PHYSICS - Nature - Motion Flashcards
LIST
LIST
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Work - δουλειά - έργο - εργασία - εργάζομαι - δουλεύω - λειτουργώ - κατεργάζομαι Energy - ενέργεια - ενεργητικότητα - δραστηριότητα - Electron - ηλεκτρόνιο - Power Load Balance Resist Potential Force Push Pull Store Storage Hold - Bond - Bind - Grab -Slave - Ligament Loose - Release - Break - Free - Līber Release Gate Channel Constrain Program Memory (ROM - RAM) Bank (river) Current Flow Resist Entropy Operate Function Control Process System Organ Organize Organization Vitality Vigor Excite Agitate State Status Cause Condition Influence Field Space Dimension Quality Quantity Character Property Predicate Explode Burn Fuse Break Bond *Stable *State *Status *Stand *Stay *Start End Limit Damp Communicate Touch Contact Joint Articulate Tether Stretch Pressure Charge Central - κέντρο Point - Circle - Circumscribe - Γράφω πέριξ - περιγράφω - περιορίζω Perimeter - Centripetal - Κεντρομόλος Centrifugal Absorb
δυνητικός
DYNETICS - POTENTIAL
ενδεχόμενος
EVENTIAL - CONTINGENT - POSSIBLE
contingent
which may occur
≈ synonyms : probable
( substantiated ) possibility
ancient Greek ἐνδεχόμενος , share of passive present tense of the verb ἐνδέχομαι
From ἐνδέχομαι Part of Speech: Verb Transliteration: endechomai Phonetic Spelling: (en-dekh'-et-ahee) Definition: to admit, approve, to be possible Usage: I allow, it is possible.
ζωογονώ
έμψυχος
ANIMATE
έμψυχος
Adjective
animate, -η, -ο
( literally ) ( figuratively ) having a soul
( substantiated ) living things : all living beings ( humans , animals )
Antonyms
lifeless
From ἐν + ψυχή
ἐν-
in
inside
with (indicates the medium or instrument)
ψυχή
Substantial
female soul
the basic principle of human existence , of human life
and married people have a soul
the intangible basic element of human nature , as opposed to the material that is the body
until the human soul finds …
the immortal element of human existence
May God rest his soul .
the emotional , spiritual and moral world of man
he has a good soul
the goodness , the generosity of a man
don’t you have a soul ?
( consequently ) the benevolent , generous man
it is a great soul
man as an individual
there was no soul on the road
courage , bravery
wants soul to …
he was a man of soul
a person who with his presence and actions strengthens and inspires courage in the social whole to which he belongs
was the soul of the team
( Platonic atheism ) considered a supreme but ideal ideal that cannot be defined not because of human weakness but because it is not contained in the “eternal archetypes” as defined by the Platonic atheists (not Plato).
( entomology ) the butterfly
( music ) (instrument part) small stick inside the string speaker of a musical instrument, which helps to transmit the vibrations of the strings and is critical to the sound quality
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ζωογονώ Verb Life-giving Life-blood quicken I give life , I stimulate
Related words refresh life-giving life-giving animation
ενεργητικός
ENERGETIC
ενεργητικός adjective
uncommon
energi̱tikós
φῠ́ω
φύσις
φύση
PHYSICS
φῠ́ω • (phúō)
(transitive) To bring forth, produce, generate, cause to grow
(transitive) To beget, bear, give birth to
(intransitive) To grow, arise, spring up
(intransitive, present tense) to become [+adjective]
(intransitive, aorist and perfect)
(copulative) To be by nature [+adjective]
(intransitive) To be naturally disposed to, prone [+infinitive = to do]
(impersonal) It is natural, happens naturally [+infinitive = that …]
to be one’s natural lot [+dative = someone’s]
From Proto-Indo-European *bʰuH- (“to appear, become, rise up”).
Cognates include Old Armenian բոյս (boys, “plant”),
Sanskrit भवति (bhavati),
Avestan 𐬠𐬎 (bu),
Latin fuī (“I was”),
Old English bēon (English be), and
Albanian bëj.
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LATIN
fuī
first-person singular perfect active indicative of sum
sum (present infinitive esse, perfect active fuī, future participle futūrus); irregular conjugation, no passive
(copulative) I am, exist, have (with dative)
Heauton Timorumenos (“The Self-Tormentor”) by Publius Terentius Afer
Homo sum, humani nihil a me alienum puto.
I am a man, I consider nothing that is human alien to me.
René Descartes
Cogito, ergo sum.
I think, therefore I am.
63 BCE, Cicero, Catiline Orations (Latin text and English translations here)
O di immortales, ubinam gentium sumus? Quam rem publicam habemus? In qua urbe vivimus?.
O ye immortal gods, where on earth are we? What is the government we have? In what city do we live?
121 CE, Suetonius, De vita Caesarum (“About the Life of the Caesars”, commonly referred to as “The Twelve Caesars”)
Alea iacta est.
The die is cast.
405 CE, Jerome, Vulgate Exodus.20.12:
Honora patrem tuum et matrem tuam, ut sis longaevus super terram, quam Dominus Deus tuus dabit tibi.
Honour thy father and thy mother, that thou mayest be longlived upon the land which the Lord thy God will give thee.
Civis romanus sum. ― I am a Roman citizen.
Sum sine regno. ― I am without a kingdom.
Dixit duas res ei rubori fuisse. ― He said that two things had abashed him.
Mihi est multum tempus. ― I have a lot of time. (lit. A lot of time is to me.)
Proto-Italic/fuiō
*fuiō
to become.
From Proto-Indo-European *bʰuH- (“to grow, become, come into being, appear”).
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From φῠ́ω (phúō, “grow”) + -σῐς (-sis).
-σῐς • (-sis) f (genitive -σεως or -σῐος or -σηος); third declension
Added to verb stems to form abstract nouns or nouns of action, result or process.
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φύση • (fýsi) f (plural φύσεις)
nature.
from Latin nātūra (“birth, origin, natural constitution or quality”)
From nāscor, gnāscor (“be born”).
nātūra f (genitive nātūrae); first declension nature, quality, or essence of a thing character, temperament, inclination the natural world natura non facit saltus Nature does not make leaps.
Latin - nāscor present infinitive nāscī perfect active nātus sum. third conjugation, deponent I am born, begotten I arise, proceed I grow, spring forth I am a number of years old Viginti et quinque annos natus sum. I am 25 years old. Terence, Heauton Timuromenos 62-63 Annos sexaginta natus es... You are 60 years old...
gnāscor (present infinitive gnāscī, perfect active gnātus sum); third conjugation, deponent
Alternative form of nāscor.
*gnāskōr
be born.
From Proto-Indo-European *ǵenh₁-.
*ǵenh₁- (perfective)
to produce, to beget, to give birth.
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CELTIC
*gniyeti
to make
to do
*ganyetor
to be born
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GREEK
γέννᾰ or γέννᾱ • (génna or génnā) f (genitive γέννης or γέννᾱς); first declension (Poetic) Ancient Greek Synonym of γένος (génos) descent, lineage origin 2nd century CE, w:Secundus the Silent, Sententiae. 15. γῆ γέννα πάντων gê génna pántōn the earth origin of everyone/everything offspring, generation
γεννᾰ́ω • (gennáō)
to beget, give birth to
to bring forth, produce, generate.
From γέννα (génna) + -ᾰ́ω (-áō), poetic form of γένος (génos, “offspring”). Causal counterpart of γίγνομαι (gígnomai, “to be born, to become”).
-ᾰ́ω • (-áō)
Forms verbs, usually from nouns in -ᾱ (-ā), -η (-ē)
γένος • (génos) n (genitive γένεος or γένους); third declension offspring, descendant family, clan nation, race gender (grammar) grammatical gender sex any type or class.
From Proto-Hellenic *génos, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵénh₁os (“race”). Cognates include Latin genus, Sanskrit जनस् (jánas), Old Armenian ծին (cin) and English kin. Also see γίγνομαι (gígnomai, “I am born”).
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LATIN
Latin - gēns f (genitive gentis); third declension
Roman clan, related by birth or marriage and sharing a common name
tribe; people, family
the chief gods.
From Proto-Indo-European *ǵénh₁tis.
from root *ǵenh₁- (“to produce, to beget, to give birth”). See also gignō, generō, genus.
Cognate with English kind,
Sanskrit जाति (jāti), and
Ancient Greek γένεσις (génesis),
whence English genesis.
Latin - genus n (genitive generis); third declension
birth, origin
kind, type, class
(grammar) subtype of word
27 BCE – 25 BCE, Titus Livius, Ab urbe condita libri 26.1:
huic generi militum senatus eundem, quem Cannensibus, finem statuerat militiae.
For this class of soldier the senate had established a limit in duration to their military service, which was the same as the men at Cannae.
species (of animal or plant), race (of people)
70 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Georgics III:
omne adeo genus in terris hominumque ferarumque
et genus aequoreum pecudes pictaeque volucres
in furias ignemque ruunt
So far does every species on earth of man and beast,
whether the aquatic species, livestock, or painted-winged,
collapse into the frenzies and the fire [of sex].
set, group (with common attributes)
Latin - gignō (present infinitive gignere, perfect active genuī, supine genitum); third conjugation
I beget, give birth to.
I produce, cause.
From Proto-Italic *gignō, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵíǵnh₁-, the reduplicated present stem of *ǵenh₁-. Cognate to Ancient Greek γίγνομαι (gígnomai, “to come into being, to be born, to take place”).
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OLD ENGLISH
Old English - beġietan
to get, acquire.
“Ġif þū wulf wilt,” cwæþ hē, “beġiet þū hund.”
“If you want a wolf,” he said, “get a dog.”
Beġiet þē wer þe bā dōn mæġ.
Get you a man who can do both.
Middle English: biyeten, beȝeten, begeten.
begēten
(rare) to think of, to think up.
from Proto-Germanic *bigetaną.
*bigetaną
to get anew, to beget
to reach, to find, to discover.
English -.beget
(third-person singular simple present begets, present participle begetting, simple past begot or begat, past participle begotten) (transitive)
To father; to sire; to produce (a child).
To cause; to produce.
(Britain dialectal) To happen to; befall.
To bring forth.
, Genesis 5:3
And Adam lived an hundred and thirty years, and begat a son in his own likeness, after his image; and called his name Seth: […]
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OLD SAXON
Cognate with Old Saxon bigetan (“to find, seize”)
bigetan
to find.
From Proto-Germanic *bigetaną (“to beget, find, discover, acquire”),
equivalent to bi- + getan.
Cognate with Old English beġietan
(English beget).
getan
past participle of tun.
tun (irregular, third-person singular simple present tut, past tense tat, past participle getan, auxiliary haben)
to do (to perform or execute an action)
From Middle High German tuon, from Old High German tuon, from Proto-Germanic *dōną. Akin to Low German doon, Dutch doen, English do, West Frisian dwaan; all derived from Proto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁- (“to put, set, place”).
bi-
A productive prefix usually used to form verbs and adjectives, especially verbs with the sense “around, throughout” or makes transitive verbs from intransitive verbs, adjectives and nouns.
bi- + brekan → bibrekan (“to break”)
bi- + brengian → bibrengian (“to accomplish”)
bi- + dēlian → bidēlian (“to deprive”)
bi- + delvan → bidelvan (“to bury”)
bi- + dempian → bidempian (“to suffocate”)
bi- + dernian → bidernian (“to conceal, to hide”)
bi- + dōdian → bidōdian (“to kill”)
bi- + driogan → bidriogan (“to deceive”)
bi- + drōragon → bidrōragon (“to bleed to death”)
bi- + dumbilian → bidumbilian (“to make a fool”)
bi- + *dwellian → bidwellian (“to hinder”)
bi- + fāhan → bifāhan (“to embrace, seize”)
bi- + fallan → bifallan (“to befall”)
bi- + felhan → bifelhan (“to recommend, give over, confide”)
bi- + fellian → bifellian (“to throw down”)
bi- + findan → bifindan (“to notice, find out”)
bi- + gangan → bigān, bigangan (“to celebrate”)
bi- + gehan → bigehan (“to dare, confess”)
διαδίδω
PROPOGATE
Propel
Motion Motor Mobile Morph Money
Stay
Stand
Stasis
Status
Position Post Pole Ponder Potential Power
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propagate (v.)
1560s, “to cause to multiply,” from Latin propagatus, past participle of propagare “set forward, extend, spread, increase; multiply plants by layers, breed,” from propago (genitive propaginis) “that which propagates, offspring,” from pro “forth” (see pro-) + second element from PIE root *pag- “to fasten,” source of pangere “to fasten” (see pact). Intransitive sense “reproduce one’s kind” is from c. 1600. Related: Propagated; propagating.
*pag-
also *pak-, Proto-Indo-European root meaning “to fasten.”
It is the hypothetical source of/evidence for its existence is provided by: Sanskrit pasa- “cord, rope,” pajra- “solid, firm;” Avestan pas- “to fetter;” Greek pegnynai “to fix, make firm, fast or solid,” pagos “pinnacle, cliff, rocky hill;” Latin pangere “to fix, to fasten,” pagina “column,” pagus “district;” Slavonic paž “wooden partition;” Old English fegan “to join,” fon “to catch seize.”
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What does διαδίδω (diadído̱) mean in Greek?
spread verb 41% of use διαδίδομαι, εξαπλώ, εξαπλούμαι, απλώνω disseminate verb 34% of use διασπείρω propagate verb 11% of use μεταδίδω, διαδίδομαι, πολλαπλασιάζω, πολλαπλασιάζομαι rumor verb 3% of use φημολογώ noise verb 2% of use διαδίδω bruit verb 2% of use φημηλογώ diffuse verb 2% of use διαδίδω sound verb 2% of use ηχώ, βαθυμετρώ, βολιδοσκοπώ report verb 2% of use αναφέρω, εκθέτω promulgate verb 2% of use διακηρύττω, δημοσιεύω νόμο, δημοσιεύω rumour verb rare φημολογώ
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(military): αποτραβιέμαι (apotraviémai)
(give way): ανακρούω (anakroúo)
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υποχωρώ (ypochoró, “to give way, to retreat”)
υποχωρώ • (ypochoró) (simple past υποχώρησα)
retreat, withdraw, fall back
υποχωρώ από τις υποσχέσεις ― ypochoró apó tis yposchéseis ― to withdraw from commitments
(military) retreat, withdraw, fall back
give, give way, back off
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δίδω • (dído) (simple past έδωσα)
Alternative form of δίνω (díno)
δίνω (díno, “give, donate”)
του δίνω (tou díno, “to push off”, “to clear off”)
δίνε του (díne tou, “Push off!”, “Get lost!”)
The earlier form is δίδω (dído), from Byzantine Greek δίδω (dídō), from Ancient Greek δίδωμι (dídōmi).
δίνω • (díno) (simple past έδωσα, passive δίνομαι)
give (pass something; transfer ownership)
Δίνει το βιβλίο. ― Dínei to vivlío. ― She gives the book.
Δώσε μου λίγο το μολύβι σου. ― Dóse mou lígo to molývi sou. ― Give me your pencil.
give, hold (an event)
Η Ελένη έδωσε ένα πάρτι γενεθλίων. ― I Eléni édose éna párti genethlíon. ― Eleni held a birthday party.
δίδωμι • (dídōmi)
I give, present, offer
I grant, allow, permit
(perfect active) to allow; (perfect passive) to be allowed
κινώ
κίνηση
MOVE
δύναμη
FORCE
σπρώχνω
PUSH
σπρώχνω • (spróchno) (simple past έσπρωξα, passive σπρώχνομαι)
(transitive) push
(transitive) drive
(intransitive) push
αμπώχνω • (ampóchno) (simple past άμπωξα)
thrust, push, push away.
σπρωξιά f (sproxiá, “push”)
σπρωξίδι n (sproxídi, “pushing”)
σπρώξιμο n (spróximo, “push”) (figurative)
τραβώ
PULL
τραβάω • (traváo) (simple past τράβηξα, passive τραβιέμαι) pull, pull in, drag, tow pull out pluck (stringed instrument) suffer, endure.
τραβάω κουπί (traváo koupí, “to row”)
From Ancient Greek κώπη (kṓpē, “oar”)
κουπί • (koupí) n (plural κουπιά)
oar, paddle, scull.
τραβάω κουπί (traváo koupí, “1. to row, 2. to be stressed at work, to work hard”)
See also
Edit
Ancient Greek: ἐρέσσω (eréssō, “row”)
προσπάθεια
EFFORT - STRAIN - EXERTION
προσπάθεια
προσπάθεια • (prospátheia) f (plural προσπάθειες)
attempt (the action of trying at something)
Κάθε ανταγωνιστής επιτρέπεται τρεις προσπάθειες.
Káthe antagonistís epitrépetai treis prospátheies.
Each competitor is allowed three attempts.
Synonym
Edit
απόπειρα f (apópeira)
προσπαθώ (prospathó, “to attempt”)
Absolute space and time
Absolute space and time is a concept in physics and philosophy about the properties of the universe. In physics, absolute space and time may be a preferred frame.
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Originally introduced by Sir Isaac Newton in Philosophiæ Naturalis Principia Mathematica, the concepts of absolute time and space provided a theoretical foundation that facilitated Newtonian mechanics.[3] According to Newton, absolute time and space respectively are independent aspects of objective reality:
Absolute, true and mathematical time, of itself, and from its own nature flows equably without regard to anything external, and by another name is called duration: relative, apparent and common time, is some sensible and external (whether accurate or unequable) measure of duration by the means of motion, which is commonly used instead of true time …
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According to Newton, absolute time exists independently of any perceiver and progresses at a consistent pace throughout the universe. Unlike relative time, Newton believed absolute time was imperceptible and could only be understood mathematically. According to Newton, humans are only capable of perceiving relative time, which is a measurement of perceivable objects in motion (like the Moon or Sun). From these movements, we infer the passage of time.
Absolute space, in its own nature, without regard to anything external, remains always similar and immovable. Relative space is some movable dimension or measure of the absolute spaces; which our senses determine by its position to bodies: and which is vulgarly taken for immovable space … Absolute motion is the translation of a body from one absolute place into another: and relative motion, the translation from one relative place into another …
— Isaac Newton
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These notions imply that absolute space and time do not depend upon physical events, but are a backdrop or stage setting within which physical phenomena occur. Thus, every object has an absolute state of motion relative to absolute space, so that an object must be either in a state of absolute rest, or moving at some absolute speed.[5] To support his views, Newton provided some empirical examples: according to Newton, a solitary rotating sphere can be inferred to rotate about its axis relative to absolute space by observing the bulging of its equator, and a solitary pair of spheres tied by a rope can be inferred to be in absolute rotation about their center of gravity (barycenter) by observing the tension in the rope.
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Gottfried Leibniz was of the opinion that space made no sense except as the relative location of bodies, and time made no sense except as the relative movement of bodies.[6] George Berkeley suggested that, lacking any point of reference, a sphere in an otherwise empty universe could not be conceived to rotate, and a pair of spheres could be conceived to rotate relative to one another, but not to rotate about their center of gravity,[7] an example later raised by Albert Einstein in his development of general relativity.
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Matter
MATTER
In classical physics and general chemistry, matter is any substance that has mass and takes up space by having volume.[1] All everyday objects that can be touched are ultimately composed of atoms, which are made up of interacting subatomic particles, and in everyday as well as scientific usage, “matter” generally includes atoms and anything made up of them, and any particles (or combination of particles) that act as if they have both rest mass and volume. However it does not include massless particles such as photons, or other energy phenomena or waves such as light or sound.[1][2] Matter exists in various states (also known as phases). These include classical everyday phases such as solid, liquid, and gas – for example water exists as ice, liquid water, and gaseous steam – but other states are possible, including plasma, Bose–Einstein condensates, fermionic condensates, and quark–gluon plasma.[3]
Usually atoms can be imagined as a nucleus of protons and neutrons, and a surrounding “cloud” of orbiting electrons which “take up space”.
However this is only somewhat correct, because subatomic particles and their properties are governed by their quantum nature, which means they do not act as everyday objects appear to act – they can act like waves as well as particles and they do not have well-defined sizes or positions. In the Standard Model of particle physics, matter is not a fundamental concept because the elementary constituents of atoms are quantum entities which do not have an inherent “size” or “volume” in any everyday sense of the word.
In the Standard Model of particle physics, matter is not a fundamental concept because the elementary constituents of atoms are quantum entities which do not have an inherent “size” or “volume” in any everyday sense of the word. Due to the exclusion principle and other fundamental interactions, some “point particles” known as fermions (quarks, leptons), and many composites and atoms, are effectively forced to keep a distance from other particles under everyday conditions; this creates the property of matter which appears to us as matter taking up space.
The Pauli exclusion principle is the quantum mechanical principle which states that two or more identical fermions (particles with half-integer spin) cannot occupy the same quantum state within a quantum system simultaneously.
συντηρώm
βαστάζω
υποφέρω
SUSTAIN - MAINTAIN - SUPPORT
συντηρώ • (syntiró) (simple past συντήρησα)
Verb
conserve, maintain, preserve, support
From συν (together) + τηρώ (uphold)
τηρώ
Uphold, support, observe, abide by, keep to it…
υποστηρίζω
From υπο (under) + τηρώ (support) + ίζω (verb)
Support, stand for, stand by, patronize, sponsor, help with.
sustain (v.)
c. 1300, “give support to,” from stem of Old French sostenir “hold up, bear; suffer, endure” (13c.), from Latin sustinere “hold up, hold upright; furnish with means of support; bear, undergo, endure,” from assimilated form of sub “up from below” (see sub-) + tenere “to hold,” from PIE root *ten- “to stretch.” Meaning “continue, keep up” (an action, etc.) is from early 14c. Sense of “endure without failing or yielding” is from c. 1400. Related: Sustained; sustaining.
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υποφέρω
"Ipofero" Ipofero. Υποφέρω From Υπο (under) + φέρω (carry, bear) (“I Suffer - carry a burden”)
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βαστάζω • (bastázō) Verb to lift, lift up, raise (figuratively) to lift up, exalt, ennoble to bear, carry to hold in one's hands to have in mind, consider, weigh, make proof of to carry off, take away to handle, touch
βάσταγμᾰ • (bástagma) n (genitive βάσταγμᾰτος); third declension
Noun
A load to lift up and carry.
From βαστάζω (bastázō, “I lift up, I raise”) and the suffix -μα (-ma).
βασταγή • (vastagí) f (plural βασταγές)
Noun
bundle, lump, parcel (of something)
sheaf, bale (of straw, etc)
αβασταγό n (avastagó, “beast of burdon”)
Noun
στᾰ́σῐς
STASIS
στάση • (stási) f (plural στάσεις) position, attitude, stance (physical or mental) (transport) stop, bus stop (film) frame stop (coming to a halt) mutiny, rebellion stasis
στᾰ́σῐς • (stásis) f (genitive στᾰ́σεως or στᾰ́σῐος); third declension (Epic, Attic, Ionic, Doric, Koine) a standing, placing, setting standing stone, pillar erection (of a building), building weighing (figuratively) standing, stature position, posture, station stable, stall compass positio posture of a boxer (figuratively) position of a litigant position or opinion of a philosopher state, condition party, company, band party formed for sedition, faction sedition, discord division, dissent statute, decree
σταθμός • (stathmós) m (genitive σταθμοῦ); second declension standing place stall, pen, fold (for animals) shepherd's lodge post, doorpost weight for a balance
From Proto-Hellenic *statʰmós from Proto-Indo-European *sth₂-dʰ-mó-s from *steh₂- (“to stand”). *steh₂- (perfective) to stand (up)
στέᾱρ • (stéār) n (genitive στέᾱτος); third declension
hard fat, tallow, suet
dough made from flour of spelt
from Proto-Indo-European *stéh₂-wr̥, from *steh₂- (“to stand”).
στεᾱ́τῐνος • (steā́tinos) m (feminine στεᾱτῐ́νη, neuter στεᾱ́τῐνον)
Adjective
of flour or dough of spelt
From στέαρ (“dough”) + -ινος (-adjective ).
σταίτῐνος • (staítinos) m (feminine σταιτῐ́νη, neuter σταίτῐνον); first/second declension
of flour or dough of spelt
From σταῖς (“dough”) + -ινος (-adjective ).
σταῖς • (staîs) n (genitive σταιτός); third declension
dough made of spelt flour
dough (in general)
from the same Proto-Indo-European root of Proto-Slavic *těsto (“dough”),
Old Irish táis (“dough”)
Old English þǣsma (“leaven”), with an influence from στέαρ (“fat”).
þǣsma m
leaven; yeast
IPA(key): /ˈθæːs.mɑ/, [ˈθæːz.mɑ]
From Proto-Germanic *þaisimô (“yeast, leaven”)
from Proto-Indo-European *teh₂- (“to melt, flow, knead, mold, dwindle”).
*teh₂-
to melt
to flow, stream
Ancient Greek: τήκω (tḗkō, “to melt”), τηκτός (tēktós, “molten”)
THAW
From Middle English *thon,
from Old English þān (“moist, damp, wet; having water, watered, irrigated”),
from Proto-Germanic *þainaz (“moist”),
from Proto-Indo-European *teh₂- (“to melt, flow”).
Cognate with Scots thane, thain (“moist, damp”).
Related to thaw.
thone (comparative thoner or more thone, superlative thonest or most thone)
(dialectal) damp; moist; wet; soft from dampness.
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ἀνάστασις f (ἀnástasis, “stand again, resurrection”)
αντίσταση f (antístasi, “resistance”)
έκσταση f (ékstasi, “ecstacy”)
κατάσταση f (katástasi, “condition, situation”)
στάση λεωφορείου f (stási leoforeíou, “bus stop”)
στασιαστής m (stasiastís, “rebel”)
αἰγόστασις (aigóstasis) αἱμόστασις (haimóstasis) ἀνάστασις (anástasis) διάστασις (diástasis) διασύστασις (diasústasis) δυσαποκατάστασις (dusapokatástasis) ξενόστασις (xenóstasis) παράστασις (parástasis) παρυπόστασις (parupóstasis)
G
ENERGY
H
WORK
ὀργή
WRATH - TEMPER - ANGRY
equivalent to ἔρδω (érdō) + -η (-ē).
from the root *werǵ-
Proto-Indo-European
Root
*werǵ-
to make
ὀργή • (orgḗ) f (genitive ὀργῆς); first declension
temper, temperament, disposition, nature, heart
passion, anger, wrath
ὀργίζω (orgízō, “to make angry”)
Mycenaean Greek: -𐀺𐀒 (-wo-ko /-worgos/)
-𐀺𐀒 (-wo-ko /-worgos/)
maker (denoting someone whose job it is to produce the item denoted by the prefix)
worker (denoting a category of profession)
Compare also Ancient Greek ἔργον (érgon)
Equivalent to Ancient Greek -ουργός (-ourgós)
from the Proto-Indo-European root *werǵ- (“to work”).
-ουργός
- WORKER
- ourgos < ancient greek -ourgos < ἔργον
-worker
second synthetic of transgenic males or females denoting the person having as profession or occupation or object what the first synthetic means
wood > driving wood fessional
Sanctuary > Hier this creates
Drama > Dramatic this creates (who writes dramatic or generally plays)
Music > MOUSSE this creates (the composer , the composite music)
Slim / fineness > min this creates (creating artifacts minutes)
second synthetic male or female essential that indicate the person or agent; means that its action or function of the result the first component
Miracle > thafmat this creates (e.g. miraculous water)
Genesis > chargeable this creates (causing the genesis , e.g. operative cause, agent)
exception : good > charitable (who does something for the good, causes the good - wrong, to be transferred to a different paragraph - work, see Dictionary of Common Modern Greek)
second synthetic of words that are creations of writers and scholars or the people to render words that were missing from the language (mainly French in the 17th, 18th and 19th centuries, and which in French ended in -ateur -atrice . their turn had come from the Latin -tor , which meant the means by which something is done)
tachydaktyl this creates : fast + finger + fessional to give the French prestidigit ateur
second synthetic of words derived from ancient Greek and in many of which the suffix ourgos stated that one works for the sake of the first synthetic
minister (people and work: working for the people)
minister (working under the orders of someone else, so for the other)
minister in politics (meaning the word people, one who works under the people, for the people)
Prime Minister (the first among the ministers, ie those who work for the people)
ἔργον
ERGON
https://etymologeek.com
ἔργον < Indo-European root * wérǵom ( ἔργον ) < werǵ - ( I work , I create )
- wrū- Proto-Indo-European (ine-pro) to cover, defend, guard, to cover, shelter, defend, guard, shut
- wreǵ- Proto-Indo-European (ine-pro) to work, act
- wérǵom Proto-Indo-European (ine-pro) Work.
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ἐργάζομαι • (ergázomai) I work, labour I work at, make I do, perform (with double accusative) I do something to someone; esp. do someone ill I work a material I earn by working I work at, practice I cause
εργάζομαι • (ergázomai) deponent (past εργάστηκα) work Εργάστηκε στην τηλεόραση. Ergástike stin tileórasi. He worked in television.
From ἔργον (érgon, “work”) + -άζω (-ázō)
-ᾰ́ζω • (-ázō)
Used to form verbs from nouns, adjectives, and other verbs.
Added to verb stems to create a frequentative form.
ῥῑ́πτω (rhī́ptō, “throw”) + -άζω (-ázō) → ῥῑπτᾰ́ζω (rhīptázō, “throw around”)
See also
- άζω (-ázō)
- όζω (-ózō)
- ύζω (-úzō)
Greek: -ίζω (-ízo)
→ Latin: -issō, -izō
→ English: -ise, -ize
English: -ize
Used to form verbs from nouns or adjectives
to make what is denoted by the noun/adjective
pixel - pixelize
to do what is denoted by the noun/adjective
cannibal - cannibalize
English: -ise
Suffix used in loanwords from French to form abstract nouns of quality or function.
merchandise, franchise
Old French: -ise -ise used to form feminine nouns, often denoting a state or quality franc + -ise → franchise cuinte + -ise → cuintise
-ῐ́ζω • (-ízō)
Used to form verbs from nouns, adjectives and other verbs.
Used to form verbs from proper nouns of cities, demonyms, to denote:
adhere to the policy of the city
mimicking the style and behaviour of the demonym
-ίζω (-ízō) + Λᾰ́κων (Lákōn, “Lacedaemonian”) → λᾰκωνίζω (lakōnízō)
-ίζω • (-ízo)
a suffix found with verbs
formed from adjectives:
έρρινος (érrinos, “nasal”) + -ίζω (-ízo) → ερρινίζω (errinízo, “to nasalise”)
κίτρινος (kítrinos, “yellow”) + -ίζω (-ízo) → κιτρινίζω (kitrinízo, “to turn yellow”)
formed from nouns giving an action or effect:
βούρτσα (voúrtsa, “brush”) + -ίζω (-ízo) → βουρτσίζω (vourtsízo, “to sweep, to brush”)
άθεος (átheos, “atheist”) + -ίζω (-ízo) → αθεΐζω (atheḯzo, “to become an atheist”)
used to alter an existing verb:
φέγγω (féngo, “glimmer”) + -ίζω (-ízo) → φεγγίζω (fengízo, “to become translucent”)
-ῐς • (-is) f (genitive -ῐδος); third declension
Forms feminine nouns, or feminine forms of adjectives (often accented on the ultima)
-σῐς • (-sis) f (genitive -σεως or -σῐος or -σηος); third declension
Added to verb stems to form abstract nouns or nouns of action, result or process
-τις • (-tis)
Earlier form of -σις (-sis), retained after dentals δ, θ, σ, τ
*πιθ-τις > πῐ́στῐς (pístis)
-ισμός • (-ismós) m
A suffix that forms abstract nouns of action, state, condition, doctrine.
-ισμός m (-ismós) (noun ending, -ism)
-μός • (-mós) m (genitive -μοῦ); second declension
Forms abstract nouns.
-ισμός • (-ismós) m (genitive -ισμοῦ); second declension
Forms abstract nouns.
-ιστής • (-istís) m (feminine -ίστρια)
added to a noun or adjective to create words for a male person who is a follower or supporter of that notion; -ist:
κομμουνισμός (kommounismós, “Communism”) + -ιστής (-istís) → κομμουνιστής (kommounistís, “Communist”)
εθνικός (ethnikós, “ethnic, national”) + -ιστής (-istís) → εθνικιστής (ethnikistís, “nationalist”)
Ισλάμ (Islám, “Islam”) + -ιστής (-istís) → ισλαμιστής (islamistís, “Islamist”)
added to a noun, adjective or verb to create words for a male person who behaves in a certain way; -ist, -er:
εγώ (egó, “I”) + -ιστής (-istís) → εγωιστής (egoïstís, “egoist, selfish”)
υπερασπίζω (yperaspízo, “to defender”) + -ιστής (-istís) → υπερασπιστής (yperaspistís, “defender”)
έτσι θέλω (étsi thélo, “that’s the way I want”) + -ιστής (-istís) → ετσιθελιστής (etsithelistís, “arbitrary person”)
added to a noun or verb to create words for a male person who is a habitual doer of said action; -ist, -er:
ποδόσφαιρο (podósfairo, “football”) + -ιστής (-istís) → ποδοσφαιριστής (podosfairistís, “footballer”)
σκάκι (skáki, “chess”) + -ιστής (-istís) → σκακιστής (skakistís, “chess player”)
ενεργώ
ενέργεια
ENERGY
Verb
ενεργώ • (energó) (past ενέργησα)
act, carry out an action
Noun
ενέργεια • (enérgeia) f (plural ενέργειες)
(physics) energy
action
From Ancient Greek ἐνέργεια (enérgeia, “action, act, work”).
ενεργοποιώ • (energopoió) (past ενεργοποίησα)
activate, energize, empower
put into action, put into use, turn on
From ενεργ(ός) (energ(ós), “active”) + -ο- (infix) + -ποιώ (“to make”).
αντενέργεια (antenérgeia, “reaction, counteraction”)
αντενεργώ (antenergó, “to react, to oppose”)
δυναμικό ενέργειας n (dynamikó enérgeias, “action potential”)
ενεργειακός (energeiakós, “energy”)
ενεργητική φωνή (energitikí foní, “active voice)”)
ενεργητικός (energitikós, “energetic, working”)
ενεργοβόρος (energovóros, “energy greedy”)
ενεργοποιώ (energopoió, “to activate, to energise”)
ενεργός (energós, “active”)
ενεργούμενος (energoúmenos, “controlled”)
ενεργώ (energó, “to act, to work”)
κέντρο
CENTER
center neutral
( mathematically ) the point from which all points on the circumference of a circle or the surface of a sphere are equidistant
the area of a body that is equidistant from its ends, the middle
the area of a city, usually around a square, which gathers the most important buildings from a political, administrative, commercial point of view, the most important activities of social life
point of great importance for a field
the center of the spiritual life
organization or institution
Greek Cinema Center
Health Center : primary care unit
Labor Center : a trade union body that unites the trade unions of a city
building that brings together many similar activities
a new shopping center was built
the event will take place at the Cultural Center of the municipality
entertainment center , nightlife area with live music
περιορίζω
RESTRICT
Reduce • ( periorizo ) ( past narrow , passive confine )
Verb
( transitive ) confine , restrict , curb
The ministry wants to curb rising inflation.
To ypourgeío epithymeí na periorísei tin ánodo tou plithorismoú.
The ministry wishes to restrict the rise in inflation.
( transitive ) limit
( transitive ) restrain
περιορίζομαι • (periorízomai) passive (past περιορίστηκα, active περιορίζω)
passive form of περιορίζω (periorízo).
