning
argument, proof from example
foil, contrast
(grammar) paradigm

πᾰρᾰδείκνῡμῐ • (paradeíknūmi)
to hold up to viewing, exhibit, point out
to set as an example or model
to compare
to demonstrate

From παρα- (para-, “beside, near”) +‎ δείκνυμι (deíknumi, “to show”).

Verb
δείκνῡμῐ • (deíknūmi)
I show, point out [+dative = to someone]
I bring to light, display, portray, represent
I make known, explain, teach, prove.

From Proto-Indo-European *deyḱ- (“to show, point out”) +‎ -νῡμῐ (-nūmi), from Proto-Indo-European *-néwti. Cognates include Latin dīcō, Sanskrit दिशति (diśáti) and Old English tǣċan (English teach).

Suffix
-νῡμῐ • (-nūmi)
A suffix forming transitive verbs

Question 19

αίρεση

Answer 19

HERESY

Do not confuse with αἴρω (“to lift, raise”)
contracted form of verb ἀείρω (aeírō).

Heresy is any belief or theory that is strongly at variance with established beliefs or customs, in particular the accepted beliefs of a church or religious organization. The term is usually used in reference to violations of important religious teachings, but is also used of views strongly opposed to any generally accepted ideas. A heretic is a proponent of heresy.

Derived from Ancient Greek haíresis (αἵρεσις), the English heresy originally meant “choice” or “thing chosen”.[6] However, it came to mean the “party, or school, of a man’s choice”,[7] and also referred to that process whereby a young person would examine various philosophies to determine how to live.

The Catholic Church makes a distinction between ‘material’ and ‘formal’ heresy. Material heresy means in effect “holding erroneous doctrines through no fault of one’s own” as occurs with people brought up in non-Catholic communities and “is neither a crime nor a sin” since the individual has never accepted the doctrine. Formal heresy is “the wilful and persistent adherence to an error in matters of faith” on the part of a baptised member of the Catholic Church. As such it is a grave sin and involves ipso facto excommunication. Here “matters of faith” means dogmas which have been proposed by the infallible magisterium of the Church and, in addition to this intellectual error, “pertinacity in the will” in maintaining it in opposition to the teaching of the Church must be present.

https: //en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_heresies_in_the_Catholic_Church
https: //en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heresy_in_Christianity

αἱρεσιάρχης
In Christian theology, a heresiarch (also hæresiarch, according to the Oxford English Dictionary; from Greek: αἱρεσιάρχης, hairesiárkhēs via the late Latin haeresiarcha[1]) or arch-heretic, is an originator of heretical doctrine, or the founder of a sect that sustains such a doctrine.

αἵρεσις
Noun
αἵρεσῐς • (haíresis) f (genitive αἱρέσεως or αἱρέσῐος); third declension
taking, receiving
a choice, selection
a purpose
a system of principles
(philosophy, religion) a school of thought, sect
(Christianity, Koine) a heresy

αἱρέσῐᾰ • (hairésia) n (genitive αἱρεσῐ́ων); second declension
(plural only) dues paid on discharge of cargoes

αἱρεσιώτης • (hairesiṓtēs) m (genitive αἱρεσιώτου); first declension
a member of a sect
heretic

From αἵρεσις (haíresis, “sect”) +‎ -ώτης (-ṓtēs, suffix for person concerned).

heretic (plural heretics)
Someone who believes contrary to the fundamental tenets of a religion they claim to belong to.
Someone who does not conform to generally accepted beliefs or practices

from Proto-Indo-European *ser- (“to take, grasp”). The aorist stem is from the synonymous *selh₁-, which is also the source of English sell.

αίρεση • (aíresi) f (plural αιρέσεις)

(religion) heresy
(implicitly) sect, a sect’s followers

heresy female
separation - differentiation from primary - primary - maternal dogma
the Roman Catholic Church tolerates orders at the border of heresy
the religious doctrine that differs from the official religion and has been condemned as the opposite
Christian / Muslim / Gnostic / anti-Trinitarian sect
a set of ideas or opinions that subvert or deviate from those considered correct or established in a field
philosophical / ideological / political / artistic sect
( consecutively ) the followers of a sect, the heretics
the choice
the act of Antigone depends primarily on personal sect of
( legal ) term of the legal act , which determines the positive or negative results of a future and objectively uncertain event
procrastination / dissolution heresy
right to vote
restriction
[…] the German state acquired full legal sovereignty after reunification, the early 1990s Regarding political sovereignty, that exercise capacity (political) legalized foreign policy continues to be under the contingent political criteria and under the Damocles sword of “anti-German rall

Verb
αἱρέω • (hairéō) uncontracted form of αἱρῶ (hairô, “to hang”)
(transitive) to take, grasp, seize
(transitive) to win, gain
(transitive) to convict, win a conviction
(figuratively, transitive) to grasp with the mind, understand
(middle, transitive) to take for oneself, choose, select
(middle, transitive) to prefer

αἱρέω
Part of Speech: Verb
Transliteration: haireó
Phonetic Spelling: (hahee-reh'-om-ahee)
Definition: to take, choose
Usage: I choose, prefer.
138 hairéomai (a primitive verb, always in the Greek middle voice) – properly, lay hold of by a personal choice.
[The Greek middle voice emphasizes the self-interest of the one preferring (deciding) to grasp or take.]

from Ancient Greek αἱρετικός (hairetikós, “able to choose, factious”), itself from Ancient Greek αἱρέω (hairéō, “I choose”)

heretic (plural heretics)
heretic
(literary style) A poet who claims to have no religion, or to disdain one.
He’s as puir as the heretic baird.

ἀφαιρέω • (aphairéō)
to take away [+accusative = something] [+genitive or dative = from someone]; or [+genitive = something] [+accusative = something]
(mathematics) to subtract
(middle)
to deprive of [+accusative = something]
to prevent someone [+infinitive = from doing]
with εἰς ἐλευθερίᾱν (eis eleutheríān): to free someone
(passive) to be robbed; to have something taken, to be deprived of [+accusative = something]

ἐξαιρέω • (exairéō)
to take out
to pick out, choose, select
to pluck out, draw out, root out
to except
to expel
to remove
to take away
to set free, deliver, rescue
to annul, demolish
to bring to an end, accomplish

κᾰθαιρέω • (kathairéō)
to demolish, destroy
to seize
to achieve

———————————————————-

προαίρεσῐς • (proaíresis) f (genitive προαιρέσεως); third declension
a choice, preference
an end, a goal, a purpose, a resolution

ἀφαίρεσῐς • (aphaíresis) f (genitive ἀφαιρέσεως); third declension
Taking away, carrying off, removal; putting off.
(law) Assertion of freedom of a reputed slave.
Amputation.
(logic) Abstraction; mathematics.
(grammar) Removal of initial letters.

From ἀφαιρέω (aphairéō, “I take away”) +‎ -σις (-sis, nominal suffix), from ἀφ’ (aph’, apocopic form of ἀπό (apó, “from”)) +‎ αἱρέω (hairéō, “I take”).

—————————————————————
DO NOT CONFUSE WITH

αἴρω • (aírō) (Attic)
Contracted form of ἀείρω (aeírō, “to lift, remove”)

Verb
ἀείρω • (aeírō) (Epic, Ionic, poetic)
(transitive) to lift up, raise, support
(of armies, ships, transitive) to get the fleet under sail
(transitive) to bear, sustain
(transitive) to raise up, exalt
(transitive) to raise by words, praise, extol
(transitive) to lift and take away, remove
(transitive, with genitive) to take away from
(Koine, transitive) to take off, kill
(middle, transitive) to take up for oneself, to win, gain
(transitive) to take upon oneself, undergo
(transitive) to undertake, begin
(transitive) to raise up
(transitive) to take away
(passive, intransitive) to hang

σῠναίρεσῐς • (sunaíresis) f (genitive σῠναιρέσεως); third declension
taking or drawing together; contraction, closing
contraction of front; shortening, reduction of an estimated distance
aggregation; synthesis; concentration; generalization
(in grammar): synaeresis of two adjacent vowels within one word into a diphthong or a macron vowel.
(properly) synaeresis, whereby two vowels are not changed, but coalesce into a diphthong, as ὀϊστός, οἰστός
(but also) contraction, as of κύημα to κῦμα

δῐαίρεσῐς • (diaíresis) f (genitive δῐαιρέσεως); third declension
divisibility
(medicine) dissection
(medicine) venesection
(medicine) surgical operation
(medicine, in the plural) wounds
division, distribution
distinction
(logic) division into logical genus and species (γένος (génos) and εἶδος (eîdos))
(logic) separation of the subject and predicate
(logic) the fallacy of division
(rhetoric) division or distribution of an argument into its component subjects or subtopics (known formerly as “heads”)
(grammar) the resolution of a diphthong into two syllables, diaeresis
(grammar) the resolution of one word into two
(poetry) division of a poetic line when the end of a word and a metrical foot coincide, diaeresis
(mathematics) transformation of a dividend yield
(military) division of troops in the Roman cohort
(music) division or separation between sounds, interval.

From διαιρέω (diairéō, “take apart, cleave, divide”) +‎ -σις (-sis), from διά- (diá-, “apart”) +‎ αἱρέω (hairéō, “take, grasp”)

Antonyms
(division): σῠναίρεσῐς (sunaíresis)
(division into logical genus and species): σῠνᾰγωγή (sunagōgḗ)
(division of subject and predicate): σῠ́νθεσῐς (súnthesis)
(fallacy of division): σῠ́νθεσῐς (súnthesis)
(resolution of a diphthong into two syllables): σῠναίρεσῐς (sunaíresis)
(interval): δῐᾰ́στημᾰ (diástēma)

Question 20

πρίγκιπας - πριγκίπισσα - Princeps Civitatis

Answer 20

FIRST CITIZEN - PRINCEPS

princeps civitatis (Meaning, roughly, ‘first citizen’)

https: //en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Princeps
https: //en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Principate

Surface etymology: prīmus (“first”) +‎ -ceps (“catcher, capiō”).

• ceps (genitive -cipitis); third-declension one-termination suffix
• headed
• fold
• ceps m (genitive -cipis); third declension
• catcher
• taker

capiō (present infinitive capere, perfect active cēpī, supine captum); third conjugation iō-variant
I take, I capture, I catch, I seize, I take captive, I storm
I take on, adopt
I hold, I contain
I occupy, I possess
I take hold of, I take possession of, I possess
Metus mē cēpit. ― Fear took hold of me.
I take in, I comprehend, I understand
I reach (usually indicates traveling by sea)
I take in, I receive
I get, I receive (said of property, value, money)
I captivate, I charm, I fascinate, I enchant

—————————————————————
From Hebrew כִּיפָּה‎ (kipá).

kippah (plural kippot or kippahs or kippoth)
The cloth skullcap or yarmulke traditionally worn by male Jews.

yarmulke (plural yarmulkes)
A skullcap worn by religious Jewish males (especially during prayer). [from 1903]
Synonyms: kippah, kappel, skullcap

Yiddish יאַרמלקע‎ (yarmlke)

skullcap (plural skullcaps)
A small domed cap that covers the area from the forehead to just above the back of the neck.
A yarmulke-like hat worn as an element of ghetto fashion.
(anatomy) The calvaria, the top part of the skull, covering the cranial cavity containing the brain.
(botany) Any of several species of flowering plants of the genus Scutellaria, in the Lamiaceae family.
(historical) A torture device for compressing the skull.

—————————————————————

prī̆nceps cīvitās (“first citizen”) (a title of the Roman Emperors, beginning with Caesar Augustus)

πρίγκιπας • (prígkipas) m (plural πρίγκιπες, feminine πριγκίπισσα)
prince, title for the male children of a king and sometimes the extended royal family.
title for the ruler of a small country
senior title of the nobility

(figuratively) A person living in luxury.
Zει σαν πρίγκιπας.
Zei san prígkipas.
He lives like a prince.

πρῖγκῐψ • (prînkips) m (genitive πρῑ́γκῐπος); third declension
prince

prī̆nceps m or f (genitive prī̆ncipis); third declension
a leader, first man or woman, head
The official Style of the British sovereign :
Elizabeth II, Deī Grātiā Britanniārum Rēgnōrumque Suōrum Cēterōrum Rēgīna, Cōnsortiōnis Populōrum Prīnceps, Fideī Dēfēnsor
Elizabeth II, by the Grace of God of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and of Her other Realms and Territories Queen, Head of the Commonwealth, Defender of the Faith
a principal person
an author, originator, founder
a chief, director
a prince, sovereign
(military, as plural) company or division of the second line of soldiers

princeps civitatis (Meaning, roughly, ‘first citizen’)

https: //en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Princeps
https: //en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Principate

Adjective
prī̆nceps (genitive prī̆ncipis); third-declension one-termination adjective
first, foremost
chief, distinguished

Question 21

Νομισμός

Answer 21

PLURALIS MAJESTATIS - ROYAL WE

pluralis majestatis

majestic plural

βασιλικός εμείς

https: //en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Royal_we
https: //en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nosism

Nosism, from Latin nos ‘we’, is the practice of using the pronoun we to refer to oneself when expressing a personal opinion.

The royal we (pluralis majestatis) refers to a single person holding a high office, such as a monarch, bishop, or pope.

The royal we is commonly employed by a person of high office, such as a monarch or other type of sovereign. It is also used in certain formal contexts by bishops and university rectors.

In the public situations in which it is used, the monarch or other dignitary is typically speaking not only in their own personal capacity but also in an official capacity as leader of a nation or institution.

In diplomatic letters, such as letters of credence, it is customary for monarchs to use the singular first-person (I, me, my) when writing to other monarchs, while the majestic plural is used in royal letters to a president of a republic.
In Commonwealth realms, the sovereign discharges their commissions to ranked military officers in the capacity of we. Many official documents published in the name of the monarch are also presented with royal we, such as letters patent, proclamation, etc.

Several prominent epithets of the Bible describe the Jewish God in plural terms: Elohim, Adonai, and El Shaddai. Many Christian scholars, including the post-apostolic leaders and Augustine of Hippo, have seen the use of the plural and grammatically singular verb forms as support for the doctrine of the Trinity.
The earliest known use of this poetic device is somewhere in the 4th century AD, during the Byzantine period; nevertheless, scholars as Mircea Eliade,[8] Wilhelm Gesenius, and Aaron Ember, claim that Elohim is a form of majestic plural in the Torah.

https: //en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elohim
https: //en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Names_of_God_in_Judaism#Adonai
https: //en.wikipedia.org/wiki/El_Shaddai

Question 22

φᾰνή 
φαίνω
φωτεινός
ἐπῐφᾰ́νειᾰ
ἱεροφᾰ́ντης

Answer 22

FIREBRAND - TO SHINE - HIEROPHANT
MYTHICAL EXPOUNDER

φαίνω • (phaínō)
(transitive) I cause to appear, bring to light; I show, uncover, reveal
(transitive) I make known, reveal, disclose
(of sound)
(transitive) Ι show forth, expound
(transitive) I denounce
(intransitive) I shine, give light
(passive) I appear; I shine
I come into being
I come about
(copulative or control verb) I appear (to be)
(φαίνεται as interjection) yes; so it appears; apparently
(late, impersonal) it seems

Adjective
φωτεινός • (foteinós) m (feminine φωτεινή, neuter φωτεινό)
bright, illuminated, light, luminous

Verb
ἐπιφαίνω • (epiphaínō)
to shine, shed light upon
to show, display
(middle, passive) to come to light, appear

ἐπῐφᾰ́νειᾰ • (epipháneia) f (genitive ἐπῐφᾰνείᾱς); first declension
appearance, manifestation (especially of a divine or royal figure)
visible portion, surface
appearance, pretense
fame, distinction
(in New Testament of the Bible) advent or manifestation of Christ

From ἐπῐφᾰνής (epiphanḗs, “in view”) +‎ -ῐᾰ (-ia)

from ἐπιφαίνω (epiphaínō, “I come into view”)

from ἐπί (epí, “upon”) + φαίνω (phaínō, “I shine, bring to light”).

Noun
φάντης • (fántis) m (plural φάντηδες)
(card games) jack
φάντης μπαστούνι m (fántis bastoúni, “jack of spades, unexpected visitor”)

Noun
φᾰνή • (phanḗ) f (genitive φᾰνῆς); first declension
torch, firebrand
Synonyms: γράβιον (grábion), γρυνός (grunós), δαΐς (daḯs), δᾰ́ος (dáos), ἑλένη (helénē), λαμπάς (lampás), λοφνίς (lophnís), πανός (panós), πυρσός (pursós), φρῠκτός (phruktós)
(in the plural) torch-processions

From Proto-Indo-European *bʰeh₂- (“to shine”), like φανός (phanós, “bright, shining”).

———————————————————-
Adjective
ῐ̔ερός • (hierós) m (feminine ῐ̔ερᾱ́, neuter ῐ̔ερόν); first/second declension
connected with the gods, supernatural
holy, sacred, consecrated
under divine protection

Noun
ἱεροφᾰ́ντης • (hierophántēs) m (genitive ἱεροφᾰ́ντου); first declension
hierophant, one who teaches rites of sacrifice and worship
(at Rome) pontifex, high priest
hierophant, a mystical expounder

From ἱερός (hierós, “holy”) +‎ φαίνω (phaínō, “show”) +‎ -της (-tēs, masculine agent-noun suffix).

Noun
ῑ̔ερόδουλος • (hīeródoulos) m or f (genitive ῑ̔εροδούλου); second declension
hierodule, a temple slave, often one performing religious prostitution

From ἱερός (hierós, “sacred”) +‎ δοῦλος (doûlos, “slave”).

Noun
ἱερόγλῠφος • (hierógluphos) m (genitive ἱερογλῠ́φου); second declension
carver of hieroglyphics

From ἱερός (hierós, “sacred, holy”) +‎ γλυφή (gluphḗ, “carved work”), a calque of Egyptian mdw nṯr (“the god’s word”).

Question 23

λᾰμπᾰ́ς
λαμπρός 
Λαμπρή 
λᾰμπτήρ
λάμπω

Answer 23

TORCH - LAMP - TO GIVE LIGHT

λάμπω • (lámpō)
to shine, be bright, give light
(sound) to be loud, clear
to be famous, conspicuous.

Noun
Λαμπρή • (Lamprí) f (uncountable)
(religion, Christianity, colloquial) Easter

Synonyms
Πάσχα n (Páscha)

Adjective[edit]
λαμπρός • (lamprós) m
bright, illuminated, light, luminous, lambent, enlightened

Adjective
αγλαός • (aglaós) m (feminine αγλαή, neuter αγλαό)
brilliant, shining
splendid, shining

Noun
λᾰμπτήρ • (lamptḗr) m (genitive λᾰμπτῆρος); third declension
lighter, torch, lantern

Noun
λᾰμπᾰ́ς • (lampás) f (genitive λᾰμπᾰ́δος); third declension
torch, wax-light
lamp

From λᾰ́μπω (lámpō, “shine”) +‎ -ᾰ́ς (nouns with participial function).

Suffix
-ᾰ́ς • (-ás) f (genitive -ᾰ́δος); third declension
Forms nouns with participial function.
‎λᾰ́μπω (lámpō, “shine”) + ‎-άς (-ás) → ‎λαμπάς (lampás, “torch”)
‎φεύγω (pheúgō, “to flee”) + ‎-άς (-ás) → ‎φυγάς (phugás, “an exile”)
Forms nouns with collective function.
‎νείφω (neíphō, “to snow”) + ‎-άς (-ás) → ‎νιφάς (niphás, “snowstorm”)
Forms designations of young animals.
κεμάς (kemás, “pricket”)
Forms derivatives of nasal stems extended with -t-.
‎ἰκμαίνω (ikmaínō, “to moisten”) + ‎-άς (-ás) → ‎ἰκμάς (ikmás, “moisture”)
‎ἐμβαίνω (embaínō, “to enter”) + ‎-άς (-ás) → ‎ἐμβάς (embás, “slipper”)
Forms abstract or collective nouns of number from numerals.
‎δέκᾰ (déka, “ten”) + ‎-άς (-ás) → ‎δεκάς (dekás, “the number ten, group of ten”)

Suffix
-ᾰ́ς • (-ás) f (genitive -ᾰ́δος); third declension
Forms feminine adjectives or nouns.
Δηλιάς (Dēliás, “female Delian”)
Forms female patronymics from name of father.
Θεστιάς (Thestiás, “daughter of Thestius”)

Suffix
-άς • (-ás) m (feminine -ού)
added to another noun to create agent nouns:
μύλος (“mill”) → μυλωνάς (“miller”)
γάλα (“milk”) → γαλατάς (“milkman”, “dairyman””)
γυναίκα (“woman”) → γυναικάς (“womaniser”)
φαγητό (“food”) → φαγάς (“gourmand”, “greedy guts”)

Question 24

δήλωση
δήλωσις
δηλόω

Answer 24

MAKE APPARENT - CLARIFY - EXPLANATION

Verb
δηλόω • (dēlóō)
(transitive) To show, to make apparent or known, clear.

From δῆλος (dêlos, “manifest”) +‎ -όω (-óō).

Suffix
-όω • (-óō)
Added to a noun or adjective to make a verb with a causative or factitive meaning: to make someone do or be something.

Adjective
δῆλος • (dêlos) m (feminine δήλη, neuter δῆλον); first/second declension
visible
conspicuous
manifest
(Septuagint, plural form) the Urim

From Proto-Indo-European *dyew- (“heaven, sky; to shine”).

Proto-Indo-European
Root
*dyew-
to be bright
sky, heaven

Noun
δήλωσις • (dḗlōsis) f (genitive δηλώσεως); third declension
explanation
representation

Noun
δήλωσις • (dílosis) f
Katharevousa form of δήλωση (dílosi, “statement”)

δήλωση (“statement”)

Noun
δήλωση • (dílosi) f (plural δηλώσεις)
statement, report, announcement, declaration

Question 25

άγιος αγιάζω ἁγίζω ᾰ̔γνῐ́ζω

Answer 25

TO MAKE HOLY - TO BLESS - TO SANCTIFY - MAKE SACRED Verb αγιάζω • (agiázo) (past αγίασα, passive αγιάζομαι) (formal speech) (transitive) consecrate, bless, sprinkle with holy water (intransitive) be canonised, made a saint Synonym: αγιοποιούμαι (agiopoioúmai) ἁγίζω • (hagízō) (Attic, Doric) (transitive) To hallow, make sacred, especially by burning a sacrifice. ``` Verb ᾰ̔γνῐ́ζω • (hagnízō) (Attic, Koine) (transitive) To make pure, to purify, cleanse away, especially by water (transitive) To hallow the dead by fire (transitive) To burn up, destroy ``` From ἁγνός (“sacred, pure”) +‎ -ίζω (denominative verb suffix). Adjective άγιος • (ágios) m (feminine αγία or άγια, neuter άγιο) holy, saintly Saint used in the names of churches and places → Άγιος (Ágios) address for priests (figuratively) a pious person Noun ἁγνείᾱ • (hagneíā) f (genitive ἁγνείᾱς); first declension purity, chastity purification, cleansing Noun ᾰ̔γνῐσμός • (hagnismós) m (genitive ᾰ̔γνῐσμοῦ); second declension purification, expiation From ἁγνίζω (“to purify, cleanse”) +‎ -μός (doctrine noun). Noun ἁγνότης • (hagnótēs) f (genitive ἁγνότητος); third declension One who has purity, who is chaste. From ἁγνός (“sacred, pure”) +‎ -της (abstract noun suffix). Adjective αγνός • (agnós) m (feminine αγνή, neuter αγνό) pure, chaste, innocent pure, undiluted Noun αγνότητα • (agnótita) f (uncountable) chastity naivety, innocence From Koine Greek ἁγνότης (hagnótēs). Equivalent to αγνός (agnós, “pure”) +‎ -ότητα (-ótita, “-ity, -ness”). ``` Noun αγαμία • (agamía) f (plural αγαμίες) celibacy η αγαμία του κλήρου ― i agamía tou klírou ― the celibacy of the clergy bachelorhood, bachelorship άγαμος (ágamos, “single, celibate”) and see: γάμος (gámos, “marriage”) ``` Αγία Οικογένεια f (Agía Oikogéneia, “holy family”) Αγία Σοφία f (Agía Sofía, “Hagia Sophia -church-”) αγία του Θεού Σοφία f (agía tou Theoú Sofía, “holy Wisdom of God”) Αγία Τριάδα f (Agía Triáda, “Holy Trinity”) Άγιοι Τόποι m pl (Ágioi Tópoi, “Holy Lands”) Άγιο Πνεύμα n (Ágio Pnévma, “Holy Spirit”) άγιος άρτος n (ágios ártos) Άγιος Τάφος m (Ágios Táfos, “Holy Sepulchre”) άγιο φως n (ágio fos) του αγίου Ποτέ (tou agíou Poté, “on St Nobody's day -i.e. αγία f (agía, “saint”) άγια (ágia, “well”, adverb) αγιάζω (agiázo, “to bless”) αγίασμα n (agíasma, “holy water”) άγιασμα n (ágiasma, “sanctification”) αγιασματάρι n (agiasmatári, “holy water stoup”) αγιασμός m (agiasmós, “blessing, holy water”) αγιαστούρα f (agiastoúra, “holy water sprinkler”) αγιογδύτης m (agiogdýtis, “church thief”) αγιογδύτισσα f (agiogdýtissa, “church thief”) αγιογράφηση f (agiográfisi, “church decoration”) αγιογραφία f (agiografía, “icon”) αγιογραφώ (agiografó, “to paint icons”) αγιόκλημα n (agióklima, “honeysuckle”) αγιοποιημένος (agiopoiiménos, “canonised”) αγιοσύνη f (agiosýni, “holiness”) αγιότητα f (agiótita, “holiness”) καθαγιάζω (kathagiázo) καθαγίαση f (kathagíasi) καθαγιασμός m (kathagiasmós) Παναγία f (Panagía), Παναγιά πανάγιος (panágios) Παναγιότατος (Panagiótatos) προηγιασμένος (proïgiasménos) τρισάγιος (triságios) χριστοπαναγία f (christopanagía) ``` αδελφόθεος m (adelfótheos) (religion) μάρτυρας m (mártyras) (religious sense) ιεράρχης m (ierárchis) (religion) ισαπόστολος m (isapóstolos) (religion) ομολογητής m (omologitís) (religion) όσιος m (ósios) (religion) ``` ``` Adjective ἅγιος • (hágios) m (feminine ἁγίᾱ, neuter ἅγιον); first/second declension devoted to the gods of things: sacred, holy of people: holy, pious, pure accursed ``` Noun ἅγιος • (hágios) m (genitive ἁγίου); second declension (Koine, biblical) A Christian (Koine, Byzantine) a saint Verb ἅζομαι • (házomai) (Epic) to dread, stand in awe of, reverence From Proto-Indo-European *h₁yaǵ- (“to revere”) compare ἅγιος (hágios) cognate with Sanskrit यजति (yájati, “to revere”). ``` Proto-Indo-European Root *h₁yaǵ- to sacrifice to worship ``` Sanskrit: यजुस् (yájus, “veneration, worship, sacerdotal formula”) Sanskrit: यज्यु (yájyu, “worshipping, devout; worthy of worship, adorable”) Latin: iaiūnus, ieiūnus (“fasting, abstinent”) Latin: ieientō, ientō (“to have breakfast”) ``` Adjective ἁγνός • (hagnós) m (feminine ἁγνή, neuter ἁγνόν); first/second declension pure, chaste holy, sacred purifying ``` —————————————————————- ``` Adjective ῐ̔ερός • (hierós) m (feminine ῐ̔ερᾱ́, neuter ῐ̔ερόν); first/second declension connected with the gods, supernatural holy, sacred, consecrated under divine protection ``` Noun ῑ̔ερόδουλος • (hīeródoulos) m or f (genitive ῑ̔εροδούλου); second declension hierodule, a temple slave, often one performing religious prostitution From ἱερός (hierós, “sacred”) +‎ δοῦλος (doûlos, “slave”). Noun ἱερόγλῠφος • (hierógluphos) m (genitive ἱερογλῠ́φου); second declension carver of hieroglyphics From ἱερός (hierós, “sacred, holy”) +‎ γλυφή (gluphḗ, “carved work”), a calque of Egyptian mdw nṯr (“the god’s word”). ῐ̔ερός ιερός (ierós, “holy, sanctified”)

Question 26

σώζω ‎σαπίζω (sapízo, “I rot”) + ‎-ιος (-ios) → ‎σάπιος (sápios, “rotten”)

Answer 26

SALVATION = TRUST = ENTHUSIASM TO PARTICIPATE A “Savior” is a “Civil Architecture” that operates as a “Security System” that enables “citizens of it” the ability to trust each other and cooperate at commerce according to known standards. ``` Antonyms of TRUST Rigged Fixed Scam Trick Deceive Dishonest Missing important and salient information Occluded Lie Incomplete information to determine the degree of risk for a given decision. Buried in complexity. Disadvantaged persons “pawn on chessboard” Protection Racketeering Cartel Concentration of power (centralization) Secret Societies ``` ——————————————————————— ``` Verb σώζω • (sózo) (past έσωσα, passive σώζομαι) save, rescue (computing) save (a file) (religion) redeem, save ``` Noun σωτηρῐ́ᾱ • (sōtēríā) f (genitive σωτηρῐ́ᾱς); first declension deliverance, salvation From σωτήρ (sōtḗr, “saviour”) +‎ -ῐ́ᾱ (abstract nouns). Suffix -ῐ́ᾱ • (-íā) f (genitive -ῐ́ᾱς); first declension Added to stems of adjectives, rarely to the stems of verbs, and even more rarely to the stems of nouns, to form feminine abstract nouns. Nouns σωτήρ • (sōtḗr) m (genitive σωτῆρος); third declension saviour, deliverer, preserver (often as an epithet of protecting gods, especially Zeus) From σῴζω (sṓizō, “to save”) +‎ -τήρ (-agent noun). ``` Verb σῴζω • (sṓizō) I save I heal (Christianity) I save (rare in Homer) Ι keep safe, preserve I keep, observe, maintain (usually middle) I keep in mind, remember I bring safely (to) I rescue I save for (with infinitive) (with participle) ``` From σῶς (sôs, “safe, sound”) +‎ -ίζω (verb) Suffix -ῐ́ζω • (-ízō) Used to form verbs from nouns, adjectives and other verbs. From σῶς (sôs, “safe, sound”) +‎ -ίζω (-ízō) from Pre-Hellenic form *σάϝος (*sáwos) from Proto-Indo-European *tweh₂-u-s from *tewh₂- (“to be strong”). Adjective σῶς • (sôs) m or f (neuter σῶν); second declension or σῶς • (sôs) m (feminine σᾶ, neuter σῶν); first/second declension safe and sound, alive and well Verb σᾰόω • (saóō) (Epic) Synonym of σῴζω (sṓizō, “to save”) From σάος (sáos) +‎ -όω (-óō) Suffix -όω • (-óō) Added to a noun or adjective to make a verb with a causative or factitive meaning: to make someone do or be something. ——————————————————————— REDEEM Verb redeem (third-person singular simple present redeems, present participle redeeming, simple past and past participle redeemed) (transitive) To recover ownership of something by buying it back. (transitive) To liberate by payment of a ransom. (transitive) To set free by force. (transitive) To save, rescue (transitive) To clear, release from debt or blame (transitive) To expiate, atone (for) (transitive, finance) To convert (some bond or security) into cash (transitive) To save from a state of sin (and from its consequences). (transitive) To repair, restore (transitive) To reform, change (for the better) (transitive) To restore the honour, worth, or reputation of oneself or something. (transitive, archaic) To reclaim from Latin redimō (“release; obviate; atone for”) itself from re- (“back; again”) + emō (“buy; gain, take, procure”). ``` Verb emō (present infinitive emere, perfect active ēmī, supine ēmptum); third conjugation (transitive) I buy, purchase. Synonym: compārō Antonym: vēndō Quantīs haec poma ēmistī? How much have you paid for these fruits? (figuratively) I acquire, procure. ``` Ancient Greek νέμω (némō). Verb νέμω • (némō) to deal out, distribute, dispense (of herdsmen), to pasture or graze their flocks, drive to pasture, tend From Proto-Indo-European *nem- (“to assign, allot; take”) Noun νομεύς • (nomeús) m (genitive νομέως or νομῆος); third declension herdsman, herder (Byzantine) owner From νέμω (némō) +‎ -εύς (-eús) -εύς • (-eús) m (genitive -έως); third declension Added to noun or adjective stems to form a masculine noun of the person concerned with a thing Added to an ancestor's or place name to form a demonym: -ian Added to verbal stems to form a masculine agent noun: -er Noun νομή • (nomḗ) f (genitive νομῆς); first declension pasturage division, distribution From νέμω (némō) +‎ -η (-ē). -η • (-ē) f (genitive -ης); first declension (Attic, Epic, Ionic, Koine) Added to verbal stems ending in a consonant to form an action noun. Noun νομός • (nomós) m (genitive νομοῦ); second declension pasture, field herbage, food division, distribution dwelling, residence district, region, province (particularly of Egypt), satrapy From νέμω (némō, “to pasture, graze”) +‎ -ός (-ós). Noun satrapy (plural satrapies) (historical) The territory governed by a satrap; a province of any of several ancient empires of Western Asia (specifically, of the Median or Achaemenid empires or certain of their successors, including the Sassanian Empire and Hellenistic empires). viceroyalty (countable and uncountable, plural viceroyalties) The office or term of service of a viceroy; viceroydom The place governed by a viceroy Noun σᾰτρᾰπείᾱ • (satrapeíā) f (genitive σᾰτρᾰπείᾱς); first declension satrapy, office or province of a satrap From σᾰτρᾰ́πης (satrápēs, “satrap”) +‎ -είᾱ (added to a noun to denote a relationship with a place, building, etc). Noun σᾰτράπης • (satrápēs) m (genitive σᾰτράπου); first declension a satrap, title of a Persian viceroy or governor of a province (satrapy) In general, of any governor or lord Borrowed from Old Median *xšaθrapāwan- (literally “kingdom-protector”) which is cognate with Old Persian 𐎧𐏁𐏂𐎱𐎠𐎺𐎠 Noun 𐎧𐏁𐏂𐎱𐎠𐎺𐎠 (x-š-ç-p-a-v-a /xšaçapāvā/) m satrap (governor of a province under Achaemenid Persian rule) Literally "protector of the realm, province", an agent noun based on 𐎧𐏁𐏂𐎶 (x-š-ç-m /xšaça-/, “realm, province”) and 𐎱𐎠𐎮𐎹 (p-a-di-y /√pā/, “to protect”). Verb 𐎱𐎠𐎮𐎹 (p-a-di-y /pādiy/) (2nd person singular imperactive active, root √pā) to protect From Proto-Indo-Iranian *paH-, from Proto-Indo-European *peh₂- (“to protect”). Cognates include Sanskrit पाति (pā́ti), Latin pāscō and Mycenaean Greek 𐀡𐀕 (po-me). Verb pāscō (present infinitive pāscere, perfect active pāvī, supine pāstum); third conjugation I feed, nourish, maintain, support. I pasture, drive to pasture, attend. I feed, supply, cultivate, let grow (of animals) I graze, browse (figuratively) I feast, delight, satisfy, feed, gratify I consume, lay waste, ravage, desolate (figuratively, biblical, Ecclesiastical Latin) I tend to as a shepherd or pastor; cherish, nourish, care for, feed spiritually From Proto-Italic *pāskō, from Proto-Indo-European *peh₂- (“to protect, shepherd”). Compare Ancient Greek ποιμαίνω (poimaínō, “to tend, feed, nourish”). Cognates include Attic Greek ποιμήν (poimḗn, “shepherd”) Sanskrit पाति (pā́ti, “to protect”) Old English fōda and fēdan (English food and feed) ``` Proto-Indo-European Root *peh₂- to protect to shepherd ``` Greek ποιμήν (poimḗn, “shepherd, herdsman”) abstract nomina agentis suffix *-mn̥ Suffix *(é)-mn̥ n Creates action nouns or result nouns from verbs. Noun μηλᾰ́της • (mēlátēs) m (genitive μηλᾰ́του); second declension shepherd, herdsman Synonyms: μηλοφῠ́λᾰξ (mēlophúlax), ποιμήν (poimḗn) From μῆλον (mêlon, “sheep, goat”) +‎ -της (-tēs, masculine agent-noun suffix). δαίμων • (daímōn) m or f (genitive δαίμονος); third declension god, goddess divine power, deity guardian spirit (Latin genius), and so one's fate, destiny, fortune departed soul (ecclesiastical, biblical) demon, evil spirit From δαίομαι (daíomai, “to divide”) +‎ -μων (-mōn) Suffix -μων • (-mōn) m (genitive -μονος); third declension Forms agent nouns and adjectives. from Proto-Indo-European *deh₂-i- (“to divide, cut”). For similar semantic development compare Old Persian 𐎲𐎥 (b-g /baga/, “god”), Sanskrit भग (bhága, “dispenser, patron”) (usually applied to gods) beside Avestan 𐬠𐬀𐬔𐬀-‎ (baga-, “part”) and Sanskrit भजति (bhájati, “to divide, apportion”). ——————————————————————— Related to hale, health, hail, hallow, heal, and holy. From Middle English hole (“healthy, unhurt, whole”), from Old English hāl (“healthy, safe”), from Proto-Germanic *hailaz (“whole, safe, sound”) Etymology 2 Adjective hail Alternative form of heil (“healthy, sound”) Noun hail (uncountable) Alternative form of heil (“health, welfare”) From Old English hāl (“healthy, safe”), from Proto-Germanic *hailaz (“whole, safe, sound”), from Proto-Indo-European *kóh₂ilus (“healthy, whole”). ``` Adjective hāl sound, healthy, intact Iosep axode hwæðer hira fæder wære hal. Joseph asked whether their father was well. (Genesis) whole, undivided ``` Old High German heil (German heil (“healthy”) Adjective heil (comparative heiler, superlative am heilsten) whole; intact; unhurt; safe Gut, dass du heil wieder zurück bist. ― I’m glad you’re back safe. Die Tasse ist noch heil. ― The cup is still whole. (in combination with certain nouns) sheltered; innocent; ideal heile Kindheit ― innocent childhood heile Welt ― ideal world from Proto-Indo-European *kóh₂ilos (“healthy, whole”). ——————————————————————— Noun hallow (plural hallows) (obsolete outside set phrases) A saint; a holy person; an apostle. All Hallows Eve (or Halloween), the night before All Hallows Day (now more commonly known as "All Saints Day"). (obsolete, in the plural) The relics or shrines of saints or non-Christian gods. To seek hallows: to visit relics or shrines, in the belief that the saints themselves are present there. From Middle English halwe (“a saint, holy thing, shrine”), from Old English hālga (“a holy one, saint”), from Proto-Germanic *hailagô (“holy one”), from *hailagaz (“holy”), from Proto-Germanic *hailaz (“whole, safe, hale”), from Proto-Indo-European *kóylos (“safe, unharmed”). Old Norse helgi (“security”). Adjective holy (comparative holier, superlative holiest) Dedicated to a religious purpose or a god. I'm planning to visit the holy city of Jerusalem this Christmas. Revered in a religion. (Can we add an example for this sense?) Morally perfect or flawless, or nearly so. My grandmother is a very holy woman. Separated or set apart from (something unto something or someone else). Set apart or dedicated for a specific purpose, or for use by a single entity or person. (slang) Used as an intensifier in various interjections. Holy cow, I can’t believe he actually lost the race! Those children next door are holy terrors! ——————————————————————— Noun whole (plural wholes) Something complete, without any parts missing. Synonyms: entireness, totality; see also Thesaurus:entirety Meronym: part This variety of fascinating details didn't fall together into an enjoyable, coherent whole. An entirety. Adverb whole (comparative more whole, superlative most whole) (colloquial) In entirety; entirely; wholly. Synonyms: see Thesaurus:completely I ate a fish whole! That's a whole other story. Adjective safe (comparative safer or more safe, superlative safest or most safe) Not in danger; out of harm's reach. You’ll be safe here. Free from risk. Synonyms: riskless, harmless Antonyms: harmful, dangerous It’s safe to eat this. Providing protection from danger; providing shelter. We have to find a safe spot, where we can hide out until this is over. (baseball) When a batter successfully reaches first base, or when a baserunner successfully advances to the next base or returns to the base he last occupied; not out. The pitcher attempted to pick off the runner at first, but he was safe. Properly secured. Synonym: secure Hyponyms: binary-safe, fail-safe, thread-safe, type-safe The documents are safe. (used after a noun, often forming a compound) Not susceptible to a specified source of harm. Synonyms: easy-going, merciful, tolerant, lenient. ``` Antonyms: strict, harsh, intolerant Reliable; trusty. Synonym: trustworthy Cautious. (programming) Of a programming language, type-safe or more generally offering well-defined behavior despite programming errors. ``` from Proto-Indo-European *solh₂- (“whole, every”). Proto-Indo-European Root *solh₂- whole Adjective whole (comparative wholer or more whole, superlative wholest or most whole) Entire, undivided. Synonyms: total; see also Thesaurus:entire I ate a whole fish. Used as an intensifier. I brought a whole lot of balloons for the party. She ate a whole bunch of french fries. Sound, uninjured, healthy. Synonyms: hale, well; see also Thesaurus:healthy He is of whole mind, but the same cannot be said about his physical state. (of food) From which none of its constituents has been removed. whole wheat; whole milk (mining) As yet unworked. —————————————————————————

Question 27

εμπιστοσύνη

Answer 27

TRUST - CONFIDENCE εμπιστοσύνη confidence • ( empistosyni ) f ( uncountable ) ( singular only ) trust ; confidence See Ancient Greek ἐμπιστεύω ( empisteúō , “ I entrust ” ) Verb εμπιστεύομαι • (empistévomai) deponent (past εμπιστεύτηκα/εμπιστεύθηκα) (transitive) trust, entrust someone (transitive) confide something from ἐν (“in”) ἐμ- (in-) + passive voice of πιστεύω (do as a trustee does) πιστεύω • (pisteúō) to have faith (in, upon, or with respect to, a person or thing), to credit to entrust (especially one’s spiritual well being to Christ) to believe, commit (to trust), put in trust with From πίστις (pístis, “faith”) πιστ- (trust-) + -εύω (“suffix for verbs”) -εύω (meaning "be x" or "do what x typically does") Suffix -εύω • (-eúō) Added to the stems of agent or other nouns in -εύς (-eús) to form a denominative verb of condition or activity: meaning "be x" or "do what x typically does" ‎ βᾰσῐλεύς ( basileús, “ king ” ) + ‎ -εύω ( -eúō ) → ‎ βᾰσῐλεύω ( basileúō, “ to rule ” ) ‎ ᾰ̔λῐεύς ( halieús, “ fisherman ” ) + ‎ -εύω ( -eúō ) → ‎ ᾰ̔λῐεύω ( halieúō, “ to fish ” ) Added to other nouns ‎ βουλή ( boulḗ, “ plan ” ) + ‎ -εύω ( -eúō ) → ‎ βουλεύω ( bouleúō, “ to plan ” ) ‎ παῖς ( paîs, “ child ” ) + ‎ -εύω ( -eúō ) → ‎ παιδεύω ( paideúō, “ to teach ” ) ‎ ᾰ̓γορᾱ́ ( agorā́, “ assembly, marketplace ” ) + ‎ -εύω ( -eúō ) → ‎ ᾰ̓γορεύω ( agoreúō, “ to talk ” ) πῐ́στῐς • (pístis) f (genitive πῐ́στεως or πῐ́στῐος); third declension trust in others, faith belief in a higher power, faith the state of being persuaded of something: belief, confidence, assurance trust in a commercial sense: credit faithfulness, honesty, trustworthiness, fidelity that which gives assurance: treaty, oath, guarantee means of persuasion: argument, proof that which is entrusted From Proto-Indo-European *bʰéydʰtis, equivalent to πείθω (peíthō, “I persuade”) +‎ -τις (-tis). Compare the later formation, πεῖσῐς (peîsis). Noun πίστη • (písti) f (plural πίστεις) faith, creed, belief ``` Verb πείθω • (peíthō) (active) I convince, persuade I succeed through entreaty I mislead I bribe I tempt (in the mediopassive, πείθομαι, and Epic future, πῐθήσω, with dative) I obey, yield to I believe, trust in (second perfect active, πέποιθᾰ, with passive sense) I trust, rely on (with dative of person or thing) (perfect passive, πέπεισμαι, post-Epic) I believe, trust (with dative) ``` Verb ἀπειθέω • (apeithéō) to disobey ἀ- (a-, “un-”) +‎ πειθ- (peith-, “obey”) +‎ -έω (-éō) -έω is a causative or frequentive suffix.

Question 28

προφήτης

Answer 28

PROPHET - PROPHECY προφήτης prophet, seer, prophetess, soothsayer, predictor μάντης clairvoyant, prophet, diviner, prognosticator prophecy (countable and uncountable, plural prophecies) A prediction, especially one made by a prophet or under divine inspiration. French writer Nostradamus made a prophecy in his book. The public interpretation of Scripture. From Middle English prophecie from Old French prophetie from Latin prophētīa from Ancient Greek προφητεία (prophēteía, “prophecy”) from προφήτης (prophḗtēs, “speaker of a god”) from πρό (“before”) + φημί (phēmí, “I tell”) προφητείᾱ • (prophēteíā) f (genitive προφητείᾱς); first declension the interpretation of the will of the gods: prophecy (New Testament): preaching and teaching under the influence of the Holy Spirit προφητεία • (profiteía) f (plural προφητείες) prophecy, prediction From προφήτης (prophḗtēs, “speaker of a god”) +‎ -ίᾱ (-íā). προφήτης • (profítis) m (plural προφήτες) prophet προφητεία f (profiteía, “prophecy”) προφητεύω (profitévo, “to predict”) προφητικός (profitikós, “prophetic”) ψευδοπροφήτης (psevdoprofítis) Verb προφητῐ́ζω • (prophētízō) Alternative form of προφητεύω (prophēteúō) Verb προφητεύω • (prophēteúō) to be a prophet, an interpreter of the gods (New Testament) to expound scripture, to speak and preach under the influence of the Holy Spirit. From προφήτης (prophḗtēs, “prophet”) from πρόφημι (próphēmi, “to speak beforehand”) ``` φημί • (phēmí) I speak, say. I think (of an author) I write (φησί (phēsí) or ἔφη (éphē) used when quoting, sometimes after another verb of saying) I say yes, agree, affirm, assert (with οὐ (ou)) I say no, deny, refuse (φημί (phēmí) or οὕτως φημί (hoútōs phēmí) as interjection) yes, I would say so ``` Synonyms λέγω (légō, “say, speak”) ἀγορεύω (agoreúō, “to speak in the assembly”) ἀδολεσχέω (adoleskhéō, “to talk idly, prate”) δημηγορέω (dēmēgoréō, “to speak in the assembly; to make popular speeches”) διαλέγομαι (dialégomai, “to converse, hold a discussion, debate, argue.”) λαλέω (laléō, “to talk, chat, prattle”) ληρέω (lēréō, “to speak foolishly”) μυθέομαι (muthéomai, “say, tell”) ὑθλέω (huthléō, “talk nonsense, trifle, prate”) φάσκω (pháskō, “to declare, state, affirm”) φλυαρέω (phluaréō, “to talk nonsense”) φράζω (phrázō, “to make known, point out, intimate, show; to tell, declare; to explain, interpret; to counsel, advise, suggest, bid, order”) ``` ἀντίφημι (antíphēmi) ἀπόφημι (apóphēmi) ἔκφημι (ékphēmi) κατάφημι (katáphēmi) μετάφημι (metáphēmi) παράφημι (paráphēmi) πρόσφημι (prósphēmi) σύμφημι (súmphēmi) φάσις (phásis) ``` μετάφημι • (metáphēmi) (Epic) to speak among or to πρόσφημῐ • (prósphēmi) (Epic) (transitive) To speak to, address From προσ- (pros-, “to, towards”) +‎ φημί (phēmí, “to say”). from Proto-Indo-European *bʰéh₂ti (“to speak”). Noun φᾰ́σῐς • (phásis) f (genitive φᾰ́σεως); third declension appearance From φημί (speak, say, utter) +‎ -σις (abstract noun). Noun φᾰ́σῐς • (phásis) f (genitive φᾰ́σεως); third declension utterance, statement, expression From φαίνω (to appear) +‎ -σις (abstract noun -ance) An appearance. Verb *bʰéh₂ti (imperfective) to speak, to be talking Proto-Indo-European Root *bʰeh₂- (imperfective) to shine, glow light ``` Noun φωνή • (phōnḗ) f (genitive φωνῆς); first declension sound usually of the human voice: voice, cry, yell the voice or cry of animals any articulate sound (especially vowels) speech, discourse language ``` ``` Verb φωνέω • (phōnéō) I produce a sound or tone (of men) I speak loud or clearly; I speak, give utterance, voice I call by name, call I speak, tell of ``` From φωνή (phōnḗ, “sound”) +‎ -έω (-éō, denominative verbal suffix). -έω denominative (plural denominatives) A word, often a verb, that is derived from a noun or adjective. Suffix -έω • (-éō) Used to form verbs from nouns, adjectives and other verbs. Often, not always, added to the stems of thematic nouns or adjectives in -ος (-os).

Question 29

πρίγκιπας | πριγκίπισσα

Answer 29

FIRST CITIZEN - PRINCEPS princeps civitatis (Meaning, roughly, 'first citizen') https: //en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Princeps https: //en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Principate πριγκίπισσα Princess • ( prigkipissa ) f ( plural princesses , masculine Prince ) princess ( daughter of a monarch ) ηγεμών sovereign, prince πρίγκιψ prince βασιλόπαις prince

Question 30

ἡγεμών

Answer 30

HEGEMON - LEADER - GUIDE ``` Noun ἡγεμών • (hēgemṓn) m (genitive ἡγεμόνος); third declension one who goes first (Odyssey) guide leader, chief governor, prince, ruler ``` ``` Verb ἡγέομαι • (hēgéomai) I go before, precede; I lead the way, guide I lead (dative) in (genitive) (with accusative) I am leader (in a thing) I lead, command in war I rule, I have dominion (post-Homeric) I believe, hold I hold, regard (as something) ``` From Proto-Indo-European *seh₂g-. Cognates include Old English sēċan (English seek) \Gothic 𐍃𐍉𐌺𐌾𐌰𐌽 (sōkjan) ———————————————————————— LATIN: Latin sagiō. Verb sāgiō (present infinitive sāgīre); fourth conjugation, no passive, no perfect or supine stem I perceive quickly or keenly with the senses I perceive acutely with the intellect. Adjective sagāx (genitive sagācis, superlative sagācissimus, adverb sagāciter); third-declension one-termination adjective of quick perception, having acute senses; keen-scented intellectually quick, keen, acute, shrewd, sagacious. Derived from sāgiō (“I perceive”) +‎ -āx (“inclined to”). Noun sagācitās f (genitive sagācitātis); third declension keenness (of perception), acuteness (of the senses) sagacity, shrewdness Adjective sāgus (feminine sāga, neuter sāgum); first/second-declension adjective divining, prophetic ``` Proto-Indo-European Alternative reconstructions *seh₂ǵ- Root *seh₂g- to seek out ``` From Ancient Greek: ἡγέομαι (hēgéomai, “to lead”) ``` CYBORG SAGAX A cyborg (/ˈsaɪbɔːrɡ/)—a portmanteau of cybernetic and organism—is a being with both organic and biomechatronic body parts. The term was coined in 1960 by Manfred Clynes and Nathan S. Kline. ``` cyborg (n.) "a man-machine hybrid, a human modified by integrated machinery to have extended powers," 1960, a blend of the first elements of cybernetic and organism. cybernetic (adj.) 1951, back-formation from cybernetics. Greek kybernetikos meant "good at steering."

Question 31

``` δοῦλος ἀτμήν ιερόδουλη δμώς δμῳή πόρνη λατμενεία ```

Answer 31

A SLAVE Verb πέρνημι • (pérnēmi) to sell From the Proto-Indo-European root *per- (“sell”), which also gave the verb πέρνημι (pérnēmi, “to sell”). πόρνη • (pórni) f harlot; prostitute; whore opprobrious designation πορνίδιο (pornídio) πορνεία f (porneía, “prostitution”) πορνείο (porneío, “brothel”) πορνεύω (pornévo, “to fornicate”) πορνικός (pornikós) πορνοβοσκός m (pornovoskós, “pimp”) πορνογράφημα (pornográfima) πορνογράφος (pornográfos, “pornographer”) πορνογραφία (pornografía, “pornography”) πορνογραφικά (pornografiká, “pornographically”) πορνογραφικός (pornografikós, “pornographic”) πορνογραφώ (pornografó, “to make pornography”) πορνοπεριοδικό n (pornoperiodikó, “porn magazine”) πορνοστάρ n (pornostár, “porn star”) πορνοταινία f (pornotainía, “porn film”) πορνό n (pornó, “porn”) πορνόγερος m (pornógeros, “dirty old man”) πόρνος m (pórnos, “lecherous man, fornicator”) Noun πορνίδιο • (pornídio) n (plural πορνίδια) (derogatory) whore, hooker, dirty whore fucking slut, dirty slut πόρνη f (pórni, “prostitute”) (neutral term) ιερόδουλη f (ieródouli, “prostitute”) (polite term) Derived terms[edit] πουτανάκι n (poutanáki) (diminutive) πουτανίτσα f (poutanítsa) (diminutive) πουτανάρα f (poutanára) (augmentative) καραπουτάνα f (karapoutána) (augmentative) πουτανιά f (poutaniá, “cunningness, wrong”) πουταναρειό n (poutanareió, “whorehouse, brothel”) πουτανιάρης m (poutaniáris, “whoremaster”) πουτανίζω (poutanízo, “whore around”) πουτανίστικος (poutanístikos, “whorish, slutty”) της πουτάνας (tis poutánas, “commotion, chaos, pandemonium”) της πουτάνας το κάγκελο (tis poutánas to kágkelo, “commotion, chaos, pandemonium”) Noun ιερόδουλη • (ieródouli) f (plural ιερόδουλες) (formal, euphemistic) prostitute, sex worker (person who engages in sexual activity for payment) Δύο ιερόδουλες συνελήφθησαν αργά χθες το βράδυ. Dýo ieródoules synelífthisan argá chthes to vrády. Two prostitutes were arrested late last night. From Ancient Greek ἱερόδουλος (hieródoulos, “hierodule, temple slave that performed religious prostitution”). ``` Noun Wikipedia-logo.png hierodule on Wikipedia hierodule (plural hierodules) (historical, chiefly Ancient Greece) A temple slave, often one performing religious prostitution. ``` From Ancient Greek ἱερόδουλος (hieródoulos), from ἱερός (hierós, “sacred”) + δοῦλος (doûlos, “slave”). From ἱερός (hierós, “sacred”) +‎ δοῦλος (doûlos, “slave”). Noun ῑ̔ερόδουλος • (hīeródoulos) m or f (genitive ῑ̔εροδούλου); second declension hierodule, a temple slave, often one performing religious prostitution Adjective δοῦλος • (doûlos) m (feminine δούλη, neuter δοῦλον); first/second declension (Attic, Ionic) slavish, servile, subject Noun δοῦλος • (doûlos) m (genitive δούλου); second declension (Epic, Attic, Ionic, Koine) born slave or bondman Synonym: ἀτμήν (atmḗn) Verb δουλόω • (doulóō) to enslave -όω • (-óō) Added to a noun or adjective to make a verb with a causative or factitive meaning: to make someone do or be something. https://translate.google.com/translate?hl=en&sl=el&tl=en&u=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wiktionary.org%2Fwiki%2Fπερπατάω&anno=2&prev=search Noun ἀτμήν • (atmḗn) m (genitive ἀτμένος); third declension servant, slave Synonym: δοῦλος (doûlos) Greek Monotonic atmin: - Enos , the, slave , servant , in Hesiod. Related to δμώς (dmṓs, “slave”). Furnée adduces λατμενεία (latmeneía, “slavery”). Noun δμώς • (dmṓs) m (genitive δμωός); third declension male slave taken captive in war; male slave Noun δμῳή • (dmōiḗ) f (genitive δμῳῆς); first declension female slave taken captive in war; female slave Verb δάμνημῐ • (dámnēmi) Synonym of δαμάζω (damázō) ``` Verb δᾰμᾰ́ζω • (damázō) to tame, subdue, control (of women) to give in marriage (of women) to seduce or rape to subdue, conquer, rule over to kill to overpower ``` Verb δαμάζω • (damázo) (past δάμασα, passive δαμάζομαι) tame, subdue, control αδάμαστος (adámastos, “untamed”) ακαταδάμαστος (akatadámastos, “untamable”) δάμασμα n (dámasma, “taming”) δαμαστής (damastís, “tamer”) θηριοδαμαστής (thiriodamastís, “tamer of animals -at the circus-”) From ἱππόδᾰμος (hippódamos, “horse tamer”) +‎ -ειᾰ (-eia). See ἵππος (híppos) and δαμάζω (damázō). ``` Proper noun Polydamas Πολῠδάμᾱς • (Poludámās) m (genitive Πολῠδάμαντος); third declension Polydamas (Trojan hero) A male given name ``` From πολύς (polús, “much, many”) +‎ δαμάζω (damázō, “to tame”) From Proto-Indo-European *demh₂-. Proto-Indo-European Root *demh₂- to tame, domesticate Verb δαμνάω • (damnáō) Synonym of δαμάζω (damázō) λατμενεία latmenia (A) (according to Isich. ) "slavery". [ ΕΤΥΜΟΛ. This is probably. for a combination of l. ἀτμενία "slavery" and worship , while according to others it is esf. grf. of l. ἀτμενία ]. λατρεύω I adore

Question 32

στάλιξ - σταυρός - κολώνα - στήλη - στῦλος - κῑ́ων - στοᾱ́

Answer 32

A PILLAR στάλιξ • (stálix) f (genitive στάλῐκος); third declension stake to which nets are fastened Synonym: σχαλίς (skhalís) According to Beekes, the root could be either Proto-Indo-European *stel- (“to set”) (like στέλλω (stéllō, “to prepare”)) or Proto-Indo-European *steh₂- (“to stand”) (like ἵστημι (hístēmi, “to stand”)). στήλη • (stḗlē) f (genitive στήλης); first declension block of stone used as a prop or buttress to a wall block of rock crystal, in which the Ethiopian mummies were cased block or slab used as a memorial, monument gravestone, tombstone monument inscribed with record of victories, dedications or votes of thanks post placed on mortgage ground, as a record of the fact boundary post Uncertain. Could be from Proto-Indo-European *stl̥-neh₂, from *stel- (related to στέλλω (stéllō, “I set, arrange”)), with similarities to Old High German stollo. Could instead be from Proto-Indo-European *sth₂-sleh₂, from *steh₂- (related to ἵστημι (hístēmi, “I stand”)). Also compare στῦλος (stûlos, “pillar”). στῦλος • (stûlos) m (genitive στῡ́λου); second declension pillar, column, support wooden pole stile κῑ́ων • (kī́ōn) m or f (genitive κῑ́ονος); third declension pillar, column a columnar gravestone the uvula the division of the nostrils, cartilage of the nose a type of meteor a type of wart στοᾱ́ • (stoā́) f (genitive στοᾶς); first declension a colonnade a roofed porch or walkway having one or more aisles framed and supported by one or more colonnades: portico; arcade, cloister, piazza (e.g. the Stoa Basileios and the Stoa Poikile in the ancient Agora of Athens). a building marked by having such a roofed and colonnaded porch or walkway (e.g. the Stoa of Attalos in the ancient Agora of Athens). royal court Noun στήλη • (stḗlē) f (genitive στήλης); first declension block of stone used as a prop or buttress to a wall block or slab used as a memorial, monument gravestone, tombstone monument inscribed with record of victories, dedications or votes of thanks post placed on mortgage ground, as a record of the fact boundary post block of rock crystal, in which Ethiopian mummies were allegedly cased στήλη • (stíli) f (plural στήλες) (architecture) column, stele (chess) file Synonyms κολώνα f (kolóna) Noun κολώνα • (kolóna) f (plural κολώνες) Alternative form of κολόνα (kolóna) Noun κολόνα • (kolóna) f (plural κολόνες) (architecture) column, pillar post from Latin columna. ``` Noun columna f (genitive columnae); first declension column, pillar waterspout (New Latin) column as in a book Synonym: pāgina ``` Originally a collateral form of columen, contraction culmen (“a pillar, top, crown, summit”) σταυρός • (staurós) m (genitive σταυροῦ); second declension upright stake or pile cross, crucifix From Proto-Indo-European *steh₂- (“to stand”). See ῐ̔́στημῐ (hístēmi). Cognate with Icelandic staur (“a stake, pole”), English stour (“stake, pole”), Swedish stör. Compare also staff.

Question 33

θηρίο

Answer 33

WILD BEAST - TO BREATH from *dʰews- (“to breathe”) A Proto-Indo-European preform *dʰwēstiā has been proposed, from the root dʰwēs- (“to breathe”) μῆλον • (mêlon) n (genitive μήλου); second declension sheep goat beast beast (plural beasts) Any animal other than a human; usually only applied to land vertebrates, especially large or dangerous four-footed ones. (more specific) A domestic animal, especially a bovine farm animal. A person who behaves in a violent, antisocial or uncivilized manner. (slang) Anything regarded as larger or more powerful than one of its normal size or strength. That is a beast of a stadium. The subwoofer that comes with this set of speakers is a beast. (slang) Someone who is particularly impressive, especially athletically or physically. (prison slang, derogatory) A sex offender. (figuratively) Something unpleasant and difficult. A thing or matter, especially a difficult or unruly one. from Latin bēstia (“animal, beast”) A Proto-Indo-European preform *dʰwēstiā has been proposed, from the root dʰwēs- (“to breathe”) (compare Gothic 𐌳𐌹𐌿𐍃 (dius) from *dʰews- (“to breathe”); more at English deer), but this is uncertain, since an initial f- would be expected in Latin. ``` Seemingly related to *dʰewh₂- (“(to emit) smoke, vapor, mist, haze”), with which there may be confusion in some descendants. Root *dʰwes- to breathe (in or out) breath spirit, soul > creature ``` ``` θηρίο • (thirío) n (plural θηρία) wild animal, beast brute, predator large strong man giant (vegetable, etc) ``` θήρα f (thíra, “hunting, shooting”) θήραμα n (thírama, “quarry”) θηρεύω (thirévo, “I hunt”) θηριοδαμαστής m (thiriodamastís, “tamer”) θηριόμορφος (thiriómorfos, “monstrous”) θηριοτροφείο n (thiriotrofeío, “zoo, menagerie”) θηριοτρόφος m (thiriotrófos, “zoo keeper, tamer”) θηριώδης (thiriódis, “brutish, fierce, ferocious”) θηριωδία f (thiriodía, “ferocity, brutishness”) θηριωδώς (thiriodós, “fiercely, ferociously”) ``` θηρῐ́ον • (thēríon) n (genitive θηρῐ́ου); second declension wild animal, beast, savage beast animal a poisonous animal (diminutive) a small animal, insect, worm (medicine) a malignant ulcer a term of reproach (astronomy) the constellation Lupus ``` From θήρ (thḗr, “animal, beast”) +‎ -ῐον (-ion, diminutive suffix). θήρ • (thḗr) m or f (genitive θηρός); third declension a wild beast, beast of prey, especially a lion any animal a fantastic animal, such as the Sphinx From Proto-Hellenic *kʷʰḗr from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰwer-. φήρ • (phḗr) m (genitive φηρός); second declension Aeolic form of θήρ (thḗr) ``` Adjective ferus (feminine fera, neuter ferum); first/second-declension adjective wild, savage uncivilized, uncultivated untamed, rough fierce, cruel ``` Cognates include Latin ferus from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰwer- (“wild animal”). Proto-Germanic: *berô (“bear”) Adjective ferōx (genitive ferōcis, superlative ferōcissimus, adverb ferōciter); third-declension one-termination adjective wild, bold, fierce defiant, arrogant ``` ferōcia ferōciō ferōcitās ferōciter ferōculus ``` From Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰweroh₃kʷs (“having the appearance of a wild animal”), from *ǵʰwero- (suffixed form of *ǵʰwer- (“wild animal”)) + *h₃ekʷ- (“eye; to see”). wild (comparative wilder, superlative wildest) Untamed; not domesticated; specifically, in an unbroken line of undomesticated animals (as opposed to feral, referring to undomesticated animals whose ancestors were domesticated). From Middle English wild, wilde, from Old English wilde, from Proto-West Germanic *wilþī, from Proto-Germanic *wilþijaz, from Proto-Indo-European *wel- (“hair, wool, grass, ear (of corn), forest”).

Question 34

μεσουράνημα

Answer 34

MIDDLE HEAVEN - HIGH NOON - ZENITH - APOGEE ``` mesouranéma: the zenith, mid-heaven Original Word: μεσουράνημα, ατος, τό Part of Speech: Noun, Neuter Transliteration: mesouranéma Phonetic Spelling: (mes-oo-ran'-ay-mah) Definition: the zenith, mid-heaven Usage: mid-heaven, the middle of heaven, the zenith. ``` μεσουράνημα, μεσουρανηματος, τό from μεσουρανέω the sun is said μεσουράνειν to be in mid-heaven, when it has reached the meridian) mid-heaven, the highest point in the heavens, which the sun occupies at noon. where what is done can be seen and heard by all: Revelation 8:13 (cf. Düsterdieck at the passage); . (Manetho, Plutarch, Sextus Empiricus.) μεσουρανώ μεσουρανέω be at the zenith culminate , prt . : μεσουρανούσα , aor . : mesouranisa ( without passive voice ) ( astronomy ) I am in the " middle of the sky ", in the celestial meridian of a place ( metaphorically ) I am " at the top " of glory , success , prosperity ``` μεσούρανα Culminate Apogee high up in the sky the middle, the middle of the celestial dome: "the mesouras were illuminated by lightning" synonyms: ethers, celestial (mtf.) the very high position, the top: "the mesouranes of his career" synonyms: apogee (inarticulate as an adverb) mesourana , in the middle of the sky, in the middle of the sky: Myr. Pan. "... fountains whose waters jumped in droves". ```

Question 35

δήμος οἶκος σπίτι

Answer 35

HOUSE - HOME - DOMICILE - PUBLIC δόμος (the building itself) δόμος • (dómos) m (genitive δόμου); second declension house, dwelling household Dwelling place of animals: barn, wasp's nest, snake's hole πρόδομος • (pródomos) m (genitive προδόμου); second declension entryway, forecourt, chamber at the front of a house ``` οἶκος (inhabitants, the inhabited house) House of God House of Prayer House of Israel House of the people of God House of a family ``` ``` οἶκος a dwelling (more or less extensive, literal or figurative); by implication, a family (more or less related, literally or figuratively) -- home, house(-hold), temple. ``` ``` From επι + οικο + δομή εποικοδομή Edify Superstructure construction ( scholarly ) ( literally ) ( figuratively ) the top of a building or the building that is built on top of another ``` δομή • (domí) f (plural δομές) structure (social, political, physical, etc) η δομή του ανθρώπινου σώματος ― i domí tou anthrópinou sómatos ― the structure of the human body δόμηση f (dómisi, “structure”) From Ancient Greek δομή (domḗ), from Proto-Indo-European *doméh₂, from the root *dem- (“to build”). ``` Proto-Indo-European Root *dem- to build (up) to arrange, to put together ``` δέμω • (démō) to build, construct, prepare, make δομή • (domí) f (plural δομές) structure (social, political, physical, etc) δόμηση • (dómisi) f (plural δομήσεις) building, construction (the act or process) Edify instruct or improve (someone) morally or intellectually. edify (third-person singular simple present edifies, present participle edifying, simple past and past participle edified) (now rare) To build, construct. (transitive) To instruct or improve morally or intellectually. From Old French edifier (“to build, to edify”) from Latin aedificare (“build”). Verb aedificō (present infinitive aedificāre, perfect active aedificāvī, supine aedificātum); first conjugation I build, erect, establish I create, frame From aedēs (“building”) +‎ -ficō. —————————————————————- RESIDENCE ``` οἶκος, ου, ὁ Part of Speech: Noun, Masculine Transliteration: oikos Phonetic Spelling: (oy'-kos) Definition: a house, a dwelling Usage: (a) a house, the material building, (b) a household, family, lineage, nation. ``` strictly, an inhabited house (differing thus from δόμος the building) ``` οἶκος • (oîkos) m (genitive οἴκου); second declension house or dwelling place room, chamber meeting house, hall; monument birdcage (astrology) domicile of a planet estate, inheritance reigning house or family ``` From ϝοῖκος (woîkos), from Proto-Hellenic *wóikos, from Proto-Indo-European *weyḱ- (“to enter, settle; settlement, homestead, village”). Cognates include Mycenaean Greek 𐀺𐀒 (wo-ko /wojkos/, “home”), Latin vīcus (whence English wick (“village”)), Proto-Slavic *vьsь (“village”), Sanskrit विश् (viś) and वेश (veśa), and Gothic 𐍅𐌴𐌹𐌷𐍃 (weihs). ``` Μενοικεύς (Menoikeús) μύλοικος (múloikos) οἰκοβᾰσῐλικόν (oikobasilikón) οἰκόβῐος (oikóbios) οἰκογενής (oikogenḗs) οἰκοδέγμων (oikodégmōn) οἰκοδέκτωρ (oikodéktōr) οἰκοδεσπόζω (oikodespózō) οἰκοδέσποινᾰ (oikodéspoina) οἰκοδεσπότης (oikodespótēs) οἰκοδῐ́αιτος (oikodíaitos) οἰκοδομέω (oikodoméō) οἰκοδοχεύς (oikodokheús) οἰκόθετος (oikóthetos) οἰκόθρεπτος (oikóthreptos) οἰκοκερδής (oikokerdḗs) οἰκοκρᾰτέομαι (oikokratéomai) οἰκομᾰχῐ́ᾱ (oikomakhíā) οἰκονομέω (oikonoméō) οἰκοποιός (oikopoiós) οἰκόσῑτος (oikósītos) οἰκοσκευή (oikoskeuḗ) οἰκοσκοπικόν (oikoskopikón) οἰκοσόος (oikosóos) οἰκοτρᾰφής (oikotraphḗs) οἴκοτριψ (oíkotrips) οἰκότροφος (oikótrophos) οἰκοτῠ́ραννος (oikotúrannos) οἰκουργός (oikourgós) οἰκουρός (oikourós) οἰκόφθορος (oikóphthoros) οἰκοφόρος (oikophóros) οἰκοφῠ́λαξ (oikophúlax) οἰκῶνᾰξ (oikônax) οἰκωφελής (oikōphelḗs) πᾰ́ροικος (pároikos) show less ▲ Related terms[edit] οἴκᾰδε (oíkade) οἰκᾰ́ρῐον (oikárion) οἴκει (oíkei) οἰκεύς (oikeús) οἰκέω (oikéō) οἰκῐ́ᾱ (oikíā) οἰκῐ́ον (oikíon) οἴκισῐς (oíkisis) οἰκῐ́σκος (oikískos) οἶκόνδε (oîkónde) οἴκοσε (oíkose) ``` ``` οίκημα A house house neutral (and settlers ) the residence any covered space that serves as a residence ``` ————————————————————— COLONY κᾰ́τοικος • (kátoikos) m (genitive κᾰτοίκου); second declension inhabitant (and especially) a military colonist κατοικίζω κᾰτοικίζω • (katoikízō) to settle, establish a colony From κάτοικος (kátoikos) +‎ -ίζω (-ízō) and/or κατα- (kata-) +‎ οἰκίζω (oikízō). ``` κατοικάς (katoikás) κατοικειόομαι (katoikeióomai) κατοικέσια (katoikésia) κατοικεσία (katoikesía) κατοικέω (katoikéō) κατοίκημα (katoíkēma) κατοίκησις (katoíkēsis) κατοικητήριον (katoikētḗrion) κατοικητήριος (katoikētḗrios) κατοικητής (katoikētḗs) κατοικήτωρ (katoikḗtōr) κατοίκια (katoíkia) κατοικία (katoikía) κατοικίδιος (katoikídios) κατοικίζω (katoikízō) κατοικῐκός (katoikikós) κατοίκιος (katoíkios) κατοικίς (katoikís) κατοίκῐσις (katoíkisis) κατοικισμός (katoikismós) κατοικιστής (katoikistḗs) κατοικοδομέω (katoikodoméō) κατοικονομέω (katoikonoméō) κατοικοφθορέω (katoikophthoréō) ``` ————————————————————— διαμονή accommodation ``` stay female it can reside someone to some place His stay on the island will continue. the place of residence a Her whereabouts remain unknown. ``` ————————————————————— DOMICILE (law = Estate) Domicile is relevant to an individual's "personal law," which includes the law that governs a person's status and their property. It is independent of a person's nationality. Although a domicile may change from time to time, a person has only one domicile, or residence, at any point in their life, no matter what their circumstances.[1] Domicile is distinct from habitual residence, where there is less focus on future intent. As domicile is one of the connecting factors ordinarily used in common law legal systems, a person can never be left without a domicile and a domicile is acquired by everyone at birth.[2] Generally domicile can be divided into domicile of origin, domicile of choice, and domicile by operation of law (also known as domicile of dependency).[3] When determining the domicile of an individual, a court applies its own law and understanding of what domicile is. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domicile_(law) ——————————————————— σπίτι • (spíti) n (plural σπίτια) (also used adverbially) house, home (structure built or serving as an abode of human beings) Θα πάμε στο σπίτι του φίλου μου. Tha páme sto spíti tou fílou mou. We will go to my friend's house. Πήγαινε σπίτι σου! Pígaine spíti sou! Go home! (by extensions) household, house (all the persons who live in a given house) Όλο το σπίτι μετακόμισε τον χειμώνα σε πιο ζεστά μέρη. Ólo to spíti metakómise ton cheimóna se pio zestá méri. The entire household moved in winter to warmer climes. (euphemistic, figuratively) brothel (house used by prostitutes) from earlier or Koine Greek ὁσπίτιον (hospítion), from Latin hospitium (“lodgings”). σπιτάκι n (spitáki) (diminutive) σπιταρόνα f (spitaróna) (augmentative) σπιτικό n (spitikó, “household”) σπιτικός (spitikós, “house-, home, homely”) (adjective) σπιτήσιος (spitísios, “house-, home, homely”) (adjective) σπιτόγατος m (spitógatos, “stay-at-home person, homebird”) σπιτονοικοκύρης m (spitonoikokýris, “landlord”) σπιτονοικοκυρά f (spitonoikokyrá, “landlady”) σπιτώνω (spitóno, “to provide with a home, to put up”) σπίτωμα n (spítoma, “act of providing with a home, putting up”) από σπίτι (apó spíti, “from good stock, of good lineage”) (literally: "from (a) house") για σπίτι (gia spíti, “marriageable, nubile”) (literally: "for (to make a) household") δουλειές του σπιτιού f pl (douleiés tou spitioú, “housework”) κάνω το σπίτι (káno to spíti, “to clean up, to do the housework”) (literally: "to do the house") κλείνω το σπίτι (kleíno to spíti, “bring trouble to a household”) (literally: "to close the house") σπίτι μου, σπιτάκι μου (spíti mou, spitáki mou, “home sweet home”) (literally: "my house, my little house") Synonyms[edit] (house, home): οίκος m (oíkos, “house, home”) (formal), κατοικία f (katoikía, “residence”), διαμονή f (diamoní, “residence, domicile”), οίκημα n (oíkima, “residence, dwelling”) (household): φαμίλια f (família), σπιτικό n (spitikó) (brothel): οίκος ανοχής m (oíkos anochís), πορνείο n (porneío) ``` ———————————————————— βουλή • (boulḗ) f (genitive βουλῆς); first declension will, determination, decision plan, project, intention counsel, advice council, senate ``` From βούλομαι (boúlomai, “I wish, will”) +‎ -η (-ē, verbal noun suffix). ———————————————————— στεγάζω House stegazo {, shot . : Housing , path.foni : houses , p.aor .: Housed , mtch.p.p .: Sheltered I cover a space by installing a roof I provide a house or accommodation ( metaphorically ) I provide space and opportunities for someone to be active ———————————————————— δημοτικός First attested in 1822 from Ancient Greek δημοτικός (dēmotikós, “common”) from δημότης (dēmótēs, “commoner”) from δῆμος (dêmos, “the common people”). δῆμος (dêmos, “country, land”) δήμος m (dímos, “municipality, the people”) δημοκρατικός (dimokratikós, “democratic”, adjective) κοινή (koiní, “Koine, common”) δημοτική f sg (dimotikí, “Demotic language”, noun) From Proto-Indo-European *deh₂mos (“people”) (perhaps originally a feminine), from *deh₂- (“to divide”), whence also δαίομαι (daíomai). The original meaning was thus "part". Cognate with Mycenaean Greek 𐀅𐀗 (da-mo), Old Irish dám (“followers, crowd”) Adjective δημώδης • (dimódis) m (feminine δημώδης, neuter δημώδες) demotic, vernacular στη δημώδη γλώσσα ― sti dimódi glóssa ― in the demotic language folk τα δημώδη άσματα ― ta dimódi ásmata ― folk songs δήμος • (dímos) m (plural δήμοι) (historical) people, common people (the body of citizens of a city-state in ancient Greece) common people (historical) deme (a subdivision of ancient Attica) municipality, deme αντιδημοκρατικός (antidimokratikós, “undemocratic”, adjective) αντιδημοτικός (antidimotikós, “unpopular”, adjective) αντιδημοτικότητα f (antidimotikótita, “unpopularity”) δημογέροντας (dimogérontas) δημογεροντία f (dimogerontía, “demogerontia”) δημοκρατία f (dimokratía, “democracy”) δημοκρατικός (dimokratikós, “democraticZ”, adjective) δημόσια (dimósia, “publicly”) δημοσιά f (dimosiá, “public road”) δημοσίευμα n (dimosíevma, “published text and information”) δημοσίευση f (dimosíefsi, “publication”) δημοσιεύω (dimosiévo, “announce, report”) δημόσιο n (dimósio, “the state”) δημοσιογράφος m or f (dimosiográfos, “reporter”) δημοσιονομικός (dimosionomikós, “related to public finance”) δημοσιοποίηση f (dimosiopoíisi, “disclosure, notification”) δημόσιος (dimósios, “public”) δημοσίως (dimosíos, “publicly”) δημοτική f (dimotikí, “demotic language”) δημοτικό n (dimotikó, “primary school”) δημοτικός (dimotikós, “municipal, demotic”, adjective) δημοφιλής (dimofilís, “popular”) δημοψήφισμα n (dimopsífisma, “referendum”) δημώδης (dimódis, “demotic, vernacular, folk”, adjective) ——————————————————- DEMOTIC LANGUAGE δημοτική • (dimotikí) f (uncountable) (linguistics) any vernacular form of a language, in contrast to learned varieties (linguistics) shortened form of δημοτική γλώσσα f (dimotikí glóssa, “Demotic Greek tongue”) Adjective δημοτική • (dimotikí) Nominative, accusative and vocative singular feminine form of δημοτικός (dimotikós).: of the people δημοτική αρχή ― dimotikí archí ― municipal authority δημοτική γλώσσα ― dimotikí glóssa ― demotic language δημοτική μουσική ― dimotikí mousikí ― folk music Synonyms: παραδοσιακή f (paradosiakí, “traditional”), also λαϊκή f (laïkí, “people's”) music δημοτικός • (dimotikós) m (feminine δημοτική, neuter δημοτικό) municipal δημοτική αρχή ― dimotikí archí ― municipal authority δημοτικοί άρχοντες ― dimotikoí árchontes ― municipal officials (the mayor and the council (music) folk, traditional δημοτική μουσική ― dimotikí mousikí ― folk music δημοτικό τραγούδι ― dimotikó tragoúdi ― folk song Synonyms: παραδοσιακός (paradosiakós), λαϊκός (laïkós) (linguistics, literature) demotic, of the people Synonym: δημώδης (dimódis) demotic (not comparable) Of or for the common people. Synonyms: colloquial, informal, popular, vernacular Antonym: formal demotic writing style Of, relating to, or written in the ancient Egyptian script that developed from Lower Egyptian hieratic writing starting from around 650 B.C.E. and was chiefly used to write the Demotic phase of the Egyptian language, with simplified and cursive characters that no longer corresponded directly to their hieroglyphic precursors. Synonym: enchorial Coordinate term: abnormal hieratic Of, relating to, or written in the form of modern vernacular Greek. Demotic Greek LEARNED learned (comparative more learned, superlative most learned) Having much learning, knowledgeable, erudite; highly educated. Synonyms: brainy, erudite, knowledgeable, scholarly, educated; see also Thesaurus:learned Antonyms: ignorant, stupid, thick, uneducated (law, formal) A courteous description used in various ways to refer to lawyers or judges. Scholarly, exhibiting scholarship. From Old English leornian (“to acquire knowledge”) lǣran to teach Mīn mōdor lǣrde mē þæt iċ ne wurpe stānas on crypelas. My mother taught me not to throw stones at cripples. COMMON - VULGAR κοινή • (koiní) f (uncountable) (language) common, standard (with ellipsis of noun γλώσσα f (glóssa, “language”)) (for any vernacular): δημώδης (dimódis), κοινή (koiní) (language) (for Greek): κοινή νεοελληνική (“Koine Neo-Hellenic”) Adjective κοινός • (koinós) m (feminine κοινή, neuter κοινόν); first/second declension common public, general κοινός • (koinós) m (feminine κοινή, neuter κοινό) common, mutual, shared, joint κοινή πεποίθηση ― koiní pepoíthisi ― common belief κοινό συμφέρον ― koinó symféron ― mutual interest common, commonplace, ordinary ο κοινός άνθρωπος ― o koinós ánthropos ― the common man public κοινή γνώμη ― koiní gnómi ― public opinion κοινή ωφέλεια ― koiní oféleia ― public utility

Question 36

πρᾶξῐς - πράξη - πρᾶγμᾰ - πρᾱ́σσω - ποίησις

Answer 36

ACT - DEED ``` Noun πράξη • (práxi) f (plural πράξεις) act, deed action, praxis (finance) transaction (computing, logic, mathematics) operation (drama) act ``` ``` πρᾶξῐς • (prâxis) f (genitive πρᾱ́ξεως); third declension deed, act, action, activity business dealing success collection of debts, arrears business, office work, treatise magic spell (euphemistic) sexual intercourse conduct, practice state, condition ``` From πρᾱ́σσω (“I do, practice”) +‎ -σῐς (abstract noun). ``` See also: θεωρία (theōría) ποίησις (poíēsis) πρᾶγμα (prâgma) πράκτωρ (práktōr) ``` πρᾱ́σσω • (prā́ssō) (Koine) I do, practice ``` πρᾶγμᾰ • (prâgma) n (genitive πρᾱ́γμᾰτος); third declension deed, act, fact occurrence, matter, affair thing, concrete reality thing, creature thing of consequence or importance (in the plural) circumstances, affairs (in the plural, in bad sense) trouble, annoyance ``` ``` ποιέω • (poiéō) To make To create To produce (mathematics) To make, to produce To postulate, imply To solve (post-Homeric) To compose, write poetry To write of (an event) in poetry To invent ```

Question 37

κουστωδίαν

Answer 37

CUSTODIAN κουστωδία koustódia: a guard ``` Original Word: κουστωδία, ας, ἡ Part of Speech: Noun, Feminine Transliteration: koustódia Phonetic Spelling: (koos-to-dee'-ah) Definition: a guard ``` κουστωδίαν (koustōdian) — 1 Occurrence Matthew 27:65 N-AFS GRK: Πιλᾶτος Ἔχετε κουστωδίαν ὑπάγετε ἀσφαλίσασθε NAS: to them, You have a guard; go, KJV: Ye have a watch: go your way, INT: Pilate You have a guard Go make [it as] secure Of Latin origin; "custody", i.e. A Roman sentry -- watch. custodian (n.) 1781, "one who has the care or custody of anything" (a library, a lunatic, etc.), from custody (Latin custodia) + -an. In this sense Middle English had custode (late 14c.), custodier (late 15c.). As "janitor," by 1944, American English, short for custodian-janitor (by 1899). Related: Custodianship. custody (n.) mid-15c., "a keeping, a guarding, safe-keeping, protection, defense," from Latin custodia "guarding, watching, keeping," also "prison," from custos (genitive custodis) "guardian, keeper, protector," from PIE root *(s)keu- "to cover, conceal." Meaning "restraint of liberty, confinement" is from 1580s. *(s)keu- Proto-Indo-European root meaning "to cover, conceal." It forms all or part of: chiaroscuro; cunnilingus; custody; cutaneous; cuticle; -cyte; cyto-; hide (v.1) "to conceal;" hide (n.1) "skin of a large animal;" hoard; hose; huddle; hut; kishke; lederhosen; meerschaum; obscure; scum; skewbald; skim; sky. It is the hypothetical source of/evidence for its existence is provided by: Sanskrit kostha "enclosing wall," skunati "covers;" Greek kytos "a hollow, vessel," keutho "to cover, to hide," skynia "eyebrows;" Latin cutis "skin," ob-scurus "dark;" Lithuanian kiautas "husk," kūtis "stall;" Armenian ciw "roof;" Russian kishka "gut," literally "sheath;" Old English hyd "a hide, a skin," hydan "to hide, conceal; Old Norse sky "cloud;" Old English sceo "cloud;" Middle High German hode "scrotum;" Old High German scura, German Scheuer "barn;" Welsh cuddio "to hide."

Question 38

Προμηθεύς

Answer 38

FOREKNOWLEDGE - DO AS DISCIPLES DO From προμηθής (“forethinking”) +‎ -εύς (person concerned) from πρό (before) + μανθάνω (“to learn, to know”). -εύς (-eús, suffix for person concerned) From Ancient Greek Προμηθεύς (Promētheús), from προμηθής (promēthḗs, “forethinking”) +‎ -εύς (-eús), from πρό (pró) + μανθάνω (manthánō, “to learn, to know”). Suffix -εύς • (-eús) m (genitive -έως); third declension Added to noun or adjective stems to form a masculine noun of the person concerned with a thing Added to an ancestor's or place name to form a demonym: -ian Added to verbal stems to form a masculine agent noun: -er -εύω Denominative of -εύς (person concerned with a thing). Suffix -εύω • (-eúō) do as “x” does Added to the stems of agent or other nouns in -εύς (-eús) to form a denominative verb of condition or activity: meaning "be x" or "do what x typically does" ‎ βᾰσῐλεύς ( basileús, “ king ” ) + ‎ -εύω ( -eúō ) → ‎ βᾰσῐλεύω ( basileúō, “ to rule ” ) ‎ ᾰ̔λῐεύς ( halieús, “ fisherman ” ) + ‎ -εύω ( -eúō ) → ‎ ᾰ̔λῐεύω ( halieúō, “ to fish ” ) Added to other nouns ‎ βουλή ( boulḗ, “ plan ” ) + ‎ -εύω ( -eúō ) → ‎ βουλεύω ( bouleúō, “ to plan ” ) ‎ παῖς ( paîs, “ child ” ) + ‎ -εύω ( -eúō ) → ‎ παιδεύω ( paideúō, “ to teach ” ) ‎ ᾰ̓γορᾱ́ ( agorā́, “ assembly, marketplace ” ) + ‎ -εύω ( -eúō ) → ‎ ᾰ̓γορεύω ( agoreúō, “ to talk ” ) Suffix -ευτῐκός • (-eutikós) m (feminine -ευτῐκή, neuter -ευτῐκόν); first/second declension Forms verbal adjectives usually connected to verbs in -εύω (-eúō) From verbs in -εύω (-eúō) +‎ -τῐκός (-tikós, verbal adjective suffix). μαθηταὶ disciples N-NMP ``` μᾰνθᾰ́νω • (manthánō) I learn Antonym: παιδεύω (paideúō) (aorist) I know, understand I seek, ask, inquire I have a habit of, am accustomed to I notice, perceive (in questions) Τί μαθών; "What were you thinking?" "Why on earth?" ``` Προμηθείς • ( Promitheís ) m Nominative , accusative and vocative plural form of Προμηθέας (“supplied”) Προμηθεύς • (Promētheús) m (genitive Προμηθέως); third declension (Greek mythology) Prometheus From προμηθής (“forethinking”) +‎ -εύς (do as “x” does) from πρό (before) + μανθάνω (“to learn, to know”). προμηθεύω • (promithévo) (past προμήθευσα/προμήθεψα, passive προμηθεύομαι) provide, supply Η οργάνωση προμήθευε καθαρό νερό στα παιδιά για δεκαετίες. I orgánosi promítheve katharó neró sta paidiá gia dekaetíes. The organisation provided clean water to the children for decades. προμήθεια f (promítheia, “supply, provisions”) ``` μᾰνθᾰ́νω • (manthánō) I learn Antonym: παιδεύω (paideúō) (aorist) I know, understand I seek, ask, inquire I have a habit of, am accustomed to I notice, perceive (in questions) Τί μαθών; "What were you thinking?" "Why on earth?" ``` μάθημα • (máthēma) n (genitive μαθήματος); third declension something that is learned: a lesson learning, knowledge (often in the plural) the mathematical sciences in particular, the quadrivium: arithmetic, geometry, astronomy and astrology, harmonics a creed μάθημα • (máthima) n (plural μαθήματα) lesson (a period set aside for tuition) subject (an area of knowledge to be taught) lesson, experience (knowledge gained from an incident in life) From the root of μανθάνω (“I learn”) +‎ -μα (result noun suffix). μαθαίνω (mathaíno, “to learn”) +‎ -μα (-ma) ancient Ancient Greek verb μανθάνω (manthánō, “know, understand”) and metaplasm ‑αίνω.[ μαθαίνω • (mathaíno) (past έμαθα, passive μαθαίνομαι) learn learn, acquire knowledge Μαθαίνω γαλλικά, πιάνο και χορό. ― Mathaíno galliká, piáno kai choró. ― I learn (take lessons) french, piano and dancing. Το ποίημα είναι μεγάλο και δε μαθαίνεται απέξω εύκολα. To poíima eínai megálo kai de mathaínetai apéxo éfkola. The poem is long and difficult to be learnt by heart. learn, I am informed Έμαθα τα νέα. ― Ématha ta néa. ― I heard the news. Θα μάθεις την αλήθεια. ― Tha mátheis tin alítheia. ― You will learn the truth. Έμαθες τι ώρα φεύγει το τρένο; ― Émathes ti óra févgei to tréno? ― Have you learnt what time the train leaves? Synonym: πληροφορούμαι (pliroforoúmai), become accustomed Δυστυχώς, έχω μάθει στο κάπνισμα και δεν μπορώ να το κόψω. Dystychós, écho máthei sto kápnisma kai den boró na to kópso. Regretably, I've got the habit of smoking and I cannot give up. Είμαι μαθημένος στη ζέστη· δεν αντέχω τα χιόνια. Eímai mathiménos sti zésti; den antécho ta chiónia. I am accustomed to warm [climate]; I cannot bear snow. Synonym: συνηθίζω (synithízo) teach Μάθε μου να παίζω πιάνο! ― Máthe mou na paízo piáno! ― Teach me to play the piano! Synonym: διδάσκω (didásko) (more accurate) warning for punishment to teach Θα σε μάθω εγώ να λες ψέματα· για τιμωρία, δε θα πας στο πάρτυ. Tha se mátho egó na les psémata; gia timoría, de tha pas sto párty. I'll give you a lesson for lying; you are punished, not to go to the party. From προμηθής (promēthḗs, “forethinking”) +‎ -εύς (-eús), from πρό (pró) + μανθάνω (manthánō, “to learn, to know”). -εύς • (-eús) m (genitive -έως); third declension Added to noun or adjective stems to form a masculine noun of the person concerned with a thing Added to an ancestor's or place name to form a demonym: -ian Added to verbal stems to form a masculine agent noun: -er μαθαίνω απέξω (mathaíno apéxo, “learn by heart”) μαθαίνω από πρώτο χέρι (mathaíno apó próto chéri, “learn first hand”) μαθημένος (mathiménos, participle) Prometheus A male given name from Ancient Greek (Greek mythology) The Titan chiefly honored for stealing fire from Zeus in the stalk of a fennel plant and giving it to mortals for their use. The god of fire and craft. (astronomy) A moon of the planet Saturn. N μαθαίνω απέξω (mathaíno apéxo, “learn by heart”) μαθαίνω από πρώτο χέρι (mathaíno apó próto chéri, “learn first hand”) μαθημένος (mathiménos, participle) Related terms[edit] -μαθής (-mathís, suffix) -μάθεια f (-mátheia, suffix) αμάθεια f (amátheia, “ignorance”) αμάθευτος (amátheftos, “unknown”) αμαθής (amathís, “ignorant”) αμάθητος (amáthitos, “not accustomed”) εκμανθάνω (ekmantháno, “learn very well”) μαθέ (mathé), μαθές (mathés) μάθημα n (máthima, “lesson”) μάθηση f (máthisi, “learning”) μαθησιακός (mathisiakós) μαθηματικός (mathimatikós, “mathematical, mathematician”) μαθηματικά n pl (mathimatiká, “mathematics”) μαθήτρια f (mathítria, “pupil, student”) μαθεύομαι (mathévomai, “to become known”) μαθητής m (mathitís, “pupil, student”) μαθητεία f (mathiteía, “apprenticeship”) μαθητευόμενη f (mathitevómeni, “apprentice”) μαθητευόμενος m (mathitevómenos, “apprentice”) μαθητεύω (mathitévo, “to be apprenticed”) μαθητικός (mathitikós, “school”) μαθητιώσα νεολαία (mathitiósa neolaía, “young generation of students”) (formal set phrase) μαθητολόγιο n (mathitológio, “school register”) μαθητούδι n (mathitoúdi, “schoolchild, pupil”) μαθητόκοσμος m (mathitókosmos, “school children”) μάθος n sg (máthos, “learning”) (rare, idiomatic) μαθός (mathós, “one who has learnt”) (vernacular) from past participle μᾰθών (mathṓn) Compounds with μαθαίνω κακομαθαίνω (kakomathaíno, “spoil”) καλομαθαίνω (kalomathaíno, “pamper, spoil”) ξαναμαθαίνω (xanamathaíno, “learn again”) ξεμαθαίνω (xemathaíno, “unlearn, forget something I have learnt”) πρωτομαθαίνω (protomathaíno, “learn for the first time”) Other compounds: καλομαθημένος (kalomathiménos, “pampered, spoiled”, participle) κακομαθημένος (kakomathiménos, “spoiled”, participle) πολυμαθής (polymathís, “polymath”) πρωτόμαθος (protómathos, “who has learnt for the first time, beginner”), πρωτομάθητος (protomáthitos) Proverbs: από μικρό κι από τρελό μαθαίνεις την αλήθεια (apó mikró ki apó treló mathaíneis tin alítheia) μαθημένα τα βουνά στα χιόνια (mathiména ta vouná sta chiónia) μάθε τέχνη κι άσ' τηνε, κι αν πεινάσεις πιάσ' τηνε (máthe téchni ki ás' tine, ki an peináseis piás' tine) τώρα στα γεράματα μάθε γέρο γράμματα (tóra sta gerámata máthe géro grámmata) Related terms -μαθής (-mathís, suffix) -μάθεια f (-mátheia, suffix) αμάθεια f (amátheia, “ignorance”) αμάθευτος (amátheftos, “unknown”) αμαθής (amathís, “ignorant”) αμάθητος (amáthitos, “not accustomed”) εκμανθάνω (ekmantháno, “learn very well”) μαθέ (mathé), μαθές (mathés) μάθημα n (máthima, “lesson”) μάθηση f (máthisi, “learning”) μαθησιακός (mathisiakós) μαθηματικός (mathimatikós, “mathematical, mathematician”) μαθηματικά n pl (mathimatiká, “mathematics”) μαθήτρια f (mathítria, “pupil, student”) μαθεύομαι (mathévomai, “to become known”) μαθητής m (mathitís, “pupil, student”) μαθητεία f (mathiteía, “apprenticeship”) μαθητευόμενη f (mathitevómeni, “apprentice”) μαθητευόμενος m (mathitevómenos, “apprentice”) μαθητεύω (mathitévo, “to be apprenticed”) μαθητικός (mathitikós, “school”) μαθητιώσα νεολαία (mathitiósa neolaía, “young generation of students”) (formal set phrase) μαθητολόγιο n (mathitológio, “school register”) μαθητούδι n (mathitoúdi, “schoolchild, pupil”) μαθητόκοσμος m (mathitókosmos, “school children”) μάθος n sg (máthos, “learning”) (rare, idiomatic) μαθός (mathós, “one who has learnt”) (vernacular) from past participle μᾰθών (mathṓn) Compounds with μαθαίνω κακομαθαίνω (kakomathaíno, “spoil”) καλομαθαίνω (kalomathaíno, “pamper, spoil”) ξαναμαθαίνω (xanamathaíno, “learn again”) ξεμαθαίνω (xemathaíno, “unlearn, forget something I have learnt”) πρωτομαθαίνω (protomathaíno, “learn for the first time”) Other compounds: καλομαθημένος (kalomathiménos, “pampered, spoiled”, participle) κακομαθημένος (kakomathiménos, “spoiled”, participle) πολυμαθής (polymathís, “polymath”) πρωτόμαθος (protómathos, “who has learnt for the first time, beginner”), πρωτομάθητος (protomáthitos) Proverbs: από μικρό κι από τρελό μαθαίνεις την αλήθεια (apó mikró ki apó treló mathaíneis tin alítheia) μαθημένα τα βουνά στα χιόνια (mathiména ta vouná sta chiónia) μάθε τέχνη κι άσ' τηνε, κι αν πεινάσεις πιάσ' τηνε (máthe téchni ki ás' tine, ki an peináseis piás' tine) τώρα στα γεράματα μάθε γέρο γράμματα (tóra sta gerámata máthe géro grámmata)

Question 39

οικουμένη | κόσμος

Answer 39

ECUMENICAL οικουμένη universe female all the peoples, tribes and countries that inhabit the earth. οικουμενικός (-ic, -al) Worldwide, universal ecumenical one that relates to the universe and not to individual countries or groups of people οικουμενικότητα (-ity) universality female (test in the singular) The globalization more innocent sense, the global nature of an object , a theory , a phenomenon, a value the acceptance of the government by, in theory, the vast majority of the people, when it (the government) is formed by many parties and covers almost the entire political spectrum (the so-called ecumenical government ) Synonym παγκόσμιος Pan-Cosmos which refers to, belongs to or appears in the whole earth, in the whole world ``` Συγγενικές λέξεις παγκόσμια παγκοσμίως παγκοσμιότητα παγκοσμιοποίηση ``` κόσμος • (kósmos) m (plural κόσμοι) (astronomy) Universe, cosmos world; planet Earth (figuratively) an imaginary world ``` See expressions (figuratively) one's own, inner world Ζει σε άλλον κόσμο! Zei se állon kósmo! He lives in another world! ``` Derivative: (ironic, augmentative) κοσμάρα f (kosmára) (collective, in the singular) society, people, the masses Δεν φταίει ο κόσμος, φταίνε οι πολιτικοί. Den ftaíei o kósmos, ftaíne oi politikoí. It is not the fault of the people, it is the politicians' fault. (expression) όλος ο κόσμος ― ólos o kósmos ― everybody See more expressions Derivative: (pejorative) κοσμάκης m (kosmákis) a group of people (geographically, historically, socially) O Ρωμαϊκός κόσμος O Romaïkós kósmos The Roman world (the Romans, the Roman civilization) ``` άλλος κόσμος m (állos kósmos, “a different, better class of people”) (without the definite article) ο άλλος κόσμος m (o állos kósmos, “the next world”) (only with a definite article) ```

Question 40

χαρίσματα

Answer 40

CHARISM χᾰ́ρῐσμᾰ • (khárisma) n (genitive χᾰρῐ́σμᾰτος); third declension A favourable disposition towards: grace, favor A voluntary favourable act: favour, gift Synchronically analysable as χαρίζω (charízo, “to grant”) +‎ -μα (-ma). χᾰρίζω • (kharízō) to show a favor, oblige, gratify, indulge (with a dative) (in erotic sense) to grant favors (with a dative) (transitively) to give graciously, forgive (passive, in the perfect) to be dear, acceptable From χάρις (kháris, “grace”) +‎ -ίζω (-ízō, denominative verb suffix). χᾰ́ρῐς • (kháris) f (genitive χᾰ́ρῐτος); third declension beauty, elegance, charm, grace favourable disposition towards someone: grace, favor, goodwill (Judaism, Christianity) the grace or favor of God a voluntary act of goodwill gratitude, thanks Synonym: μοῖτος (moîtos) influence (opposite force) gratification, delight χαίρω • (khaírō) To be full of cheer, i.e. calmly happy or well off To enjoy [+dative = something], [+participle = doing something] (perfect) To be very glad; to enjoy [+dative = something], [+participle = doing something] a great deal (on meeting or parting, as an imperative) Be well; farewell, be glad, God speed, greetings, hail, joy(‐fully), rejoice (as a salutation) Noun χᾰρᾱ́ • (kharā́) f (genitive χᾰρᾶς); first declension joy, exultation Noun χάρμᾰ • (khárma) n (genitive χάρμᾰτος); third declension source of joy, delight joy, delight ————————————— https: //en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spiritual_gift#Religious_meaning https: //en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seven_gifts_of_the_Holy_Spirit ``` The seven Latin terms are then: sapientia intellectus consilium fortitudo cognitiō (or scientia as in the above scripture) pietas timor Domini. ``` sapiō (present infinitive sapere, perfect active sapīvī or sapiī or sapuī); third conjugation iō-variant, no passive, no supine stem (intransitive) I have taste, have flavour. (transitive) I taste of, taste like, smack of, have a flavour of. (figuratively) (intransitive) I have good taste; I have sense, discernment; I am sensible, discreet, prudent, wise. (figuratively) (transitive) I know, understand (mostly with general objects). (Medieval Latin) I know. (Medieval Latin) I am able. Cognate with Old English sefa (“mind, spirit, mood”). ``` sapientia f (genitive sapientiae); first declension wisdom, discernment, memory science, skilled practice ``` sapiēns (genitive sapientis, comparative sapientior, superlative sapientissimus, adverb sapienter); third-declension one-termination participle discerning, wise, judicious discreet (masculine substantive) a wise man, sage, philosopher ``` intellēctus m (genitive intellēctūs); fourth declension comprehension, understanding meaning, sense intellect reason, discerning ``` ``` cōnsilium n (genitive cōnsiliī or cōnsilī); second declension plan, intention, design, purpose counsel, advice determination, resolve, resolution council, advisory body judgment, wisdom measure (i.e., course of action) device, stratagem (esp. in battle) ``` fortitūdō f (genitive fortitūdinis); third declension strength, force fortitude, resolve bravery, courage, valor From fortis (“strong, mighty”) +‎ -tūdō - tūdō f (genitive -tūdinis); third declension - itude, -ness; used to form abstract nouns indicating a state or condition. Compare Ancient Greek -σῠ́νη Synonyms (-itude): -dō, -ia, -itia, -tās cognitiō f (genitive cognitiōnis); third declension examination, inquiry, investigation learning, study (acquisition of knowledge) knowledge, cognition, cognizance From cognōscō (“to get to know”) +‎ -tiō (“resultative noun suffix”). pietās f (genitive pietātis); third declension dutiful conduct, sense of duty (to the gods) piety, conscientiousness, scrupulousness (to one's parents, children, relatives, country, benefactors, etc.) duty, dutifulness, affection, love, loyalty, patriotism, gratitude gentleness, kindness, tenderness, pity, compassion From Proto-Italic *pwījotāts. Equivalent to pius (“pious, devout”) +‎ -tās (“-ty, -dom”). timor m (genitive timōris); third declension fear, dread Peccantem me quotidie, et non poenitentem, timor mortis conturbat me. Quia in inferno nulla est redemptio, miserere mei, Deus, et salva me. Sinning daily, and not repenting, the fear of death disturbs me. Because there is no redemption in hell, have mercy on me, O God, and save me. (poetic) awe, reverence From timeō (“I fear”) +‎ -or. Suffix -or m (genitive -ōris); third declension used to form a third-declension masculine abstract noun from a verb root or conceived root form timor Domini. See dominus (“lord, master of a house”). Dominus m sg (genitive Dominī); second declension (religion) The Lord, the God of Abraham and the Hebrew Tanakh; (Christian) God the Father A spiritual gift or charism (plural: charisms or charismata; in Greek singular: χάρισμα charisma, plural: χαρίσματα charismata) is a concept in extraordinary power given by the Holy Spirit.[2][3] These are believed by followers to be supernatural graces which individual Christians need (and which were needed in the days of the Apostles) to fulfill the mission of the Church.[4][5] In the narrowest sense, it is a theological term for the extraordinary graces given to individual Christians for the good of others and is distinguished from the graces given for personal sanctification, such as the Seven Gifts of the Holy Spirit and the fruit of the Holy Spirit.[1] These abilities, often termed "charismatic gifts", are the word of knowledge, increased faith, the gifts of healing, the gift of miracles, prophecy, the discernment of spirits, diverse kinds of tongues, interpretation of tongues. To these are added the gifts of apostles, prophets, teachers, helps (connected to service of the poor and sick), and governments (or leadership ability) which are connected with certain offices in the Church. These gifts are given by the Holy Spirit to individuals, but their purpose is to build up the entire Church.[1] They are described in the New Testament, primarily in 1 Corinthians 12,[6] Romans 12,[7] and Ephesians 4.[8] 1 Peter 4[9] also touches on the spiritual gifts.[2] The gifts are related to both seemingly "natural" abilities and seemingly more "miraculous" abilities, empowered by the Holy Spirit.[5] The two major opposing theological positions on their nature is that they ceased long ago or that they continue (Cessationism versus Continuationism). ——————————————————————- Discernment of Spirits is a term used in Orthodox, Roman Catholic and Charismatic (Evangelist) Christian theology to indicate judging various spiritual agents for their moral influence. These agents are: from within the human soul itself, known as concupiscence Divine Grace Angels Devils The first and the last being evil, and the second and third good, the judgment required is to discern the cause of a given impulse. Although some people are regarded as having a special gift to perceive this by intuitive light, most people are regarded as needing study and reflection, and possibly the direction of others. This judgment can be made in two ways. The first is by a charism or spiritual gift divinely granted to certain individuals for the discerning of spirits by intuition (1 Corinthians 12:10). The second way to discern spirits is by reflection and theological study. This second method then is an acquired human knowledge; however, it is always gained "with the assistance of grace, by the reading of the Holy Bible, of works on theology and asceticism, of autobiographies, and the correspondence of the most distinguished ascetics". ——————————————————————- Word of Knowledge From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Redirected from Word of knowledge) Jump to navigationJump to search In Christianity, the word of knowledge is a spiritual gift listed in 1 Corinthians 12:8. It has been associated with the ability to teach the faith, but also with forms of revelation similar to prophecy. It is closely related to another spiritual gift, the word of wisdom. Description[edit] Throughout church history, this gift has often been viewed as a teaching gift and connected with being able to understand scriptural truth.[1] The Catholic Encyclopedia defines it as "the grace of propounding the Faith effectively, of bringing home to the minds and hearts of the listener with Divine persuasiveness, the hidden mysteries and the moral precepts of Christianity".[2] Among Pentecostal and some Charismatic Christians, the word of knowledge is often defined as the ability of one person to know what God is currently doing or intends to do in the life of another person. It can also be defined as knowing the secrets of another person's heart. Through this revelation, it is believed that God encourages the faith of the believer to receive the healing or comfort that God offers.[1] For example, in a public gathering, a person who claims to have the gift of knowledge may describe a medical problem (such as syphilis or trench foot) and ask anyone suffering from the described problem to identify themselves and receive an effective prayer for healing.[3] According to this definition, the word of knowledge is a form of revelation similar to prophecy or a type of discernment.[1] ——————————————————————- Word of wisdom From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to navigationJump to search For the LDS (Mormon) doctrine, see Word of Wisdom. In Christianity, the word of wisdom is a spiritual gift listed in 1 Corinthians 12:8. The function that this gift is given varies. Some Christians see in this gift a prophetic-like function. Others see in the word of wisdom a teaching function. This gift is closely related with the gift of the word of knowledge. Description[edit] Commentators have often placed this gift within the larger context of the biblical wisdom tradition, especially references to God’s secret wisdom in 1 Corinthians 2:6-10 and elsewhere in the letter. The secret wisdom pertains to the Gospel that Paul preached. This wisdom relates to that which God had previously hidden and destined for the glory of believers. It is a wisdom that speaks of those things that God has prepared for those who love him. These emphases from the broader context of the Corinthian letter could imply that the word of wisdom involves insight into God's plan of salvation and the proclamation of Christ crucified.[1][2][3] Commentators have noted both a prophetic and a teaching character to the word of wisdom. Among Charismatics, the gift is often defined as a revelation of the Holy Spirit that applies scriptural wisdom to a specific situation that a Christian community faces.[2] According to Pentecostal theologian Donald Gee, "One is deeply conscious that the supremely right thing has been said and the true course of action indicated. No further appeal is desired because the heart rests in a calm satisfaction that the will of God has been revealed".[4] Some commentators translate the term as "teaching of wisdom" and prefer to focus on the gift's function in teaching the truths of scripture.[2] The Catholic Encyclopedia defines it as "the grace of propounding the Faith effectively, of bringing home to the minds and hearts of the listener with Divine persuasiveness, the hidden mysteries and the moral precepts of Christianity".[3] Donald Gee writes: there ofttimes comes shining forth a revelation in words that make our hearts burn within us. Many of us have experienced the holy awe and the thrilling exaltation of spirit that accompanies a ministry of the spiritual gift of the word of wisdom on these lines. We have recognized once again 'not the words which man's wisdom teacheth, but which the Holy Ghost teacheth.' And with the recognition has come a deep thankfulness that these glorious ministrations of the Spirit are still active in the church.[5] ——————————————————————- ἀντιχαίρω (antikhaírō, “rejoice in turn”) ἐπῐχαίρω (epikhaírō, “rejoice over”) κᾰτᾰχαίρω (katakhaírō, “exult over”) περῐχαίρω (perikhaírō, “rejoice exceedingly”) προσχαίρω (proskhaírō, “rejoice at”) προχαίρω (prokhaírō, “rejoice beforehand”) συγχαίρω (sunkhaírō, “rejoice with”) ῠ̔περχαίρω (huperkhaírō, “rejoice exceedingly”) ῠ̔ποχαίρω (hupokhaírō, “rejoice secretly”) Other derivatives: ᾰ̓ποχαιρετίζω (apokhairetízō, “say farewell, take leave”) ἐπῐχαιράγαθος (epikhairágathos, “taking delight in what is good”) ἐπῐχαιρεκᾰκέω (epikhairekakéō, “rejoice at one's misfortune”) ἐπῐχαιρεκᾰκῐ́ᾱ f (epikhairekakíā, “joy over one's misfortune, spite”) ἐπῐχαιρέκᾰκος (epikhairékakos, “rejoicing over one's misfortune”) Χαιρέας m (Khairéas) χαιρέφῠλλον n (khairéphullon, “garden chervil, Anthriscus cerefolium”) Χαιρεφῶν m (Khairephôn) χαιρεκᾰκέω (khairekakéō, “ἐπιχαιρεκακέω, rejoice at another's misfortune”) χαιρεκᾰκῐ́ᾱ f (khairekakíā, “ἐπιχαιρεκακία, joy over one's misfortune, spite”) χαιρέκᾰκος (khairékakos, “ἐπιχαιρέκακος, rejoicing over one's misfortune”) χαιρέτισμα n (khairétisma, “greeting, salutation,”) χαιρετισμός m (khairetismós, “greeting, visit”) χαιρετιστῐκός (khairetistikós, adjective) χαιρετῐ́ζω (khairetízō, “greet, welcome someone”) χαιρητῐκός (khairētikós, “jovial, hilarious”) χαιροσύνη f (khairosúnē, “joy”) Χαιρώνεια f (Khairṓneia) Χαιρωνεύς (Khairōneús) ``` Related terms And their derived terms: -χᾰρής (-kharḗs) χᾰρᾱ́ f (kharā́, “joy”) χᾰ́ρῐς f (kháris, “elegance; influence”), εὐχᾰρῐστέω (eukharistéō, “thank”), χᾰριεντῐ́ζομαι (kharientízomai, “jest”) χᾰ́ρμᾰ n (khárma, “delight”) ``` απόλαυση f (apólafsi, “enjoyment, delight, pleasure”) ευτυχία f (eftychía, “happiness, contentment”) ευχαρίστηση f (efcharístisi, “pleasure, contentment”) ικανοποίηση f (ikanopoíisi, “contentment, satisfaction”) τέρψη f (térpsi, “delight, enjoyment, pleasure”) χαρά f (chará, “joy, exhilaration, delight”) Derived terms[edit] γεια χαρά (geia chará, “hi”) είμαι μια χαρά (eímai mia chará, “I am ok”) μες στην καλή χαρά (mes stin kalí chará) μες στην τρελή χαρά (mes stin trelí chará) μετά χαράς (metá charás, “gladly, with great pleasure”) μια χαρά και δυο τρομάρες (mia chará kai dyo tromáres) ολόχαρος (olócharos, “full of joy”) παιδική χαρά f (paidikí chará, “playground”) χαρά Θεού (chará Theoú, “sunny day”) χαράς ευαγγέλια (charás evangélia, “joyful news”) χαρά στο πράμα (chará sto práma) χαρούλα (charoúla) ——————————————————————-

Question 41

``` ἅγιος ἁγνός ἁγνότης άγαμος γάμος γαμέω ```

Answer 41

PURE - CHASTE - SAINTLY - NOT MARRIED - CELIBATE ἅγιος • (hágios) m (genitive ἁγίου); second declension (Koine, biblical) A Christian (Koine, Byzantine) a saint Adjective άγιος • (ágios) m (feminine αγία or άγια, neuter άγιο) holy, saintly Saint used in the names of churches and places → Άγιος (Ágios) address for priests (figuratively) a pious person Noun άγιος • (ágios) m (plural άγιοι, feminine αγία) (neuter: άγιο) saint Η γιαγιά μου διάβαζε βίους αγίων. I giagiá mou diávaze víous agíon. My grandmother used to read Lives of Saints. for names of Saints see → Άγιος (Ágios) (figuratively) person with a saint's characteristics (patience, love, piousness) Ο δάσκαλός μου είναι ένας άγιος. Πώς με αντέχει; Κάνω συνεχώς λάθη. O dáskalós mou eínai énas ágios. Pós me antéchei? Káno synechós láthi. My teacher is a saint. How does he put up with me? I keep making mistakes. ``` Adjective ἁγνός • (hagnós) m (feminine ἁγνή, neuter ἁγνόν); first/second declension pure, chaste holy, sacred purifying ``` From Proto-Indo-European *h₁yáǵ-nós from *h₁yaǵ- (“to sacrifice; to worship”) Noun ἁγνείᾱ • (hagneíā) f (genitive ἁγνείᾱς); first declension purity, chastity purification, cleansing From ἁγνός (hagnós, “pure, holy”). ``` Adjective ἅγιος • (hágios) m (feminine ἁγίᾱ, neuter ἅγιον); first/second declension devoted to the gods of things: sacred, holy of people: holy, pious, pure accursed ``` ``` English: hagio- From combining form of Ancient Greek ἅγιος (hágios, “holy, saintly”). Prefix hagio- saint. ``` Verb ἅζομαι • (házomai) (Epic) to dread, stand in awe of, reverence ``` Proto-Indo-European Root *h₁yaǵ- to sacrifice to worship ``` Adjective ϩⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ • (hagios) holy, sacred αγιοσύνη • (agiosýni) f (uncountable) holiness, saintliness, sanctity Prefix αγιο- • (agio-) added before a noun, adjective or verb to create words connected to saints: ‎αγιο- (agio-) + ‎γράφω (gráfo, “to write”) → ‎αγιογραφία (agiografía, “hagiography”) ‎αγιο- (agio-) + ‎-ποιώ (-poió, “verbal ending”) → ‎αγιοποιώ (agiopoió, “to sanctify, to make a saint”) added before a noun, adjective or verb to create words connected to churches and holiness: ‎αγιο- (agio-) + ‎κλήμα (klíma, “vine”) → ‎αγιόκλημα (agióklima, “honeysuckle”) ‎αγιο- (agio-) + ‎-ότητα (-ótita, “noun ending”) → ‎αγιότητα (agiótita, “holiness”) ‎αγιο- (agio-) + ‎πολίτης (polítis, “citizen”) → ‎αγιοπολίτης (agiopolítis, “resident of Jerusalem”) https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Category:Greek_words_prefixed_with_αγιο- αγία f (agía, “saint”) άγια (ágia, “well”, adverb) αγιάζω (agiázo, “to bless”) αγίασμα n (agíasma, “holy water”) άγιασμα n (ágiasma, “sanctification”) αγιασματάρι n (agiasmatári, “holy water stoup”) αγιασμός m (agiasmós, “blessing, holy water”) αγιαστούρα f (agiastoúra, “holy water sprinkler”) αγιογδύτης m (agiogdýtis, “church thief”) αγιογδύτισσα f (agiogdýtissa, “church thief”) αγιογράφηση f (agiográfisi, “church decoration”) αγιογραφία f (agiografía, “icon”) αγιογραφώ (agiografó, “to paint icons”) αγιόκλημα n (agióklima, “honeysuckle”) αγιοποιημένος (agiopoiiménos, “canonised”) αγιοσύνη f (agiosýni, “holiness”) αγιότητα f (agiótita, “holiness”) καθαγιάζω (kathagiázo) καθαγίαση f (kathagíasi) καθαγιασμός m (kathagiasmós) Παναγία f (Panagía), Παναγιά πανάγιος (panágios) Παναγιότατος (Panagiótatos) προηγιασμένος (proïgiasménos) τρισάγιος (triságios) χριστοπαναγία f (christopanagía) ``` Proto-Indo-Iranian Etymology From Proto-Indo-European *h₁yaǵ-. Verb *Hyáȷ́ati to worship, sacrifice ``` From Middle English sacrificen (verb) and sacrifice (noun), from Old French sacrifice, from Latin sacrificium (“sacrifice”), from sacrificō (“make or offer a sacrifice”), from sacer (“sacred, holy”) + faciō (“do, make”). sacrifice (third-person singular simple present sacrifices, present participle sacrificing, simple past and past participle sacrificed) (transitive, intransitive) To offer (something) as a gift to a deity. (transitive) To give away (something valuable) to get at least a possibility of gaining something else of value (such as self-respect, trust, love, freedom, prosperity), or to avoid an even greater loss. Venison has many advantages over meat from factory farms, although it still requires a hunter to sacrifice the life of a deer. (transitive) To trade (a value of higher worth) for something of lesser worth in order to gain something else valued more, such as an ally or business relationship, or to avoid an even greater loss; to sell without profit to gain something other than money. —————————————————- ``` Noun γιορτή • (giortí) f (plural γιορτές) celebration feast day, holy day holiday name day (in the plural) period between Christmas and Twelfth Night ``` ``` Noun ἑορτή • (heortḗ) f (genitive ἑορτῆς); first declension feast festival, holiday amusement, pastime (with or without τοῦ πάσχα) the Passover ``` γιορτάζω (giortázo, “to celebrate”) γιορτινός (giortinós, “festive”) εθνική γιορτή f (ethnikí giortí, “National day”) καλές γιορτές f pl (kalés giortés, “Happy Christmas”) Related terms[edit] εορτή f (eortí, “feast day”) εορτάζω (eortázo, “to celebrate”) εορτάσιμος (eortásimos, “festal, festive”) μεθεόρτια n pl (metheórtia, “aftermath”) προεόρτια n pl (proeórtia, “foremath”) Passover (plural Passovers) The seven-day (Reform Judaism) or eight-day (Orthodox and Conservative Judaism) Jewish festival of Pesach, commemorating the biblical story of the Exodus, during which the first-born sons of the Israelites were passed over while those of the Egyptians were killed. The one-day Biblical feast or festival (not a holy day) that begins at twilight on the fourteenth day of the first month (Nisan 14), which is then immediately followed by the seven-day Feast of Unleavened Bread (Nisan 15 to 21; the first and seventh days are holy days or annual Sabbaths). The Christian holy day generally falling on the first day of the Jewish Passover. Hebrew פֶּסַח : pesach. Exodus The departure of the Hebrew slaves from Egypt under the leadership of Moses. The second of the Books of Moses in the Old Testament of the Bible, the second book in the Torah describing the Exodus. Synonym: (abbreviation) Exod. ``` Exodus m (genitive Exodus) (religion) Exodus (second book of the Bible, following Genesis) ``` ``` Noun ἔξοδος • (éxodos) f (genitive ἐξόδου); second declension departure, leaving a way out, exit Antonym: εἴσοδος (eísodos) divorce end, close death ``` From ἐξ- (ex-, “out”) +‎ ὁδός (hodós, “path, road”). —————————————————- Noun γάμος • (gámos) m (plural γάμοι) marriage, wedding (ceremony) marriage (social institution) άγαμος (ágamos, “unmarried, celibate”) απειρόγαμος (apeirógamos, “unmarried”, adjective) γάμος ομοφυλοφίλων m (gámos omofylofílon, “same-sex marriage”) έγγαμος (éngamos, “married”) λευκός γάμος m (lefkós gámos, “white wedding”) του Κουτρούλη ο γάμος (tou Koutroúli o gámos, “pandemonium, mayhem”) γᾰ́μος • (gámos) m (genitive γᾰ́μου); second declension (Epic, Attic, Ionic, Koine) marriage, wedding, bridelock matrimony, the state of being married, wedlock From Proto-Indo-European *ǵem- (“to marry”). γαμέω • (gaméō) I marry (middle) I give myself in marriage (middle) I get a spouse for, I betroth (generally of parents for their children) From γάμος (gámos, “marriage, matrimony”) +‎ -έω (-éō, denominative verbal suffix). Noun γαμετή • (gametḗ) wife Noun γαμέτης • (gamétēs) husband Adjective γᾰμῐκός • (gamikós) m (feminine γᾰμῐκή, neuter γᾰμῐκόν); first/second declension of or for marriage, marital (of persons) of marriageable age γᾰ́μος (“a wedding”; “marriage”, “wedlock”) +‎ -ῐκός (“of or pertaining to”) ``` Noun γαμβρός • (gambrós) m (genitive γαμβροῦ); second declension son-in-law brother-in-law father-in-law bridegroom in general, any connection by marriage ``` Adjective έγγαμος • (éngamos) m (feminine έγγαμος or έγγαμη, neuter έγγαμο) married Adjective νυμφευμένος • (nymfevménos) m (feminine νυμφευμένη, neuter νυμφευμένο) married, wed Participle παντρεμένος • (pantreménos) m (feminine παντρεμένη, neuter παντρεμένο) married, wed παντρεμένος • (pantreménos) m (plural παντρεμένοι, feminine παντρεμένη) husband, spouse άνδρας m (ándras, “man, husband”) σύζυγος m or f (sýzygos, “spouse, wife, husband”) Inherited from Ancient Greek σύζυγος (súzugos, “mate, yoked together”), from συ(ν) (su(n), “together”) +‎ ζυγός (zugós, “yoke, pair”), from Proto-Indo-European *yewg- (“to join, tie together”). Noun[edit] σύζυγος • (sýzygos) m or f (plural σύζυγοι) yokefellow (close companion, co-worker, or mate) spouse (husband or wife) (in the plural) couple (husband and wife) ``` άνδρας m (ándras, “husband, man”) γυναίκα f (gynaíka, “wife, woman”) ζευγάρι n (zevgári, “couple”) παντρεμένη f (pantreméni, “married”) παντρεμένος m (pantreménos, “married”) συντρόφισσα f (syntrófissa, “partner, comrade”) σύντροφος m or f (sýntrofos, “partner, comrade”) ταίρι n (taíri, “partner”) ``` συζυγία f (syzygía, “conjugation”) συζυγικός (syzygikós, “conjugal, married”, adjective) συζώ (syzó, “to live together”) ``` Noun ζυγός • (zygós) m (plural ζυγοί) scales, balance yoke slavery κάτω από το ζυγό ― káto apó to zygó ― under the yoke rank or file (of soldiers) ``` ``` ζυγαριά f (zygariá, “scales, weighing machine”) ζύγι n (zýgi, “weight”) ζυγίζω (zygízo, “I weigh”) ζύγισμα n (zýgisma, “weighing”) Ζυγός m (Zygós, “Libra”) ``` ισοζύγιο n (isozýgio, “balance”) κάτω από το ζυγό (káto apó to zygó, “under the yoke”) μονόζυγο n (monózygo, “couple, pair”) πολύζυγο n (polýzygo, “coupled, paired”) συζυγία f (syzygía, “union, conjugation”) συζυγικός (syzygikós, “married”) ζεύγος n (zévgos, “pair to be joined”) ``` Verb ζεύγνῡμῐ • (zeúgnūmi) (active) To yoke, saddle, bridle a beast of burden (horses, cattle, mules; to get ready (a chariot) (middle) To have one's beasts yoked To fasten tightly To join or link together To join in wedlock (active or middle) To build a bridge from bank to bank To furnish ships with crossbenches To pair gladiators ``` Noun ζεῦγμα • (zeûgma) n (genitive ζεύγματος); third declension that which is used for joining, band, bond bridge of boats canal lock (rhetoric) zeugma From the root of ζεύγνῡμι (zeúgnūmi, “to join”) +‎ -μα (-ma). ———————————————————————- Related terms άγαμος (ágamos, “single, celibate”) and see: γάμος (gámos, “marriage”) Adjective άγαμος • (ágamos) m (feminine άγαμη, neuter άγαμο) celibate unmarried, single Synonyms: ανύπαντρος (anýpantros), ανύμφευτος (anýmfeftos), απάντρευτος (apántreftos) Antonym: έγγαμος (éngamos) bachelor Noun άγαμος • (ágamos) m (plural άγαμοι) celibate bachelor ———————————————————————- ``` Adjective ἁγνός • (hagnós) m (feminine ἁγνή, neuter ἁγνόν); first/second declension pure, chaste holy, sacred purifying ``` ἁγνότης • (hagnótēs) f (genitive ἁγνότητος); third declension purity, chastity

Question 42

ῐ̔ερός

Answer 42

SACRED - UNDER DIVINE PROTECTION - LEVI - COHEN ``` Adjective ῐ̔ερός • (hierós) m (feminine ῐ̔ερᾱ́, neuter ῐ̔ερόν); first/second declension connected with the gods, supernatural holy, sacred, consecrated under divine protection ``` Noun ῐ̔ερεύς • (hiereús) m (genitive ῐ̔ερέως); third declension priest, diviner, sacrificer From ῐ̔ερός (hierós, “holy”) +‎ -εύς (-eús, suffix for person concerned). ``` Ἱερᾱ́πολις (Hierā́polis) ῐ̔ερᾰ́ρχης (hierárkhēs) ἱεραρχίᾱ (hierarkhíā) ῐ̔ερεύς (hiereús) Ἱέριος (Hiérios) ἱεροβοτάνη (hierobotánē) ἱερόγλυφος (hierógluphos) ἱερόγλωσσος (hieróglōssos) ῑ̔ερόδουλος (hīeródoulos) Ἱερόθεος (Hierótheos) ἱεροκῆρῠξ (hierokêrux) Ῐ̔εροκλῆς (Hieroklês) ἱερομνήμων (hieromnḗmōn) ἱεροπομπός (hieropompós) Ῑ̔εροφῶν (Hīerophôn) Ἱερώνυμος (Hierṓnumos) ``` ῐ̔έρειᾰ f (hiéreia, “priestess”) Noun ιερέας • (ieréas) m or f (plural ιερείς, feminine ιέρεια) (religion) clergyman (any rank in the Orthodox Church) priest or minister (of any religion) From Ancient Greek ἱερεύς (hiereús, “priest; diviner; sacrificer”). priest (plural priests, feminine priestess) a religious clergyman (clergywoman, clergyperson) who is trained to perform services or sacrifices at a church or temple The priest at the Catholic church heard his confession. The Shinto priest burnt incense for his ancestors. The Israelite priests were descended from Moses' brother Aaron. a blunt tool, used for quickly stunning and killing fish (Mormonism) the highest office in the Aaronic priesthood kohen (plural kohens or kohanim) (Judaism) Alternative spelling of cohen cohen (plural cohens or cohanim) A Jewish priest: direct male descendant of the Biblical high priest Aaron, brother of Moses. Is anyone here a cohen or a levi? From Hebrew כוהן \ כֹּהֵן‎ (kohén, “cohen”). Noun כּוֹהֵן \ כֹּהֵן‎ • (kohén) m (plural indefinite כּוֹהֲנים \ כֹּהֲנִים‎, singular construct כּוֹהֵן־ \ כֹּהֵן־, plural construct כּוֹהֲנֵי־ \ כֹּהֲנֵי‎־‎, feminine counterpart כּוֹהֶנֶת \ כֹּהֶנֶת‎) A Jewish priest, a cohen or kohen: a patrilineal descendant of the Biblical Aaron. (by extension) The first aliyah, traditionally reserved for a cohen if one is present. ``` Aramaic Noun כַּהֲנָא • (kahǎnā) m (plural כַּהֲנַיָּא‎) (Judaism) cohen priest ``` ``` Ugaritic Etymology Compare Phoenician 𐤊𐤄𐤍‎ (khn), Hebrew כֹּהֵן‎ (kōhēn), Aramaic כָּהֲנָא‎ (kāhănā), Arabic كَاهِن‎ (kāhin). Noun[edit] 𐎋𐎅𐎐 • (khn /kāhinu/) priest ``` Phoenician Noun 𐤊𐤄𐤍 (khn /kōhen/) priest Arabic Derived from the active participle of كَهَنَ‎ (kahana, “to predict the future”), from the root ك ه ن‎ (k-h-n). Compare Hebrew כוהן‎ (kōhên). Noun كَاهِن • (kāhin) m (plural كَاهِنُونَ‎ (kāhinūna) or كُهَّان‎ (kuhhān) or كَهَنَة‎ (kahana), feminine كَاهِنَة‎ (kāhina)) diviner, soothsayer, prognosticator, fortuneteller, augur, forecaster Synonym: عَرَّاف‎ (ʿarrāf) (religion, Christianity) priest, father, chaplain, rector, prebend, clergyman, vicar, dominie, curate Synonyms: قِسِّيس‎ (qissīs), أَب‎ (ʾab) Noun كَهَنُوت • (kahanūt) m priesthood, service as a clergyman ``` Verb levi (present levas, past levis, future levos, conditional levus, volitive levu) to lift, to raise Leavened bread, yeast raised bread Elevated Elite ``` ``` Serbo-Croatian Adjective lȇvī (Cyrillic spelling ле̑вӣ) left left-wing (heraldry) sinister ``` ``` Latin: levō Verb levō (present infinitive levāre, perfect active levāvī, supine levātum); first conjugation I raise, elevate, lift up I make light, lighten Synonym: levigō I relieve, ease, comfort I mitigate, alleviate ``` Noun aliyah (plural aliyahs or aliyot or aliyoth or aliyos) (Judaism, countable) The calling up of someone to the bimah for the reading of the Torah. (uncountable) The immigration of Jews to Israel. (countable) One of the major waves of immigration of Jews to Israel. From Hebrew עלייה / עֲלִיָּה‎ (aliyá, “ascent”). aliyah (third-person singular simple present aliyahs, present participle aliyahing, simple past and past participle aliyahed) (intransitive, rare) To make aliyah, to immigrate to Israel. ``` Hebrew Etymology Root ע־ל־ה‎ The verbal noun of the verb עָלָה‎ (alá, “to rise”). Noun עלייה \ עֲלִיָּה • (aliyá) f ascent, ascending, going up rise. (Judaism) aliyah, the calling up of someone to the bimah for a the reading of the Torah immigration to the Land of Israel atrium (upper cavity of the heart) ```

Question 43

ποιότητα

Answer 43

QUALITY A quality is an attribute or a property characteristic of an object in philosophy. In contemporary philosophy the idea of qualities, and especially how to distinguish certain kinds of qualities from one another, remains controversial. ποιότητα • (poiótita) f (plural ποιότητες) quality, attribute (differentiating property) κακής ποιότητας ― kakís poiótitas ― shoddy, of poor quality From Ancient Greek ποιότης (poiótēs), equivalent to ποιός (poiós, “who”) +‎ -ότητα (-ótita, “-ity, -ness”). Noun ποιότης • (poiótēs) f (genitive ποιότητος); third declension quality From ποιός (poiós) +‎ -της (-tēs). Adjective ποιός • (poiós) m (feminine ποιᾱ́, neuter ποιόν); first/second declension Οf a certain nature, kind or quality Verb ποιώ • (poió) (past ποίησα, passive ποιούμαι, p‑past ποιήθηκα) (formal, dated) make, synonym of κάνω (káno), used mostly in compounds -ποιώ -ποιείο n (-poieío, “place where is something is made”) ποίημα n (poíima, “poem”) ποιηματάκι n (poiimatáki, “little poem”) (diminutive) ποίηση f (poíisi, “poetry”) & -ποίηση (-poíisi, “making of”) -ποιήσιμος (-poiísimos, “who is possible to be made”) ποιητής m (poiitís, “poet”) & -ποιητής (-poiitís, “maker of”), ποιήτρια f (poiítria, “poetess”) ποιητικός (poiitikós, “poetic”) & -ποιητικός (-poiitikós) ποιητικότητα f (poiitikótita, “poeticality”) -ποίητος (-poíitos, “made of”) -ποιία f (-poiía, “the making of”) -ποιός m or f (-poiós, “who makes”) also: αδερφοποιτός (aderfopoitós) Not related to ποιόν n (poión, “aspect”) or ποιότητα f (poiótita, “quality”) ποιον • (poion) (interrogative) Accusative singular masculine form of ποιος (poios, “who, whom”). Pronoun ποιος • (poios) m (feminine ποια, neuter ποιο) interrogative who Ποιος είναι ο επισκέπτης; Poios eínai o episképtis? Who is the caller? Ποιος; Poios? Who's that?, Who's there?, Who is it? which Ποιο βιβλίο θέλεις; Poio vivlío théleis? Which book do you want? (in accusative case) who, whom Σε ποιον το έδωσες; Se poion to édoses? To whom did you give it? (in genitive case) whose Ποιανού είναι η πετσέτα; Poianoú eínai i petséta? Whose is the towel? ``` See also που (pou) for the relative form of who: Ο Άνθρωπος που Γνώριζε Πολλά ― O Ánthropos pou Gnórize Pollá ― The Man Who Knew Too Much ``` ————————————————————- ποιότητα quality ιδιότητα capacity, property, quality, nature, faculty, rating ποιότης quality αρετή virtue, quality, virtuousness ιδιότης property, quality, attribute, peculiarity περιωπή eminence, quality

Question 44

ποσότητα

Answer 44

QUANTITY ποσότητα quantity ποσότης quantity ποσό amount, sum, quantity, merit

Question 45

ιδιοκτησία

Answer 45

PROPERTY ιδιοκτησία property, ownership, proprietorship ιδιότητα capacity, property, quality, nature, faculty, rating περιουσία estate, property, fortune, belongings, wealth, holding κυριότητα ownership, property, domain, domination, dominance ιδιότης property, quality, attribute, peculiarity κυριότης ownership, property In logic and philosophy (especially metaphysics), a property is a characteristic of an object; a red object is said to have the property of redness. The property may be considered a form of object in its own right, able to possess other properties. A property, however, differs from individual objects in that it may be instantiated, and often in more than one thing. It differs from the logical/mathematical concept of class by not having any concept of extensionality, and from the philosophical concept of class in that a property is considered to be distinct from the objects which possess it. Understanding how different individual entities (or particulars) can in some sense have some of the same properties is the basis of the problem of universals. The identity of indiscernibles is an ontological principle that states that there cannot be separate objects or entities that have all their properties in common. That is, entities x and y are identical if every predicate possessed by x is also possessed by y and vice versa. It states that no two distinct things (such as snowflakes) can be exactly alike, but this is intended as a metaphysical principle rather than one of natural science. A related principle is the indiscernibility of identicals, discussed below. Both identity and indiscernibility are expressed by the word "same".[4][5] Identity is about numerical sameness, it is expressed by the equality sign ("="). It is the relation each object bears only to itself.[6] Indiscernibility, on the other hand, concerns qualitative sameness: two objects are indiscernible if they have all their properties in common.[1] Formally, this can be expressed as " ∀F (Fx↔Fy) {\displaystyle \forall F(Fx\leftrightarrow Fy)}". The two senses of sameness are linked by two principles: the principle of indiscernibility of identicals and the principle of identity of indiscernibles. The principle of indiscernibility of identicals is uncontroversial and states that if two entities are identical with each other then they have the same properties.[5] The principle of identity of indiscernibles, on the other hand, is more controversial in making the converse claim that if two entities have the same properties then they must be identical. Intrinsic and extrinsic An intrinsic property is a property that an object or a thing has of itself, independently of other things, including its context. An extrinsic (or relational) property is a property that depends on a thing's relationship with other things. The latter is sometimes also called an attribute, since the value of that property is given to the object via its relation with another object. For example, mass is a physical intrinsic property of any physical object, whereas weight is an extrinsic property that varies depending on the strength of the gravitational field in which the respective object is placed. Other examples are the name of a person (an attribute given by the person's parents) and the weight or mass of the person. Essential and accidental In classical Aristotelian terminology, a property (Greek: idion, Latin: proprium) is one of the predicables. It is a non-essential quality of a species (like an accident), but a quality which is nevertheless characteristically present in members of that species. For example, "ability to laugh" may be considered a special characteristic of human beings. However, "laughter" is not an essential quality of the species human, whose Aristotelian definition of "rational animal" does not require laughter. Therefore, in the classical framework, properties are characteristic qualities that are not truly required for the continued existence of an entity but are, nevertheless, possessed by the entity. Determinate and determinable A property may be classified as either determinate or determinable. A determinable property is one that can get more specific. For example, color is a determinable property because it can be restricted to redness, blueness, etc.[12] A determinate property is one that cannot become more specific. This distinction may be useful in dealing with issues of identity Pure and impure[edit] Impure properties are properties that, unlike pure properties, involve reference to a particular substance in their definition.[14] So, for example, being a wife is a pure property while being the wife of Socrates is an impure property due to the reference to the particular "Socrates".[15] Sometimes, the terms qualitative and non-qualitative are used instead of pure and impure.[16] Most but not all impure properties are extrinsic properties. This distinction is relevant for the principle of identity of indiscernibles, which states that two things are identical if they are indiscernible, i.e. if they share all their properties.[14] This principle is usually defined in terms of pure properties only. The reason for this is that impure properties are not relevant for similarity or discernibility but taking them into consideration nonetheless would result in the principle being trivially true.[14] Another application of this distinction concerns the problem of duplication, for example, in the Twin Earth thought experiment. It is usually held that duplication only involves qualitative identity but perfect duplicates can still differ concerning their non-qualitative or impure properties.[16] Lovely and suspect[edit] Daniel Dennett distinguishes between lovely properties (such as loveliness itself), which, although they require an observer to be recognised, exist latently in perceivable objects; and suspect properties which have no existence at all until attributed by an observer (such as being suspected of a crime).[17] Properties and predicates[edit] The ontological fact that something has a property is typically represented in language by applying a predicate to a subject. However, taking any grammatical predicate whatsoever to be a property, or to have a corresponding property, leads to certain difficulties, such as Russell's paradox and the Grelling–Nelson paradox. Moreover, a real property can imply a host of true predicates: for instance, if X has the property of weighing more than 2 kilos, then the predicates "..weighs more than 1.9 kilos", "..weighs more than 1.8 kilos", etc., are all true of it. Other predicates, such as "is an individual", or "has some properties" are uninformative or vacuous. There is some resistance to regarding such so-called "Cambridge properties" as legitimate.[18] These properties in the widest sense are sometimes referred to as abundant properties. They are contrasted with sparse properties, which include only properties "responsible for the objective resemblances and causal powers of things".[19] Role in similarity[edit] The traditional conception of similarity holds that properties are responsible for similarity: two objects are similar because they have a property in common. The more properties they share, the more similar they are. They resemble each other exactly if they share all their properties.[20][21] For this conception of similarity to work, it is important that only properties relevant to resemblance are taken into account, sometimes referred to as sparse properties in contrast to abundant properties.[22][19] Relations[edit] Main article: Relation (philosophy) The distinction between properties and relations can hardly be given in terms that do not ultimately presuppose it.[23] Relations are true of several particulars, or shared amongst them. Thus the relation "... is taller than ..." holds "between" two individuals, who would occupy the two ellipses ('...'). Relations can be expressed by N-place predicates, where N is greater than 1. Relations should be distinguished from relational properties. For example, marriage is a relation since it is between two people, but being married to X is a relational property had by a certain person since it concerns only one person.[23] There are at least some apparent relational properties which are merely derived from non-relational (or 1-place) properties. For instance "A is heavier than B" is a relational predicate, but it is derived from the two non relational properties: the mass of A and the mass of B. Such relations are called external relations, as opposed to the more genuine internal relations.[24] Some philosophers believe that all relations are external, leading to a scepticism about relations in general, on the basis that external relations have no fundamental existence.[citation needed]

Question 47

χρησμός

Answer 47

ORACLE χρησμός • (khrēsmós) m (genitive χρησμοῦ); second declension oracle, prophecy From the root of χράω (khráō, “to declare”). Verb χράω • (khráō) (with dative of person) to fall upon, attack, assail (with dative of object) to inflict upon a person (with infinitive) to be bent on doing, to be eager to do χράω • (khráō) (active, of the gods and their oracles) to furnish the needful answer, to declare, pronounce, proclaim (passive) to be declared, proclaimed, delivered (middle, of the person to whom the response is given) to consult a god or oracle, to inquire of a god or oracle, consult them (of applicants seeking something of the great king) (in perfect passive) to receive an oracular response to furnish with a thing (deponent) to use to bring into action some feeling, faculty, passion, state of mind; to exercise, indulge (of external things) to experience, be subject to (paraphrases the verb cognate to its dative) (with duplicate dative) to use as such and such to use for an end or purpose (of persons, with an adverb of manner) to treat them in such a manner to be intimate with, to deal with, make use of, employ (especially of sexual intercourse) to make use of oneself or one's powers (absolute or with an adverb) to be wont to do (with accusative of object) (perfect with a present sense) to be in need or want of, to yearn after (perfect as a strengthened present) to have in use, to have, possess (aorist passive) Verb χρῄζω • (khrḗizō) (with genitive) need, lack, desire to prophecy, foretell ``` Adjective χρηστός • (khrēstós) m (feminine χρηστή, neuter χρηστόν); first/second declension good, useful (Koine) kind, gracious (Koine) easy, manageable ``` From Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰer- (“to yearn for”) Verb χρειάζομαι • (chreiázomai) deponent (past χρειάστηκα) need, require 3rd persons singular are impersonal e.g. χρειάζεται: it is needed χρειαζούμενος (chreiazoúmenos, “needed, necessary”) ``` Noun χρείᾱ • (khreíā) f (genitive χρείᾱς); first declension need, want, necessity want, poverty business, purpose (especially military purpose) employment, function use use, advantage, service familiarity, intimacy maxim ``` From χρή (khrḗ, “it is necessary”) ``` Verb χρή • (khrḗ) (impersonal, expressing necessity) (“have to, ought, should”) with accusative of person and present or aorist infinitive. ``` Verb χρᾰ́ομαι • (khráomai) (in perfect, κέχρημαι, with present sense) desire, yearn after [+genitive = something, someone] to need, lack [+genitive = something] (in perfect and pluperfect) to enjoy a benefit, have [+dative = something] (in present or perfect, mainly after Homer) to use, make use of, take part in, manage, administer, etc. [+dative = something] to experience, suffer, be subject to, feel with verbal nouns, periphrasis for the verb related to the noun to use [+dative and dative = something for something] to deal with to treat [+dative = someone] in a particular way χρή (khrḗ) +‎ -άω (-áō) ``` Noun χρῆμᾰ • (khrêma) n (genitive χρήμᾰτος); third declension need; a thing that one needs or uses goods, property money thing, matter, affair ``` Formed from the base of χράομαι (khráomai, “want, need”) +‎ -μα (-ma). Verb χρηματίζω • (chrimatízo) (past χρημάτισα, passive χρηματίζομαι) (intransitive) be, occupy a place as public official (usually not used in present tense) (transitive) bribe Noun χρηματισμός • (chrimatismós) m bribing (action or outcome of bribe) Noun ἀχρημᾰτίᾱ • (akhrēmatíā) f (genitive ἀχρημᾰτίᾱς); first declension moneylessness, poverty ἀ- (a-) +‎ χρῆμα (khrêma) +‎ -ίᾱ (-íā) Translations of money χρήματα money, funds, monies, currency, dough, kale χρήμα money, cabbage λεφτά money παραδάκι money παράς lucre, money χρήματα • (chrímata) n nominative/accusative/vocative plural of χρήμα (chríma) money (means of exchange and measure of value) a sum of money Adjective χρήσιμος • (chrísimos) m (feminine χρήσιμη, neuter χρήσιμο) useful χρησιμοποιώ (chrisimopoió, “to use”) χρησιμότητα (chrisimótita, “utility, usefulness”) Verb χρησιμοποιώ • (chrisimopoió) (past χρησιμοποίησα, passive χρησιμοποιούμαι, p‑past χρησιμοποιήθηκα, ppp χρησιμοποιημένος) use, employ, put to use, utilise employ (someone) From χρήσιμ(ος) (chrísim(os), “useful”) +‎ -ο- +‎ -ποιώ (-poió, “make”) from the ancient ποιέω (poiéō)/ποιῶ. A free translation of French utiliser. αχρησιμοποίητος (achrisimopoíitos, “unused”) άχρηστος (áchristos, “useless”) ιδιοχρησιμοποίηση f (idiochrisimopoíisi, “usage by the owner”) (law) πρωτοχρησιμοποιώ (protochrisimopoió, “use for the first time”) χρησιμεύω (chrisimévo, “I am useful”) χρησιμοποίηση f (chrisimopoíisi, “using, usage”) χρησιμοποιήσιμος (chrisimopoiísimos, “usable”) and see: χρήση f (chrísi, “use, usage”), χρεία f (khreía) and the ancient χρή (khrḗ) Suffix -ποιώ • (-poió) A verbal suffix indicating the production of an action or characteristic: -ise, -ify ‎Αγγλία (Anglía, “England”) + ‎-ποιώ (-poió) → ‎αγγλοποιώ (anglopoió, “to anglicise”) ‎άγιος (ágios, “saint”) + ‎-ποιώ (-poió) → ‎αγιοποιώ (agiopoió, “to sanctify”) From the Ancient Greek -ποιῶ (-poiô), verb ποιῶ (poiô), ποιέω (poiéō, “to do, to make”). Suffix -ποίηση • (-poíisi) n -ization, -ing (suffix forming nouns denoting a process or its result) ‎ειδοποιώ (eidopoió, “notify”) + ‎-ποίηση (-poíisi) → ‎ειδοποίηση (eidopoíisi, “notification”) ‎τέκνο (tékno, “offspring”) + ‎-ποίηση (-poíisi) → ‎τεκνοποίηση (teknopoíisi, “bearing children”) ‎παγκόσμιος (pagkósmios, “global”) + ‎-ποίηση (-poíisi) → ‎παγκοσμιοποίηση (pagkosmiopoíisi, “globalisation”) ποιώ (-poió, “make, create”) ————————————————— An oracle is a person or agency considered to provide wise and insightful counsel or prophetic predictions, most notably including precognition of the future, inspired by deities. As such, it is a form of divination. —————————————————— μαντείο oracle χρησμός oracle χρησμός μαντείου oracle The word oracle comes from the Latin verb ōrāre, "to speak" and properly refers to the priest or priestess uttering the prediction. In extended use, oracle may also refer to the site of the oracle, and to the oracular utterances themselves, called khrēsmē 'tresme' (χρησμοί) in Greek. Oracles were thought to be portals through which the gods spoke directly to people. In this sense they were different from seers (manteis, μάντεις) who interpreted signs sent by the gods through bird signs, animal entrails, and other various methods.[1] The most important oracles of Greek antiquity were Pythia (priestess to Apollo at Delphi), and the oracle of Dione and Zeus at Dodona in Epirus. Other oracles of Apollo were located at Didyma and Mallus on the coast of Anatolia, at Corinth and Bassae in the Peloponnese, and at the islands of Delos and Aegina in the Aegean Sea. The Sibylline Oracles are a collection of oracular utterances written in Greek hexameters ascribed to the Sibyls, prophetesses who uttered divine revelations in frenzied states. Walter Burkert observes that "Frenzied women from whose lips the God speaks" are recorded in the Near East as in Mari in the second millennium BC and in Assyria in the first millennium BC.[2] In Egypt the goddess Wadjet (eye of the moon) was depicted as a snake-headed woman or a woman with two snake-heads. Her oracle was in the renowned temple in Per-Wadjet (Greek name Buto). The oracle of Wadjet may have been the source for the oracular tradition which spread from Egypt to Greece.[3] Evans linked Wadjet with the "Minoan Snake Goddess".[4] At the oracle of Dodona she is called Diōnē (the feminine form of Diós, genitive of Zeus; or of dīos, "godly", literally "heavenly"), who represents the earth-fertile soil, probably the chief female goddess of the proto-Indo-European pantheon[citation needed]. Python, daughter (or son) of Gaia was the earth dragon of Delphi represented as a serpent and became the chthonic deity, enemy of Apollo, who slew her and possessed the oracle.

Question 48

μάντης - Μαντείο

Answer 48

SOOTHSAYER Μαντείο The oracle , during classical antiquity , was the official, religious institution in a specific place, which inspired wise advice, gave oracles , or predicted the future as an intermediary with the gods . Oracles were seen as portals through which the gods addressed people directly and in this sense differed from diviners who interpreted the signs of the gods through observation of the behavior of birds, animal entrails or other methods. oracle (n.) late 14c., "a message from a god expressed by divine inspiration through a priest or priestess," in answer to a human inquiry, usually respecting some future event, from Old French oracle "temple, house of prayer; oracle" (12c.) and directly from Latin oraculum, oraclum "divine announcement, oracle; place where oracles are given," from ōrare "to pray to, plead to, beseech" (see orator), with material instrumental suffix -culo-. In antiquity, "the agency or medium of a god," also "the place where such divine utterances were given." This last sense is attested in English from early 15c. Extended sense of "uncommonly wise person" is from 1590s. orator (n.) late 14c., oratour, "an eloquent or skilled speaker; one who pleads or argues for a cause," from Anglo-French oratour (Modern French orateur) and directly from Latin orator "speaker," from ōrare "to speak, speak before a court or assembly, pray to, plead." This is sometimes said to be from PIE root *or- "to pronounce a ritual formula" (source also of Sanskrit aryanti "they praise," Homeric Greek are, Attic ara "prayer," Hittite ariya- "to ask the oracle," aruwai- "to revere, worship"). But according to de Vaan, the Latin word is rather from Proto-Italic *ōs- "mouth," from PIE *os- "mouth" (see oral). He writes: The chronology of the attestations shows that 'to plead, speak openly' is the original meaning of orare .... The alternative etymology ... seems very unlikely to me: a connection with Skt. a-aryanti 'they acknowledge' and Ru. orat' 'to shout', since nothing suggests a meaning 'to shout' for the Latin verb, nor does it seem onomatopoeic. The general meaning "public speaker," is attested from early 15c. Fem. forms were oratrice (early 15c., from Anglo-French); oratrix (mid-15c., from Latin); oratress (1580s). oral (adj.) 1620s, "uttered by the mouth or in words;" 1650s, "of or pertaining to the mouth," from Late Latin oralis, from Latin os (genitive oris) "mouth, opening, face, entrance," from PIE *os- "mouth" (source also of Sanskrit asan "mouth," asyam "mouth, opening," Avestan ah-, Hittite aish, Middle Irish a "mouth," Old Norse oss "mouth of a river," Old English or "beginning, origin, front"). Os was the usual word for "mouth" in Latin, but as the vowel distinction was lost it became similar in sound to os "bone" (see osseous). Thus bucca, originally "cheek" but used colloquially as "mouth," became the usual word for "mouth" (see bouche). The psychological meaning "of the mouth as the focus of infantile sexual energy" (as in oral fixation) is attested from 1910. The sex-act sense is first recorded 1948, in Kinsey. As a noun, "oral examination," attested from 1876. Related: Orally (c. 1600); orality. -mancy word-forming element of Greek origin meaning "divination by means of," from Old French -mancie, from Late Latin -mantia, from Greek manteia "oracle, divination," from mantis "one who divines, a seer, prophet; one touched by divine madness," from mainesthai "be inspired," which is related to menos "passion, spirit" (from PIE *mnyo-, suffixed form of root *men- (1) "to think," with derivatives referring to qualities and states of mind or thought). Compare mania. mania (n.) late 14c., "mental derangement characterized by excitement and delusion," from Late Latin mania "insanity, madness," from Greek mania "madness, frenzy; enthusiasm, inspired frenzy; mad passion, fury," related to mainesthai "to rage, go mad," mantis "seer," menos "passion, spirit," all of uncertain origin, perhaps from PIE *mnyo-, suffixed form of root *men- (1) "to think," with derivatives referring to qualities and states of mind or thought. *men- (1) Proto-Indo-European root meaning "to think," with derivatives referring to qualities and states of mind or thought. It forms all or part of: admonish; Ahura Mazda; ament; amentia; amnesia; amnesty; anamnesis; anamnestic; automatic; automaton; balletomane; comment; compos mentis; dement; demonstrate; Eumenides; idiomatic; maenad; -mancy; mandarin; mania; maniac; manic; mantic; mantis; mantra; memento; mens rea; mental; mention; mentor; mind; Minerva; minnesinger; mnemonic; Mnemosyne; money; monition; monitor; monster; monument; mosaic; Muse; museum; music; muster; premonition; reminiscence; reminiscent; summon. It is the hypothetical source of/evidence for its existence is provided by: Sanskrit manas- "mind, spirit," matih "thought," munih "sage, seer;" Avestan manah- "mind, spirit;" Greek memona "I yearn," mania "madness," mantis "one who divines, prophet, seer;" Latin mens "mind, understanding, reason," memini "I remember," mentio "remembrance;" Lithuanian mintis "thought, idea," Old Church Slavonic mineti "to believe, think," Russian pamjat "memory;" Gothic gamunds, Old English gemynd "memory, remembrance; conscious mind, intellect." cleromancy (n.) "divination by throwing dice," c. 1600, from French cléromancie, from Latinized form of Greek klēros "lot" (see clerk (n.)) + manteia "oracle, divination" (see -mancy). clerk (n.) c. 1200, "man ordained in the ministry, a priest, an ecclesiastic," from Old English cleric and Old French clerc "clergyman, priest; scholar, student," both from Church Latin clericus "a priest," noun use of adjective meaning "priestly, belonging to the clerus" (see cleric). Modern bureaucratic usage is a reminder of the time when clergy alone could read and write and were employed as scribes and account-keepers by secular authorities. In late Old English the word also can mean "king's scribe; keeper of accounts." And by c. 1200 clerk took on a secondary sense in Middle English (as the cognate word did in Old French) of "man of letters, anyone who can read or write." This led to the senses "assistant in a public or private business" (c. 1500), originally a keeper of accounts, also "officer of a court, municipality, etc. whose duty it is to keep its records and perform its routine business" (1520s), and later, especially in American English, "a retail salesman" (1790). Meaning "an employee who registers guests in a hotel" is by 1879. cleric (n.) "a clergyman," 1620s (also in early use as an adjective), from Church Latin clericus "clergyman, priest," noun use of adjective meaning "priestly, belonging to the clerus;" from Ecclesiastical Greek klērikos "pertaining to an inheritance," but in Greek Christian jargon by 2c., "of the clergy, belonging to the clergy," as opposed to the laity; from klēros "a lot, allotment; piece of land; heritage, inheritance," originally "a shard or wood chip used in casting lots," related to klan "to break" (see clastic). Klēros was used by early Greek Christians for matters relating to ministry, based on Deuteronomy xviii.2 reference to Levites as temple assistants: "Therefore shall they have no inheritance among their brethren: the Lord is their inheritance" (klēros being used as a translation of Hebrew nahalah "inheritance, lot"). Or else it is from the use of the word in Acts i:17. A word taken up in English after clerk (n.) shifted to its modern meaning. ``` Proto-Indo-European Root *men- to think, mind spiritual activity ``` Cognates: Ancient Greek: μιμνῄσκω (mimnḗiskō) ``` From Byzantine Greek μάντης, from Ancient Greek μάντις (mántis, “oracle”). Pronunciation[edit] IPA(key): /ˈman.dis/ Hyphenation: μά‧ντης Noun[edit] μάντης • (mántis) m (plural μάντεις) oracle, prophet, soothsayer, seer clairvoyant, fortune teller ``` Declension declension of μάντης Related terms[edit] αμάντευτος (amánteftos, “unguessed”) ιερομάντης (ieromántis) ιερομαντία (ieromantía) μαντεία f (manteía, “divination”) & compounds -μαντεία μαντείο n (manteío, “oracle”) μάντεμα n (mántema, “divination; guessing”) μαντεψιά f (mantepsiá, “random guessing”) παραμάντεμα n (paramántema, “riddle”) (vernacular) προμαντεύω (promantévo, “foretell”) Probably related to μαίνομαι (maínomai, “I am mad, raving”), in any case from Proto-Indo-European *men- (“mind, to think”). Verb μαίνομαι • (maínomai) I am mad, angry, I rage I am mad, raving, out of my mind μᾰνῐ́ᾱ • (maníā) f (genitive μᾰνῐ́ᾱς); first declension madness, frenzy, enthusiasm mad desire, compulsion μανία • (manía) f (plural μανίες) mania rage, frenzy obsession μαίνομαι • (maínomai) deponent found only in the present and imperfect tenses rage (act in an angry or mad manner) Noun μῆνῐς • (mênis) f (genitive μήνῐος or μήνῐδος); third declension rage, wrath, mostly of the wrath of the gods. The etymology is uncertain. The long vowel makes it unlikely that μῆνις is from same the proto-Indo-European root *men- that leads to words like μανία. Cf. Sanskrit मेनि (mení, “wrath, revenge, vengeance”), Sanskrit मन्यु (manyú, “anger, sorrow, spirit”), Albanian mëni, mëri (anger, sorrow). Alternately, following Beekes, a religious Pre-Greek word. From μέγας (mégas, “big, large”) +‎ μαίνομαι (maínomai, “to be mad, angry”) +‎ -ής (-ḗs). Adjective μεγᾰλομᾰνής • (megalomanḗs) m or f (neuter μεγᾰλομᾰνές); third declension very frantic —————————————— Etymology From Proto-Indo-European *mi-mn̥h₂-sḱe-, from the root *men- with inchoative suffix -σκω (-skō). Cognates include μνάομαι (mnáomai, “to be mindful”), Sanskrit अम्नासिषु (amnāsiṣu), मम्नौ (mamnau, “remember, repeat in the mind”, perfect). Verb μῐμνήσκω • (mimnḗskō) (active) (transitive) To remind [+accusative and genitive = someone of something], put in mind (transitive) To recall something to memory, to make famous (middle and passive voices) (transitive) To call to mind, remember [+genitive or less commonly accusative = something, someone] To remember [+infinitive = that ...] (after Homer) To remember [+participle = doing] (intransitive) To bear in mind, to not forget (transitive) To remember aloud, to mention [+genitive = something] (transitive) To give heed to [+genitive = someone]

Question 49

``` ἀχρημᾰτης ἀχρημᾰτίᾱ άπορος πένης πτωχός ```

Answer 49

A PAUPER - ONE WHO IS POOR Noun ἀχρημᾰτίᾱ • (akhrēmatíā) f (genitive ἀχρημᾰτίᾱς); first declension moneylessness, poverty ἀ- (a-) +‎ χρῆμα (khrêma) +‎ -ίᾱ (-íā) Translations of money χρήματα money, funds, monies, currency, dough, kale χρήμα money, cabbage λεφτά money παραδάκι money παράς lucre, money χρήματα • (chrímata) n nominative/accusative/vocative plural of χρήμα (chríma) money (means of exchange and measure of value) a sum of money Translations of pauper Adjective άπορος destitute, needy, pauper, indigent, impecunious, resourceless Noun πένης pauper Adjective ἄπορος • (áporos) m or f (neuter ἄπορον); second declension without passage, impassable, having no way through hard, difficult (of people) hard to deal with, unmanageable not knowing what to do, at a loss poor, needy From ἀ- (a-, “not”) +‎ πόρος (póros, “passage”). Noun πόρος • (póros) m (genitive πόρου); second declension a means of passage, passageway, way, opening especially passage over a body of water: ford, strait, ferry, bridge a pore on the skin a means to an end (biology) fiber, filament, thread journey Related to πείρω (peírō, “to pierce, to run through”) or περάω (peráō, “to drive right through”), from πέρα (péra). Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *per-. πόρος • (póros) m (plural πόροι) (anatomy) pore, duct Ο ιδρώτας έτρεχε από κάθε πόρο του δέρματος μας. O idrótas étreche apó káthe póro tou dérmatos mas. Sweat ran from every pore of our skin. (plural) resources, (financial) means φυσικοί πόροι ― fysikoí póroi ― natural resources πόροι (póroi, “public revenues”) ``` Noun πόροι • (póroi) m the public revenues Nominative plural form of πόρος (póros). Vocative plural form of πόρος (póros). ``` Noun ἔμπορος • (émporos) m (genitive ἐμπόρου); second declension (Epic, Attic, Koine) one who is on a journey: wayfarer, traveller merchant, trader Noun ἐμπορίᾱ • (emporíā) f (genitive ἐμπορίᾱς); first declension trade, commerce a business Noun εμπορία • (emporía) f (uncountable) trade, trading trafficking Noun εμπόριο • (empório) n (uncountable) trade trafficking αντιεμπορικός (antiemporikós, “uncommercial”, adjective) εμποράκος m (emporákos, “small trader”) εμπορείο n (emporeío, “trading centre”) εμπόρευμα n (empórevma, “commodity”) εμπορευματοκιβώτιο n (emporevmatokivótio, “cargo container”) εμπορευματοποίηση f (emporevmatopoíisi, “commercialisation”) εμπορεύομαι (emporévomai, “to trade”) εμπορεύσιμος (emporéfsimos, “marketable”) εμπορία f (emporía, “trading”) εμπορικό n (emporikó, “shop, haberdasher's”) εμπορικό κέντρο n (emporikó kéntro, “shopping centre”) εμπορικός (emporikós, “commercial, trade”, adjective) εμπορικότητα f (emporikótita, “marketability”) εμποριολογία f (emporiología, “commerce”) εμπόρισσα f (empórissa, “merchant, trader”) εμπορομεσίτης m (emporomesítis, “commercial broker”) εμπορομεσίτης m (emporomesítis, “commercial broker”) εμποροπανήγυρη f (emporopanígyri, “trade fair”) εμποροπλοίαρχος m (emporoploíarchos, “merchant trader”) έμπορος m (émporos, “merchant, trader, dealer”) εμποροϋπάλληλος m or f (emporoÿpállilos, “shop assistant”) λαθρέμπορος m (lathrémporos, “smuggler”) λιανεμπόριο n (lianempório, “retail outlet”) παραεμπόριο n (paraempório, “illegal trading”) χονδρεμπόριο n (chondrempório, “wholesale outlet”) έμπορος • (émporos) m or f (plural έμποροι) merchant, trader, dealer trafficker εμπορικό • (emporikó) n (plural εμπορικά) shop, store (especially fabrics, fashions and fancy goods) haberdashery shop Noun εμπορείο • (emporeío) n (plural εμπορεία) (dated) trading centre (especially a port) (dated) trading post Noun μαγαζί • (magazí) n (plural μαγαζιά) shop, store, retail outlet office (for contact with business etc) εμπορείο n (emporeío, “trading centre, trading post”) περίπτερο n (períptero, “kiosk”) έκθεση f (ékthesi, “showroom, exhibition”) καταστηματάρχης • (katastimatárchis) m (plural καταστηματάρχες, feminine καταστηματάρχισσα) shopkeeper κατάστημα • (katástima) n (plural καταστήματα) (formal): shop, store office (for contact with business etc) (shop) : εμπορικό n (emporikó) (shop) : μαγαζί n (magazí) (office) : γραφείο n (grafeío) Noun πένης • (pénēs) m (genitive πένητος); third declension labourer, workman poor man, pauper ``` πένης, ητος, ὁ Part of Speech: Noun, Masculine Transliteration: penés Phonetic Spelling: (pen'-ace) Definition: one who works for his living Usage: one who works for his living; a laborer, poor man. ``` 2 Corinthians 9:9 N-DMP GRK: ἔδωκεν τοῖς πένησιν ἡ δικαιοσύνη NAS: ABROAD, HE GAVE TO THE POOR, HIS RIGHTEOUSNESS KJV: he hath given to the poor: his INT: he gave to the poor the righteousness from penomai (to work for one's daily bread) poor. From a primary peno (to toil for daily subsistence); starving, i.e. Indigent -- poor. Compare ptochos. πτωχός, ή, όν Part of Speech: Adjective Transliteration: ptóchos Phonetic Spelling: (pto-khos') Definition: (of one who crouches and cowers, hence) beggarly, poor Usage: poor, destitute, spiritually poor, either in a good sense (humble devout persons) or bad. HELPS Word-studies 4434 ptōxós (from ptōssō, "to crouch or cower like a beggar") – properly, bent over; (figuratively) deeply destitute, completely lacking resources (earthly wealth) – i.e. helpless as a beggar. 4434 (ptōxós) relates to "the pauper rather than the mere peasant, the extreme opposite of the rich" (WP, 1, 371). in classical Greek from Homer down, reduced to beggary, begging, mendicant, asking alms: universally, lacking in anything, with a dative of the respect: τῷ πνεύματι, as respects their spirit, i. e. destitute of the wealth of learning and intellectual culture which the schools afford (men of this class most readily gave themselves up to Christ's teaching and proved themselves fitted to lay hold of the heavenly treasure, Matthew 11:25; John 9:39; 1 Corinthians 1:26, 27; (others make the idea more inward and ethical: 'conscious of their spiritual need') ``` beggar, poor. From ptosso (to crouch); akin to ptoeo and the alternate of pipto); a beggar (as cringing), i.e. Pauper (strictly denoting absolute or public mendicancy, although also used in a qualified or relative sense; whereas penes properly means only straitened circumstances in private), literally (often as noun) or figuratively (distressed) -- beggar(-ly), poor. ``` see GREEK ptoeo see GREEK pipto see GREEK penes ``` πίπτω Part of Speech: Verb Transliteration: piptó Phonetic Spelling: (pip'-to) Definition: to fall Usage: I fall, fall under (as under condemnation), fall prostrate. ``` ``` πτοέω Part of Speech: Verb Transliteration: ptoeó Phonetic Spelling: (pto-eh'-o) Definition: to terrify Usage: I terrify, scare, strike with panic. HELPS Word-studies 4422 ptoéō (from the root meaning, "fly") – properly, flutter; (figuratively) terrify, like when someone "flies off" into unrealistic, irrational behavior. ``` 4422 /ptoéō ("terrified") means to be provoked by agitating fears, causing someone to become "psychologically detached from reality." [4422 (ptoéō) in ancient Greek meant "to alarm, be startled, terrified" (BAGD).] Adjective πτωχός • (ptōkhós) m (feminine πτωχή, neuter πτωχόν); first/second declension poor, beggarly Synonym: πένης (pénēs) Noun πτωχός • (ptōkhós) m (genitive πτωχοῦ); second declension beggar; one who crouches and cringes Noun πτώξ • (ptṓx) m (genitive πτωκός); third declension cowering animal, hare Synonyms: δᾰσῠ́πους (dasúpous), λᾰγώς (lagṓs) (figuratively) coward Backformation from πτώσσω (ptṓssō, “to cower, crouch, cringe”). ``` Verb πτήσσω • (ptḗssō) (causal) to scare, alarm, terrify (intransitive) to crouch or cower for fear (of men in ambush) to crouch ``` Verb πτοέω • (ptoéō) to terrify, scare, dismay (figuratively) to flutter, excite by any passion See also πτήσσω (ptḗssō, “to duck, crouch”). Latin: paveō Verb paveō (present infinitive pavēre, perfect active pāvī); second conjugation, no supine stem (intransitive) I am struck with fear, I am afraid or terrified; tremble or quake with fear. (transitive) I fear, dread or am terrified by. Conjugation Verb pavēscō (present infinitive pavēscere); third conjugation, no perfect or supine stem I become alarmed or afraid (transitive) I fear, I dread νήπιος, α, ον Part of Speech: Adjective Transliteration: népios Phonetic Spelling: (nay'-pee-os) Definition: an infant, a simple-minded or immature person Usage: unlearned, unenlightened; noun: an infant, child. metaphorically, childish, untaught, unskilled an infant, child From an obsolete particle ne- (implying negation) and epos; not speaking, i.e. An infant (minor); figuratively, a simple-minded person, an immature Christian -- babe, child (+ -ish). see GREEK epos ``` ἔπος, ους, τό Part of Speech: Noun, Neuter Transliteration: epos Phonetic Spelling: (ep'-os) Definition: a word Usage: a word, so to speak. NAS Exhaustive Concordance Word Origin akin to eipon, see also legó ``` ἔπω Phonetic Spelling: (ep'-o) Definition: answer, bid, bring word, command answer, bid, bring word, command A primary verb (used only in the definite past tense, the others being borrowed from ereo, rheo, and phemi); to speak or say (by word or writing) -- answer, bid, bring word, call, command, grant, say (on), speak, tell. Compare lego. see GREEK ereo see GREEK rheo see GREEK phemi see GREEK lego

Question 50

φρᾱ́τηρ τᾱγός φῐλότης

Answer 50

FRATERNAL Noun τᾱγός • (tāgós) m (genitive τᾱγοῦ); second declension commander, ruler, chief federal commander of the Thessalian League (in the plural) college of magistrates in Thessaly president of a phratry φῐ́λος • (phílos) m (genitive φῐ́λου); second declension friend Adjective φῐ́λος • (phílos) m (feminine φῐ́λη, neuter φῐ́λον); first/second declension That which is loved or important: beloved, dear, of or from a friend (less commonly): loving, friendly ``` Noun φῐλότης • (philótēs) f (genitive φῐλότητος); third declension friendship, love, affection (figuratively) friendship between states (Epic) sexual love or intercourse ``` From φίλος (phílos, “beloved, dear”) +‎ -της (-tēs, noun-forming suffix). —————————————————— FRATERNAL phratry (plural phratries) (Ancient Greece) A clan or kinship group consisting of a number of families claiming descent from a common ancestor and having certain collective functions and responsibilities. [from 17th c.] (anthropology, dated) A former kinship division consisting of two or more distinct clans with separate identities but considered to be a single unit. From Latin phrātria, from Ancient Greek φρατρία (phratría, “tribe, clan”), from φράτηρ (phrátēr) + -ία (-ía) Noun φρᾱτρῐ́ᾱ • (phrātríā) f (genitive φρᾱτρῐ́ᾱς); first declension (in political sense) brotherhood (in Homer) tribe, clan political subdivision of the phyle (at Rome) curia (especially in bad sense) any league or association, conspiration. From φρᾱ́τηρ (phrā́tēr, “clansman, kinsmen”) +‎ -ῐ́ᾱ (-íā). Noun φρᾱ́τηρ • (phrā́tēr) m (genitive φρᾱ́τερος); third declension member of a community: clansman, kinsman, citizen, "brother" in the non-familial sense (as is usually expressed by "brethren") From Proto-Hellenic *pʰrā́tēr, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰréh₂tēr. Cognates include Phrygian βρατερε (bratere), Latin frāter, Sanskrit भ्रातृ (bhrātṛ), Gothic 𐌱𐍂𐍉𐌸𐌰𐍂 (brōþar), Old English brōþor (English brother). The old kin sense of "brother" has been assumed by ἀδελφός (adelphós). Adjective ᾰ̓δελφός • (adelphós) m (feminine ᾰ̓δελφή, neuter ᾰ̓δελφόν); first/second declension (Attic) brotherly or sisterly double From Proto-Hellenic *əgʷelpʰós, from Proto-Indo-European *sm̥-gʷelbʰ-ó-s (“one/same womb”), from *gʷelbʰ- (“womb”), equivalent to ἁ- (ha-, copulative prefix) +‎ δελφύς (delphús, “womb”). δελφῡ́ς • (delphū́s) f (genitive δελφῠ́ος); third declension the womb Δελφοί Delphi A city of ancient Greece, the site of the Delphic oracle A city, the county seat of Carroll County, Indiana, United States. A programming language dialect based on Pascal. A method for obtaining consensus from a group of experts; see Delphi method in Wikipedia. PHILADELPHIA (PHILOS + DELPHI) Proto-Indo-European Root *gʷelbʰ- the womb womb (plural wombs) (anatomy) In female mammals, the organ in which the young are conceived and grow until birth; the uterus. [from 8thc.] (obsolete) The abdomen or stomach. [8th-17thc.] (obsolete) The stomach of a person or creature. [8th-18thc.] (figuratively) A place where something is made or formed. [from 15thc.] Any cavity containing and enveloping anything. Superseded non-native Middle English mater, matere (“womb”) and matris, matrice (“womb”) borrowed from Latin māter (“womb”) and Old French matrice (“womb”), respectively. From Middle English wombe, wambe, from Old English womb, wamb (“belly, stomach; bowels; heart; womb; hollow”), from Proto-Germanic *wambō (“belly, stomach, abdomen”)[1]. Cognate with Scots wam, wame (“womb”),

Question 51

τυχαία

Answer 51

RANDOMNESS https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Randomness In common parlance, randomness is the apparent or actual lack of pattern or predictability in events.[1][2] A random sequence of events, symbols or steps often has no order and does not follow an intelligible pattern or combination. Individual random events are, by definition, unpredictable, but if the probability distribution is known, the frequency of different outcomes over repeated events (or "trials") is predictable.[3][note 1] For example, when throwing two dice, the outcome of any particular roll is unpredictable, but a sum of 7 will tend to occur twice as often as 4. In this view, randomness is not haphazardness; it is a measure of uncertainty of an outcome. Randomness applies to concepts of chance, probability, and information entropy. Adverb τυχαία • (tychaía) randomly by chance Adjective τυχαία • (tychaía) Nominative, accusative and vocative plural neuter form of τυχαίος (tychaíos). Adjective τυχαίος • (tychaíos) m (feminine τυχαία, neuter τυχαίο) random, chance, casual, fortuitous Noun random (countable and uncountable, plural randoms) A roving motion; course without definite direction; lack of rule or method; chance. (obsolete) Speed, full speed; impetuosity, force. [14th-17thc.] Synonyms: force, momentum, speed, velocity (obsolete) The full range of a bullet or other projectile; hence, the angle at which a weapon is tilted to allow the greatest range. [16th-19thc.] (figuratively, colloquial) An undefined, unknown or unimportant person; a person of no consequence. [from 20thc.] Synonyms: rando, nobody, nonentity The party was boring. It was full of randoms. (mining) The direction of a rake-vein. (printing, historical) A frame for composing type. Adjective random (comparative more random, superlative most random) Having unpredictable outcomes and, in the ideal case, all outcomes equally probable; resulting from such selection; lacking statistical correlation. Synonym: aleatory The flip of a fair coin is purely random. The newspaper conducted a random sample of five hundred American teenagers. The results of the field survey look random by several different measures. (mathematics) Of or relating to probability distribution. Synonym: stochastic A toss of loaded dice is still random, though biased. (computing) Pseudorandom; mimicking the result of random selection. Synonym: pseudorandom The rand function generates a random number from a seed. (somewhat colloquial) Representative and undistinguished; typical and average; selected for no particular reason. Synonyms: average, typical A random American off the street couldn't tell the difference. (somewhat colloquial) Apropos of nothing; lacking context; unexpected; having apparent lack of plan, cause or reason. Synonyms: arbitrary, unexpected, unplanned That was a completely random comment. The teacher's bartending story was interesting, but random. The narrative takes a random course. (colloquial) Characterized by or often saying random things; habitually using non sequiturs. You're so random! From earlier randon, from Middle English randoun, raundon, from Old French randon, from randir (“to run, gallop”) (whence French randonnée (“long walk, hike”)), from Frankish *rant, *rand (“run”, noun), from Proto-Germanic *randijō, from *rinnaną (“run”, verb), from Proto-Indo-European *(H)r̥-nw- (“to flow, move, run”). See run. ``` Middle English: randoun Noun randoun (uncountable) Force, magnitude, haste, intensity. (rare) Something with great intensity. ``` ``` English: randon Noun randon (uncountable) Obsolete form of random. ``` randō random +‎ -o (“(colloquial); person with characteristic”) ``` Adjective rando (comparative more rando, superlative most rando) (colloquial) Random; arbitrary. ``` Noun rando (plural randos) (colloquial, mildly derogatory) An arbitrary person with whom one has no shared social connection. I accidentally took some rando's luggage from the airport carousel. (colloquial, mildly derogatory) A person going to a party without being invited. (colloquial) Anything selected at random.

Question 52

αυθαίρετος

Answer 52

ARBITRARY Arbitrariness is the quality of being "determined by chance, whim, or impulse, and not by necessity, reason, or principle". It is also used to refer to a choice made without any specific criterion or restraint. αυθαίρετος Adjective arbitrary • ( afthairetos ) m ( feminine arbitrary , Worth arbitrary ) arbitrary ( without logic ) unauthorized ( UK ) , unauthorized ( US ) αυθαίρετος arbitrary, willful, peremptory, wilful Adjective arbitrary (comparative more arbitrary, superlative most arbitrary) (usually of a decision) Based on individual discretion or judgment; not based on any objective distinction, perhaps even made at random. Benjamin Franklin's designation of "positive" and "negative" to different charges was arbitrary. The decision to use 18 years as the legal age of adulthood was arbitrary, as both age 17 and 19 were reasonable alternatives. Determined by impulse rather than reason; heavy-handed. (mathematics) Any, out of all that are possible. The equation is true for an arbitrary value of x. Determined by independent arbiter. (linguistics) Not representative or symbolic; not iconic. adjective adjective: arbitrary based on random choice or personal whim, rather than any reason or system. From Middle English arbitrarie, ``` Latin arbitrārius (“arbitrary, uncertain”) from arbiter (“witness, on-looker, listener, judge, overseer”). ``` ``` Latin: Adjective arbitrārius (feminine arbitrāria, neuter arbitrārium); first/second-declension adjective arbitrating arbitrary ``` Latin: Participle arbitrāte vocative masculine singular of arbitrātus From Latin arbitratus past participle of arbitrari (“to be a witness, act as umpire”) from arbiter (“umpire”); see arbiter. Verb arbitrate (third-person singular simple present arbitrates, present participle arbitrating, simple past and past participle arbitrated) To make a judgment (on a dispute) as an arbitrator or arbiter to arbitrate a disputed case To submit (a dispute) to such judgment (mathematics, rare) To assign an arbitrary value to, or otherwise determine arbitrarily. We wish to show f is continuous. Arbitrate epsilon greater than zero... Noun arbiter m (genitive arbitrī); second declension witness, spectator, onlooker (law) arbitrator, arbiter (having a wider power than a iūdex) (transferred sense) judge, umpire overseer, controller, ruler Uncertain, but probably cognate to Umbrian ařputrati (“according to the judgement”, abl.sg.), corresponding to Latin arbitrātū. Possibly from ad- + baetō, with sporadic d > r as in arvorsum, arfuise, thus originally meaning "one that goes to something in order to see or hear it". Latin: Noun arbitrātū ablative singular of arbitrātus Verb arbitror (present infinitive arbitrārī or arbitrārier, perfect active arbitrātus sum); first conjugation, deponent I judge I witness, observe I believe, think, consider, am of the opinion From arbiter +‎ -ō. Latin suffix: -ō -ō m (genitive -ōnis); third declension forms masculine agent nouns, positive and especially negative nicknames and other designations, especially in colloquial language. combibere (“to drink together”) → combibō (“drinking buddy”) vāpulāre (“to get beaten”) → vāpulō (“who gets frequently flogged”) ?cōci- → cōciō (“broker”) centuria (“century”) → centuriō (“centurion”) mūlus (“mule”) → mūliō (“muleteer”) μωρός (mōrós, “dull, sluggish”) → mōriō (“idiot”) also forms names, especially cognomina. aquila (“eagle”) → Aquilō (“the North wind”) incubāre (“to lie on top”) → Incubō (“a spirit that watches over buried treasures”) cūria (“curia”) → Cūriō cicer (“chickpea”) → Cicerō vārus (“bow-legged”) → Varrō catus (“clever, shrewd”) → Catō conger (“sea-eel”) → Congriō (“name of a cook in Plautus”) Arbitrary actions are closely related to teleology, the study of purpose. Actions lacking a telos, a goal, are necessarily arbitrary. With no end to measure against, there can be no standard applied to choices, so all decisions are alike. Note that arbitrary or random methods in the standard sense of arbitrary may not qualify as arbitrary choices philosophically if they were done in furtherance of a larger purpose (such as the examples above for the purposes of establishing discipline in school and avoiding overcrowding at gas stations). Nihilism is the philosophy that believes that there is no purpose in the universe, and that every choice is arbitrary.[3] According to nihilism, the universe contains no value and is essentially meaningless. Because the universe and all of its constituents contain no higher goal for us to make subgoals from, all aspects of human life and experiences are completely arbitrary. There is no right or wrong decision, thought or practice and whatever choice a human being makes is just as meaningless and empty as any other choice he or she could have made.

Question 53

επιτακτικός επίσημος

Answer 53

PEREMPTORY - IMPERATIVE επιτακτικός imperative, mandatory, authoritative, peremptory αυταρχικός autocratic, bossy, overbearing, officious, despotic, peremptory αυθαίρετος arbitrary, willful, peremptory, wilful προστακτικός imperative, mandatory, peremptory οριστικός definitive, definite, peremptory ανένδοτος uncompromising, unflinching, pat, peremptory Adjective επιτακτικός • (epitaktikós) m (feminine επιτακτική, neuter επιτακτικό) imperative, authoritative, mandatory Adjective επίσημος • (epísimos) m (feminine επίσημη, neuter επίσημο) Official formal, official, authoritative, formal, relating to office or position επιτακτικός Adjective compelling • ( epitaktikos ) m ( feminine imperative , neuter imperative ) imperative , authoritative , mandatory Translations of imperative Adjective επιτακτικός imperative, mandatory, authoritative, peremptory προστακτικός imperative, mandatory, peremptory Noun προστακτική έγγλισις imperative προστακτική έγκλιση imperative Adjective επίσημος • (epísimos) m (feminine επίσημη, neuter επίσημο) formal, official, authoritative, formal, relating to office or position. προστακτικός imperative επιτακτικός peremptory adjective επιτακτικός, αυταρχικός, αυθαίρετος, οριστικός, ανένδοτος επιτακτικός adjective mandatory peremptory (adj.) mid-15c., peremptorie, "absolute, allowing no refusal," a legal term, from Anglo-French peremptorie, from Late Latin peremptorius "destructive, decisive, final," from peremptor "destroyer," agent noun from past-participle stem of Latin perimpere "destroy, cut off," from per "away entirely, to destruction" (see per) + emere (past participle emptus) "to take" (from PIE root *em- "to take, distribute"). Of persons or their words, "certain, assured, brooking no debate or question," 1580s. Related: Peremptorily. *em- Proto-Indo-European root meaning "to take, distribute." It is the hypothetical source of/evidence for its existence is provided by: Sanskrit yamati "holds, subdues;" Latin emere "buy," originally "take," sumere "to take, obtain, buy;" Old Church Slavonic imo "to take;" Lithuanian imu, imti "to take." For the sense shift from "take" to "buy" in the Latin verbs, compare Old English sellan "to give," source of Modern English sell "to give in exchange for money;" Hebrew laqah "he bought," originally "he took;" and colloquial English I'll take it for "I'll buy it." ``` It forms all or part of: assume; presume; consume; resume; redeem presumption; redemption; subsume; sumptuary; sumptuous; ``` emption; example; exemplar; exemplary; exemplify; exempt; exemption; impromptu; peremptory; pre-emption; premium; prompt; pronto; ransom; sample; sejm; vintage. imperative (adj.) 1520s, in grammar, "expressing command," used of the form of a verb which expresses command, entreaty, advice, or exhortation, from Late Latin imperativus "pertaining to a command," from imperat-, past participle stem of imperare "to command, requisition," from assimilated form of in- "into, in" (from PIE root *en "in") + parare "to arrange, prepare, adorn" (from PIE root *pere- (1) "to produce, procure"). imperative (n.) mid-15c., in grammar; later "something imperative" (c. 1600), from Old French imperatif in the grammatical sense (13c.) and directly from Late Latin imperativus (see imperative (adj.)). In philosophy from 1796. *en Proto-Indo-European root meaning "in." It forms all or part of: and; atoll; dysentery; embargo; embarrass; embryo; empire; employ; en- (1) "in; into;" en- (2) "near, at, in, on, within;" enclave; endo-; enema; engine; enoptomancy; enter; enteric; enteritis; entero-; entice; ento-; entrails; envoy; envy; episode; esoteric; imbroglio; immolate; immure; impede; impend; impetus; important; impostor; impresario; impromptu; in; in- (2) "into, in, on, upon;" inchoate; incite; increase; inculcate; incumbent; industry; indigence; inflict; ingenuous; ingest; inly; inmost; inn; innate; inner; innuendo; inoculate; insignia; instant; intaglio; inter-; interim; interior; intern; internal; intestine; intimate (adj.) "closely acquainted, very familiar;" intra-; intricate; intrinsic; intro-; introduce; introduction; introit; introspect; invert; mesentery. It is the hypothetical source of/evidence for its existence is provided by: Sanskrit antara- "interior;" Greek en "in," eis "into," endon "within;" Latin in "in, into," intro "inward," intra "inside, within;" Old Irish in, Welsh yn, Old Church Slavonic on-, Old English in "in, into," inne "within, inside." *pere- (1) *perə-, Proto-Indo-European root meaning "to produce, procure" and yielding and derived words in diverse senses; possibly related to *pere- (2) "to grant, allot." It forms all or part of: ante-partum; apparatus; apparel; biparous; disparate; emperor; empire; heifer; imperative; imperator; imperial; juniper; multiparous; nulliparous; oviparous; para- (2) "defense, protection against; that which protects from;" Parabellum; parachute; parade; parados; parapet; parasol; pare; parent; -parous; parry; parturient; poor; post-partum; preparation; prepare; primipara; puerperal; rampart; repair (v.1) "to mend, put back in order;" repertory; separate; sever; several; spar (v.); viper; vituperation; viviparous. It is the hypothetical source of/evidence for its existence is provided by: Sanskrit prthukah "child, calf, young of an animal;" Greek poris "calf, bull;" Latin parare "make ready, prepare," parire "produce, bring forth, give birth to;" Czech spratek "brat, urchin, premature calf;" Lithuanian periu, perėti "to brood;" Old High German farro, German Farre "bullock," Old English fearr "bull." imperator (n.) "absolute ruler," 1580s, from Latin imperator "commander-in-chief, leader, master," agent noun from stem of imperare "to command" (see imperative (adj.)). In the Roman republic, a holder of military command during active service, also a title bestowed on victorious generals; in the Roman Empire, the emperor as commander-in-chief of the armies. Related: Imperatorial.

Question 54

αναγκαστικός

Answer 54

COMPULSORY ``` αναγκαστικός (anankastikós) compulsory adjective 95% of use αναγκαστικός compulsive adjective 5% of use καταπιεστικός, παθολογικός, πιεστικός, υποχρεωτικός, τυραννικός ```

Question 55

αναπόφευκτος

Answer 55

INEVITABLE αναπόφευκτος adjective uncommon anapófefktos inevitable, unavoidable, inescapable, predestinate, ineluctable

Question 56

απαραίτητος

Answer 56

INDISPENSABLE απαραίτητος adjective uncommon aparaítitos necessary, indispensable, needful

Question 57

προστακτική

Answer 57

IMPERATIVE προστακτική • (prostaktikí) f (plural προστακτικές) (grammar) imperative mood See also: έγκλιση f (égklisi, “grammatical mood”) οριστική f (oristikí, “indicative mood”) υποτακτική f (ypotaktikí, “subjunctive mood”) ευκτική f (efktikí, “optative mood”) οριστική f (oristikí, “indicative mood”) προστακτική f (prostaktikí, “imperative mood”) υποτακτική f (ypotaktikí, “subjunctive mood”) Noun έγκλιση • (égklisi) f (plural εγκλίσεις) (grammar) grammatical mood, mood (linguistics) enclisis ἔγκλῐσῐς • (énklisis) f (genitive ἐγκλῐ́σεως); third declension inclination; slope defeat, failure (medicine) displacement (grammar) mood of a verb (grammar) throwing back of the accent or change of acute accent to grave accent (grammar, generally) inflection of derivative forms From ἐγκλίνω (enklínō, “to incline”) +‎ -σῐς (-sis).

Question 58

μηδενισμός

Answer 58

NIHILISM - ZEROING From μηδέν (zeroing) + ισμός (abstract noun, doctrine) ``` Numeral μηδέν • (midén) n zero nothing, nought, nil. cipher ``` ``` Pronoun μηδείς • (mēdeís) and not one (not elided) nobody, naught, good for naught (neuter, adverbial) not at all, by no means ``` From μηδέ (mēdé, “and not”) + εἷς (heîs, “one”) How can god remove a part of himself if he is the whole entirety? monad single universal μηδέ • (mēdé) (connecting two clauses, used with the same constructions as μή (mḗ)) but not, and not, nor (doubled, μηδέ...μηδέ, opposing the two clauses of a sentence) Adverb μηδέ • (mēdé) (“not possible”) (joined with a single word or phrase) not even From μή (mḗ, “not”) +‎ δέ (dé, “and, but”). Compare οὐδέ (oudé, “but not, and not”) ``` Conjunction οὐδέ • (oudé) (“not a fact”) (mostly answering to μέν (mén)) but not (more often) and not, nor (without a negative preceding) (with a simple negative preceding) ``` From οὐ (ou, “not”) + δέ (dé, “but”) Particle μέν • (mén) (discourse particle) on the one hand, while, whereas (often left untranslated) (before other particles) accordingly, and so οὐδενός none general singular of the indefinite pronoun none and of the neuter gender none οὐδείς - οὐδεμία - οὐδέν nobody / nobody insignificant , unworthy of speech It is inclined like εἷς . The plural nodes (general nonsense , causal node ) is rare and is answered mainly with the second meaning ( negligible ) οὐδεὶς ὅστις οὐ : there is no one who ..., all οὐδένες none, no one nominative plural of indefinite pronoun no one —————————————————————— https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nihilism The etymological origin of nihilism is the Latin root word nihil, meaning 'nothing', which is similarly found in the related terms annihilate, meaning 'to bring to nothing', and nihility, meaning 'nothingness'. Existential nihilism, according to which life is without intrinsic value, meaning, or purpose. Nihilism (/ˈnaɪ(h)ɪlɪzəm, ˈniː-/; from Latin nihil 'nothing') is a philosophy, or family of views within philosophy, that rejects general or fundamental aspects of human existence,[1][2] such as objective truth, knowledge, morality, values or meaning.[3][4] Different nihilist positions hold variously that human values are baseless, that life is meaningless, that knowledge is impossible, or that some set of entities do not exist or are meaningless or pointless. The vanishing or nihilism is a philosophical direction advocated the outright denial of any theoretical or practical value. Zeroism rejects and disapproves of its environment, condemns it completely, protests or even rebels against it. The term was introduced by Ivan Turgenev to describe Bazarov, the protagonist of his novel Fathers and Sons (1862). It can be distinguished into the following types: Divine Nihilism A belief that God will “zero” your soul in the afterlife for mortal sins. Antithetical to Divine Transformation, Transmutation, Transfigure. Cognitive or theoretical nihilism, which does not admit any truth and is equivalent to absolute skepticism . Moral nihilism, which rejects moral values ​​and equates to immorality . Metaphysical nihilism, which denies the existence of meaning in life, the existence of God , rational order in the world, etc. Social nihilism, which rejects all social and political institutions, thus relating to the philosophy of Max Stirner . Historical nihilism (in the philosophy of history ), which argues that there is no ultimate purpose or meaning in historical development and if there is an ultimate purpose, it is destruction and impasse. Μηδενισμός Zeroing Zeroism occupied an important place in the philosophy of Frederick Nietzsche , who was a bearer of a dynamic nihilistic spirit, aiming at the creation of the ideal of the Superman. In modern philosophy, the representative of nihilism was the French existentialist Jean-Paul Sartre , for whom human existence is the carrier of the ontological existence of zero. From the 20th century, nihilism has encompassed a range of positions within various fields of philosophy. Each of these, as the Encyclopædia Britannica states, "denied the existence of genuine moral truths or values, rejected the possibility of knowledge or communication, and asserted the ultimate meaninglessness or purposelessness of life or of the universe."[97] Cosmic nihilism is the position that reality or the cosmos is either wholly or significantly unintelligible and that it provides no foundation for human aims and principles.[3] Particularly, it may regard the cosmos as distinctly hostile or indifferent to humanity.[98] It is often related to both epistemological and existential nihilism, as well as cosmicism. Epistemological nihilism is a form of philosophical skepticism according to which knowledge does not exist, or, if it does exist, it is unattainable for human beings. It should not be confused with epistemological fallibilism, according to which all knowledge is uncertain. Existential nihilism is the position that life has no intrinsic meaning or value.[3] With respect to the universe, existential nihilism posits that a single human or even the entire human species is insignificant, without purpose, and unlikely to change in the totality of existence. The meaninglessness of life is largely explored in the philosophical school of existentialism, where one can create their own subjective meaning or purpose. In popular use, "nihilism" now most commonly refers to forms of existential nihilism. Metaphysical nihilism is the position that concrete objects and physical constructs might not exist in the possible world, or that, even if there exist possible worlds that contain some concrete objects, there is at least one that contains only abstract objects. Extreme metaphysical nihilism, also sometimes called ontological nihilism, is the position that nothing actually exists at all.[99][100] The American Heritage Medical Dictionary defines one form of nihilism as "an extreme form of skepticism that denies all existence."[101] A similar skepticism concerning the concrete world can be found in solipsism. However, despite the fact that both views deny the certainty of objects' true existence, the nihilist would deny the existence of self, whereas the solipsist would affirm it. Both of these positions are considered forms of anti-realism. Mereological nihilism, also called compositional nihilism, is the metaphysical position that objects with proper parts do not exist. This position applies to objects in space, and also to objects existing in time, which are posited to have no temporal parts. Rather, only basic building blocks without parts exist, and thus the world we see and experience, full of objects with parts, is a product of human misperception (i.e., if we could see clearly, we would not perceive compositive objects). This interpretation of existence must be based on resolution: The resolution with which humans see and perceive the "improper parts" of the world is not an objective fact of reality, but is rather an implicit trait that can only be qualitatively explored and expressed. Therefore, there is no arguable way to surmise or measure the validity of mereological nihilism. For example, an ant can get lost on a large cylindrical object because the circumference of the object is so large with respect to the ant that the ant effectively feels as though the object has no curvature. Thus, the resolution with which the ant views the world it exists "within" is an important determining factor in how the ant experiences this "within the world" feeling. Moral nihilism, also called ethical nihilism, is the meta-ethical position that no morality or ethics exists whatsoever; therefore, no action is ever morally preferable to any other. Moral nihilism is distinct from both moral relativism and expressivism in that it does not acknowledge socially constructed values as personal or cultural moralities. It may also differ from other moral positions within nihilism that, rather than argue there is no morality, hold that if it does exist, it is a human construction and thus artificial, wherein any and all meaning is relative for different possible outcomes. An alternative scholarly perspective is that moral nihilism is a morality in itself. Cooper writes, "In the widest sense of the word 'morality', moral nihilism is a morality." Passive and active nihilism, the former of which is also equated to philosophical pessimism, refer to two approaches to nihilist thought; passive nihilism sees nihility as an end in itself, whereas active nihilism attempts to surpass it. For Nietzsche, passive nihilism further encapsulates the "will to nothing" and the modern condition of resignation or unawareness towards the dissolution of higher values brought about by the 19th century. Political nihilism is the position holding no political goals whatsoever, except for the complete destruction of all existing political institutions—along with the principles, values, and social institutions that uphold them.[105] Though often related to anarchism, it may differ in that it presents no method of social organisation after a negation of the current political structure has taken place. An analysis of political nihilism is further presented by Leo Strauss. Therapeutic nihilism, also called medical nihilism, is the position that the effectiveness of medical intervention is dubious or without merit.[107] Dealing with the philosophy of science as it relates to the contextualized demarcation of medical research, Jacob Stegenga applies Bayes' theorem to medical research and argues for the premise that "even when presented with evidence for a hypothesis regarding the effectiveness of a medical intervention, we ought to have low confidence in that hypothesis." ———————————————————— PARADOX OF NIHILISM (“Nothing exists but yet the idea of nothing remains”) Metaphysical nihilism is based around skepticism that concrete objects, and the self which perceives them, actually exist as concrete objects rather than as abstract objects. For a possible world with finite objects, any one or more of those objects may not have existed, and their non-existence does not mean that something equivalent exists in their place. Therefore, it is entirely possible that a world with no objects exists. The paradox arises from the logical assertion that if no concrete or abstract objects exist, even the self, then that very concept itself would be untrue because it itself exists. While objects have the capacity for purpose or meaning, there is no universal truth that guides this individual purpose. Thus, without a universal purpose, all meaning that objects could have does not exist, and the idea of any purpose or meaning attributed to something is untrue. If this is taken as a given, then existential nihilism holds that humans are compelled to make up meaning for themselves and others in the absence of a universal, unilateral meaning in order to spare themselves from the negativity surrounding the inevitability of death. While there are several derivative examples of the paradox of nihilism, they generally fall on the lines that nihilism itself has drawn to demarcate different sections of the philosophy. The two basic paradoxes are reflective of the philosophies of nihilism that created them; metaphysical nihilism and existential nihilism. Both paradoxes originate from the same conceptual difficulty of whether, as Paul Hegarty writes in his study of noise music, "the absence of meaning seems to be some sort of meaning". Metaphysical nihilism Metaphysical nihilism is based around skepticism that concrete objects, and the self which perceives them, actually exist as concrete objects rather than as abstract objects. It is not a far stretch, in the framework of this theory, to assume that these objects do not exist at all. The philosophy can most succinctly be summed up using the model proposed by British philosopher Thomas Baldwin in his 1996 paper[2] on the subject which is referred to as subtraction theory. It holds that for a possible world with finite objects, any one or more of those objects may not have existed, and their non-existence does not mean that something equivalent exists in their place. Therefore, it is entirely possible that a world with no objects exists. The paradox arises from the logical assertion that if no concrete or abstract objects exist, even the self, then that very concept itself would be untrue because it itself exists. Critics often point to the ambiguity of Baldwin's premises[3] as proof both of the paradox and of the flaws within metaphysical nihilism itself. The main point made argues that a world is itself a concrete object, and whether it exists or does not exist is irrelevant because in both instances it would disprove subtraction theory. In the case of its existence, subtraction theory fails because there is still a concrete object; if the world does not exist, subtraction theory fails because the truth of the world is revealed via subtraction theory, which itself exists, and therefore negates Baldwin's conclusion that a world with no objects can exist. Existential nihilism Existential nihilism is the philosophical theory that life has no inherent meaning whatsoever, and that humanity, both in an individual sense and in a collective sense, has no purpose. That is to say: while objects have the capacity for purpose or meaning, there is no universal truth that guides this individual purpose. Thus, without a universal purpose, all meaning that objects could have does not exist, and the idea of any purpose or meaning attributed to something is untrue. If this is taken as a given, then existential nihilism holds that humans are compelled to make up meaning for themselves and others in the absence of a universal, unilateral meaning in order to spare themselves from the negativity surrounding the inevitability of death. Existential nihilism explores both the nature of this invention and the effectiveness of creating meaning for oneself and others, as well as whether the latter is even possible. It has received the most attention out of all forms of nihilism in both literary and popular media. Like metaphysical nihilism, existential nihilism stumbles when it comes to the nature of its conceptual existence. Common precursors to the paradox ask questions like Hegarty's,[1] implying that, if universal truth does not exist to give meaning to life and therefore nothing is objectively true, existential nihilist theory would be the universal truth that it claims does not exist. Thus, existential nihilism is at best an extremely flawed interpretation of the universe and at worst entirely untrue, as a theory which contends that nothing objective exists must necessarily then be subjective. In this case it is either untrue or has meaning, which would mean that there is a universal meaning (derived from the logical conclusion that the universal truth is nothingness) or even some meaning, which would be contrarian to the original claim.

Question 59

αναφερόμενο

Answer 59

REFERENT (of a symbol) https: //en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Referent https: //en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Meaning_of_Meaning https: //editura.mttlc.ro/carti/55_Charles_Ogden_The_Meaning_of_Meaning_volume_one.pdf αναφερόμενο reported referring to the causative of the singular neutral in referring , in the face , the accusative and vocative of singular. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Referent A referent is a person or thing to which a name – a linguistic expression or other symbol – refers. For example, in the sentence Mary saw me, the referent of the word Mary is the particular person called Mary who is being spoken of, while the referent of the word me is the person uttering the sentence.

Question 60

ορθολογική μοναδικότητα αισθητικός μηχανή

Answer 60

SAPIENT SINGULARITY - SENTIENT MACHINE μοναδικότητα uniqueness, singularity, oddity, singleness, singularness. μοναδικότητα uniqueness the quality of being unique the uniqueness of the work of art σοφός wise, sage, savant, sapient, overwise λόγιος scholar, literary, lettered, sapient, savant, bookish ιδιαιτερότητα Particularity particularity female the quality of the particular , to be someone or something special , to differ from the whole the specificity of the situation requires very careful handling a particular characteristic that makes a person , thing or situation stand out from its peers The peculiarity of this computer is that it has a built-in central unit on its screen —————————————————— LOGIC λογική • (logikí) f (uncountable) logic λογικεύω (logikévo, “to think/behave reasonably”) λογικά (logiká, “logically”) λογικοκρατία f (logikokratía, “logicism”) λογικός (logikós, “logical”) λόγος m (lógos, “reason; speech”) —————————————————— EX-MACHINA Deus ex machina is a Latin calque from Greek ἀπὸ μηχανῆς θεός (apò mēkhanês theós) ‘god from the machine'. μηχανή μηχᾰνή • (mēkhanḗ) f (genitive μηχᾰνῆς); first declension (Attic, Ionic, Koine) contrivance, machine, device, gear way, means Perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *megʰ- (“to be able”), with cognates including Old Church Slavonic могѫ (mogǫ) and Old English magan, miht, mæġen (English may, might, main). See also Μάγος (Mágos). Beekes argues for a Pre-Greek origin, doublet of Ancient Greek μάγγανον (mánganon, “charm, block (wheelbox)”). ``` Old English: mæġen n strength, power force, army virtue, efficacy, efficiency (in compounds) very mæġenheard ― very hard ``` Μάγος • (Mágos) m (genitive Μάγου); second declension (common, nonspecific) magician, and derogatorily sorcerer, trickster, conjurer, charlatan (common, specific) a Zoroastrian priest. Compare e.g. Herodotus Hist. 1.132f, Xenophon Cyropedia 8.3.11, Porphyry Life of Pythagoras 12, Heraclitus apud Clemens Protrepticus 12, etc. (hapax) name of one of the tribes of the Medes. This usage is only attested once; Herodotus Histories 1.101. μῆχος • (mêkhos) n (genitive μήχους or μήχεος); third declension means, expedient, remedy May be from Proto-Indo-European *megʰ- (“to be able to, to help; power, sorcerer”). See also Μάγος (Mágos). Verb μηχᾰνάομαι • (mēkhanáomai) to build, construct to devise, contrive —————————————————— Latin: Sage Translations of sage Noun sapiens sage, wiseman, philosopher salvia salvia, sage sophos sage, wiseman sophus sage, wiseman Adjective sophos sage, Wise sagax sagacious, shrewd, intelligent, keen, acute, sage Adjective sagāx (third-declension) of quick perception, having acute senses; keen-scented intellectually quick, keen, acute, shrewd, sagacious Derived from sāgiō ("I perceive") + --āx ("inclined to"). Verb sagio I perceive quickly or keenly with the senses. I perceive acutely with the intellect. from Proto-Indo-European *séh₂gyeti Proto-Indo-European *séh₂gyeti‎ ("to seek out, to track"). Cognate with Ancient Greek ἡγέομαι Ancient Greek ἡγέομαι ("I guide, lead") English: seek —————————————————— δικό from Ancient Greek ἴδιος (ídios). ``` Adjective ῐ̓́δῐος • (ídios) m (feminine ῐ̓δῐ́ᾱ, neuter ῐ̓́δῐον); first/second declension pertaining to self, that is, one's own private (as opposed to public) related to separate, distinct peculiar, specific, appropriate ``` From ἕ (hé) +‎ -δ- (-d-, connecting consonant) +‎ -ιος (-ios, adjectival suffix) Noun ῐ̓δῐώτης • (idiṓtēs) m (genitive ῐ̓δῐώτου); first declension (Attic, Ionic, Koine) a private person, one not engaged in public affairs a private soldier, as opposed to a general (adjectival use) private, homely commoner, plebeian uneducated person, layman, amateur one who is not in the know, an outsider an ignorant person, idiot one who is awkward, clumsy (in the plural) one's countrymen ἴδιος (ídios, “one's own, private”) +‎ -ώτης (type of person) -ώτης • (-ṓtēs) m (genitive -ώτου); first declension Suffix used to form various kinds of nouns, including demonyms and other nouns referring to types of persons ``` Pronoun δικό • (dikó) Accusative singular masculine form of δικός (dikós). Είδα τον δικό μου γιο εκεί. Eída ton dikó mou gio ekeí. I saw my own son there. Nominative singular neuter form of δικός (dikós). Το δικό μου ρολόι. To dikó mou rolói. My own watch. Accusative singular neuter form of δικός (dikós). Είδα το δικό μου ρολόι. Eída to dikó mou rolói. I saw my own watch. Vocative singular neuter form of δικός (dikós). Δικό μου αγόρι, που πας; Dikó mou agóri, pou pas? My own (dear) boy, where are you going? ``` Pronoun[edit] δικός • (dikós) m (feminine δική or δικιά, neuter δικό) a possessive adjective (followed by possessive pronoun) mine, yours, his, hers, its, ours, theirs Αυτός είναι δικός μου. Aftós eínai dikós mou. That's mine. Ποια φούστα είναι δικιά σου; Poia foústa eínai dikiá sou? Which skirt is yours? Να η δικιά μου! Na i dikiá mou! There's mine! Αυτές είναι οι δικές μου καραμέλες. Εσύ έφαγες όλες τις δικές σου. Aftés eínai oi dikés mou karaméles. Esý éfages óles tis dikés sou. Those are my own sweets. You ate all of yours. (usually preceded by the article and followed by possessive pronoun) my, your, his, her, its, our, their (emphatic form) Ο δικός μου σκύλος O dikós mou skýlos My (own) dog. Ποιο είναι καλύτερο, το δικό σου ή το δικό μου σπίτι; Poio eínai kalýtero, to dikó sou í to dikó mou spíti? Which is better, my house or yours? Οι δικοί μου άνθρωποι δεν συμπεριφέρονται έτσι. Oi dikoí mou ánthropoi den symperiférontai étsi. My people don't behave like that. —————————————————— Translations of singular Adjective ενικός singular μοναδικός unique, one and only, singular, monadic, monadical, sui genesis ασυνήθης unusual, uncommon, abnormal, extraordinary, unwonted, singular Noun ενικός αριθμός singular, singular number ————————————————————- ορθολογικός rational rational-or, -o which is in accordance with the right reason , logic Or what is needed is the rational management of our finances ≈ Synonyms : logical , rational ( scholar ) ———————————————————- ορθο- ancient Greek ορθο- ( upright , correct ) ortho- , ortho- ( and ortho- before vowel ) first synthetic stating that the second synthetic he is standing upright posture proper open is correct , without errors , or has to do with logic , right reason ortho phy right glory ( geometry ) is at right angles right angle right prism ( medicine ) has a normal formation ortho dental ( medicine ) first synthetic denoting relation to the rectum , the end of the large intestine correct aiming ——————————————————— CORRECT - RIGHT σωστός correct, -or, -o that corresponds to the truth the solution of the exercise gave the right result ≠ antonyms : wrong , wrong done appropriately , meeting all specifications ( colloquial ) refers to someone who acts according to acceptable standards of conduct From σώζω correct, straight, true, not in error save and be saved (& sono -sonomai with which shares verb forms) prevent a bad development, e.g. death or any injury, destruction of objects or places, come through , rescue the timely intervention of the fire brigade saved the village from the fire With what he came he saved the situation ( computer ) I save text on the computer (although I usually save it ) (medium) I save myself, save myself or someone else saves me either from a serious problem that threatens my life or just helping me get out of a difficult position ( theology ) the medium, I am saved: I am no longer in danger of losing my soul, I secure a place in Paradise or eternal life ——————————————————————- INCORRECT - WRONG λάθος noun wrong anything that deviates from the rule, something that is not said or done correctly typographical error , I learn from my mistakes unfortunate choice, act, assessment of a situation I was wrong to believe them anything that is far from the truth or reality answer with True or False in the following exercise the discrepancy between the actual value resulting from a mathematical operation and the value found by one "You made a mistake in the division λανθάνω Verb λανθάνω , πρτ . : Lanthanum , mtch.p.p .: Wrong , only in the present tense issue ( no passive ) I remain hidden and I am not perceived λάθος - error λανθάνων - latent λανθάνουσα μνήμη - latent memory αλάνθαστος - infallible αλάθητος - foolproof αλάθητο - infallibility αλάθευτος - infallible λανθάνων λανθάνων, -ουσα, -ον That which remains hidden and is not perceived who is wrong

Question 61

επισκέπτης

Answer 61

VISITOR - GUEST επισκέπτης • (episképtis) m (plural επισκέπτες, feminine επισκέπτρια) visitor, guest επισκέπτης καθηγητής ― episképtis kathigitís ― visiting professor district nurse σκέπτης Thinker βιβλίο επισκεπτών n (vivlío episkeptón, “visitors' book, guest book”) επίσκεψη f (epískepsi, “visit, visitor”) επισκέπτομαι (episképtomai, “to visit”) See also[edit] πελάτης m (pelátis, “hotel guest, patron, customer”)

Question 62

ἀμφήκης

Answer 62

TWO EDGED - CUTS BOTH WAYS - AMBIGUOUS Two-edged , fasganon , sword , Il.10.256 , Od.16.80 , B.10.87 , etc .; center , spear , A. Pr. 692 (lyr.), Ag. 1149 ; ἔγχου , γένυς , S. Aj. 286 , El. 485 ; of lightning , forked , πυρὸς ἀμφήκης βόστρυχος A. Pr. 1044 ; lightning Cleanth. 1.10 . II metaph., Ἀμφήκης γλῶττα tongue that will cut both ways , ie maintain either right or wrong, Ar. Now. 1160 (parod.); an oracle of, ambiguous , amfikis and duplicitous Luc. JTr. 43 . amfikis , s (A) 1. two-edged , edged , edged on both sides, sharp 2. (for lightning and thunder) acute , shrill 3. (for oracles) ambiguous doubtful 4. spp. " Amfikis language ," language that cuts in two ways, that can defend and fair and unfair. ἀμφήκης: -ες ( ἀκή ), I. he who has two ends or spikes, two-edged , double-edged , in Homer. Ill., Aeschylus. II. μεταφ., ἀμφ. glotta , language that cuts from the two sides, ie. can defend and fair and unfair, in Aristof. · oracle said, ambiguous, doubtful , in Luke. a tongue that will cut both ways, ie maintain either right or wrong , Ar .; of an oracle , ambiguous , Luc.

Question 63

πράκτωρας

Answer 63

AGENT Translations of agent agent noun 100% of use instrument , agent , agent , agent , factor Noun μέσο means, mean, agent, middle, way, midst παράγων agent, paragon, procreator, agency πράκτορας agent, factor, representative αντιπρόσωπος representative, agent, delegate, correspondent, vice gerent, surrogate συντελεστής coefficient, factor, agent αγών struggle, game, bout, combat, agent, tug πράκτωρας agent Adjective αίτιος causative, responsible for, agent Etymology From Medieval Latin agentia, from Latin agēns (present participle of agere (“to act”)), agentis (cognate with French agence, see also agent). Pronunciation[edit] IPA(key): /ˈeɪ.dʒən.si/ Audio (US) MENU0:00 Noun[edit] agency (countable and uncountable, plural agencies) The capacity, condition, or state of acting or of exerting power. quotations ▼ Synonyms: action, activity, operation (sociology, philosophy, psychology) The capacity of individuals to act independently and to make their own free choices. quotations ▼ Coordinate terms: free will, structure moral agency individual agency A medium through which power is exerted or an end is achieved. Synonyms: instrumentality, means The office or function of an agent; also, the relationship between a principal and that person's agent. authority of agency An establishment engaged in doing business for another; also, the place of business or the district of such an agency. Synonym: management Hyponyms: advertising agency, dating agency, employment agency, escort agency, introduction agency, modelling agency, news agency, press agency, relief agency, syndication agency, travel agency A department or other administrative unit of a government; also, the office or headquarters of, or the district administered by such unit of government. Hyponyms: antitrust agency, intelligence agency, space agency Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry Central Intelligence Agency μέσο • (méso) n (plural μέσα) middle Προχωρήστε προς το μέσο του λεωφορείου! Prochoríste pros to méso tou leoforeíou! Move to the middle part of the bus! means, medium, tool, agent μέσο παραγωγής ― méso paragogís ― means of production μέσο ενημέρωσης ― méso enimérosis ― medium (of information) αναγωγικό μέσο ― anagogikó méso ― reducing agent (chemistry) (figuratively) connection (connections with someone in authority or power who will enable things to happen) Κατάφερε να μπει στην υπηρεσία βάζοντας μέσο. Katáfere na bei stin ypiresía vázontas méso. He succeeded in entering the service by using connections (pulling strings). Synonyms: βύσμα n (výsma, “plug”), δόντι n (dónti, “tooth”) (in the plural) means, resources Derived terms[edit] ένδικο μέσο n (éndiko méso, “legal remedy”) εν μέσω (en méso, “amidst”) (formal) στα μέσα (sta mésa, “during the middle time of”) Expressions for media: μέσο μαζικής ενημέρωσης n pl (méso mazikís enimérosis, “medium, mass medium -literally: of information-”) (initialism: ΜΜΕ) μέσο μαζικής επικοινωνίας n pl (méso mazikís epikoinonías, “medium, mass medium -literally: of communication-”) (initialism: ΜΜΕ) μέσο μαζικής μεταφοράς n (méso mazikís metaforás, “(vehicle) of mass transportation, public transport”) μέσο μαζικών μεταφορών n (méso mazikón metaforón, “(vehicle) of mass transportation, public transport”)

Question 64

επιτελώ αποτέλεσμα αποτελεσματικότητα

Answer 64

EFFECT - EFFICACY Translations of efficacy Noun αποτελεσματικότητα effectiveness, efficacy ———————————————- Translations of effect Noun αποτέλεσμα result, effect, score, outcome, conclusion, upshot επίδραση effect, affection δράση action, effect, acting ενέργεια energy, action, power, act, effect, acting πράξη act, practice, transaction, action, deed, effect εφφέ effect εντύπωση impression, effect, sensation, impressiveness σκοπός purpose, objective, aim, scope, view, effect Verb κατορθώνω manage, succeed in, achieve, effect, put over επιτελώ effect, achieve, put through From Old French efficace, from Late Latin efficācia (“efficacy”), from efficāx (“efficacious”); see efficacious. Pronunciation[edit] IPA(key): /ˈɛf.ɪ.kə.si/ Noun[edit] efficacy (usually uncountable, plural efficacies) Ability to produce a desired effect under ideal testing conditions. Degree of ability to produce a desired effect. ``` Synonyms efficacity Related terms[edit] effect effective effectiveness effectivity effector effectual effectuate efficacious efficacity efficiency efficient ```

Question 65

διαδικασία

Answer 65

PROCESS - PROCEDURE δικασία (“Lawsuit”) διαδικασία • (diadikasía) f (plural διαδικασίες) procedure, process, method, protocol (computing) function, subroutine, procedure δικά ``` Pronoun [ edit ] own • ( dika ) Nominative plural neuter form of hers ( dikos ) . My own things. Ta diká mou pragmata. My own things. Accusative plural neuter form of hers ( dikos ) . Give me my own things. Dóse mou ta diká mou prágmata. Give me my ( own ) things. Vocative plural neuter form of hers ( dikos ) . My boys, where are you going? Diká mou agória, pou páte? My own (dear) boys, where are you going? ``` ————————————————————————— FUNCTION function ( plural functions ) What something does or is used for. Synonyms: aim , intention , purpose , role , use A professional or official position. Synonyms: occupation , office , part , role An official or social occasion . Synonyms: affair , occasion , social occasion , social function Something which is dependent on or stems from another thing; a result or concomitant . A relation where one thing is dependent on another for its existence, value, or significance. English Wikipedia has an article on: Function (mathematics) ( mathematics ) A relation in which each element of the domain is associated with exactly one element of the codomain . Synonyms: map , mapping , mathematical function , operator , transformation Hypernym: relation ( computing ) A routine that receives zero or more arguments and may return a result. Synonyms: procedure , routine , subprogram , subroutine , func , funct ( biology ) The physiological activity of an organ or body part. ( chemistry ) The characteristic behavior of a chemical compound. ( anthropology ) The role of a social practice in the continued existence of the group. From Middle French function , from Old French fonction , from Latin functiō ( “ performance, execution ” ) , from functus , perfect participle of fungor ( “ to perform, execute, discharge ” ) . ———————————————————————- PROCESS Translations of process Noun διαδικασία procedure, process, proceedings, litigation διεργασία process μέθοδος method, process, system πορεία course, procedure, route, process, march, procession κατεργασία treatment, process δικαστική κλήση process, summons πράξη act, practice, transaction, action, deed, process Verb κατεργάζομαι process, tool, work Process ( plural processes ) A series of events which produce a result (the product ). This product of last month's quality standards committee is quite good, even though the process was flawed. ( manufacturing ) A set of procedures used to produce a product , most commonly in the food and chemical industries. A path of succession of states through which a system passes. ( anatomy ) Successive physiological responses to maintain or restore health. ( law ) Documents issued by a court in the course of a lawsuit or action at law, such as a summons , mandate , or writings . ( biology ) An outgrowth of tissue or cell. ( anatomy ) A structure that arises above a surface. ( computing ) An executable task or program . The center mark that players aim at in the game of squails . —————————————————————————— METHOD method ( countable and uncountable , plural Methods ) A process by which a task is completed ; a way of doing something (followed by the adposition of , to or for before the purpose of the process): If one method does not work, you should ask a friend to help you. ( acting , often "the method" ) A technique for acting based on the ideas articulated by Konstantin Stanislavski and focusing on authentically experiencing the inner life of the character being portrayed. Synonym: method acting ( object-oriented programming ) A subroutine or function belonging to a class or object . Synonym: member function ( slang ) Marijuana . Synonyms: see Thesaurus: marijuana ( dated ) An instruction book systematically arranged. ———————————————————————- INSTRUCTION instruc- ( countable and uncountable , plural Instructions ) ( uncountable ) The act of instructing , teaching , or furnishing with information or knowledge . Students receive instruction in the arts and sciences. Instruction will be provided on how to handle difficult customers. ( countable ) An instance of the information or knowledge so furnished. ( countable ) An order or command . ( computing ) A single operation of a processor defined by an instruction set architecture. A set of directions provided by a manufacturer for the users of a product or service. From Middle English instruccioun , from Old French instruccion , from Latin instructio ; to equivalent instruct + -ion . ``` Suffix -ion ( non-productive ) an action or process , or the result of an action or process ion transfix react ion ( non-productive ) a state or condition indirect ion bisect ion ``` Noun ōnstrūctiō f ( genitive ūnstrūctiōnis ); third declension A constructing , erecting , building , insertion . An arranging , planting , setting in array ; formation . ( figuratively ) An instruction , training . From instruo ( " build, construct; arrange " ) + -tio . Verb ōnstruō ( present infinitive strunstruere , perfect active ūnstrūxī , supine ūnstrūctum ); third conjugation , limited passive I build in or into, insert ; erect , construct I arrange , organise or organize , plan ; devise I prepare (for), provide (for), make ready , set up , furnish , provide , equip , fit out, procure I provide with information , teach , inform , instruct ( military ) I draw up (in battle formation ), array , set in order , form From Proto-Italic * enstrowō . To Equivalent in- ( " in, at, on " ) + struo ( " pile up, arrange; construct " ) Verb struō ( present infinitive struere , perfect active strūxī , supine strūctum ); third conjugation to place one thing on top of another, to pile up, join together I compose , construct , build I ready , prepare , devise , contrive I place , arrange to heap up, load with From Proto-Italic * strowō (with spurious c in struxī and structum ), from Proto-Indo-European * strew- ( “ to strew, to spread out ” ) . Cognate with Old English strewian ( English strew ), Old Norse strá . ``` astruō circumstruō cōnstruō dēstruō extrude instruō interstruō obstruō perstruō praestruō rēstruō structure substruō superstruō ``` ———————————————————————- METHOD μέθοδος method, process, system Noun method • ( méthodos ) f ( genitive method ); second declension following after, pursuit pursuit of knowledge, investigation , inquiry ; hence, treatise mode of prosecuting such inquiry, method , system , plan doctrine “Methodic” medicine ( rhetoric ) means means of recognizing mode of treating the subject-matter trick , ruse , stratagem From μετ᾽ (after, change) +‎ ὁδός (sojourn, way, journey, path). μεθοδῐκός • (methodikós) m (feminine μεθοδῐκή, neuter μεθοδῐκόν); first/second declension going to work by rule, methodical, systematic (surgery, of treatment) first-aid crafty ὁδός • (hodós) f (genitive ὁδοῦ); second declension threshold road, path, way Synonym: οὔθα (oútha) journey, trip, expedition The way, means, or manner to some end, method From Proto-Indo-European *sodós, from *sed- (“to sit”). Cognates include Old Church Slavonic ходъ (xodŭ) and Sanskrit साद (sāda, “a sitting, riding, motion”). For the semantic development compare English set out from this root and road from Proto-Germanic *raidō (“ride, journey”), from Proto-Germanic *rīdaną (“to ride”). ᾰ̓́νοδος • (ánodos) f (genitive ᾰ̓νόδου); second declension way up, ascent, climb. From ἀνά (aná, “up”) +‎ ὁδός (hodós, “way, road”). δίοδος • (díodos) m (plural δίοδοι) way, (mountain) pass, passage connecting two points (physics, electronics) diode (electronic component) Compound of διά (diá, “through, across”) +‎ ὁδός (ὁdós, “way, path”). ``` εἴσοδος • (eísodos) f (genitive εἰσόδου); second declension way in, entrance, entry Antonym: ἔξοδος (éxodos) an act of going in, entrance entrance into the lists to contend in the games a right or privilege of entrance a visit that which comes in, income, revenue ``` From εἰσ- (eis-, “into”) +‎ ὁδός (hodós, “way”). ``` ἔξοδος • (éxodos) f (genitive ἐξόδου); second declension departure, leaving a way out, exit Antonym: εἴσοδος (eísodos) divorce end, close death ``` From ἐξ- (ex-, “out”) +‎ ὁδός (hodós, “path, road”). ἔφοδος • (éphodos) m (genitive ἐφόδου); second declension approach, access attack, charge, onslaught ἐπι- (epi-) +‎ ὁδός (hodós) ἐπῐ- • (epi-) (place) on, upon, on top of, all over, covering (motion) on, over (addition, accompaniment) in addition to, as interest on, with (time) after (of superiority, authority, motivation) over, at, for, against (intensive) over- ``` Noun κᾰ́θοδος • (káthodos) f (genitive κᾰθόδου); second declension way down, descent Synonym: κατάβασις (katábasis) Antonym: ἄνοδος (ánodos) ``` ``` κάθοδος • (káthodos) f (plural κάθοδοι) (physics, chemistry, electricity) cathode Antonyms: άνοδος (ánodos), ιόν (ión) Coordinate terms: ηλεκτρόδιο (ilektródio), ιόν (ión) decrease descent, route downwards route southwards (politics) participation in an election. ``` From κατά (katá, “down”) +‎ ὁδός (hodós, “way, road”). Adjective ὅδῐος • (hódios) m or f (neuter ὅδῐον); second declension belonging to a way or journey From ὁδός (hodós, “way, road”) +‎ -ῐος (-ios). Suffix -ῐος • (-ios) m (feminine -ῐ́ᾱ, neuter -ῐον); first/second declension Suffix added to nouns or adjectives, forming adjectives: pertaining to, belonging to ("of"). Noun ὁδοφῠ́λᾰξ • (hodophúlax) m (genitive ὁδοφῠ́λᾰκος); third declension watcher of the roads From ὁδός (hodós, “street, road”) +‎ φύλαξ (phúlax, “guard”). ``` Noun περῐ́οδος • (períodos) f (genitive περῐόδου); second declension going round in a circle, flank march circumference (figuratively) periodic recurrence: of time, of events, of thoughts roster (astronomy) of orbit (medicine) menstruation chart of the Earth (grammar, rhetoric) period (of sentences). ``` From περῐ́ (perí, “around”) +‎ ὁδός (hodós, “path, road”). πρόοδος • (próodos) f (plural πρόοδοι) progress, moving forward πρόσοδος • (prósodos) f (genitive προσόδου); second declension approach, advance income, revenue Antonym: δᾰπᾰ́νη ``` δᾰπᾰ́νη • (dapánē) f (genitive δᾰπᾰ́νης); first declension cost, expenditure Antonym: πρόσοδος (prósodos) money spent or for spending extravagance, prodigality ``` From δάπτω (dáptō, “to devour, consume”). δαπάνη • (dapáni) f (plural δαπάνες) (finance) expenditure, outlay (finance) expenses, costs (finance) payment (figuratively) energy, time spent ``` See also τιμή f (timí) (economics, finance) price, value (of something, asset, fare) κόστος m (kóstos, “cost, cost price”) τίμημα n (tímima, “price”) αντίτιμο n (antítimo, “price”) ``` ``` σῠ́νοδος • (súnodos) f (genitive σῠνόδου); second declension assembly, meeting (in the plural) political associations, conspiracies (in the plural) synods company, guild the meeting of two armies sexual intercourse constriction union, assemblage, combination (grammar) construction (astronomy) conjunction incoming revenue ``` From σῠν- (sun-, “with”) +‎ ὁδός (hodós, “way, path”) ``` σύνοδος • (sýnodos) f (plural σύνοδοι) meeting session (religion) synod, ecclesiastic council (astronomy) conjunction ``` See also συμβούλιο n (symvoúlio, “committee, council”) ``` Adjective φροῦδος • (phroûdos) m (feminine φρούδη, neuter φροῦδον); first/second declension (of persons) gone, fled, departed undone, ruined (of things) gone, vanished ``` Contracted form of προ- (pro-) +‎ ὁδός (hodós, “way, road, path”). προ- • (pro-) (with substantives) (denotes position before or in front) Synonym προβᾰ́λλω • (probállō) (active) to throw or lay before, throw to —————————————————————- πέρασμα • (pérasma) n (plural περάσματα) passage, passing (of time, weather, illness, events) Tο πέρασμα του φασισμού από την Eυρώπη. The passing of fascism from Europe. passage, leg (part of a journey) passing, threading (ring on finger, thread through a needle) —————————————————————— COURSE πορεία • (poreía) f (plural πορείες) course, track, direction of movement πεζοπορικός (pezoporikós, “hiking, walking”, adj) πρωτοπορία f (protoporía, “vanguard”) ——————————————————————— PROTOCOL from πρῶτος (prôtos, “first”) + κόλλα (kólla, “glue”). protocol (countable and uncountable, plural protocols) (now chiefly historical) The minutes, or official record, of a negotiation or transaction; especially a document drawn up officially which forms the legal basis for subsequent agreements based on it. [from 15th c.] (international law, now rare) An official record of a diplomatic meeting or negotiation; later specifically, a draft document setting out agreements to be signed into force by a subsequent formal treaty. [from 17th c.] (international law) An amendment to an official treaty. [from 19th c.] The first leaf of a roll of papyrus, or the official mark typically found on such a page. [from 19th c.] The official formulas which appeared at the beginning or end of certain official documents such as charters, papal bulls etc. [from 19th c.] (sciences) The original notes of observations made during an experiment; also, the precise method for carrying out or reproducing a given experiment. [from 19th c.] The official rules and guidelines for heads of state and other dignitaries, governing accepted behaviour in relations with other diplomatic representatives or over affairs of state. [from 19th c.] (by extension) An accepted code of conduct; acceptable behaviour in a given situation or group. [from 20th c.] (computing) A set of formal rules describing how to transmit or exchange data, especially across a network. [from 20th c.] (medicine) The set of instructions allowing a licensed medical professional to start, modify, or stop a medical or patient care order. [from 20th c.] Borrowed from Middle French protocolle, protocole (“document, record”), from Late Latin protocollum (“the first sheet of a volume (on which contents and errata were written)”), from Byzantine Greek πρωτόκολλον (prōtókollon, “first sheet glued onto a manuscript”), from πρῶτος (prôtos, “first”) + κόλλα (kólla, “glue”). κόλλα • (kólla) f (plural κόλλες) glue, gum sizing, size flour paste, starch paste, starch glue κόλλᾰ • (kólla) f (genitive κόλλης); first declension glue flour paste κόλληση f (kóllisi, “process of glueing”) κόλλημα n (kóllima, “glueing, glued joint”) χρῡσοκόλλᾰ • (khrūsokólla) f (genitive χρῡσοκόλλης); first declension gold solder, malachite, basic copper carbonate dish of linseed and honey From χρῡσός (khrūsós, “gold”) +‎ κόλλα (kólla, “glue”). σαρκοκόλλᾰ • (sarkokólla) f (genitive σαρκοκόλλης); first declension milkvetch (Astragalus fasciculifolius) sarcocol, flesh glue From σάρξ (sárx, “flesh”) +‎ κόλλα (kólla, “glue”). λιθόκολλᾰ • (lithókolla) f (genitive λιθοκόλλης); first declension cement From λίθος (líthos, “stone”) +‎ κόλλα (kólla, “glue”). ἰχθυόκολλᾰ • (ikhthuókolla) f (genitive ἰχθυοκόλλης); first declension fish-glue isinglass From ἰχθύς (ikhthús, “fish”) + κόλλα (kólla, “glue”) isinglass (usually uncountable, plural isinglasses) A form of gelatine obtained from the air bladder of the sturgeon and certain other fish, used as an adhesive and as a clarifying agent for wine and beer. A thin, transparent sheet of mica (probably from its similarity to true isinglass). from German Hausenblase, from Hausen (“sturgeon of the Huso genus”) + Blase (“bladder”). ———————————————————————- PROCESS διεργασία process way of shaping, preparation ( computer ) a program during its operation ( execution ) [1] ≈ Synonyms : work surname : multitasking See also: Process (computers) on Wikipedia κατεργασία Treatment processing the energy or the result of I process. From Ancient Greek ἐργασία ( ergasía , “ work ” ) . work, task, job, profession έργο n (érgo, “work”) ``` έργο • (érgo) n (plural έργα) work, project film, stage play, etc scientific research project art work, painting, etc building project, etc (physics) work (measured in joules) (chemistry, physics) thermodynamic work ``` αγορά εργασίας f (agorá ergasías, “labour market”) άεργος m (áergos, “not working, jobless”) ανεργία f (anergía, “unemployment”) άνεργος m (ánergos, “unemployed”) απεργία f (apergía, “strike”) απεργιακός (apergiakós, “strike”, adjective) απεργός m or f (apergós, “striker”) απεργοσπάστης m (apergospástis, “strike breaker”) απεργοσπάστρια f (apergospástria, “strike breaker”) επίδομα αωεργίας n (epídoma aoergías, “unemployment benefit”) εργάζομαι (ergázomai, “to work”) εργαζόμενος m (ergazómenos, “one that is working”) εργαλείο n (ergaleío, “tool”) εργασία f (ergasía, “job, profession”) εργαστήριο n (ergastírio, “workshop”) εργάτης m (ergátis, “worker”) εργατικός m (ergatikós, “hard working”) εργατικότητα f (ergatikótita, “industriousness”) εργοδότης m (ergodótis, “employer”) εργολαβία f (ergolavía, “enterprise”) εργοστάσιο n (ergostásio, “factory”) ``` Noun ἔργον • (érgon) n (genitive ἔργου); second declension work, labour, task work or deed of war; battle peaceful contest work of industry (agriculture) tillage; tilled land (weaving) woman's work; weaving deed, doing, action thing or matter (passive) that which is wrought or made; work result of work, profit or interest guild or company of workmen Synonym: ἐργᾰσῐ́ᾱ (ergasíā) ``` ``` ᾱ̓ργός (ārgós) Γεώργῐος (Geṓrgios) γεωργός (geōrgós) ἑκᾰ́εργος (hekáergos) ἐνέργειᾰ (enérgeia) ἐνεργέω (energéō) ἐνεργής (energḗs) ἐργᾰ́ζομαι (ergázomai) ἐργᾰλεῖον (ergaleîon) ἐργᾰστήρῐον (ergastḗrion) ἐργᾰ́της (ergátēs) ἐργώδης (ergṓdēs) κᾰκοῦργος (kakoûrgos) Λῠκοῦργος (Lukoûrgos) ``` Verb ἔργω • (érgō) to close off, enclose From Proto-Indo-European *h₁wreǵ- (“to close, enclose”). Cognate with Sanskrit वृज (vṛja, “wattle, fence”) and Middle Irish fraig (“interior wall”). ``` ἀνεέργω (aneérgō) ἀποέργω (apoérgō) διεέργω (dieérgō) προεέργω (proeérgō) συνέργω (sunérgō) ``` Verb εἴργω • (eírgō) Alternative form of ἔργω (érgō, “to close off, enclose”) εἱργμός • (heirgmós) m (genitive εἱργμοῦ); second declension cage, prison Synonyms: δεσμωτήρῐον (desmōtḗrion), εἱρκτή (heirktḗ) imprisonment From εἴργω (eírgō, “to fence in, shut out”) +‎ -μός (-mós), with aspiration. -μός • (-mós) m (genitive -μοῦ); second declension Forms abstract nouns. ὁρίζω ( horízō, “ make boundaries, divide ” ) → ὁρισμός ( horismós, “ marking out by boundaries ” ) ———————————————————— αναρωτηθούμε we ask ourselves αναρωτιέμαι I wonder p.aor .: I wondered ( deponent ) I ask myself a question and doubt the answers ἀνά + ἐρωτῶ ``` ἐρωτῶ to question synergistic form of ἐρωτάω I ask to know, I ask a question you are welcome ``` ρωτώ I ask a question ρωτάω to inquire, ask a question ερωτώ to question, to seek an answer from ἐρωτάω ( erōtáō , “ Ι question ” ) . ερώτηση • (erótisi) f (plural ερωτήσεις) question (sentence asking for information) Μπορώ να κάνω μια ερώτηση; Boró na káno mia erótisi? May I ask you a question? ερώτημα n (erótima, “question, topic under discussion”) ερωτηματολόγιο n (erotimatológio, “questionnaire”) ερωτηματικός (erotimatikós, “interogative, enquiring”) ερωτηματικό n (erotimatikó, “question mark”) ερωτώ (erotó, “to ask”) επερώτηση f (eperótisi, “interpellation”)

Question 66

ειλικρινά

Answer 66

FRANKLY Adverb ειλικρινά • (eilikriná) frankly, honestly, sincerely ειλικρινά TRANSLATION ειλικρινά sincerely, honestly, genuinely Πιστεύεις ειλικρινά ότι αυτός μπορεί να το κάνει; Do you honestly believe that he can do it? Δεν μπορείς απλώς να απαντήσεις ειλικρινά; Can't you just answer honestly? Ειλικρινά, νιώθω απαίσια! Honestly, I feel awful! οὐδενός none general singular of the indefinite pronoun none and of the neuter gender none οὐδείς - οὐδεμία - οὐδέν nobody / nobody insignificant , unworthy of speech It is inclined like εἷς . The plural nodes (general nonsense , causal node ) is rare and is answered mainly with the second meaning ( negligible ) οὐδεὶς ὅστις οὐ : there is no one who ..., all οὐδένες none, no one nominative plural of indefinite pronoun no one

Question 67

συγκινώ

Answer 67

TO MOVE TOGETHER - LOCKSTEP συγκινώ • (sygkinó) (past συγκίνησα, passive συγκινούμαι, p‑past συγκινήθηκα, ppp συγκινημένος) (transitive) move, touch, affect, thrill, excite (affect emotionally) Με συγκίνησε πολύ αυτή η ταινία. Me sygkínise polý aftí i tainía. That film really touched me. Μας συγκίνησε η ανιδιοτέλειά του. Mas sygkínise i anidiotéleiá tou. His selflessness moved us. (transitive, usually in a negative sentence) appeal to, interest Δεν με συγκινεί η μοντέρνα κλασσική. Den me sygkineí i montérna klassikí. Modern classical (music) doesn't appeal to me. Also see passive συγκινούμαι (sygkinoúmai) Learnedly, from Ancient Greek συγκινῶ (sunkinô, “move together; to mentally rouse”), contracted form of συγκινέω (sunkinéō) from συν- (sun-, “with”) + κινέω (kinéo, “to move”). Equiavalent to (συν) συγ- +‎ κινώ. ``` Derived terms συγκινημένος (sygkiniménos, “moved, touched”, participle) Related terms[edit] ασυγκίνητος (asygkínitos) ευσυγκινησία f (efsygkinisía) ευσυγκίνητος (efsygkínitos) κατασυγκινώ (katasygkinó) συγκίνηση f (sygkínisi, “emotion”) συγκινησία f (sygkinisía) συγκινησιακός (sygkinisiakós) συγκινητικός (sygkinitikós, “moving, touching”) συγκινητικότητα f (sygkinitikótita) and see: κινώ (kinó, “move”) ``` Verb κινώ • (kinó) (past κίνησα, passive κινούμαι, p‑past κινήθηκα) move, start, arouse I am ready to go Synonym: κινάω (kináo) ( colloquial, demotic ) ``` Verb κινάω • (kináo) (past κίνησα, passive κινιέμαι, p‑past κινήθηκα) (demotic, colloquial) (chiefly in the active) I am ready to go variant of κινώ (move) ``` -ω (-o, 1st conjugation verb ending) Suffix -ᾰ́ω • (-áō) 2nd Conjugaction Forms verbs, usually from nouns in -ᾱ (-ā), -η (-ē) —————————————————————- αγγίζω • (angízo) active (past άγγιξα/άγγισα, passive αγγίζομαι) touch, touch on border offend, hurt Conjugation αγγίζω   αγγίζομαι Related terms[edit] άγγιγμα n (ángigma, “touch”) αγγιγμένος (angigménos, “touched”, participle), αγγισμένος (angisménos) άγγιχτος (ángichtos, “untouched”) άγγιαχτος (ángiachtos, “untouched”) ανέγγιχτος (anéngichtos, “untouched”) μυγιάγγιχτος (mygiángichtos, “touchy”) προσεγγίζω (prosengízo, “verge, approach”) προσέγγιση f (proséngisi, “approximation, approaching”) προσεγγιστικός (prosengistikós, “approaching”) Participle αγγισμένος • (angisménos) m (feminine αγγισμένη, neuter αγγισμένο) Alternative form of αγγιγμένος (angigménos): touched Verb ἐγγῐ́ζω • (engízō) to bring near, bring up to (mostly intransitive) to come near, approach From ἐγγῠ́ς (engús, “near”) +‎ -ῐ́ζω (-ízō). Συνε-δρία Council συνήλθε met, meeting, to meet συνέρχομαι συνρχομαι indefinite : συνήλθα I come with others to the same place with a common purpose, I gather meet συνέρχομαι I recuperate Aorist: αόριστος: indefinite, vague (συνήλθα, συνήρθα) ξαναβρίσκω τις αισθήσεις μου μετά από λιποθυμία I regain my senses after fainting αναρρώνω μετά από ασθένεια I recover from illness I regain my senses after fainting ξαναβρίσκω τη διαύγεια, την ηρεμία μου Come together! (= Calm down!) Σύνελθε! (= Ηρέμησε!) ———————————————————————— λιπο- Λιποθυμία to faint Fainting or syncope is the transient loss of consciousness and muscle strength. It is caused by a decrease in blood circulation to the brain. It usually has precursor symptoms such as dizziness, sweating , paleness of the face, blurred vision, nausea, vomiting or a warm sensation in the body. λιπο- fat, oil, margarine, grease, lard ``` Verb λείπω • (leípō) I leave, leave behind I leave alone, release (passive) I am left, remain, survive (intransitive) I leave, depart, disappear I desert, fail I lack, fall short, fail ``` ``` Noun θῡμός • (thūmós) m (genitive θῡμοῦ); second declension (Epic, Attic, Ionic, Doric, Aeolic, Koine) soul, as the seat of emotion, feeling, and thought soul, life, breath soul, heart desire, will temper, passion, disposition anger, rage, wrath heart, love thought, mind ``` From Proto-Hellenic *tʰūmós, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰuh₂mós (“smoke”). Cognates include Sanskrit धूम (dhūmá), Lithuanian dūmas, Latin fūmus, Old Church Slavonic дꙑмъ (dymŭ) and Albanian tym. ``` ἀγρῐόθῡμος (agrióthūmos) ἀθῡμία (athūmía) ἀπροθῡμία (aprothūmía) αὐτοεπιθῡμία (autoepithūmía) βαρυθῡμία (baruthūmía) γλυκυθῡμία (glukuthūmía) Δᾰμᾰσῐ́θῡμος (Damasíthūmos) διθῡμία (dithūmía) δυσθῡμία (dusthūmía) ἐκθῡμία (ekthūmía) ἐνθῡμία (enthūmía) ἐπιθῡμία (epithūmía) εὐθῡμία (euthūmía) θῡμαλγής (thūmalgḗs) Θυμοίτης (Thumoítēs) κᾰκόθῡμος (kakóthūmos) μακροθῡμία (makrothūmía) μικροθῡμία (mikrothūmía) ὀβρῐμόθῡμος (obrimóthūmos) ὀξυθύμια (oxuthúmia) προεπιθῡμία (proepithūmía) προθῡμία (prothūmía) ῥᾴθῡμος (rhā́ithūmos) ``` Noun δῐθῡμῐ́ᾱ • (dithūmíā) f (genitive δῐθῡμῐ́ᾱς); first declension dissension From δῐ́θῡμος (díthūmos, “at variance”) +‎ -ῐ́ᾱ (-íā), from δῐ́ς (dís, “twice”) + θῡμός (thūmós, “soul”) Noun δῠσθῡμῐ́ᾱ • (dusthūmíā) f (genitive δῠσθῡμῐ́ᾱς); first declension despondency, despair From δῠ́σθῡμος (dústhūmos, “despondent”) +‎ -ῐ́ᾱ (-íā), from δῠσ- (dus-, “bad”) + θῡμός (thūmós, “soul”). Antonyms εὐθυμία f (euthumía, “cheerfulness”) εὐθῡμῐ́ᾱ • (euthūmíā) f (genitive εὐθῡμῐ́ᾱς); first declension cheerfulness, good mood contentment, tranquility From εὔθῡμος (eúthūmos, “cheerful”) +‎ -ῐ́ᾱ (-íā), from εὐ- (eu-, “good”) +‎ θῡμός (thūmós, “soul”). ἐκθῡμῐ́ᾱ • (ekthūmíā) f (genitive ἐκθῡμῐ́ᾱς); first declension spirit, ardour, eagerness From ἔκθῡμος (ékthūmos, “frantic, spirited”) +‎ -ῐ́ᾱ (-íā), from ἐκ- (ek-, “out”) +‎ θῡμός (thūmós, “soul”). ἐνθῡμίᾱ • (enthūmíā) f (genitive ἐνθῡμίᾱς); first declension scruple, misgiving From ἐνθῡ́μιος (enthū́mios, “taken to heart”) from ἐν (en, “in”) + θῡμός (thūmós, “soul”) ἐπῐθῡμῐ́ᾱ • (epithūmíā) f (genitive ἐπῐθῡμῐ́ᾱς); first declension yearning, longing, desire, craving Often with a negative connotation: lust Related to ἐπῐ́θῡμος (epíthūmos, “desirous”) +‎ -ῐ́ᾱ (-íā). μᾰκροθῡμῐ́ᾱ • (makrothūmíā) f (genitive μᾰκροθῡμῐ́ᾱς); first declension long-suffering, patience forbearance From μᾰκρόθῡμος (makróthūmos, “long-suffering, patient”) +‎ -ῐ́ᾱ (-íā), from μᾰκρός (makrós, “long”) +‎ θῡμός (thūmós, “soul; temper, passion”) Adjective ῥᾴθῡμος • (rhā́ithūmos) m or f (neuter ῥᾴθῡμον); second declension lighthearted, easy-tempered, frivolous, careless (mostly in bad sense) indifferent, taking things easy (of things) carefree, easy, without worries From ῥᾶ (rhâ, “easily”) +‎ θῡμός (thūmós, “soul, heart”). Adjective ὀβρῐμόθῡμος • (obrimóthūmos) m or f (neuter ὀβρῐμόθῡμον); second declension strong of spirit From ὄβρῐμος (óbrimos, “strong, mighty”) +‎ θῡμός (thūmós, “temper, disposition”). Adjective ὄβρῐμος • (óbrimos) m (feminine ὄβρῐμος or ὀβρίμᾱ, neuter ὄβρῐμον); first/second declension strong, mighty, stout From βρῑ́μη (brī́mē, “strength, might”) ``` Noun βρῑ́μη • (brī́mē) f (genitive βρῑ́μης); first declension strength, might, power Synonym: ῥώμη (rhṓmē) bellowing, roaring threat, menace Synonym: ἀπειλή (apeilḗ) womanly vice ```

Question 68

Συνήλθε | συνέρχομαι

Answer 68

BOARD OF DIRECTORS - THOSE WHO CONVENE OR MEET From Συν (together, with) + ήλθε (came, went) Συνήλθε singular aorist indefinite of the verb συνέρχομαι συνέρχομαι Aorist indefinite : συνήλθα I come with others to the same place with a common purpose, I gather meet ``` I recuperate vague : woke , synirtha I regain my senses after fainting I recover from illness Recover the lucidity , the serenity my Come together! (= Calm down!) ``` το δικαίωμα του συνέρχεσθαι: the right to assemble, gather, meet. ἔρχομαι I am coming

Question 69

ποίηση ποίησις ποιητικός

Answer 69

POETRY ``` Noun ποίηση • (poíisi) f (uncountable) poetry, verse Antonyms: πεζογραφία (pezografía), αντιποιητικός (antipoiitikós) poesy (literary) Antonym: αντιποιητικός (antipoiitikós) ``` From Ancient Greek ποίησις (poíēsis, “poetry”), from ποιέω (poiéō, “I make, do, create”). Noun ποίησις • (poíisis) f Katharevousa form of ποίηση (poíisi), poetry, verse (Katharevousa) fabrication, creation, production (Katharevousa) magical procedure From Ancient Greek ποίησις (poíēsis), ποιέω (poiéō, “to make”). From ποιέω (poiéō, “I make”) +‎ -σις (-sis). Noun ποίησις • (poíēsis) f (genitive ποιήσεως); third declension poetry, poem a creation, fabrication, production Adjective ποιητικός • (poiitikós) m (feminine ποιητική, neuter ποιητικό) poetic, poetical Antonym: αντιποιητικός (antipoiitikós) ``` Verb ποιέω • (poiéō) To make To create To produce (mathematics) To make, to produce To postulate, imply To solve (post-Homeric) To compose, write poetry To write of (an event) in poetry To invent To cause To cause (accusative) to (infinitive) To procure To celebrate, observe Used in the middle with a noun periphrastically for the verb derived from said noun. (with predicate adjective) To make, cause to be To put (mathematics) To multiply (middle) To consider, deem To assume To take time, spend time (later Greek) To sacrifice To prepare To play (sense 3) To do To do (accusative) to (accusative) (with adverb) To act (pro-verb) Refers back to a previous verb: To do To act (medicine) To operate, to be efficacious (in Thucydides) (Koine) To do customarily, To practise (middle) To pretend ``` ποιϝέω Pronunciation IPA(key): /poi̯.wé.ɔː/ → /pyˈe.o/ → /piˈe.o/ Verb ποιϝέω • (poiwéō) (Doric) Alternative form of ποιέω (poiéō) ``` Coordinate terms έμμετρος λόγος m (émmetros lógos) (literally metrical words) στίχοι m pl (stíchoi, “lyrics”) Related terms αντιποιητικός (antipoiitikós, “unpoetic”) ποίημα n (poíima, “poem”) ποιητής m (poiitís, “poet”) ποιητικός (poiitikós, “poetic”) ποιήτρια f (poiítria, “poet”) ``` above: ποιέ-ω (poié-ō) → ποιη-τικός (poiē-tikós). ———————————————————— SUFFIX Suffix -τῐκός • (-tikós) m (feminine -τῐκή, neuter -τῐκόν); first/second declension Added to verbal stems to form adjectives: relating to, suited to, skilled in, able to, -ive ‎ ποιέω ( poiéō, “ to make ” ) + ‎ -τικός ( -tikós ) → ‎ ποιητικός ( poiētikós, “ creative ” ) Added to other stems to form adjectives, particularly those ending in vowels ‎ ἔξω ( éxō, “ outside ” ) + ‎ -τικός ( -tikós ) → ‎ ἐξωτικός ( exōtikós, “ foreign ” ) ‎ ναυ-ς ( nau-s, “ ship ” ) + ‎ -τικός ( -tikós ) → ‎ ναυτικός ( nautikós, “ seafaring ” ) From -σις (-sis, verbal noun suffix) or -τος (-tos, verbal adjective suffix) +‎ -κός (-kós, adjective suffix), occurring in some original cases and later used freely by metanalysis. Certain sound changes happen before the suffix, as before other derivational or inflectional suffixes beginning in τ (t). Labial stops β, π, φ (b, p, ph) become π (p), dental stops δ, θ, τ (d, th, t) become σ (s), velar stops γ, κ, χ (g, k, kh) become κ (k). ‎βλαβ- (blab-, “harm”) + ‎-τικός (-tikós) → ‎βλαβ-τικός → βλαπτικός (blab-tikós → blaptikós, “harmful”) ‎πείθω (peíthō, “persuade”) + ‎-τικός (-tikós) → ‎πειθ-τικός → πειστικός (peith-tikós → peistikós, “persuasive”) ‎πρᾱγ- (prāg-, “do”) + ‎-τικός (-tikós) → ‎πρᾱγ-τικός → πρᾱκτικός (prāg-tikós → prāktikós, “pertaining to action”) Ancient Greek words suffixed with -τικός https://en-wiktionary-org.translate.goog/wiki/Category:Ancient_Greek_words_suffixed_with_-τικός?_x_tr_sl=el&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-US&_x_tr_pto=nui,op,sc

Question 70

πνοή

Answer 70

BREATH Noun πνοή • (pnoḗ) f (genitive πνοῆς); first declension breath From πνέω (to breath) +‎ -η (-action noun) Suffix -η • (-ē) f (genitive -ης); first declension (Attic, Epic, Ionic, Koine) Added to verbal stems ending in a consonant to form an action noun. Added to o-grade of the verbal stem ‎τρέφω (tréphō, “to nourish”) + ‎-η (-ē) → ‎τροφή (trophḗ, “nourishment”) Added to zero-grade of the verbal stem ‎φεύγω (pheúgō, “to flee”) + ‎-η (-ē) → ‎φυγή (phugḗ, “flight”) ‎τυγχάνω (τυχ-) (tunkhánō (tukh-), “to happen”) + ‎-η (-ē) → ‎τύχη (túkhē, “fortune”) Added to e-grade of the verbal stem ‎στέγω (stégō, “to shelter”) + ‎-η (-ē) → ‎στέγη (stégē, “roof”) Suffix -ᾰ • (-a) Added to adjectival roots to form an adverb: -ly ‎σᾰφ-ής (saph-ḗs, “clear”) + ‎-ᾰ (-a) → ‎σᾰ́φᾰ (sápha, “clearly”)

Question 71

``` δίωξη δίωξις διώκω διώκτης διώκτρια ```

Answer 71

PROSECUTION - PLAINTIFF -ξις (and -σις and -ψις) adjective suffix from which abstract and active feminine nouns are derived denoting the energy or effect of the energy of the verb. δίωξις < διώκω persecution f ( cleansing ) persecution δίωξη persecution f legal criminal proceedings against an accused brought by the public prosecutor the prosecutor prosecuted Prosecution : systematic taking of adverse administrative and / or criminal measures against some ≈ Synonyms : persecution the dictatorial government launched prosecutions against dissidents. διώκω prosecute διώκω , πρτ . : Persecuted , shot . : Persecution , path.foni : persecuted , p.aor .: Persecuted , mtch.p.p .: Persecuted chase , seek fight ( legal term ) I bring someone to court , to be tried , I initiate the relevant proceedings ≈ synonyms : plaintiff I oppose specific actions to people with different views or beliefs apply measures disciplinary control. ενάγω plaintiff sue I accuse someone (the defendant) and take him to trial, I file a lawsuit , I file a lawsuit against him From ενάγω < εν (in, into) + άγω (lead, drive, advance) Synonyms Συγγενικές λέξεις synonym words [επεξεργασία] edit διώκομαι διώκτης - διώκτρια διωκτικός διώκω Σύνθετα[επεξεργασία] εκδίωξη επιδίωξη καταδίωξη

Question 72

μᾰ́χη | μάχιμον

Answer 72

BATTLE - COMBAT μᾰ́χη • (mákhē) f (genitive μᾰ́χης); first declension ``` battle, combat quarrel, strife, dispute contest, game battlefield (logic) contradiction, inconsistency ``` ``` Verb[edit] μάχομαι • (mákhomai) (with dative) I make war, fight, battle I quarrel, wrangle, dispute I contend, compete ```

Question 73

λειτουργία

Answer 73

LITURGY λᾱός • (lāós) m (genitive λᾱοῦ); second declension people, people assembled, the people of a country the soldiers common people (as opposed to leaders or priests); the subjects of a prince Adjective λαϊκός • (laïkós) m (feminine λαϊκή, neuter λαϊκό) popular (relating to the people) Λαϊκή Δημοκρατία της Κίνας ― Laïkí Dimokratía tis Kínas ― People's Republic of China folk (customs, dance, etc) λαϊκά τραγούδια ― laïká tragoúdia ― folk songs lay, secular (not ecclesiastical) working class, lower class vulgar, cheap (goods, clothing, etc) (lexicography) colloquial, common (words, language) Synonym: (dictionary abbreviation) λαϊκ. (laïk.) αντιλαϊκός (antilaïkós, “unpopular”) λαϊκά n pl (laïká, “folksong, folk music”) λαϊκή m (laïkí, “street market”) λαϊκός m (laïkós, “layman”) From Ancient Greek λαϊκός (laïkós, “of the people”), from λαός (laós, “crowd, people”) λείτωρ • (leítōr) m (genitive λείτορος); third declension priest λειτορεύω To administrate To serve the people, to do as an administrator does. λειτουργός (leitourgós, “religious minister”) λειτουργός • (leitourgós) m or f (plural λειτουργοί) public official From λήϊτον (lḗïton, “town-hall, council-room”) +‎ -ουργός (-ourgós, “worker”) from λαός (laós, “people”) and ἔργον (érgon, “labor, work”). λειτουργῐ́ᾱ • (leitourgíā) f (genitive λειτουργῐ́ᾱς); first declension (Attic, Koine) public service (religion) ministration λειτουργία • (leitourgía) f (plural λειτουργίες) (religion) liturgy, Mass, Eucharist, divine service function, operation, service, working(s) ώρες λειτουργίας ― óres leitourgías ― working hours βιολογική λειτουργία ― viologikí leitourgía ― biological function αλειτούργητος (aleitoúrgitos, “unconsecrated”) απολείτουργα (apoleítourga, “after Eucharist”, adverb) απολειτουργώ (apoleitourgó, “Ι complete the liturgy”) λειτουργικός (leitourgikós, “functional”) λειτουργός m or f (leitourgós, “public official”) λειτουργώ (leitourgó, “to function”) λειτουργώ • (leitourgó) (past λειτούργησα, passive λειτουργούμαι/λειτουργιέμαι, ppp λειτουργημένος) function, operate λειτουργία f (leitourgía, “liturgy, function”) Adjective λειτουργικός • (leitourgikós) m (feminine λειτουργική, neuter λειτουργικό) operational, operating, running functional

Question 74

πρίγκιπας - πριγκίπισσα

Answer 74

FIRST CITIZEN - PRINCEPS Surface etymology: prīmus (“first”) +‎ -ceps (“catcher, capiō”). - ceps (genitive -cipitis); third-declension one-termination suffix - headed - fold - ceps m (genitive -cipis); third declension - catcher - taker capiō (present infinitive capere, perfect active cēpī, supine captum); third conjugation iō-variant I take, I capture, I catch, I seize, I take captive, I storm I take on, adopt I hold, I contain I occupy, I possess I take hold of, I take possession of, I possess Metus mē cēpit. ― Fear took hold of me. I take in, I comprehend, I understand I reach (usually indicates traveling by sea) I take in, I receive I get, I receive (said of property, value, money) I captivate, I charm, I fascinate, I enchant ————————————————————— From Hebrew כִּיפָּה‎ (kipá). kippah (plural kippot or kippahs or kippoth) The cloth skullcap or yarmulke traditionally worn by male Jews. yarmulke (plural yarmulkes) A skullcap worn by religious Jewish males (especially during prayer). [from 1903] Synonyms: kippah, kappel, skullcap Yiddish יאַרמלקע‎ (yarmlke) skullcap (plural skullcaps) A small domed cap that covers the area from the forehead to just above the back of the neck. A yarmulke-like hat worn as an element of ghetto fashion. (anatomy) The calvaria, the top part of the skull, covering the cranial cavity containing the brain. (botany) Any of several species of flowering plants of the genus Scutellaria, in the Lamiaceae family. (historical) A torture device for compressing the skull. ————————————————————— prī̆nceps cīvitās (“first citizen”) (a title of the Roman Emperors, beginning with Caesar Augustus) πρίγκιπας • (prígkipas) m (plural πρίγκιπες, feminine πριγκίπισσα) prince, title for the male children of a king and sometimes the extended royal family. title for the ruler of a small country senior title of the nobility (figuratively) A person living in luxury. Zει σαν πρίγκιπας. Zei san prígkipas. He lives like a prince. πρῖγκῐψ • (prînkips) m (genitive πρῑ́γκῐπος); third declension prince prī̆nceps m or f (genitive prī̆ncipis); third declension a leader, first man or woman, head The official Style of the British sovereign : Elizabeth II, Deī Grātiā Britanniārum Rēgnōrumque Suōrum Cēterōrum Rēgīna, Cōnsortiōnis Populōrum Prīnceps, Fideī Dēfēnsor Elizabeth II, by the Grace of God of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and of Her other Realms and Territories Queen, Head of the Commonwealth, Defender of the Faith a principal person an author, originator, founder a chief, director a prince, sovereign (military, as plural) company or division of the second line of soldiers princeps civitatis (Meaning, roughly, 'first citizen') https: //en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Princeps https: //en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Principate Adjective prī̆nceps (genitive prī̆ncipis); third-declension one-termination adjective first, foremost chief, distinguished

Question 75

διάδοχος

Answer 75

SUCCESSOR Noun διάδοχος • (diádochos) m or f (plural διάδοχοι) successor (person or thing that immediately follows another in holding an office) Ο Τραμπ ήταν ο διάδοχος του Ομπάμα. O Tramp ítan o diádochos tou Ompáma. Trump was Obama's successor. heir, heiress (someone who is designated to inherit the throne in monarchies) Ο Πρίγκιπας της Ουαλίας είναι ο διάδοχος του αγγλικού θρόνου. O Prígkipas tis Oualías eínai o diádochos tou anglikoú thrónou. The Prince of Wales is the heir to the English throne. (colloquial) firstborn son, eldest boy (in a family unit) Να σας ζήσει ο διάδοχος! Na sas zísei o diádochos! Long live your eldest! διάδοχος • (diádochos) m (feminine διάδοχος or διάδοχη, neuter διάδοχο) successor (coming after the other in a series) το διάδοχο πολιτικό σχήμα στην εξουσία της χώρας to diádocho politikó schíma stin exousía tis chóras the successor political shape in the country's power διαδοχή f (diadochí, “succession, series”) ``` δοχή, ῆς, ἡ Part of Speech: Noun, Feminine Transliteration: doché Phonetic Spelling: (dokh-ay') Definition: a reception, a banquet Usage: a feast, banquet, reception. ``` feast. From dechomai; a reception, i.e. Convivial entertainment -- feast. ``` δέχομαι Part of Speech: Verb Transliteration: dechomai Phonetic Spelling: (dekh'-om-ahee) Definition: to receive Usage: I take, receive, accept, welcome. HELPS Word-studies 1209 déxomai – properly, to receive in a welcoming (receptive) way. 1209 (déxomai) is used of people welcoming God (His offers), like receiving and sharing in His salvation (1 Thes 2:13) and thoughts (Eph 6:17). ``` 1209/dexomai ("warmly receptive, welcoming") means receive with "ready reception what is offered" (Vine, Unger, White, NT, 7), i.e. "welcome with appropriate reception" (Thayer). [The personal element is emphasized with 1209 (déxomai) which accounts for it always being in the Greek middle voice. This stresses the high level of self-involvement (interest) involved with the "welcoming-receiving." 1209 (déxomai) occurs 59 times in the NT.] to receive, grant access to, a visitor; not to refuse contact or friendship: the thing offered in speaking, teaching, instructing; to receive favorably, give ear to, embrace, make one's own, approve, not to reject to receive equivalent to to take upon oneself, sustain, bear, endure: τινα, his bearing and behavior accept, receive, take. Middle voice of a primary verb; to receive (in various applications, literally or figuratively) -- accept, receive, take. Compare lambano. see GREEK lambano ``` λαμβάνω Part of Speech: Verb Transliteration: lambanó Phonetic Spelling: (lam-ban'-o) Definition: to take, receive Usage: (a) I receive, get, (b) I take, lay hold of. ``` 2983 lambánō (from the primitive root, lab-, meaning "actively lay hold of to take or receive," see NAS dictionary) – properly, to lay hold by aggressively (actively) accepting what is available (offered). 2983 /lambánō ("accept with initiative") emphasizes the volition (assertiveness) of the receiver. to take with the hand, lay hold of, any person or thing in order to use it: absolutely, where the context shows what is taken. to take what is one's own, to take to oneself, to make one's own. of that which when taken is not let go, like the Latincapio, equivalent to to seize, lay hold of, apprehend. ———————————————————————————

Question 76

δῠνᾰ́στης - δῠνᾰστείᾱ

Answer 76

DYNASTY ``` Noun δῠνᾰστείᾱ • (dunasteíā) f (genitive δῠνᾰστείᾱς); first declension Dominion, lordship, political power. The exercise of political power. A close oligarchy. A show of power, a mighty deed. ``` From δῠνᾰ́στης (dunástēs, “ruler, petty ruler”) +‎ -ῐ́ᾱ (-íā). ``` Noun δῠνᾰ́στης • (dunástēs) m (genitive δῠνᾰ́στου); first declension Lord, ruler (Greek mythology) Epithet of Zeus (Greek mythology) Epithet of Poseidon A princeling, a petty ruler Master The chief men of a state or place. ``` δυνάστης • (dynástis) m (plural δυνάστες) oppressing ruler, dynast Synonyms οίκος m (oíkos) (house, especially in Europe) From δύναμαι (dúnamai, “be able”) +‎ -στης (-stēs, masculine agentive suffix). Verb δῠ́νᾰμαι • (dúnamai); deponent (with infinitive) to be able, capable, strong enough to do, can (of moral possibility) to be able, to dare, to bear to do (with ὡς (hōs) and a superlative) as much as one can to pass for (of money) to be worth (of numbers) to be equivalent, to equal (of words) to signify, mean (as a mathematical term) to be the root of a square number, to be the side of a square (impersonal) it is possible, it can be ``` Noun δῠ́νᾰμῐς • (dúnamis) f (genitive δῠνᾰ́μεως); third declension power, might, strength ability, skill power, authority, influence force of war magic, magically potent substance or object, magic powers manifestation of divine power: miracle faculty, capacity worth, value The force of a word: meaning (mathematics) square root (mathematics) power ``` ``` Noun δύναμη • (dýnami) f (plural δυνάμεις) power, force, strength, brawn (military) force δύναμη καταδρομών (commando force) (physics) force Η ισχύς ισούται με το γινόμενο της ταχύτητας επί τη δύναμη. (Power equals the velocity multiplied by the force.) ```

Question 77

πρᾳΰτης

Answer 77

MEEK - GENTLE ``` πρᾳΰτης, τητος, ἡ Part of Speech: Noun, Feminine Transliteration: prautés Phonetic Spelling: (prah-oo'-tace) Definition: gentleness Usage: mildness, gentleness. HELPS Word-studies Cognate: 4240 praýtēs (compare 4236 /praótēs, another feminine noun which is also derived from the root pra-, emphasizing the divine origin of the meekness) – meekness ("gentle strength") which expresses power with reserve and gentleness. See 4236 (praotes). ``` For the believer, meekness (4240 /praýtēs, "gentle-force") begins with the Lord's inspiration and finishes by His direction and empowerment. It is a divinely-balanced virtue that can only operate through faith (cf. 1 Tim 6:11; 2 Tim 2:22-25). ``` πρᾳότης, τητος, ἡ Part of Speech: Noun, Feminine Transliteration: praotés Phonetic Spelling: (prah-ot'-ace) Definition: meekness Usage: mildness, gentleness, meekness, kindness. HELPS Word-studies 4236 praótēs– properly, temperate, displaying the right blend of force and reserve (gentleness). 4236 /praótēs ("strength in gentleness") avoids unnecessary harshness, yet without compromising or being too slow to use necessary force. ``` For the believer, 4236 /praótēs ("meekness") is the fruit (product) of the Holy Spirit (Gal 5:23), i.e. it is never something humanly accomplished (or simply "biological"). ``` πραΰς, πραεῖα, πραΰ Part of Speech: Adjective Transliteration: praus Phonetic Spelling: (prah-ooce') Definition: meekness Usage: mild, gentle. HELPS Word-studies Cognate: 4239 praýs (also listed as 4239a/praupathia in NAS dictionary) – meek. See 4236 (praótēs). ``` This difficult-to-translate root (pra-) means more than "meek." Biblical meekness is not weakness but rather refers to exercising God's strength under His control – i.e. demonstrating power without undue harshness. [The English term "meek" often lacks this blend – i.e. of gentleness (reserve) and strength.] πραεῖς meek Adj-NMP

Question 78

κλῆρος

Answer 78

HEIR - INHERITOR ``` κληρονομήσουσιν will inherit V-FIA-3P Mathew 5:5 Blessed are the meek, for they will inherit the earth. ``` ``` κληρονόμος, ου, ὁ Part of Speech: Noun, Masculine Transliteration: kléronomos Phonetic Spelling: (klay-ron-om'-os) Definition: an heir Usage: an heir, an inheritor. HELPS Word-studies 2818 klēronómos (a masculine noun derived from 2819 /klḗros, "lot" and nemō, "to distribute, allot") – an heir; someone who inherits. ``` [In ancient times, inheritance was often determined by casting lots (such as with land disposition). This practice was attested even in secular life by Herodotus (2:109), Plato (Lg.74), etc. Lot-casting determined land allotments (distribution) related to inheritance, as well as to "title-deeds, legacy, inheritance, heritable estate" (LS).] ``` κλῆρος, ου, ὁ Part of Speech: Noun, Masculine Transliteration: kléros Phonetic Spelling: (klay'-ros) Definition: a lot Usage: (a) a lot, (b) a portion assigned; hence: a portion of the people of God assigned to one's care, a congregation. HELPS Word-studies Cognate: 2819 klḗros (a masculine noun derived from klēro, "to cast a lot") – properly, a lot, cast to distribute ("apportion"). Scripture encourages casting lots (2819 /klḗros) to better discern the preferred-will of God (cf. 2307 /thélēma and their association in Col 1:9-12). ``` [2818 /klēronómos ("heir") is derived from 2819 /klḗros ("lot, the casting of lots"), not the other way around – i.e. the term "lots" is not derived from 2818 (klēronómos). Moreover, 2819 (klḗros) is not etymologically related to (cognate with) 2975/lagxanō ("to cast lots," see there).] ``` κληρονομέω Part of Speech: Verb Transliteration: kléronomeó Phonetic Spelling: (klay-ron-om-eh'-o) Definition: to inherit Usage: I inherit, obtain (possess) by inheritance, acquire. HELPS Word-studies Cognate: 2816 klēronoméō (from 2818 /klēronómos, "a specific allotment of inheritance, apportioned by casting lots") – properly, to assign inheritance (inherit) by lot. See 2818 (klēronomos) for more discussion on sonship and inheritance. ``` 2816 /klēronoméō ("to assign inheritance by lot-casting") is used in relation to believers claiming their earthly inheritance assigned (alloted) by the Lord. [The believer receives their opportunity and reward for inheritance by divine-lot (cf. Eph 1:11, Gk text), which apportions the possessions of the Father for their gift of inheritance.] ``` θέλημα, ατος, τό Part of Speech: Noun, Neuter Transliteration: theléma Phonetic Spelling: (thel'-ay-mah) Definition: will Usage: an act of will, will; plur: wishes, desires. HELPS Word-studies 2307 thélēma (from 2309 /thélō, "to desire, wish") – properly, a desire (wish), often referring to God's "preferred-will," i.e. His "best-offer" to people which can be accepted or rejected. ``` [Note the -ma suffix, focusing on the result hoped for with the particular desire (wish). 2307 (thélēma) is nearly always used of God, referring to His preferred-will. Occasionally it is used of man (cf. Lk 23:25; Jn 1:13.]

Question 79

δίκη

Answer 79

JUSTICE δίκη, ης, ἡ Part of Speech: Noun, Feminine Transliteration: diké Phonetic Spelling: (dee'-kay) Definition: right (as self-evident), justice (the principle, a decision or its execution) Usage: (a) (originally: custom, usage) right, justice, (b) process of law, judicial hearing, (c) execution of sentence, punishment, penalty, (d) justice, vengeance. HELPS Word-studies Cognate: 1349 díkē – properly, right, especially a judicial verdict which declares someone approved or disapproved; a judgment (just finding) that regards someone (something) as "guilty" or "innocent." See 1343 (dikaiosynē). [1349 (díkē) is used in classical Greek for a legal decision – a recompense (based on justice). In the LXX, dikē is used nine times to translate rî, the Hebrew term for "law-suit."] right (as self-evident), justice (the principle, a decision or its execution) δίκαιος, ία, ιον Part of Speech: Adjective Transliteration: dikaios Phonetic Spelling: (dik'-ah-yos) Definition: correct, righteous, by implication innocent Usage: just; especially, just in the eyes of God; righteous; the elect (a Jewish idea). HELPS Word-studies Cognate: 1342 díkaios (an adjective, derived from dikē, "right, judicial approval") – properly, "approved by God" (J. Thayer); righteous; "just in the eyes of God" (Souter). See 1343 ("dikaiosynē). ["Righteous" relates to conformity to God's standard (justice). For more on the root-idea see the cognate noun, 1343 /dikaiosýnē ("righteousness").] 1342 /díkaios ("righteous, just") describes what is in conformity to God's own being (His will, standard of rightness); hence "upright." ``` Adjective δῐ́καιος • (díkaios) m (feminine δῐκαίᾱ, neuter δῐ́καιον); first/second declension observant of custom, orderly, civilized righteous equal, even, balanced exact, specific lawful, just, right fitting, normal real, genuine ``` From δῐ́κη (díkē, “custom, right”) +‎ -ῐος (-ios, adjective suffix). ``` δικαιοσύνη, ης, ἡ Part of Speech: Noun, Feminine Transliteration: dikaiosuné Phonetic Spelling: (dik-ah-yos-oo'-nay) Definition: righteousness, justice Usage: (usually if not always in a Jewish atmosphere), justice, justness, righteousness, righteousness of which God is the source or author, but practically: a divine righteousness. HELPS Word-studies 1343 dikaiosýnē (from 1349 /díkē, "a judicial verdict") – properly, judicial approval (the verdict of approval); in the NT, the approval of God ("divine approval"). ``` 1343 /dikaiosýnē ("divine approval") is the regular NT term used for righteousness ("God's judicial approval"). 1343 /dikaiosýnē ("the approval of God") refers to what is deemed right by the Lord (after His examination), i.e. what is approved in His eyes. δῐκαιοσῠ́νη • (dikaiosúnē) f (genitive δῐκαιοσῠ́νης); first declension righteousness, justice fulfillment of the law Pythagorean name for four δικαιοσύνη f (dikaiosýni, “justice”) δικαιοσύνη • (dikaiosýni) f (uncountable) (law) justice, judicial system (capitalised): Justice (the law personified) justice (impartiality, fairness) δίκη f (díki, “trial”) -σῠ́νη -y -ice -acy -tion -ence -ance -σῠ́νη • (-súnē) f (genitive -σῠ́νης); first declension Forms abstract nouns from adjectives or nouns ‎δῐ́καιος (díkaios, “just”) + ‎-σῠ́νη (-súnē) → ‎δῐκαιοσύνη (dikaiosúnē, “justice”) ‎μᾰ́ντις (mántis, “diviner”) + ‎-οσῠ́νη (-osúnē) → ‎μαντοσύνη (mantosúnē, “divination”) ‎μνήμων (mnḗmōn, “remembering”) + ‎-οσῠ́νη (-osúnē) → ‎μνημοσύνη (mnēmosúnē, “memory”) ‎σώφρων (sṓphrōn, “prudent”) + ‎-σῠ́νη (-súnē) → ‎σωφροσύνη (sōphrosúnē, “prudence”) -σύνη • (-sýni) f Added to adjectives to form abstract feminine nouns. ‎αγράμματος (agrámmatos, “illiterate”) + ‎-σύνη (-sýni) → ‎αγραμματοσύνη (agrammatosýni, “illiteracy”)

Question 80

βασιλεία

Answer 80

KINGDOM βασιλεία, ας, ἡ Part of Speech: Noun, Feminine Transliteration: basileia Phonetic Spelling: (bas-il-i'-ah) Definition: kingdom, sovereignty, royal power Usage: kingship, sovereignty, authority, rule, especially of God, both in the world, and in the hearts of men; hence: kingdom, in the concrete sense. HELPS Word-studies 932 basileía (from 935 /basileús, "king") – properly, kingdom; the realm in which a king sovereignly rules. A kingdom (932 /basileía) always requires a king – as the kingdom (932 /basileía) of God does with King Jesus! 932 (basileía) especially refers to the rule of Christ in believers' hearts – which is a rule that "one day will be universal on the physical earth in the Millennium" (G. Archer). [The kingdom (932 /basileía) is constantly used in connection with the rule of Christ in the hearts of believers – which also extends in various stages.] ``` βασιλεύω Part of Speech: Verb Transliteration: basileuó Phonetic Spelling: (bas-il-yoo'-o) Definition: to be king, reign Usage: (a) I rule, reign, (b) I reign over. HELPS Word-studies Cognate: 936 basileúō (from 935 /basileús, "king") – to reign as king, i.e. exercise dominion (rule). See 932 (basileia). ``` ``` βασιλεύς, έως, ὁ Part of Speech: Noun, Masculine Transliteration: basileus Phonetic Spelling: (bas-il-yooce') Definition: a king Usage: a king, ruler, but in some passages clearly to be translated: emperor. HELPS Word-studies Cognate: 935 basileús – a king (sovereign); often referring to Christ who is "the King of kings" (Rev 19:16), i.e. the King over the Kingdom of the heavens (God). As the King, Jesus Christ has unqualified jurisdiction over all creation – also being God the Creator. (cf. Jn 1:1-3,49). See 932 (basileia). ``` βασιλεία, ας, ἡ Part of Speech: Noun, Feminine Transliteration: basileia Phonetic Spelling: (bas-il-i'-ah) Definition: kingdom, sovereignty, royal power Usage: kingship, sovereignty, authority, rule, especially of God, both in the world, and in the hearts of men; hence: kingdom, in the concrete sense. HELPS Word-studies 932 basileía (from 935 /basileús, "king") – properly, kingdom; the realm in which a king sovereignly rules. A kingdom (932 /basileía) always requires a king – as the kingdom (932 /basileía) of God does with King Jesus! 932 (basileía) especially refers to the rule of Christ in believers' hearts – which is a rule that "one day will be universal on the physical earth in the Millennium" (G. Archer). [The kingdom (932 /basileía) is constantly used in connection with the rule of Christ in the hearts of believers – which also extends in various stages.]

Question 81

θυσιαστήριον

Answer 81

AN ALTER - A PLACE WHERE GOD’S OFFER IS ACCEPTED θυσιαστηρίου of the altar N-GNS ``` θυσιαστήριον, ου, τό Part of Speech: Noun, Neuter Transliteration: thusiastérion Phonetic Spelling: (thoo-see-as-tay'-ree-on) Definition: an altar Usage: an altar (for sacrifice). HELPS Word-studies 2379 thysiastḗrion – altar; (figuratively) the meeting place between God and the true worshiper; (figuratively) the "place" of consecration, where the Lord meets and communes with the sincere believer. ``` 2379 /thysiastḗrion ("a sacred altar") is formed (present) anywhere the believer hears from God and does what they hear (lives in faith). Accordingly, 2379 (thysiastḗrion) and faith (4102 /pístis, "the Lord's inbirthed persuasion") are directly connected (Js 2:21-24). from a derivation of thusia and -térion (suff. denoting place) ``` θυσία, ας, ἡ Part of Speech: Noun, Feminine Transliteration: thusia Phonetic Spelling: (thoo-see'-ah) Definition: a sacrifice Usage: abstr. and concr: sacrifice; a sacrifice, offering. HELPS Word-studies 2378 thysía – properly, an offering (sacrifice); an official sacrifice prescribed by God; hence an offering the Lord accepts because offered on His terms. ``` 2378 /thysía ("sacrifice") refers to various forms of OT blood sacrifices ("types") – all awaiting their fulfillment in their antitype, Jesus Christ (Heb 10:5-12). ``` θύω Part of Speech: Verb Transliteration: thuó Phonetic Spelling: (thoo'-o) Definition: to offer, sacrifice Usage: I sacrifice, generally an animal; hence: I kill. HELPS Word-studies 2380 thýō – to kill as a sacrifice and offer on an altar. 2380 /thýō ("sacrifice") means more than "kill" as it also suggests offering something as a spiritual sacrifice. ```

Question 82

ἀντίδικος

Answer 82

ADVERSARY - ACCUSER - OPPONENT AT LAW ἀντίδικος accuser N-NMS ``` ἀντίδικος, ου, ὁ Part of Speech: Noun, Masculine Transliteration: antidikos Phonetic Spelling: (an-tid'-ee-kos) Definition: an opponent, adversary Usage: an opponent (at law), an adversary. HELPS Word-studies 476 antídikos (from 473 /antí, "against, off-set" and 1349 /díkē, "justice, a judge") – properly, a prosecuting attorney arguing a case-at-law; an "opponent at law" (TDNT). ``` 476 /antídikos ("an accuser, adversary") brings formal charges, i.e. as they are binding to exact penalty. Satan acts as such an adversary, bringing the "(law)suit" of darkness against believers for their eternal damnation (cf. 1 Pet 5:8). Offsetting this is the perfect sacrifice of Christ (Jn 19:30)! [476 (antídikos) is "an adversary in a lawsuit," from anti/"against," and dīkē/"a lawsuit," WS, 319. 476 (antidikos) is a technical legal term used in antiquity of an adversary in a courtroom, i.e. someone seeking official (formal, binding) damages. The papyri (Pl Phdr 237) used 476 (antídikos) of an opponent in a law suit.] ἀντί Part of Speech: Preposition Transliteration: anti Phonetic Spelling: (an-tee') Definition: over against, opposite, instead of Usage: (a) instead of, in return for, over against, opposite, in exchange for, as a substitute for, (b) on my behalf, (c) wherefore, because. HELPS Word-studies 473 antí (a preposition) – properly, opposite, corresponding to, off-setting (over-against); (figuratively) "in place of," i.e. what substitutes (serves as an equivalent, what is proportional). δίκη: right (as self-evident), justice (the principle, a decision or its execution) Original Word: δίκη, ης, ἡ Part of Speech: Noun, Feminine Transliteration: diké Phonetic Spelling: (dee'-kay) Definition: right (as self-evident), justice (the principle, a decision or its execution) Usage: (a) (originally: custom, usage) right, justice, (b) process of law, judicial hearing, (c) execution of sentence, punishment, penalty, (d) justice, vengeance. HELPS Word-studies Cognate: 1349 díkē – properly, right, especially a judicial verdict which declares someone approved or disapproved; a judgment (just finding) that regards someone (something) as "guilty" or "innocent." See 1343 (dikaiosynē). [1349 (díkē) is used in classical Greek for a legal decision – a recompense (based on justice). In the LXX, dikē is used nine times to translate rî, the Hebrew term for "law-suit."]

Question 83

ὑπηρέτης

Answer 83

SUBORDINATE - OFFICER - MINISTER - SERVANT - UNDER ROWER ὑπηρέτῃ officer N-DMS ``` ὑπηρέτης, ου, ὁ Part of Speech: Noun, Masculine Transliteration: hupéretés Phonetic Spelling: (hoop-ay-ret'-ace) Definition: an underling, servant Usage: a servant, an attendant, (a) an officer, lictor, (b) an attendant in a synagogue, (c) a minister of the gospel. HELPS Word-studies 5257 hypērétēs (from 5259 /hypó, "under" and ēressō, "to row") – properly, a rower (a crewman on a boat), an "under-rower" who mans the oars on a lower deck; (figuratively) a subordinate executing official orders, i.e. operating under direct (specific) orders. ``` from hupo and eretés (a rower) ``` ὑπό Part of Speech: Preposition Transliteration: hupo Phonetic Spelling: (hoop-o') Definition: by, under Usage: by, under, about. HELPS Word-studies 5259 hypó (a preposition) – properly, under, often meaning "under authority" of someone working directly as a subordinate (under someone/something else). ``` [5259 (hypó), before a smooth breathing mark becomes hph.] minister, officer, servant. From hupo and a derivative of eresso (to row); an under-oarsman, i.e. (generally) subordinate (assistant, sexton, constable) -- minister, officer, servant. when a person can be linked to royal land, without explicitly being called a royal farmer, he is assigned TM Fu 1282 'royal land (general)'. ὑπ(ηρέτης) ὑπηρέτης 1 ἐρέτης I.properly an under-rower, under-seaman, v. ὑπηρεσία. II.generally an underling, servant, attendant, assistant, Lat. apparitor, Hdt., attic:—c. gen. objecti, ὑπ. ἔργου a helper in a work, Xen. 2.at Athens, a.the servant who attended each man-at-arms (ὁπλίτης) to carry his baggage and shield, Thuc. b.ὁ τῶν ἕνδεκα ὑπ. the assistant of the Eleven, employed in executions, Plat. 1 ὑπ-ηρέτης, ου, ὁ, ἐρέτης rower, on a boat or ship.

Question 84

κοδράντης

Answer 84

QUARTER - ROMAN COIN The Latin quadrans was ¼ of an "as, the same as an assarion (787)," i.e. the same as a farthing, equal to two lepta (mites). κοδράντης: quadrans, one-fourth of an as (a Roman monetary unit) Original Word: κοδράντης, ου, ὁ Part of Speech: Noun, Masculine Transliteration: kodrantés Phonetic Spelling: (kod-ran'-tace) Definition: quadrans, one-fourth of an as (a Roman monetary unit) Usage: a quadrans, the smallest Roman copper coin, a quarter of an as, the sixteenth part of a sesterius. HELPS Word-studies 2835 kodrántēs – a Roman copper coin, worth 1/A of a denarius; "(Latin, = quadrans), 'a quadrans,' the smallest Roman copper coin, a quarter of an as, the sixteenth part of a sestertius" (Souter). The Latin quadrans was ¼ of an "as, the same as an assarion (787)," i.e. the same as a farthing, equal to two lepta (mites). ἀσσάριον, ίου, τό Part of Speech: Noun, Neuter Transliteration: assarion Phonetic Spelling: (as-sar'-ee-on) Definition: an assarion, a farthing (one tenth of a drachma) Usage: a small coin equal to the tenth part of a drachma. HELPS Word-studies 787 assárion – a brass (Roman) coin of little value, i.e. "small change."

Question 85

ἀσσάριον

Answer 85

BRASS COIN - SMALL CHANGE - ROMAN COIN ἀσσάριον, ίου, τό Part of Speech: Noun, Neuter Transliteration: assarion Phonetic Spelling: (as-sar'-ee-on) Definition: an assarion, a farthing (one tenth of a drachma) Usage: a small coin equal to the tenth part of a drachma. 787 assárion – a brass (Roman) coin of little value, i.e. "small change." (diminutive of the Latinas, rabbinical אִיסָּר) (a penny)

Question 86

δραχμή

Answer 86

SILVER COIN - ROMAN ``` δραχμή, ῆς, ἡ Part of Speech: Noun, Feminine Transliteration: drachmé Phonetic Spelling: (drakh-may') Definition: as much as one can hold in the hand, a drachma (a Greek coin made of silver) Usage: a drachma, a Greek silver coin. ``` ``` δράσσομαι Part of Speech: Verb Transliteration: drassomai Phonetic Spelling: (dras'-som-ahee) Definition: to grasp, entrap Usage: I take hold of, grasp, catch. ```

Question 87

ῥακά

Answer 87

EMPTY HEADED NUMB SKULL Mathew 5:21 ῥακά Part of Speech: Aramaic Transliterated Word (Indeclinable) Transliteration: rhaka Phonetic Spelling: (rhak-ah') Definition: empty (an expression of contempt) Usage: empty, foolish. HELPS Word-studies 4469 rhaká (apparently related to the Aramaic term rōq, "empty") – properly, empty-headed. This term expressed contempt for a man's head, viewing him as stupid (without sense) – i.e. a "numbskull" who acts presumptuously and thoughtlessly (TDNT). of Aramaic origin reqam reqam: emptily, vainly ``` Original Word: רֵיקָם Part of Speech: Adverb Transliteration: reqam Phonetic Spelling: (ray-kawm') Definition: emptily, vainly NAS Exhaustive Concordance Word Origin from riq ``` ``` riyq: empty Original Word: רִיק Part of Speech: Noun Masculine Transliteration: riyq Phonetic Spelling: (reek) Definition: to make empty, empty out ``` Emptiness, vanity, without purpose empty, to no purpose, in vain thing, vanity From ruwq; emptiness; figuratively, a worthless thing; adverbially, in vain -- empty, to no purpose, (in) vain (thing), vanity. ruq: arm, cast out, draw out, make empty, pour forth out Original Word: רוּק Part of Speech: Verb Transliteration: ruq Phonetic Spelling: (rook) Definition: arm, cast out, draw out, make empty, pour forth out

Question 88

πρᾳότης - πρᾷος - πραΰς - πραεῖα - πραΰ

Answer 88

MEEK - GENTLE - MILD πρᾳότης: meekness. ``` Original Word: πρᾳότης, τητος, ἡ Part of Speech: Noun, Feminine Transliteration: praotés Phonetic Spelling: (prah-ot'-ace) Definition: meekness Usage: mildness, gentleness, meekness, kindness. HELPS Word-studies 4236 praótēs– properly, temperate, displaying the right blend of force and reserve (gentleness). 4236 /praótēs ("strength in gentleness") avoids unnecessary harshness, yet without compromising or being too slow to use necessary force. ``` For the believer, 4236 /praótēs ("meekness") is the fruit (product) of the Holy Spirit (Gal 5:23), i.e. it is never something humanly accomplished (or simply "biological"). ``` πρᾷος, α, ον Part of Speech: Adjective Transliteration: praos Phonetic Spelling: (prah'-os) Definition: meek Usage: mild, gentle, meek, kind. HELPS Word-studies Cognate: 4235 práos – meek, i.e. the necessary balance of exercising power and avoiding harshness. ``` ``` πραΰς, πραεῖα, πραΰ Part of Speech: Adjective Transliteration: praus Phonetic Spelling: (prah-ooce') Definition: meekness Usage: mild, gentle. HELPS Word-studies Cognate: 4239 praýs (also listed as 4239a/praupathia in NAS dictionary) – meek. See 4236 (praótēs). ``` This difficult-to-translate root (pra-) means more than "meek." Biblical meekness is not weakness but rather refers to exercising God's strength under His control – i.e. demonstrating power without undue harshness. [The English term "meek" often lacks this blend – i.e. of gentleness (reserve) and strength.]

Question 89

παρακλήτι - παρακαλέω

Answer 89

PARACLETE - COMFORTER - ADVOCATE παρακληθήσονται will be comforted Mathew 5:4 The Beatitudes παρακλήτι (in Christian theology) the Holy Spirit as advocate or counselor (John 14:16, 26). παράκληση request the process , the action or the result of it please , the kind and pleading call for help , service , grace , assistance, etc. other forms: ask , parakalema , begged , parakaleto , please , parakalio ( religion ) religious sequence Nicknames : small request / small request rule , big request / big request rule παρακαλώ please ( passive voice : Please / parakaloumai ) I ask with respect if you want him to serve you, you have to please him I please (not insist) to bring embarrassed ( usually highlighted in particular the first or second word ) ``` Συγγενικές λέξεις[επεξεργασία] παρακαλεσμένος παρακαλεστής παρακαλεστικά παρακαλεστικός παρακαλεστός και παρακαλετός παρακαλετό παρακάλι και παρακάλιο παράκληση παρακλητικός Παράκλητος ``` παράκληση request the process , the action or the result of it please , the kind and pleading call for help , service , grace , assistance, etc. other forms: ask , parakalema , begged , parakaleto , please , parakalio ( religion ) religious sequence Nicknames : small request / small request rule , big request / big request rule. παράκλησις A request prayer female the call for (or to) help παρακαλέω Part of Speech: Verb Transliteration: parakaleó Phonetic Spelling: (par-ak-al-eh'-o) Definition: to call to or for, to exhort, to encourage Usage: (a) I send for, summon, invite, (b) I beseech, entreat, beg, (c) I exhort, admonish, (d) I comfort, encourage, console. HELPS Word-studies 3870 parakaléō (from 3844 /pará, "from close-beside" and 2564 /kaléō, "to call") – properly, "make a call" from being "close-up and personal." 3870 /parakaléō ("personally make a call") refers to believers offering up evidence that stands up in God's court. [3870 (parakaléō), the root of 3875 /paráklētos ("legal advocate"), likewise has legal overtones.] beseech, call for, urge From para and kaleo; to call near, i.e. Invite, invoke (by imploration, hortation or consolation) -- beseech, call for, (be of good) comfort, desire, (give) exhort(-ation), intreat, pray. paraclete (n.) mid-15c., Paraclit, a title of the Holy Spirit, from Old French paraclet (13c.), from Medieval Latin paracletus, from a Church Latin rendering of Greek paraklētos "advocate, intercessor, legal assistant," noun use of an adjective meaning "called to one's aid," from parakalein "to call to one's aid," in later use "to comfort, to console," from para (see para- (1)) + kalein "to call" (from PIE root *kele- (2) "to shout"). [I]n the widest sense, a helper, succorer, aider, assistant; so of the Holy Spirit destined to take the place of Christ with the apostles (after his ascension to the Father), to lead them to a deeper knowledge of gospel truth, and to give them the divine strength needed to enable them to undergo trials and persecutions on behalf of the divine kingdom .... [Thayer, "A Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament," 1889] But also sometimes translated in English bibles as Advocate, on the notion of "intercession." The word was earlier borrowed directly from Latin as paraclitus (early 13c.). * kele- (2) * kelə-, Proto-Indo-European root meaning "to shout." Perhaps imitative. It forms all or part of: acclaim; acclamation; Aufklarung; calendar; chiaroscuro; claim; Claire; clairvoyance; clairvoyant; clamor; Clara; claret; clarify; clarinet; clarion; clarity; class; clear; cledonism; conciliate; conciliation; council; declaim; declare; disclaim; ecclesiastic; eclair; exclaim; glair; hale (v.); halyard; intercalate; haul; keelhaul; low (v.); nomenclature; paraclete; proclaim; reclaim; reconcile. It is the hypothetical source of/evidence for its existence is provided by: Sanskrit usakala "cock," literally "dawn-calling;" Latin calare "to announce solemnly, call out," clamare "to cry out, shout, proclaim;" Middle Irish cailech "cock;" Greek kalein "to call," kelados "noise," kledon "report, fame;" Old High German halan "to call;" Old English hlowan "to low, make a noise like a cow;" Lithuanian kalba "language."

Question 90

παρακαταθήκη

Answer 90

A TRUST - A DEPOSIT BOX ``` Noun θήκη • (thḗkē) f (genitive θήκης); first declension box, chest grave, tomb sword sheath From τίθημι (títhēmi, “to place, put”). ``` Suffix -θήκη • (-thḗkē) f (genitive -θήκης); first declension Deverbal suffix from τίθημι (títhēmi), typically indicating a space in which things are put or stored. Suffix -θήκη • (-thíki) f added to words in order to indicate: storage, care of, exhibition παρακαταθήκη Transliteration: parakatathéké Phonetic Spelling: (par-ak-at-ath-ay'-kay) Definition: a trust or deposit HELPS Word-studies 3872 parakatathḗkē (3844 /pará, "from close beside" and 2698 /katatíthēmi, "decisively place") – properly, place alongside, like when the Lord entrusts a sacred stewardship to someone (see 1 Tim 6:20; 2 Tim 1:12). ``` κατατίθημι Part of Speech: Verb Transliteration: katatithémi Phonetic Spelling: (kat-at-ith'-ay-mee) Definition: to lay down Usage: (a) I lay down, deposit, (b) mid: I lay down or deposit a favor, with the view of receiving one in return, seek favor. ``` ``` τίθημι Part of Speech: Verb Transliteration: tithémi Phonetic Spelling: (tith'-ay-mee) Definition: to place, lay, set Usage: I put, place, lay, set, fix, establish. ``` παρά Part of Speech: Preposition Transliteration: para Phonetic Spelling: (par-ah') Definition: from beside, by the side of, by, beside Usage: gen: from; dat: beside, in the presence of; acc: alongside of. HELPS Word-studies 3844 pará (a preposition) – properly, close beside. 3844 /pará ("from closely alongside") introduces someone (something) as very "close beside." 3844 (pará) an emphatic "from," means "from close beside" ("alongside"). It stresses nearness (closeness) which is often not conveyed in translation. 3844 (pará) is typically theologically significant, even when used as a prefix (i.e. in composition). 3844 (pará) usually adds the overtone, "from close beside" (implying intimate participation) and can be followed by the genitive, dative, or accusative case – each one conveying a distinct nuance. ``` κατά Part of Speech: Preposition Transliteration: kata Phonetic Spelling: (kat-ah') Definition: down, against, according to Usage: gen: against, down from, throughout, by; acc: over against, among, daily, day-by-day, each day, according to, by way of. HELPS Word-studies 2596 katá (a preposition, governing two grammatical cases) – properly, "down from, i.e. from a higher to a lower plane, with special reference to the terminus (end-point)" (J. Thayer). ``` [2596 (katá) is written 'kat' or 'kath' before a vowel. So too, kata loses the final a before an initial diphthong (cf. BDF § 17; MH 61-62; R 206-208). 2596 /katá ("bring down exactly, complete") is "opposite" to 303 /aná ("bring up to completion").]

Question 91

πείνα - πένης

Answer 91

HUNGER - POOR MAN - ONE WHO HUNGERS ``` πένης, ητος, ὁ Part of Speech: Noun, Masculine Transliteration: penés Phonetic Spelling: (pen'-ace) Definition: one who works for his living Usage: one who works for his living; a laborer, poor man. ``` ``` πεινάω Part of Speech: Verb Transliteration: peinaó Phonetic Spelling: (pi-nah'-o) Definition: to hunger, be hungry Usage: I am hungry, needy, desire earnestly. ``` πεινῶντες hungering V-PPA-NMP πείνα hunger, famine, starvation, hungriness Noun πείνα • (peína) f (plural πείνες) hunger, famine, starvation πεινώ (peinó, “to be hungry”) Verb πεινάω/πεινώ • (peináo/peinó) (past πείνασα, passive —, ppp πεινασμένος) be hungry, be famished ``` Verb πεινᾰ́ω • (peináō) to be hungry (with genitive) to hunger after (figuratively) to hunger after, long for, crave after ``` From πεῖνᾰ (peîna, “hunger”) +‎ -ᾰ́ω (-áō). -ᾰ́ω • (-áō) Forms verbs, usually from nouns in -ᾱ (-ā), -η (-ē) 2nd Conjugaction, Class I verbs in -ώ Class A: ending in active -άω (-áo) / ώ (ó) and in passive -ιέμαι inflected as -άω/-ώ, -άς, -άει/-ά, ... like αγαπάω/αγαπώ (agapáo/agapó, “I love”) Class B: ending in active -ώ (-ó) and in passive -ούμαι inflected as -ώ, -είς, -εί, ... like θεωρώ (theoró, “consider, examine”)

Question 92

δίψος

Answer 92

THIRST ``` δίψος, ους, τό Part of Speech: Noun, Neuter Transliteration: dipsos Phonetic Spelling: (dip'-sos) Definition: thirst Usage: thirst. ``` ``` διψάω Part of Speech: Verb Transliteration: dipsaó Phonetic Spelling: (dip-sah'-o) Definition: to thirst Usage: I thirst for, desire earnestly. ``` absolutely, to suffer thirst; suffer from thirst: properly, Matthew 25:35, 37, 42, 44; John 4:15; John 19:28; Romans 12:20; 1 Corinthians 4:11; figuratively, those are said to thirst who painfully feel their want of, and eagerly long for, those things by which the soul is refreshed, supported, strengthened: John 4:13; John 6:35; John 7:37; Revelation 7:16; Revelation 21:6; Revelation 22:17

Question 93

πτωχός

Answer 93

A BEGGER - COWARD ``` πτωχοὶ poor Adj-NMP Mathew 5:3 Blessed are the poor in spirit ``` πτωχός • (ptōkhós) m (genitive πτωχοῦ); second declension beggar; one who crouches and cringes From πτώξ (ptṓx, “hare”) Noun πτώξ • (ptṓx) m (genitive πτωκός); third declension cowering animal, hare Synonyms: δᾰσῠ́πους (dasúpous), λᾰγώς (lagṓs) (figuratively) coward from πτώσσω (ptṓssō, “to cower, crouch, cringe”). ``` Verb πτήσσω • (ptḗssō) (causal) to scare, alarm, terrify (intransitive) to crouch or cower for fear (of men in ambush) to crouch ``` πτοέω (ptoéō, “to be scared, dismayed”) πταίω (ptaíō, “to stumble, trip”) Verb πτοέω • (ptoéō) to terrify, scare, dismay (figuratively) to flutter, excite by any passion Noun πτωχοτροφεῖον • (ptōkhotropheîon) n (genitive πτωχοτροφείου); second declension poorhouse From πτωχοτρόφος (ptōkhotróphos, “supporting the poor”) +‎ -εῖον (-eîon). ``` πτωχᾰλᾰζών (ptōkhalazṓn) πτωχείᾱ (ptōkheíā) πτωχελένη (ptōkhelénē) πτωχεύω (ptōkheúō) πτωχή (ptōkhḗ) πτωχῐ́ζω (ptōkhízō) πτωχῐκός (ptōkhikós) πτωχῐ́στερος (ptōkhísteros) πτωχόμουσος (ptōkhómousos) πτωχοποιός (ptōkhopoiós) πτωχότης (ptōkhótēs) πτωχοτροφεῖον (ptōkhotropheîon) πτωχότροφος (ptōkhótrophos) πτωχοφᾰνής (ptōkhophanḗs) πτωχῶς (ptōkhôs) ὑπέρπτωχος (hupérptōkhos) ``` ῠ̔πέρπτωχος • (hupérptōkhos) m or f (neuter ῠ̔πέρπτωχον); second declension exceedingly poor ————————————————————— Latin: paveō Verb paveō (present infinitive pavēre, perfect active pāvī); second conjugation, no supine stem (intransitive) I am struck with fear, I am afraid or terrified; tremble or quake with fear. (transitive) I fear, dread or am terrified by. from Proto-Indo-European *paw- (“to strike, hit”). The sense development would be "to strike" > "to strike with fear". Verb pudeō (present infinitive pudēre, perfect active puduī or puditus sum, supine puditum); second conjugation, optionally semi-deponent (intransitive, rare) I am ashamed (transitive, usually impersonal) I cause shame mē pudet ― I am ashamed From Proto-Indo-European *paw- (“strike”). from Latin pūtus (“boy”). Cognate with Italian putto (“child”). Verb putō (present infinitive putāre, perfect active putāvī, supine putātum); first conjugation I clean, cleanse I trim, prune, lop (figuratively) I arrange, settle (figuratively) I value, esteem, deem, regard, consider (figuratively) I judge, suspect, suppose (figuratively) I ponder, consider, think about Synonym: cōgitō

Question 94

μάκτρᾱς - μάκᾰρ - μακάριος

Answer 94

A BLESSING - BREAD KNEADING TROUGH ``` Μακάριοι Blessed [are] Adj-NMP Mathew 5:1 μακάριος blessed, happy. A prolonged form of the poetical makar (meaning the same); supremely blest; by extension, fortunate, well off -- blessed, happy(X -ier). ``` ``` μακάριος, α, ον Part of Speech: Adjective Transliteration: makarios Phonetic Spelling: (mak-ar'-ee-os) Definition: blessed, happy Usage: happy, blessed, to be envied. HELPS Word-studies 3107 makários (from mak-, "become long, large") – properly, when God extends His benefits (the advantages He confers); blessed. ``` 3107 /makários ("blessed") describes a believer in enviable ("fortunate") position from receiving God's provisions (favor) – which (literally) extend ("make long, large") His grace (benefits). This happens with receiving (obeying) the Lord's inbirthings of faith. Hence, faith (4102 /pístis) and 3107 (makários) are closely associated (Ro 4:5-7,14:22,23; Rev 14:12,13). ``` Noun μάκτρᾱς (fem.) (genitive μάκτρᾱς) kneading trough Synonym: κάρδοπος‎ bathing tub mortar for pounding drugs ``` ``` kneading trough (pl. kneading troughs) A (usually wooden) trough in which dough is kneaded before baking into bread. ``` Verb μάσσω I handle, work with my hands, knead I wipe Adjective μάκᾰρ • (mákar) m or f (neuter μάκᾰρ); third declension blessed, happy Adjective blessed (comparative more blessed, superlative most blessed) Having divine aid, or protection, or other blessing. (Roman Catholicism) A title indicating the beatification of a person, thus allowing public veneration of those who have lived in sanctity or died as martyrs. Held in veneration; revered. Worthy of worship; holy. (informal, euphemistic) damned (as an intensifier or vehement denial) Not one blessed person offered to help me out. I'm blessed if I'm going to drive all that way at this time of night. Macareus, an Arcadian prince as one of the 50 sons of the impious King Lycaon μακάριος Blissful Noun μάλαμα (μαλάματα) (neut.) (colloquial) gold, something made of gold (figuratively) somebody or something with exceptional good or valuable qualities καρδιά μάλαμα heart of gold From Byzantine Greek μάλαγμα, a noun form of μαλάσσω ("to mollify, to knead"). ``` Titus 2:13 Adj-AFS GRK: προσδεχόμενοι τὴν μακαρίαν ἐλπίδα καὶ NAS: looking for the blessed hope KJV: Looking for that blessed hope, and INT: awaiting the blessed hope and ```

Question 95

πένθος

Answer 95

GRIEF ``` πένθος, ους, τό Part of Speech: Noun, Neuter Transliteration: penthos Phonetic Spelling: (pen'-thos) Definition: mourning Usage: mourning, sorrow, sadness, grief. ``` ``` πενθέω Part of Speech: Verb Transliteration: pentheó Phonetic Spelling: (pen-theh'-o) Definition: to mourn, lament Usage: I mourn, lament, feel guilt. ``` 3996 penthéō – properly, grieve over a death; (figuratively) to grieve over a personal hope (relationship) that dies, i.e. comes to divine closure ("ends"). 3996 /penthéō ("mourn over a death") refers to "manifested grief" (WS, 360) – so severe it takes possession of a person and cannot be hid. (This is the same meaning of 3996 /penthéō throughout antiquity, cf. LS, R. Trench, Synonyms.)

Question 96

ἔλεος - ἐλέησον - ἐλεέω - ἐλεήμων

Answer 96

MERCY - COMPASSION ``` ἐλεηθήσονται will receive mercy V-FIP-3P Mathew 5:7 Blessed are the merciful, they will receive mercy. ``` ``` ἔλεος, ους, τό Part of Speech: Noun, Masculine; Noun, Neuter Transliteration: eleos Phonetic Spelling: (el'-eh-os) Definition: mercy, pity, compassion Usage: pity, mercy, compassion. HELPS Word-studies 1656 éleos (translating OT 2617 /kataisxýnō, "covenant-loyalty, covenant-love" in the OT-LXX over 170 times) – properly, "mercy" as it is defined by loyalty to God's covenant. ``` ``` ἐλεήμων, ον Part of Speech: Adjective Transliteration: eleémón Phonetic Spelling: (el-eh-ay'-mone) Definition: merciful Usage: full of pity, merciful, compassionate. HELPS Word-studies Cognate: 1655 eleḗmōn – merciful, acting consistently with the revelation of God's covenant. See 1656 (eleos). ``` ``` ἐλεέω Part of Speech: Verb Transliteration: eleeó Phonetic Spelling: (el-eh-eh'-o) Definition: to have pity or mercy on, to show mercy Usage: I pity, have mercy on. ``` Cognate: 1653 eleéō – to show mercy as God defines it, i.e. as it accords with His truth (covenant) which expresses "God's covenant-loyalty-mercy" (i.e. acting only on His terms). See 1656 (eleos). Verb ἐλέησον • (eléēson) second-person singular aorist active imperative of ἐλεέω (eleéō) Κύριε ἐλέησον (lord have mercy) "Lord, have mercy" redirects here. For other uses, see Lord Have Mercy (disambiguation). "Kyrie Eleison" and "Lord, have mercy upon us" Kyrie, a transliteration of Greek Κύριε, vocative case of Κύριος (Lord), is a common name of an important prayer of Christian liturgy, also called the Kyrie eleison (/ˈkɪəri.eɪ ɪˈleɪ.ɪsɒn, -sən/ KEER-ee-ay il-AY-iss-on, -⁠ən; Ancient Greek: Κύριε, ἐλέησον, romanized: Kýrie eléēson, lit. 'Lord, have mercy'). have compassion, show mercy. From eleos; to compassionate (by word or deed, specially, by divine grace) -- have compassion (pity on), have (obtain, receive, shew) mercy (on).

Question 97

χόρτος

Answer 97

FOOD - GRASS - HAY - FILL - SATISFY - FATTEN ``` χορτασθήσονται will be filled V-FIP-3P Mathew 5:6 Blessed are those who hunger and thirst for justice, they will be filled. ``` ``` χόρτος, ου, ὁ Part of Speech: Noun, Masculine Transliteration: chortos Phonetic Spelling: (khor'-tos) Definition: a feeding place, food, grass Usage: grass, herbage, growing grain, hay. ``` grass, hay. Apparently a primary word; a "court" or "garden", i.e. (by implication, of pasture) herbage or vegetation -- blade, grass, hay. ``` chortazó: to feed, fatten, fill, satisfy Original Word: χορτάζω Part of Speech: Verb Transliteration: chortazó Phonetic Spelling: (khor-tad'-zo) Definition: to feed, fatten, fill, satisfy Usage: I feed, satisfy, fatten. ```

Question 98

διαιώνιση - διαιωνίζω

Answer 98

PERPETUATE - PERPETUAL ad: perpetuity ``` Original Word: עַד Part of Speech: Noun Masculine Transliteration: ad Phonetic Spelling: (ad) Definition: perpetuity ``` ``` adah: adorn Original Word: עָדָה Part of Speech: Verb Transliteration: adah Phonetic Spelling: (aw-daw') Definition: to pass on, advance ``` adorn, deck self, pass by, take away A primitive root; to advance, i.e. Pass on or continue; causatively, to remove; specifically, to bedeck (i.e. Bring an ornament upon) -- adorn, deck (self), pass by, take away. διαιωνίζω Verb perpetuate ( passive voice : perpetuate ) I keep something (in memory ) for centuries , for a very long time postpone , extend ``` διαιώνιση Noun perpetuation female the maintenance forever, forever The perpetuation of the species. excessive extension The perpetuation of a sad situation. ``` ``` διαιωνίζομαι Verb perpetuate I am kept in eternity, forever I prolong for a long time ``` διαιώνισις διαρκώ Verb To last, to endure endure , shot . : Lasted / I took ( without passive voice ) the existence of a phenomenon , event or someone for a certain period of time Or the concert lasted more than five hours ἀρκέω ``` ἀρκέω ( passive voice : ἀρκέομαι / ἀρκοῦμαι ) repel protect manage suffice , I am enough I am strong to satisfy ``` ἀρκῶ spurn, I am enough αρκούμαι I am satisfied This is enough , I reached my limit I am limited

Question 99

‎שְׁאוֹל

Answer 99

SHEOL sheol: underworld (place to which people descend at death) Original Word: שְׁאוֹל Part of Speech: Noun Feminine Transliteration: sheol Phonetic Spelling: (sheh-ole') Definition: underworld (place to which people descend at death)