PREPOSITIONS - Greek Flashcards
1
Q
LIST
A
DEIXIS Center "Point Of View" - POV Center of conscious aware experience Center of mind - knowledge - standard model Center of body Center of legal Person Center of legal jurisdiction Center of spoken word Center of building Center of land parcel Center of country Center of world Center of solar system Center of universe
POSITION Up Down Front Back Above Below Side Along side Parallel Through In Into Within Onto Upon
LOCATION
Topography
Coordinates
Frame of reference
TEMPORAL SEQUENCE Time Tense Center of present moment Center of a choice Come Go Arrive Leave - Leaving - Left Depart Front of train, convoy Rear of train, convoy
SPACIAL SEQUENCE
ROLL - REGISTER - RECORD
2
Q
ἔμπροσθεν
A
WITHIN PRIOR FROM
Literally- Within before from which.
Preceding from within this toward that.
(of place) before, in front.
(of time) before, earlier, of old.
(of degree) preferred, priority, more important.
Do this first.
This is a priority.
This is more important.
From ἐν (“in”) + πρόσθεν (“before”)
πρόσθεν • (prósthen)
(of place) before, in front
(of time) before, earlier, formerly
-θεν
Added to nouns to form adverbs of place-
“from which”. “from”
also used, like genitive, “with”
in front, before the face; sometimes made a subst. by the addition of the article: in front of, before the face of.
from en and pros
adverbially, in front, before:
before, i. e. in that local region which is in front of a person or a thing:
before, in the presence of, equivalent to opposite to, over against one:
3
Q
πρός
A
πρός • (prós) (governs the genitive, dative, and accusative)
(of direction) forward to, toward.
(with genitive) the side of, pertaining to.
(with dative) by the side of, near to.
(with accusative) the place, time, occasion, or respect, which is the destination of the relation, or whither or for which it is predicated: about, according to, against, among, at, because of, before, between, ([where-]) by, for, at someone’s house, in, for intent, nigh unto, of, which pertain to, that, to (the end that), together, to ([you]) -ward, unto, with (-in)
____________________________________________
προς • (pros) (+ accusative)
(positional) towards, toward
Προχώρησε προς το σχολείο. ― Prochórise pros to scholeío. ― She walked to (towards) school
(temporal) towards
Προς το βράδυ το γάλα λιγοστεύει σε ποσότητα. ― Pros to vrády to gála ligostévei se posótita. ― Towards evening the quantity of milk diminishes.
__________________________________________
As a Prefix
προσ- • (pros-)
toward (means proximity) (means agreement, similarity) (means hostility) (accentuates the meaning)
From προς (pros, “toward”)
Recent additions to the category προσβλέπω προσφύομαι προσελκύω προσκρούω προσθήκη προσευχή προσεύχομαι Oldest pages ordered by last edit προσθήκη προσελκύω προσεύχομαι προσκρούω προσφύομαι προσβλέπω προσευχή
__________________________________________
toward
denotes motion toward a place or with purpose toward a goal.
properly, motion towards to “interface with”
(literally, moving toward a goal or destination).
(“towards, with”) indicates “extension toward a goal, with implied interaction or reciprocity - with “presumed contact and reaction”
naturally suggests the cycle of initiation and response.
can mean “in view of,” or “in light of, but never “against,” except where the context indicates an active exchange (interface) done in opposition.
4
Q
Ἐν
ἐν
ἔμ-
A
In - inside, within, interior.
(figuratively) “in the realm (sphere) of…
- as in the condition (state) in which something operates from the inside (within).
in, on, at, by, with
English in, on, at, with, by, among.
in the interior of some whole
within the limits of some space:
of proximity, at, near, by:
of the contents of a writing, book, in the book of the prophets.
with the dative of a person, in the person, nature, soul, thought of anyone:
in the case of, with.
of that in which something is manifest.
with, among, in the presence of, with the dative of person.
5
Q
ἦν
Verb
A
A Verb.
Verb-Imperfect-Indicative-3rd-Singular
V-II-3S
He was being…
Not a preposition,
not to be confused with Ἐν - ἐν
A conjugation form of - εἰμί
eimí (the basic Greek verb which expresses being, i.e. “to be”) – am, is.
6
Q
ἕν εἷς ἕνα ἑνὶ ἑνὸς μία μίαν μιᾶς Adjective
A
One
One Thing
How many things? One thing.
How many people? One person.
a cardinal numeral, one.
universally
Not to be confused with - ἐν
Contrasted and opposed to πάντες
πάντας = All things
πᾶς, πᾶσα, πᾶν = (“each, every”) means “all” in the sense of “each (every) part that applies.” The emphasis of the total picture then is on “one piece at a time.” = The Whole of the Parts.
ἓν
Adj-NNS
εἷς
Adj-NMS
ἕνα
Adj-AMS
ἑνὶ
Adj-DMS
ἑνὸς
Adj-GMS
μία
Adj-NFS
μίαν
Adj-AFS
μιᾶς
Adj-GFS
7
Q
διά - δι
A
BY - FOR - THROUGH - AS A RESULT OF - BETWEEN
διά • (diá)
by, for, through
————————————-
δῐᾰ́ • (diá) (governs the genitive and accusative)
(+ genitive)
(of a place) in a line through in the midst of, between along at intervals of, at every
(time)
between
after
every (interval of time)
(causality)
through, by
(attested from 1st century B.C.E.) out of (materials from which something is made)
——————-
(+ accusative)
(of a place, poetic) through, among
(time) during
(causality)
thanks to, by aid of
because of
for the sake of
——————————————-
As an Adverb
δῐᾰ́ • (diá)
throughout
——————————————-
This because of that.
This happened through the instrumentality of that.
This resulted from that process.
This on the account of that.
(a) gen: through, throughout, by the instrumentality of, (b) acc: through, on account of, by reason of, for the sake of, because of.
diá (a preposition) – properly, across (to the other side), back-and-forth to go all the way through, “successfully across” (“thoroughly”).
(diá) is also commonly used as a prefix and lend the same idea (“thoroughly,” literally, “successfully” across to the other side).
(diá) is a root of the English term diameter (“across to the other side, through”). Before a vowel, dia is simply written di̓.]
Meter means Mother Earth. Dia-Meter. Across Mother Earth.
8
Q
χωρίς - ἀγορά
A
xṓra, “an open or detached space”
apart from, separated (“without”)
(figuratively) detached, rendering something invalid or valid.
From χώρᾱ (khṓrā), χῶρος (khôros, “place”) + -ίς (-ís), initially meaning “in another, separate space or place”.
χωρίζω (khōrízō, “to divide, separate”)
χωρίς • (khōrís) separately, differently
χῶρος • (khôros) m (genitive χώρου); second declension
space, room, place (in which a thing is)
dwelling place
locality
station
district, region, territory, country, land
field, farm, estate
χώρᾱ • (khṓrā) f (genitive χώρᾱς); first declension location, place, spot (see Latin locus) the proper place one's place in life piece of land: tract, land, field country (opposite town), countryside country, nation
wilhout any person or thing
(making no use of, having no association with, apart from, aloof from, etc.)
Separate or apart.
Without this, that cannot be.
Apart from this, that cannot be.
Co-Dependence.
ἀγορά assembly, especially an assembly of the people (as opposed to a council, βουλή (boulḗ)) the place of assembly speech market things sold at market, provisions, supplies sale the time of market: midday
ᾰ̓γορᾰ́ζω • (agorázō)
(intransitive) to be in the market, to frequent it.
(transitive) to buy in the market, buy, purchase.
9
Q
παρά - παρ’
A
close beside.
from closely alongside
introduces someone (something) as very “close beside.”
“from close beside” (“alongside”).
It stresses nearness (closeness) which is often not conveyed in translation.
3844 (pará) is typically theologically significant, even when used as a prefix (i.e. in composition).
3844 (pará) usually adds the overtone, “from close beside” (implying intimate participation) and can be followed by the genitive, dative, or accusative case – each one conveying a distinct nuance.
with the genitive; and as in Greek prose writings always with the genitive of a person, to denote that a thing proceeds from. the side or the vicinity of one, or from one’s sphere of power, or from one’s wealth or store,
properly, with a suggestion of union of place or of residence, after verbs of coming, departing, setting out, etc.
joined to passive verbs, παρά makes one the author, the giver, etc. (Winers Grammar, 365 (343); Buttmann, § 134, 1); so after ἀποστέλλεσθαι, John 1:6 (the expression originates in the fact that one who is sent is conceived of as having been at the time with the sender, so that he could be selected or commissioned from among a number and then sent off);
from the Lord, by divine agency or by the power at God’s command)
because God had not spoken in person, but by an angel.
from one
10
Q
εἰς
A
INTO WITHIN - UNION WITH
“motion into which” implying penetration (“unto,” “union”) to a particular purpose or result.
to or into (indicating the point reached or entered, of place, time, purpose, result)
into, in, unto, to, upon, towards, for, among.
Not to be confused with εἷς .
into (unto) – literally, “motion into which” implying penetration (“unto,” “union”) to a particular purpose or result.
to or into (indicating the point reached or entered, of place, time, fig. purpose, result)
I. of place, after verbs of going, coming, sailing, flying, falling, living, leading, carrying, throwing, sending, etc.;
of a place entered, or of entrance into a place, into; and a. it stands before nouns designating an open place, a hollow thing, or one in which an object can be hidden:
eis: to or into (indicating the point reached or entered, of place, time, fig. purpose, result)
Original Word: εἰς
Part of Speech: Preposition
Transliteration: eis
Phonetic Spelling: (ice)
Definition: to or into (indicating the point reached or entered, of place, time, purpose, result)
Usage: into, in, unto, to, upon, towards, for, among.
HELPS Word-studies
1519 eis (a preposition) – properly, into (unto) – literally, “motion into which” implying penetration (“unto,” “union”) to a particular purpose or result.
11
Q
περί
A
about, concerning, around (denotes place, cause or subject)
properly, all-around (on every side); encompassing, used of full (comprehensive) consideration where “all the bases are covered”
(perí) is often translated “concerning” (“all about”).
perí is the root of the English term, “perimeter.
12
Q
ἐκ - ἐξ
A
From
‘Of’ the town…
He is one ‘OF’ his friends.
He came ‘FROM’ the south side ‘OF’ the town.
He came ‘OUT OF’ the building.
Out from, out from among, from,
suggesting from the interior outwards.
“out from and to” (the outcome); out from within.
(ek) has a two-layered meaning (“out from and to”) which makes it out-come oriented (out of the depths of the source and extending to its impact on the object).
13
Q
ἀνά ἄνω
A
Up to, upwards, up.
(of location) on, upon.
(+ accusative)
up, upwards, along
in sequence, each, throughout
up to.
upwards, up; among, between; in turn; apiece, by; as a prefix: up, to, anew, back.
Per = steps per meter.
14
Q
ἀντί
A
over against, opposite, hence instead of, in comp. denotes contrast, requital, substitution, correspondence.
properly, opposite, corresponding to, off-setting (over-against); (figuratively) “in place of,” i.e. what substitutes (serves as an equivalent, what is proportional).
it seems to have signified over against, opposite to, before, in a local sense.
indicating exchange, succession, for, instead of, in place of (something).
15
Q
ὀπίσω
A
behind, after; back, backwards.
the things that are behind.
to go backward, John 18:6; to return home, of those who grow recreant to Christ’s teaching and cease to follow him.
to join oneself to one as an attendant and follower.
to go off in order to follow one, to join one’s party.
to follow anyone as a guide, to be his disciple or follower.
to turn oneself back.
of time, after.
get thee behind me.
16
Q
πέραν
A
over, on the other side, beyond.
on the other side.
the region beyond, the opposite shore.
with verbs of going it marks direction toward a place.
Across – beyond, farther (other) side, over.
17
Q
ὑπέρ
A
Hyper.
Super.
over, beyond, fig. on behalf of, for the sake of, concerning.
properly, beyond (above); (figuratively) to extend benefit (help) that reaches beyond the present situation.
hypér (“beyond”) is usually best translated “for the betterment (advantage) of,” i.e. focusing on benefit.
naturally expresses conferring benefit, i.e. for the sake of “betterment” (improvement, extending benefit).
Super…
over, beyond, fig. on behalf of, for the sake of, concerning.
Latin super, over, a preposition, which stands before either the genitive or the accusative according as it is used to express the idea of state and rest or of motion over and beyond a place.
18
Q
ἐπί - ἐπ’ - Ἐφ’
A
on, onto, over,
against, on the basis of, at.
upon the surface of.
ἐπί with the genitive is used after verbs expressing motion to indicate the rest following the motion.
figuratively used of that upon which anything rests.
figuratively used of things, affairs, persons, which one is set over, over which he exercises power.
19
Q
ἀπό
A
from, away from.
of local separation, after verbs of motion from a place (of departing, fleeing, removing, expelling, throwing.)
the separation of apart from the whole; where of a whole some part is taken.
20
Q
Πρὸ
A
Before
21
Q
ὑπὸ
A
Hypo-
Under, lower, below.
22
Q
ὑποκάτω
A
underneath, below, under.
κάτω
(a) down, below, also: downwards, (b) lower, under, less, of a length of time.
23
Q
μετά
μεθ
A
Change, after effect, result.
beyond.
Amid, among.
μετά
3326 metá (a preposition) –
properly, with (“after with”), implying “change afterward” (i.e. what results after the activity).
As an active “with,” 3326 (metá) looks towards the after-effect (change, result) which is only defined by the context.
I. with the genitive; (the Sept. for אֵת, עִם, אַחַר, etc.), among, with (cf. Winer’s Grammar, 376f (352f));
1. amid, among;
with (“after with”), implying “change afterward”
(a) in the genitive: with, in company with.
(b) in the accusative
(1) behind, beyond, after, of place.
(2) after, of time, with nouns, neut. of adjectives.
(metá) before a vowel is written met (meth)
μεθερμηνεύω
24
Q
πᾶς πᾶσα πᾶν πάντα πάντες
Adjective
A
All Parts - Every Part - Everyone How many parts? All parts. How many people? All people. Who was there? Everyone. All, the whole, every kind of...
25
κᾰτᾰ́ κατ' καθ'
Against, Down from, this versus that.
Put down, set, lay down, arrange, establish.
Also an intensifier. (Very much)
κᾰτᾰ́ • (katá) (governs the genitive and accusative)
(with genitive) this versus that, against.
Έγινε έγκλημα κατά της Ελλάδας!
Crimes were committed against Greece.
(with accusative) towards.
Το δωμάτιο βλέπει κατά την ανατολή.
The room faces toward the east.
(with accusative) during
κατά τη διάρκεια του ταξιδιού
During the trip...
(with accusative) around, about, close to
Θα έρθω κατά τις έξι το απόγευμα.
I will come at about six pm.
(with accusative) according
κατά τον Γιώργο ...
according to George ...
```
(+ genitive)
downwards, down from
into
against
(+ accusative)
downwards
along, through, in
towards
during
for, for the purpose of
according to, in conformity with
```
κατασκηνώνω
Put the tent down on the ground. Make camp.
Morphologically κατα- (kata-, “down”) + σκηνή (skiní, “tent”).
καταπόρφυρος
Intense royal purple.
πορφυρός (porfyrós, “Tyrian purple, royal purple”)
καταπράσινος
Intense green, All green.
κατα- (kata-, “intense”) + πράσινος (prásinos, “green”)
κατακόκκινος
Intense red, All red.
κατα- (kata-, “intense”) + κόκκινος (kókkinos, “red”)
καταγάλανος
Intense blue, All blue.
κατα- (kata-, “intense”) + γαλανός (galanós, “blue”)
```
καταλύω
From κατά + λύω
To break down, to destroy, dissolve.
Do away with.
λῡ́ω • (lū́ō) destroy. Unbind. Loose. Untie.
```
```
κᾰτᾰσκευᾰ́ζω
Make, create, construct, fabricate.
From Ancient Greek κατασκευάζω (kataskeuázō), equivalent to κατα- (kata-, “down”) + σκευάζω (skevázo, “to equip”).
σκευάζω • (skeuázō)
I arrange, make ready, prepare
I collect
(passive) I furnish, supply
```
26
κατ' αντιδιαστολή προς
as opposed to,
in contrast to,
in contradistinction to...
in opposition to...
στολή = uniform
27
έναντι εναντίον εναντία
Versus, opposite
28
επάνω
Adverb
Up, upstairs, aloft, up there.
From ἐπί and ἄνω.
ἐπᾰ́νω • (epánō)
above, higher than, more than
29
πάνω
Above, Top
πάνω • (páno)
above, on, up, upstairs
Μη βάζεις τα πόδια σου πάνω στο τραπέζι!
Do not put your feet on the table!
ο πάνω όροφος
The upper floor.
από πάνω από το δικό μου.
The office is one floor above mine.
30
μπλουζα
Top, highest point, peak.
31
κορυφή
Apex, Vertex of a triangle.
Peak, summit, tip-top, head, crown.
capitulum, capital, cap-stone.
Perhaps from κόρῠς (kórus, “helmet”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ḱerh₂- (“horn; top, head”).
ακορύφωτος • (akorýfotos) m (feminine ακορύφωτη, neuter ακορύφωτο)
has not reached a high point, head or climax (events)
has not reached a climax or orgasm (sex)
32
πίσω
Back, behind
33
εμπρός
```
Front, ahead, in front of...
onwards
Forwards,
For,
Forth,
Ahead.
```
34
μπροστά (brostá)
Before
in front, in front of
ahead
35
κάνω πίσω
to recoil, to pull back.
36
με
With
37
του
Of
Pronoun
τοῦ • (toû)
masculine/feminine/neuter genitive singular of τίς (tís)
Article
ὁ • (ho) m, ἡ f (hē), τό n (tó)
(rarely in Epic, often in later Greek) the
Pronoun
ὁ • (ho) m, ἡ f (hē), τό n (tó)
(Epic, demonstrative) that
(Epic, third person personal pronoun) he, she, it, they
(relative, Epic, Ionic, poetic Attic) who, which, that
CRASIS
The article undergoes crasis with nouns and adjectives that start with a vowel:
τὸ ὄνομα → τοὔνομα "the name"
τὰ ἐμά → τᾱ̓μά "my (affairs)"
τὸ ἐναντίον → τοὐναντίον "on the contrary"
τὸ αὐτό → ταὐτό "the same"
καὶ ἐγώ → κᾱ̓γώ "and I", "I too"
καὶ ἐμοί → κᾱ̓μοί "and to me"
Crasis (from the Greek κρᾶσις, "mixing", "blending") is a type of contraction in which two vowels or diphthongs merge into one new vowel or diphthong, making one word out of two.
38
δίπλα
Beside, by
39
δίπλα στο
Next to
40
κατά μήκος
Along, lengthwise, lengthways, longwise, longways.
41
μακριά
Far, far away
Adverb
42
πολύ μακριά
μακρύς
Very far away
```
Adverb
μακριά • (makriá)
far
afar
away
Antonyms
κοντά (kontá, “near”)
```
Adjective
μακριά • (makriá)
Nominative, accusative and vocative feminine singular form of μακρύς (makrýs).
Nominative, accusative and vocative neuter plural form of μακρύς (makrýs).
μακρύς • (makrýs) m (feminine μακριά, neuter μακρύ)
long
43
κοντά
Near, close by.
44
στο
στη
στον
At, to a,
45
εν
Wherein.
in which.
the situation wherein the information will eventually be used
in what place or respect?.
so wherein lies the difference?
46
πέρα πέραν
Beyond, over
47
διά μέσου
Across, via...
48
από
Από
ab-
AWAY FROM - OF - SINCE
of (prep.)
Old English of, unstressed form of æf (prep., adv.) "away, away from," from Proto-Germanic *af (source also of Old Norse af, Old Frisian af, of "of," Dutch af "off, down," German ab "off, from, down"), from PIE root *apo- "off, away." Primary sense in Old English still was "away," but shifted in Middle English with use of the word to translate Latin de, ex, and especially Old French de, which had come to be the substitute for the genitive case. "Of shares with another word of the same length, as, the evil glory of being accessory to more crimes against grammar than any other." [Fowler]
____________________________________
*apo-
also *ap-, Proto-Indo-European root meaning "off, away."
It is the hypothetical source of/evidence for its existence is provided by:
Sanskrit apa "away from,"
Avestan apa "away from,"
Greek apo "from, away from; after;
in descent from,"
Latin ab "away from, from,"
Gothic af,
Old English of "away from."
_______________________________________
apo-
before vowels ap-, word-forming element...
meaning "of, from, away from; separate, apart from, free from,"
from Greek apo "from, away from; after;
in descent from," in compounds, "asunder, off; finishing, completing; back again,"
of time, "after," of origin, "sprung from,
descended from; because of,"
from PIE root *apo- "off, away"
source also of Sanskrit apa "away from,"
Avestan apa "away from,"
Latin ab "away from, from,"
Gothic af,
Old English of "away from,"
Modern English of, off.
________________________________
ab-
word-forming element meaning "away, from, from off, down," denoting disjunction, separation, departure; from Latin ab (prep.) "off, away from" in reference to space or distance, also of time, from PIE root *apo- "off, away" (also the source of Greek apo "off, away from, from," Sanskrit apa "away from," Gothic af, English of, off; see apo-).
The Latin word also denoted "agency by; source, origin; relation to, in consequence of." Since classical times usually reduced to a- before -m-, -p-, or -v-; typically abs- before -c-, -q-, or -t-.
____________________________________
In words from Greek, ap- is the form of apo before a vowel (see apo-).
49
μακριά από
Off, turned off.
50
κάνω πίσω
κάνω πίσω (káno píso, “to recoil, to pull back”)
51
στη διάρκεια
During
throughout the course or duration of (a period of time).
the restaurant is open during the day
52
αγκαλιά
Embrace,
holding a baby in her arms
κρατώντας ένα μωρό στην αγκαλιά της
53
γᾰ́ρ
for
since
indeed
in fact resulting from
Conjunction
γε + ᾰ̓́ρᾰ
γε • (ge) (discourse particle)
often translatable with italics or stress
(limiting) at least, at any rate, only
(intensifying) in fact
ᾰ̓́ρᾰ • (ára)
so, then, therefore, consequently
γᾰ́ρ is a post-positive word, i.e. it is never the first word in a sentence. It is usually the second, but sometimes also the third or fourth.
when introduces new proposal means
as well as
colloquially used to emphasize or highlight the faculty or the property of something or someone
Proto-Indo-European / gʰe
Postpositional intensifying particle,
indeed, at any rate, in fact
Discourse particle, indeed, of course, surely
54
ἐπί
Upon = Up-On
on (the surface of)
on, to, against, on the basis of, at.
epí (a preposition) – properly, on (upon), implying what "fits" given the "apt contact," building on the verbal idea. 1909 /epí ("upon") naturally looks to the response (effect) that goes with the envisioned contact, i.e. its apt result ("spin-offs," effects). The precise nuance of 1909 (epí) is only determined by the context, and by the grammatical case following it – i.e. genitive, dative, or accusative case.
joined to the genitive, the dative, and the accusative; its primary signification is upon
A. with the genitive (cf. Winers Grammar, § 47, g.; Buttmann, 336 (289));
A. of place; and
B. of the place on which.
upon the surface of (Latinin orsuper with the abl., German auf with the dative); after verbs of a biding, remaining, standing, going, coming, etc.; of doing anything:
55
ἕως
(heh'-oce)
Short Definition: until, as far as
Definition: (a) conj: until, (b) prep: as far as, up to, as much as, until.
ἕως, a particle marking a limit.
the temporal terminus ad quem, till, until (Latindonee,usquedum); as in the best writings a. with an preterite indicative, where something is spoken of which continued up to a certain time.
56
μετ’
WITH - AMONG - AFTER - BEHIND
```
Preposition
Transliteration: meta
Phonetic Spelling: (met-ah')
Definition: with, among, after
Usage: (a) gen: with, in company with, (b) acc: (1) behind, beyond, after, of place, (2) after, of time, with nouns, neut. of adjectives.
```
3326 metá (a preposition) – properly, with ("after with"), implying "change afterward" (i.e. what results after the activity). As an active "with," 3326 (metá) looks towards the after-effect (change, result) which is only defined by the context.
[3326 (metá) before a vowel is written met (meth).]
57
με
με • (me) (+ accusative)
with
μίλησε με την Ελένη ―
mílise me tin Eléni ―
he talked with Eleni
```
by
πουλάει με το κιλό ―
pouláei me to kiló ―
she sells by the kilo
by, on
```
με το αυτοκίνητο ―
me to aftokínito ―
by car
με τα πόδια ― me ta pódia ― on foot
58
για
FOR - TO
for
για, επί, υπέρ, περί, διά, χάριν
to
για, προς, μέχρι, εις
about
για, σχετικά με, περί, γύρω από, επάνω
about to
για
unto
προς, εις, μέχρι, για
————————————————-
for
states the cause
tried for theft
δικάστηκε για κλοπή
states the reference
He talked about what happened
μου μίλησε για ό,τι συνέβη
states the consideration
How much do you want for the rent?
π'οσα θέλεις για το ενοίκιο;
states the purpose
go to shopping
πάω για ψώνια
indicates the duration
leave for a week
φεύγουν για μια βδομάδα
indicates movement to a place
go on beyond
the train leaves for Thessaloniki
το τρένο φεύγει για Θεσσαλονίκη
indicates the duration of time
he was imprisoned for five years
φυλακίστηκε για πέντε χρόνια
59
With
AGAIN - UNION - AMONG - MORE APART
```
Another but of the same.
Different but similar.
Unique addition of the same form.
A Replicant resulting from a Rule Set.
A 'Copy' of a Model, Blueprint or Plan.
A Unique Form constrained by Rules.
```
with (prep.)
Old English wið "against, opposite, from, toward, by, near," a shortened form related to wiðer, from Proto-Germanic *withro- "against" (source also of Old Saxon withar "against," Old Norse viðr "against, with, toward, at," Middle Dutch, Dutch weder, Dutch weer "again," Gothic wiþra "against, opposite"), from PIE *wi-tero-, literally "more apart," suffixed form of *wi- "separation" (source also of Sanskrit vi "apart," Avestan vi- "asunder," Sanskrit vitaram "further, farther," Old Church Slavonic vutoru "other, second"). Compare widow (n.).
_________________________________
AGAINST
again (adv.)
late Old English agan, from earlier ongean (prep.) "toward; opposite, against, contrary to; in exchange for," as an adverb "in the opposite direction, back, to or toward a former place or position," from on "on" (see on (prep.) and compare a- (1)) + -gegn "against, toward," from Germanic root *gagina (source also of Old Norse gegn "straight, direct;" Danish igen "against;" Old Frisian jen, Old High German gegin, German gegen "against, toward," entgegen "against, in opposition to")
In Old English, eft (see eftsoons) was the main word for "again," but this often was strengthened by ongean, which became the principal word by 13c. Norse influence is responsible for the hard -g-. Differentiated from against (q.v.) 16c. in southern writers, again becoming an adverb only, and against taking over as preposition and conjunction, but again clung to all senses in northern and Scottish dialect (where against was not adopted). Of action, "in return," early 13c.; of action or factr, "once more," late 14c.
eftsoons (adv.)
obsolete or archaic way of saying "soon afterward," from Old English eftsona "a second time, repeatedly, soon after, again," from eft "afterward, again, a second time" (from Proto-Germanic *aftiz, from PIE root *apo- "off, away") + sona "immediately" (see soon). With adverbial genitive. Not in living use since 17c.
```
soon (adv.)
Old English sona "at once, immediately, directly, forthwith,"
from Proto-Germanic *sæno
Old Frisian son,
Old Saxon sana,
Old High German san,
Gothic suns "soon").
Sense softened early Middle English to "within a short time" (compare anon, just (adv.)). American English. Sooner for "Oklahoma native" is 1930 (earlier "one who acts prematurely," 1889), from the 1889 opening to whites of what was then part of Indian Territory, when many would-be settlers sneaked onto public land and staked their claims "sooner" than the legal date and time.
```
anon (adv.)
late Old English anon "straightway, forthwith," earlier on an, literally "into one," thus "continuously; straightway (in one course), at once;" see one. As a reply, "at once, coming!" By gradual misuse, "soon, in a little while" (1520s). A one-word etymological lesson in procrastination.
```
*oi-no-
Proto-Indo-European root meaning "one, unique."
It is the hypothetical source of/evidence for its existence is provided by:
Greek oinos "ace (on dice);"
Latin unus "one;"
Old Persian aivam;
Old Church Slavonic -inu, ino-;
Lithuanian vienas;
Old Irish oin;
Breton un "one;"
Old English an,
German ein,
Gothic ains "one."
```
It forms all or part of: a (1) indefinite article; alone; an; Angus; anon; atone; any; eleven; inch (n.1) "linear measure, one-twelfth of a foot;" lone; lonely; non-; none; null; once; one; ounce (n.1) unit of weight; quincunx; triune; unanimous; unary; une; uni-; Uniate; unilateral; uncial; unicorn; union; unique; unison; unite; unity; universal; universe; university; zollverein.
60
μέσος
MIDDLE - BETWEEN
Adjective
μέσος • (mésos) m (feminine μέση, neuter μέσον); first/second declension
middle of, between, amidst
half
of middle quality: moderate, intermediate.
Greek: μέσος (mésos, “middle”)
μέσο n (méso, “middle”)
_____________________________________
μέσο • (méso) n (plural μέσα)
(middle)
Προχωρήστε προς το μέσο του λεωφορείου!
Move to the middle part of the bus!
_____________________________________
μέσο • (méso) n (plural μέσα)
(means, medium, tool, agent)
μέσο παραγωγής ―
means of production
μέσο ενημέρωσης ―
medium (of information)
```
αναγωγικό μέσο ―
reducing agent (chemistry)
```
ένδικο μέσο n (“legal remedy”)
εν μέσω (“amidst”) (formal)
στα μέσα (“during the middle time of”)
(in the plural) means, resources.
__________________________________________
From Proto-Hellenic *métsos,
from Proto-Indo-European *médʰyos (“between”).
Cognate with Latin medius,
Sanskrit मध्य (madhya),
Old Armenian մէջ (mēǰ), etc.
61
πέρα
ACROSS - BEYOND - THE OTHER SIDE
πέρα • (péra)
beyond.
πέρα • (péra)
beyond.
______________________________________
Adverb
πέρᾱν • (pérān)
(with genitive, often with the associated idea of a body of water)
on the other side, across.
Compare
περάω (“to pass through, traverse”)
πείρω (“to pierce”).
(absolute) on the other side.
with verbs of motion, followed by εἰς (eis) over or across to.
over against, opposite
______________________________________
```
εκεί πέρα (“over there”)
εδώ πέρα (“1. here; 2. in that case”)
κάνω πέρα (“1. step aside; 2. oust, distance”)
πέρα από κάθε (“beyond”)
πέρα βρέχει (péra vréchei)
πέρα-δώθε (“back and forth”)
πέρα για πέρα (“totally, absolutely”)
πέρα ως πέρα (“totally, absolutely”)
τα βγάζω πέρα (“I manage”)
τα φέρνω πέρα (I manage”)
```
____________________________________
Verb
περᾰ́ω • (peráō)
From πέρα (péra, “beyond”)
to go from one side to another
to pass through over or traverse, cross, esp. over water
(intransitive) to penetrate or pierce (of a pointed weapon)
_____________________________________
```
Original Word: πέραν
Part of Speech: Adverb
Transliteration: peran
Phonetic Spelling: (per'-an)
Definition: on the other side
Usage: over, on the other side, beyond.
```
Apparently accusative case of an obsolete derivative of peiro (to "pierce"); through (as adverb or preposition), i.e. Across -- beyond, farther (other) side, over.
______________________________________
απέναντι • (apénanti)
Adverb
opposite, on the other side, across, over the way from
_____________________________________
SELL - EXCHANGE
πιπράσκω • (pipráskō)
to sell, esp. for exportation.
(perfect passive, πέπραμαι) to be betrayed, ruined, undone.
Verb
πέρνημι • (pérnēmi)
to sell.
From Proto-Indo-European *per- (“to sell”); cognate with Latin pars and portiō.
62
διά μέσου
ACROSS - TO CROSS OVER THE MIDDLE
δῐᾰ́ • (diá) (governs the genitive and accusative)
```
(+ genitive)
(of a place)
in a line
through
in the midst of, between
along
at intervals of, at every
(time)
between
after
every (interval of time)
(causality)
through, by
(later prose) out of (materials from which something is made)
(+ accusative)
(of a place, poetic) through, among
(time) during
(causality)
thanks to, by aid of
because of
for the sake of.
```
From *δισα (disa),
from Proto-Indo-European *dwís
related to δίς (dís, “twice”) and δύο (dúo, “two”)
Cognates include Latin dis- and Gothic 𐌳𐌹𐍃- (dis-).
_________________________________________
μέσου
Middle - Inbetween.
Adverb
δῐᾰ́ • (diá)
throughout
63
εγκαρσίως
A BEAM THAT SPANS ACROSS
TRANSVERSE
64
μεταμορφώνω
TRANSFORM
65
αλλάζω
ALTER - CHANGE
αλλάζω • (allázo) (simple past άλλαξα, passive αλλάζομαι)
change, alter (appearance, content or substance of something)
see: αλλαγή f (, “change”)
αλλαγή • (allagí) f (plural αλλαγές)
change, differentiation, replacement (the action and the effect)
Έκανε μια αλλαγή στις ρυθμίσεις. ―
He made a change to the settings.
Η αλλαγή στη συμπεριφορά του ήταν απροσδόκητη. ―
The change in behaviour was not expected.
____________________________________
Adjective
ἄλλος • (állos) m (feminine ἄλλη, neuter ἄλλο); first/second declension
other, another, different, else.
```
From Proto-Hellenic *áľľos,
from Proto-Indo-European *h₂élyos.
Cognates include Latin alius,
Old Irish aile,
Old Armenian այլ (ayl),
Old English elles (English else).
```
*h₂élyos
other, another.
*h₂el- (imperfective)
to grow, nourish.
Latin: alumnus.
From Proto-Indo-European *h₂el-o-mno- (“being nourished”), mediopassive participle of *h₂el- (“to nourish, grow”) (whence alō).
alumnus (feminine alumna, neuter alumnum); first/second declension
Nourished, fostered, etc.
Latin - oleō
Verb
oleō (found only in compounds)
I increase, grow.
From Proto-Italic *oleō, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂oléye-, the o-grade causative of *h₂el- (“grow, nourish”). Cognate to Latin alō.
Latin - alō (present infinitive alere, perfect active aluī, supine altum or alitum); third conjugation
I foster, nourish.
I feed, I maintain, I develop
66
μετατρέπω
MODIFY - CONVERT - TRANSMUTE
67
μεταποιώ
REMAKE - TRANS-MAKE - TRANSMUTE
68
θέση
POSITION
From Ancient Greek θέσις (thésis, “placement”),
from Ancient Greek τίθημι (títhēmi, “I place”).
θέση • (thési) f (plural θέσεις)
position (a place, location)
job, post
station, status.
______________________________________
Noun
θέσῐς • (thésis) f (genitive θέσεως); third declension
a setting, placement, arrangement
deposit
adoption (of a child)
adoption (in the more general sense of accepting as one's own)
(philosophy) position, conclusion, thesis
(dancing) putting down the foot
(metre) the last half of the foot
(rhetoric) affirmation
(grammar) stop.
Could simply be from τίθημι (títhēmi, “I put, place”) + -σις (-sis), or could go back earlier. If so, would be from a Proto-Indo-European *dʰéh₁tis, from *dʰeh₁- (whence also τίθημι (títhēmi)), with cognates including Sanskrit अपिहिति (ápihiti), Avestan 𐬀𐬭𐬋𐬌𐬛𐬍𐬙𐬌 (arōidīti), Latin conditiō, and Gothic 𐌲𐌰𐌳𐌴𐌳𐍃 (gadēds). More at deed.
________________________________________
DEED
From Middle English dede, from Old English dēd, dǣd (“deed, act”), from Proto-Germanic *dēdiz (“deed”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰéh₁tis (“deed, action”). Analyzable through Proto-Germanic as do + -th. Cognate with West Frisian died, Dutch daad (“deed, act”), German Low German Daad, German Tat (“deed, action”), Swedish, Norwegian and Danish dåd (“act, action”). The Proto-Indo-European root is also the source of Ancient Greek θέσις (thésis, “setting, arrangement”).
Noun
Edit
deed (plural deeds)
An action or act; something that is done.
Bible, Genesis xliv. 15
And Joseph said to them, What deed is this which ye have done?
A brave or noteworthy action; a feat or exploit.
Spenser
knightly deeds
Dryden
whose deeds some nobler poem shall adorn
Action or fact, as opposed to rhetoric or deliberation.
I have fulfilled my promise in word and in deed.
(law) A legal contract showing bond in form of a document.
I inherited the deed to the house.
Verb
Edit
deed (third-person singular simple present deeds, present participle deeding, simple past and past participle deeded)
(informal) To transfer real property by deed.
He deeded over the mineral rights to some fellas from Denver.
69
τόπος
τοποθεσία
τοποθεσία
τοποθετώ
LOCATION - POSITION - PLACE
τοποθεσία • (topothesía) f (plural τοποθεσίες)
place, location
site, situation.
τοποθετώ (topothetó, “to place”)
Verb
Edit
τοποθετώ • (topothetó) (simple past τοποθέτησα, passive τοποθετούμαι)
I position
τόπος m (tópos, “place”)
________________________________
Noun
Edit
τόπος • (tópos) m (plural τόποι)
```
place, location, locality
country
native land
home town
space, room (occupied by something)
soil, land
(mathematics) locus (set of points)
```
```
Related terms
αγριότοπος m (“wild country, wilderness”)
τοποθεσία f ("position, place”)
τοποθετώ (“to position”)
κοινός τόπος m (“commonplace”)
```
70
κίνηση
MOTION
κίνηση • (kínisi) f (plural κινήσεις)
```
(physics) movement (physical motion)
movement
traffic
blink (of eye)
flow
activity.
```
see: κινώ (kinó, “to move”)
_______________________________________
κῑ́νημᾰ • (kī́nēma) n (genitive κῑνήμᾰτος); third declension
movement.
The movement itself.
_______________________________________
Verb
κινώ • (kinó) (simple past κίνησα, passive κινούμαι)
move, start, arouse.
From Proto-Indo-European *ḱey-. Compare κίω (kíō, “I go”) and κίνυμαι (kínumai, “I go, move”), Latin cieo "move".
Edit
κῑνέω • (kīnéō)
```
to set in motion, move, remove
(grammar) to inflect
to meddle
to change, innovate
to begin, cause
to urge on, stir on
to arouse, exasperate, anger, taunt, abuse
(passive) to be moved, to stir, to move
```
_______________________________________
κῐ́ω
Verb
To go.
ἐπείπερ ἄλλως, ὦ ξέν’, εἰς Ἄργος κίεις...
Stranger, since anyway you are going to Argos...
σὺ δ’ ἔσω κίε, μηδέ τι θυμῷ τάρβει:
But do not be afraid; go straight in.
αἰακτὸς ἐς δόμους κίε:
With sounds of wailing go to your homes.
λεῖφ’ ἕδρανα, κί’ ἐς δόρυ
Leave here and go aboard!
_________________________________
Latin - cieō
present infinitive ciēre, perfect active cīvī, supine citum); second conjugation
I put in motion; act
I move, stir, shake.
I summon, call.
I call upon (by name) for help, invoke, appeal to.
I rouse, stimulate, excite; disturb; produce, cause, begin, provoke.
Latin - cīvis m, f (genitive cīvis); third declension
citizen
Civis romanus sum.
I am a Roman citizen.
_______________________________
*meue-
*meuə-, Proto-Indo-European root meaning "to push away."
It forms all or part of: commotion; emotion; mob; mobile; moment; momentary; momentous; momentum; motif; motility; motion; motive; moto-; motor; move; movement; mutiny; premotion; promote; remote; remove.
It is the hypothetical source of/evidence for its existence is provided by: Sanskrit kama-muta "moved by love" and probably mivati "pushes, moves;" Greek ameusasthai "to surpass," amyno "push away;" Latin movere "move, set in motion;" Lithuanian mauti "push on."
71
διαδίδω
ακτινοβολώ
PROPAGATE - SPREAD - DIFFUSE
PROMULGATE - DISSEMINATE
___________________________________
Preposition
διά • (diá)
by, for
___________________________________
Verb
ακτινοβολώ • (aktinovoló) (simple past ακτινοβόλησα)
emit light, shine, beam
(figuratively) beam, shine with happiness.
______________________________________
Verb
δίδωμι • (dídōmi)
I give, present, offer
I grant, allow, permit
(perfect active) to allow; (perfect passive) to be allowed
From Proto-Indo-European *de-deh₃-, reduplicated present of *deh₃- (“to give”).
Cognates include Latin dō,
Sanskrit ददाति (dádāti),
Old Persian 𐎭𐎭𐎠𐎬𐎢𐎺 (d-d-a-tu-u-v /dadātuv/) and
Old Armenian տամ (tam).
```
Latin - do
Give
I offer - Render
From Proto-Italic *didō,
from Proto-Indo-European *dédeh₃ti,
from the root *deh₃- (“give”).
```
*déh₃t (perfective)
to give
____________________________________
βόλος
To cast a round fishing net.
To toss.
To throw.
the Ancient Greek term βόλος (“fishing net”)
or βῶλος (bôlos, “lump of soil”).
Noun
Edit
βόλος • (bólos) m (genitive βόλου); second declension
a throw with a casting-net, a cast of a net
(transferred senses):
a net
the thing caught, a draught or catch
a casting of teeth
a cast of dice
Synonym of θύρα, πηλός, βῶλος (thúra, pēlós, bôlos)
____________________________________
ακτίνα f (“beam, light ray”)
ακτίνα • (aktína) f (plural ακτίνες)
(physics) light ray, beam of light, X-ray
(or other radiation)
sunbeam
(geometry) radius (dimension of a circle, physical line)
σε ακτίνα
within a radius of 200 kilometers.
spoke (of a wheel)
___________________________________
Noun
ἀκτῑ́ς • (aktī́s) f (genitive ἀκτῖνος); third declension.
ray, beam
(figuratively) brightness, splendor.
spoke (of a wheel)
Sometimes compared with Sanskrit अक्तु (aktu, “beam, ray”)
_____________________________________
72
προς - Μακριά/ μακριά
TOWARD - AWAY FAR
73
από
FROM
Edit
από • (apó) (+ accusative)
(position): from
ξεκίνησε από το σπίτι ― xekínise apó to spíti ― started from home
(source, origin): from
είμαι από την Ελλάδα ― eímai apó tin Elláda ― I am from Greece
(time): from, at, by, since
θα είμαι εδώ από νωρίς ― tha eímai edó apó norís ― I'll be early (literally, “I will be here from early”)
(cause): by, with, from
παρασύρθηκε από την οργή ― parasýrthike apó tin orgí ― he was carried away by anger
(measurement): from
από 25 ως 28 βαθμούς ― apó 25 os 28 vathmoús ― from 25 to 28 degrees
(state): from
έγινε από φιλόλογος προγραμματιστής ― égine apó filólogos programmatistís ― he changed from philologist into programmer
(arithmetic): out of, from
προσελήφθησαν οι τρεις από τους πέντε υποψηφίους ― proselífthisan oi treis apó tous pénte ypopsifíous ― three out of five applicants were taken on
10 από 35 κάνει 25 ― 10 apó 35 kánei 25 ― 10 from 35 gives 25
74
εκ
OUTWARDS
75
διά
BY WAY OF...
Preposition
Edit
διά • (diá)
by, for.
Ancient Greek διά (diá, “during; because of”).
Doublet of για (gia).
___________________________________
Preposition
δῐᾰ́ • (diá) (governs the genitive and accusative)
```
(+ genitive)
(of a place)
in a line
through
in the midst of, between
along
at intervals of, at every
```
(time)
between
after
every (interval of time)
(causality)
through, by
(later prose) out of (materials from which something is made)
(+ accusative)
(of a place, poetic) through, among.
(time) during.
(causality)
thanks to, by aid of.
because of
for the sake of
76
για
FOR
Preposition
για • (gia)
(time, duration, takes accusative): for
για στάσου (wait a minute)
φυλακίστηκε για πέντε χρόνια (he was imprisoned for five years)
(cause, reason, takes accusative): for
φυλακίστηκε για κλοπή (he was imprisoned for theft)
(use): for, by
αυτός ο δρόμος δεν είναι για μηχανάκια (this road is not for motorcycles)
(end, intention, destination, takes accusative or genitive): for
για σένα (for you)
πάω για ψώνια (go shopping)
το τρένο φεύγει για Θεσσαλονίκη (the train leaves for Thessalonica)
(about, takes accusative): about
μου μίλησε για ό,τι συνέβη (He told me about what happened)
Inherited from Ancient Greek διά (diá, “during; because of”). Doublet of διά (diá).
77
με
WITH
με • (me) (+ accusative)
with
μίλησε με την Ελένη ―
he talked with Eleni.
by
πουλάει με το κιλό ―
she sells by the kilo.
by, on
με το αυτοκίνητο ―
by car
με τα πόδια ―
on foot
Με μισεί … μ' αγαπά!
She hates me … she loves me!
_____________________________________
From a metanalysis of the Byzantine Greek phrase μεταῦτα (itself from μεταταῦτα by haplology, from μετά (metá) + ταῦτα (taûta)), from Ancient Greek μετά (metá, “with”).
78
μετᾰ́
μετᾰ́ • (metá) (governs the genitive, dative, and accusative)
```
(+ genitive)
in the midst of, among, between, with
in common, along with, by aid of
concerning one's dealings with
(rare) at the same time.
```
(+ dative, only in poetry, usually Epic)
between, among
besides, over and above.
(+ accusative)
coming into
in pursuit of
of sequence or succession.
(of a place) after, behind.
(time) after this time, later.
(worth, rank) next, after.
after, according to.
among, between.
__________________________________
μετᾰ́ • (metá)
among them, with them
afterwards
thereafter
79
σαν
LIKE - AS IF
ωσάν ( alternative form)
Preposition
σαν • (san) (+ accusative)
like, as, as if
να ζήσει σαν βασιλιάς ― to live like a king
σαν φίλος ― as a friend
συμπεριφέρεται σαν μεγιστάνας ― behave like a tycoon.
_________________________________________
BECAUSE - AS - WHEN
Σταμάτησε να μιλάει σαν να κατάλαβε το λάθος που έκανε.
He stopped talking when he realized the mistake he had made
80
δειξη
ένδειξη
δεικνύω
δείκνυμι
PROOF - INDICATION - SUGGEST
SHOW - TEACH
POINT OUT - POINT OF VIEW
ένδειξη
indication, clue, suggestion.
δείκτης
Index, Index finger.
deixis (n.)
"indication, pointing out," 1949, in grammar, from Greek deixis "reference," from deiknynai "to show" (from PIE root *deik- "to show"). Related: Deictic.
__________________________________________
δείχνω • (deíchno) (simple past έδειξα, passive δείχνομαι)
indicate, point out, point to
demonstrate, show how
(intransitive) seem.
From δεικνύω (“to indicate”)
From Ancient Greek δείκνυμι (“I show”).
__________________________________________
ευρετήριο • (evretírio) n (plural ευρετήρια)
index (alphabetical listing)
book with alphabetically labelled pages (address book)
__________________________________________
*deik-
Proto-Indo-European root meaning "to show," also "pronounce solemnly," "also in derivatives referring to the directing of words or objects"
It is the hypothetical source of/evidence for its existence is provided by:
Sanskrit dic- "point out, show;"
Greek deiknynai "to show, to prove," dike "custom, usage;"
Latin - dicere "speak, tell, say,"
Latin - digitus "finger,"
Old High German zeigon,
German zeigen "to show,"
Old English - teon "to accuse,"
Old English - tæcan "to teach."
__________________________________________
in·dex
noun
1. an alphabetical list of names, subjects, etc., with references to the places where they occur, typically found at the end of a book.
2. an indicator, sign, or measure of something.
"exam results may serve as an index of the teacher's effectiveness"
synonyms: guide, clue, hint, indication, indicator, lead, sign, signal, mark, token, evidence, symptom, implication, intimation, suggestion
"literature is an index to the condition of civilization"
verb
1. record (names, subjects, etc.) in an index.
"the list indexes theses under regional headings"
2. link the value of (prices, wages, or other payments) automatically to the value of a price index.
"legislation indexing wages to prices"
__________________________________________
Synonyms
φαίνομαι (“to seem, to feign")
Derived terms
αναδεικνύω (“to emphasise, to show off”)
αποδεικνύω (“to prove”)
ανταποδεικνύω (“to disprove”)
επιδεικνύω (“to exhibit”)
μικροδείχνω (“to look younger than your age”)
ξαναδείχνω (“to show again”)
υποδεικνύω (“to indicate, to suggest”)
Related terms
ένδειξη f ( “indication”)
__________________________________________
αποδεικνύω • (apodeiknýo) (simple past απέδειξα, απόδειξα, passive αποδεικνύομαι)
prove, demonstrate.
απο- (“intensified”) + δεικνύω ( “indicate”)
αποδείχνω • (apodeíchno) (simple past απέδειξα, passive αποδείχνομαι)
Alternative form of αποδεικνύω (apodeiknýo)
_________________________________________
αναδεικνύω • (anadeiknýo) (simple past ανέδειξα, ανάδειξα, passive αναδεικνύομαι)
reveal, show off, promote, emphasise
Tο απλό φόρεμα αναδεικνύει όλη την ομορφιά της.
To apló fórema anadeiknýei óli tin omorfiá tis.
The simple dress shows off her all her beauty.
distinguish, appoint.
_________________________________________
ανάδειξη • (anádeixi) f (plural αναδείξεις)
distinction, eminence
_________________________________________
αναδεικνύομαι • (anadeiknýomai) passive (simple past αναδείχθηκα, αναδείχτηκα, active αναδεικνύω)
be emphasised, be shown off
be distinguished, make one's mark
_________________________________________
δεικνύω • (deiknýo) (simple past έδειξα)
Katharevousa form of δείχνω (deíchno, “to indicate, to demonstrate”)
_________________________________________
```
δεικνύω
to show, expose to the eyes
metaph.
to give evidence or proof of a thing
to show by words or teach.
```
STRONGS NT 1166: δεικνύω
δεικνύω (δεικνύειν, Matthew 16:21; δεικνύεις, John 2:18; τοῦ δεικνύοντος, Revelation 22:8 [not Tdf.]) and δείκνυμι (1 Corinthians 12:31; Matthew 4:8; John 5:20; cf. Buttmann, 45 (39)); future δείξω; 1 aorist ἔδειξα; 1 aorist passive participle δειχθείς (Hebrews 8:5);
the Sept. mostly for הִרְאָה; to show, exhibit;
1. properly, to show, i. e. expose to the eyes: τινί τι,
Matthew 4:8; Luke 4:5; Luke 20:24 (for Rec. ἐπιδείξ.); Luke 22:12; 24:40 [R G L, but T omits; Tr brackets WH reject the verse]; Mark 14:15; John 20:20; Acts 7:3; ὁδόν τινι,
metaphorically, in which one ought to go, i. e. to teach one what he ought to do,
1 Corinthians 12:31; κατὰ τὸν τύπον τὸν δειχθέντα σοι, Hebrews 8:5;
ἑαυτὸν δεικνύναι τινί to expose oneself to the view of one,
Matthew 8:4; Mark 1:44; Luke 5:14;
δεῖξον ἡμῖν τὸν πατέρα render the Father visible to us,
John 14:8f; of things presented to one in a vision: τινί τι,
Revelation 17:1; Revelation 21:9; Revelation 22:1, 8; δεῖξαί τινι, ἃ δεῖ γενέσθαι, Revelation 1:1;
Revelation 4:1; Revelation 22:6. to show, equivalent to to bring to pass, produce what can be seen (German sehen lassen); of miracles performed in presence of others to be seen by them:
σημεῖον, John 2:18, (Baruch 6 [i. e., epistle of Jeremiah] 66; σῆμα, Homer, Odyssey 3, 174; Iliad 13, 244); ἔργα ἔκ τινος, works done by the aid of one, John 10:32; τὴν ἐπιφάνειαν Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ, spoken of God, as the author of Christ's visible return, 1 Timothy 6:15; ἔργα δεικνύειν is used differently in John 5:20, to show works to one for him to do.
2. metaphorically,
a. with the accusative of the thing, to give the evidence or proof of a thing: πίστιν, James 2:18; τὶ ἔκ τινος, as τὴν πίστιν ἐκ τῶν ἔργων, ibid.; τὰ ἔργα ἐκ τῆς καλῆς ἀναστροφῆς, James 3:13.
b. to show by words, to teach: followed by ὅτι, Matthew 16:21 (διδάσκειν in Mark 8:31 for δεικνύειν); followed by an infinitive Acts 10:28. [Compare: ἀνα-, ἀπο-, ἐν-, ἐπι-, ὑποδείκνυμι.]
THAYER’S GREEK LEXICON, Electronic Database.
81
μέχρι
UNTIL - AS FAR AS
μέχρι, indicating extent, is unto, as far as.
ἄχρι, indicating ascent, signifies up to.
μέχρι • (mékhri) (governs the genitive)
Marker of spatial extension: as far as
Marker of temporal extension: until
Marker of general extent: to the point of, so far as
μέχρι • (méchri)
until, till, til, 'til
θα μείνω μέχρι… ―
I will stay until…
μέχρι το 1975 ―
until 1975
until, as far as
μέχρι τέλους ―
as far as the end.
Περπατάω μέχρι την ταβέρνα. ―
I walked as far as the tavern.
From Proto-Indo-European *méǵʰ(s)ri (locative), from *me (“with”) (cf. μετά (metá)) and *ǵʰes- (“hand”) (whence χείρ (kheír)). Cognate with its zero-grade ἄχρι (ákhri), Old Armenian մերձ (merj).
________________________________________
χείρ • (kheír) f (genitive χειρός); third declension
hand
From Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰesr- (“hand”). Cognate with Old Armenian ձեռն (jeṙn), Old Persian 𐎭𐎿𐎫 (dasta), Albanian dorë (“hand”), Tocharian A tsar, and Latin hīr (“hand”).
*ǵʰes-
hand
take, give in exchange.
Hellenic: *kʰéhr
Ancient Greek: χείρ (kheír)
Aeolic Greek: χέρρ (khérrh, acc.sg.)
Doric Greek: χέρς (khérs), χήρ (khḗr)
*kʰéhr-nikʷs (< + *neygʷ- (“to wash”))
Ancient Greek: χέρνιψ (khérnips, “water for washing the hands”)
Mycenaean Greek: 𐀐𐀛𐀣 (ke-ni-qa, = χέρνιβα, acc.sg.)
Anatolian: *gésr-
Hittite: 𒆠𒌍𒊬 (ke-eš-šar /keššar/)
Luwian: 𒄿𒅖𒊭𒊑𒅖 (i-iš-ša-ri-iš /īš(ša)riš/)
Lycian: 𐊆𐊈𐊕𐊁𐊅𐊆 (izredi, “hand”, abl.-instr.sg.)
_________________________________________
μέχρῐς (mékhris) – before vowels.
The general rule of μέχρῐς (mékhris) being used before vowels only holds true in poetry, and is generally (but not always) ignored in prose works, with μέχρι being used regardless of what follows.
_________________________________________
SYNONYMS
έως (éos) (preposition)
ως (os) (preposition)
ωσότου (osótou) (conjunction)
ώσπου (óspou) (conjunction)
82
ἄχρῐ
UP TO - AS FAR AS - UNTIL
ἄχρι, indicating ascent, signifies up to.
μέχρι, indicating extent, is unto, as far as.
Akin to ἄκρον (G206) (through the idea of a terminus)
ἄχρῐ • (ákhri) (governs the genitive)
even to, as far as
(of time) until.
(of space) as far as, even to.
(of measure or degree) up to this point.
```
(of time) until or,
(of place) up to,
as far as,
for, in(-to),
till,
(even, un-)to,
until, while.
```
until a certain time, for a season.
it has the force of a conjunction, until, to the time that: followed by the indicative preterite, of things that actually occurred and up to the beginning of which something continued.
followed by a subjunctive aorist having the force of a future perfect.
ἄχρι, indicating ascent, signifies up to.
μέχρι, indicating extent, is unto, as far as.
_________________________________
As a conjunction
(of time) until, so long as.
(of space) so far as.
83
ἐγγὺς
έγγιστά
εγγύτατοί
εγγύτερον
NEAR - (in place of time)
ἐγγὺς
near
Prep
```
Original Word: ἐγγύς
Part of Speech: Adverb
Transliteration: eggus
Phonetic Spelling: (eng-goos')
Definition: near (in place or time)
Usage: near.
NAS Exhaustive Concordance
Word Origin
of uncertain origin
Definition
near (in place or time)
NASB Translation
close (1), near (27), nearby (1), nearer (1), ready (1).
```
Thayer's Greek Lexicon
STRONGS NT 1451: ἔγγιστα
[ἔγγιστα, neuter plural superlative (from ἐγγύς) as adverb, nearest, next: WH (rejected) marginal reading in Mark 6:36 (others, κύκλῳ].
STRONGS NT 1451: ἐγγύςἐγγύς, adverb (from ἐν and γυιον (limb, hand), at hand; (but rather allied with ἄγχι, ἄγχω, anxious, anguish, etc.; see Curtius § 166; Vanicek, p. 22)) (from Homer down), the Sept. for קָרוב; near;
1. of place and position;
a. properly: absolutely, John 19:42 (cf. also 20 G L T Tr WH (but see below)); with the genitive (Matthiae, § 339, 1, p. 812; Winers Grammar, 195 (183); (471 (439); Buttmann, § 132, 24)), Luke 19:11; John 3:23; John 6:19, 23; John 11:18, 54; John 19:20 (Rec., but see above); Acts 1:12; with the dative (Matthiae, § 386, 6; Kühner, § 423, 13; (Jelf, § 592, 2)), Acts 9:38; Acts 27:8.
b. tropically; οἱ ἐγγύς, those who are near of access to God, i. e. Jews, and οἱ μακράν, those who are alien from the true God and the blessings of the theocracy, i. e. Gentiles: Ephesians 2:17 (cf. Isaiah 57:19); ἐγγύς γίνεσθαι, to be brought near, namely, to the blessings of the kingdom of God, Ephesians 2:13 (so with the rabbis not infrequently to make nigh is equivalent to to make a proselyte, cf. Wetstein at the passage cited; (Schottgen, Horae etc. i., 761f; Valck. Schol. 1:363)); ἐγγύς σου τό ῤῆμα ἐστιν, near thee, i. e. at hand, already, as it were, in thy mind, Romans 10:8 from Deuteronomy 30:14 (cf. Buttmann, § 129, 11; Winer's Grammar, 465 (434)).
2. of Time; concerning things imminent and soon to come to pass: Matthew 24:32; Matthew 26:18; Mark 13:28; Luke 21:30, 31; John 2:13; John 6:4; John 7:2; John 11:55; Revelation 1:3; Revelation 22:10; of the near advent of persons: ὁ κύριος ἐγγύς, of Christ's return from heaven, Philippians 4:5 (in another sense, of God in Psalm 144:18 (); with the addition ἐπί θύραις, at the door, Matthew 24:33; Mark 13:29; ἐγγύς κατάρας, near to being cursed, Hebrews 6:8; ἀφανισμοῦ, soon to vanish, Hebrews 8:13.
Strong's Exhaustive Concordance
at hand, near, nigh, ready.
From a primary verb agcho (to squeeze or throttle; akin to the base of agkale); near (literally or figuratively, of place or time) -- from, at hand, near, nigh (at hand, unto), ready.
see GREEK agkale
```
Forms and Transliterations
έγγιστα
έγγιστά
εγγυς
εγγύς
ἐγγύς
ἐγγὺς
εγγύτατοί
εγγύτερον
```
engus engys engýs engỳs
Links
Interlinear Greek • Interlinear Hebrew • Strong's Numbers • Englishman's Greek Concordance • Englishman's Hebrew Concordance • Parallel Texts
84
σαν να
LIKE - AS IF - SIMILAR TO - POSSIBLY LIKE
σαν • (san) (+ accusative)
Preposition
like, as, as if
να ζήσει σαν βασιλιάς ―
to live like a king.
σαν φίλος ―
as a friend.
συμπεριφέρεται σαν μεγιστάνας ―
behave like a tycoon.
because, as, when
Σταμάτησε να μιλάει σαν να κατάλαβε το λάθος που έκανε.
He stopped talking when he realized the mistake he had made
85
εντός
WITHIN
εντός
Adjective
Within
εντός
Adverb
Herein
86
δῐέκ
OUT THROUGH
δῐέκ • (diék) (governs the genitive)
(Epic) out through
From διά (through) + ἐκ (out from)
87
δια-
ACROSS
Preposition
διά • (diá)
by, for, through
διά (diá, “by, for”)
```
Preposition
δῐᾰ́ • (diá) (governs the genitive and accusative)
(+ genitive)
(of a place)
in a line
through
in the midst of, between
along
at intervals of, at every
(time)
between
after
every (interval of time)
(causality)
through, by
(attested from 1st century B.C.E.) out of (materials from which something is made)
(+ accusative)
(of a place, poetic) through, among
(time) during
(causality)
thanks to, by aid of
because of
for the sake of
```
From *δισα (disa), from Proto-Indo-European *dwís (related to δίς (dís, “twice”) and δύο (dúo, “two”)).[1] Cognates include Latin dis- and Gothic 𐌳𐌹𐍃- (dis-).
Adverb
δῐᾰ́ • (diá)
throughout
Prefix
δῐᾰ- • (dia-)
through, right through, across, over
δια- (dia-) + βαίνω (baínō) → διαβαίνω (diabaínō, “step across, pass over”)
in different directions
δια- (dia-) + πέμπω (pémpō) → διαπέμπω (diapémpō, “send off in different directions, send to and fro”)
of separation: asunder, apart
δια- (dia-) + σκεδάννυμι (skedánnumi) → διασκεδάννυμι (diaskedánnumi, “scatter, disperse”)
at variance
δια- (dia-) + φωνέω (phōnéō) → διαφωνέω (diaphōnéō, “be dissonant, disagree”)
of mutual relation: one with another
δια- (dia-) + ἀγωνίζομαι (agōnízomai) → διαγωνίζομαι (diagōnízomai, “contend, struggle against”)
δια- (dia-) + ᾄδω (ā́idō) → διᾴδω (diā́idō, “contend in singing”)
of preeminence
δια- (dia-) + πρέπω (prépō) → διαπρέπω (diaprépō, “appear prominent, strike the eye”)
of completion: to the end, utterly, out
δια- (dia-) + μάχομαι (mákhomai) → διαμάχομαι (diamákhomai, “fight it out”)
to add strength: thoroughly, out and out
δια- (dia-) + γαληνίζω (galēnízō) → διαγαληνίζω (diagalēnízō, “make quite calm”)
of mixture: between, partly, somewhat
δια- (dia-) + λευκός (leukós) → διάλευκος (diáleukos, “somewhat white”)
88
για
FOR
Preposition
για • (gia)
(time, duration, takes accusative): for
για στάσου ― gia stásou ― wait a minute
Φυλακίστηκε για πέντε χρόνια. ― Fylakístike gia pénte chrónia. ― He was imprisoned for five years.
Synonym: δια (dia)
(cause, reason, takes accusative): for
Φυλακίστηκε για κλοπή. ― Fylakístike gia klopí. ― He was imprisoned for theft.
(use): for, by
Αυτός ο δρόμος δεν είναι για μηχανάκια. ― Aftós o drómos den eínai gia michanákia. ― This road is not for motorcycles.
(end, intention, destination, takes accusative or genitive): for
για σένα ― gia séna ― for you
πάω για ψώνια ― páo gia psónia ― go shopping
Το τρένο φεύγει για Θεσσαλονίκη. ― To tréno févgei gia Thessaloníki. ― The train leaves for Thessaloniki.
(about, takes accusative): about
Μου μίλησε για ότι συνέβη. ― Mou mílise gia óti synévi. ― He told me about what happened.
Inherited from Ancient Greek διά (diá, “during; because of”). Doublet of διά (diá).
89
γύρω
AROUND
```
Adverb
γύρω • (gýro)
around, close by (in the locality of)
around, approximately
γύρω στα 2 κιλά ― gýro sta 2 kilá ― about 2 kilos
around
Η γη γυρίζει γύρω από τον ήλιο.
I gi gyrízei gýro apó ton ílio.
The Earth goes around the Sun.
```
γύρος m (gýros, “perimeter, doner kebab, tour”)
γύρω σε (gýro se, “around, about”) (surrounded by)
γύρω από (gýro apó, “around, about”) (surrounded by)
90
ἀπό
OUT FROM AWAY
```
Etymology
From Ancient Greek ἀπό (apó, “from”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂epó (“off, away”).
Preposition[edit]
από • (apó) (+ accusative +, Genitive)
(position): from
ξεκίνησε από το σπίτι
xekínise apó to spíti
started from home
(source, origin): from
είμαι από την Ελλάδα
eímai apó tin Elláda
I am from Greece
(time): from, at, by, since
θα είμαι εδώ από νωρίς
tha eímai edó apó norís
I'll be early
(literally, “I will be here from early”)
(cause): by, with, from
παρασύρθηκε από την οργή
parasýrthike apó tin orgí
he was carried away by anger
(measurement): from
από 25 ως 28 βαθμούς
apó 25 os 28 vathmoús
from 25 to 28 degrees
(state): from
έγινε από φιλόλογος προγραμματιστής
égine apó filólogos programmatistís
he changed from philologist into programmer
(arithmetic): out of, from
προσελήφθησαν οι τρεις από τους πέντε υποψηφίους
proselífthisan oi treis apó tous pénte ypopsifíous
three out of five applicants were taken on
10 από 35 κάνει 25
10 apó 35 kánei 25
10 from 35 gives 25
```
91
προς
TO — TOWARDS
Preposition
προς • (pros) (+ accusative)
(positional) towards, toward, to
Προχώρησε προς το σχολείο.
Prochórise pros to scholeío.
She walked to school
(temporal) towards
Προς το βράδυ το γάλα λιγοστεύει σε ποσότητα.
Pros to vrády to gála ligostévei se posótita.
Towards evening the quantity of milk diminishes.
```
Prefix
προσ- • (pros-)
toward
(means proximity)
(means agreement, similarity)
(means hostility)
(accentuates the meaning)
```
Etymology
Prefix version of the preposition πρός (prós, “towards”).
Prefix
προσ- • (pros-)
motion towards, accession to, or nearness to
Preposition
πρός • (prós) (governs the genitive, dative and accusative)
(of direction) forward to, toward
(with genitive) the side of, pertaining to
(with dative) by the side of, near to
(with accusative) the place, time, occasion, or respect, which is the destination of the relation, or whither or for which it is predicated: about, according to, against, among, at, because of, before, between, ([where-]) by, for, at someone's house, in, for intent, nigh unto, of, which pertain to, that, to (the end that), together, to ([you]) -ward, unto, with (-in)
From Proto-Indo-European *próti, *préti. Cognates include Sanskrit प्रति (práti), Latin pretium, and Old Church Slavonic противъ (protivŭ). May be related to πρό (pró, “before”).
Equivalent prepositions in use for πρός (prós) from another root are ποτί (potí) – Epic, Doric, ποί (poí) – Doric, πός (pós) – Arcadocypriot.
κατ' αντιδιαστολή προς (kat' antidiastolí pros, “as opposed to”)
92
εἰσ-
IN — INTO
Prefix
εἰσ- • (eis-)
into
εἰσ- (eis-) + ἔρχομαι (érkhomai, “to go”) → εἰσέρχομαι (eisérkhomai, “to enter”)
Prefixal form of εἰς (eis, “into”).
From Proto-Hellenic *en-s (compare the Ionic form ἐνς (ens), later ἐς (es)), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁én (“in”), from which also ἐν (en, “in, at, on”). Possibly was created to contrast with ἐν (en) as the result of analogy with the pair ἐκ (ek) / ἐξ (ex), of which the latter is the older form (see *h₁éǵʰs); the -/s/ in ἐξ (ex) is ultimately from the PIE genitive–ablative marker *-(e)s.
93
πλησίον
NEAR
πλησίον
near
Prep
```
πλησίον
Part of Speech: Adverb
Transliteration: plésion
Phonetic Spelling: (play-see'-on)
Definition: near, neighboring
Usage: near, nearby, a neighbor.
NAS Exhaustive Concordance
Word Origin
adverb from plésios; from pelas (near)
```
Adverb
πλησίον • (plēsíon)
nearby
Adjective
πλησίος • (plēsíos) m (feminine πλησίᾱ, neuter πλησίον); first/second declension
near, neighboring
From Proto-Indo-European *pelh₂- (“to approach”).
```
Verb
πλησιᾰ́ζω • (plēsiázō)
(transitive) bring near
(in the passive) approach
(intransitive) be near, associate with
```
Verb
πλησιάζω • (plisiázo) (past πλησίασα, passive πλησιάζομαι)
(transitive) approach, bring, move closer
(intransitive) approach (to bribe or persuade)
(intransitive) approach (for sexual purposes)
(the rare passive) πλησιάζομαι (plisiázomai): I am approached, contacted
```
Related terms
απλησίαστος (aplisíastos, “unapproachable”)
παραπλήσιος (paraplísios, “nearby”)
πλησίασμα n (plisíasma, “coming near”)
πλησιέστερος (plisiésteros, “nearest”)
```
Verb
πελάζω • (pelázō)
(intransitive) to approach
(transitive) to bring near
From πέλας (pélas, “nearby”) + -άζω (-ázō).
Adverb
πέλᾰς • (pélas)
Nearby, hard by, close by.
```
Proto-Indo-European
Etymology
Extension of *pel- (“to drive”).
Root
*pelh₂- (perfective)
to approach
```
Verb
πλῆτο • (plêto)
third-person singular aorist middle indicative of πίμπλημι (pímplēmi)
third-person singular aorist middle indicative of πελάζω (pelázō)
———————————————————-
Preposition
πλήν • (plḗn) (governs the genitive)
except, save, besides
Compare the meaning and history of English besides.
Cognate with πέλας (near by, close at hand)
πλησίος (near)
ἔμπλην (“near, close by”)
94
κοντά
κοντός
NEAR - (as in short) - POLE - STAFF
from Ancient Greek κοντάριον diminutive of κοντός (“spear”)
Suffix
-ᾰ́ρῐον • (-árion) n (genitive -ᾰρῐ́ου); second declension
A neuter diminutive suffix.
Adverb
κοντά • (kontá)
near, nearby
nearly
Adjective
κοντός • (kontós) m (feminine κοντή, neuter κοντόν); first/second declension (Koine)
short
Synonym: βρᾰχῠ́ς (brakhús)
```
Noun
κοντός • (kontós) m (genitive κοντοῦ); second declension
pole
pike
(medicine) (in plural): crutch
goad
```
Synonyms
βραχύς (vrachýs, “short, brief”)
βραχύσωμος (vrachýsomos, “with short body”)
```
Derived terms
κοντά (kontá, “near”, adverb)
κονταίνω (kontaíno, “shorten”)
κοντεύω (kontévo)
κοντινός (kontinós, “nearby, adjacent, close”)
κοντο- (konto-, “short-”) compounds
```
```
See also
απότομος (apótomos, “short conversationally”)
λιγοστός (ligostós, “short, scarce”)
μικρός (mikrós, “short in length”)
σύντομος (sýntomos, “short in time”)
Noun[edit]
κοντός • (kontós) m
(formal) pole
Synonym: κοντάρι (kontári)
```
άλμα επί κοντώ n (álma epí kontó, “pole vault”)
```
Noun
κοντάρι • (kontári) n (plural κοντάρια)
pole, spar
flagpole
Synonym: ιστός (istós)
(regarding the Middle Ages) spear, javelin, pikestaff
```
95
εγγύς
NEAR - PROXIMAL (close at hand)
from Proto-Indo-European *gew- (“hand”)
whence γυῖον (guîon, “hand”).
Thus meaning "at hand".
Adverb
εγγύς • (engýs)
near
Eγγύς Ανατολή ― Engýs Anatolí ― Near East
(anatomy) proximal (used as adjective)
εγγύς φάλαγγα ― engýs fálanga ― proximal phalange
```
Adverb
ἐγγῠ́ς • (engús)
near
(of place)
(of time)
(of numbers)
(of qualities)
(of relationships) akin
```
```
Noun
γυῖον • (guîon) n (genitive γυίου); second declension (Epic, poetic)
(plural only) limbs
hand
body
```
From Proto-Indo-European *gew- (“hand”).
Proper noun
Ἐρῐ́γυιος • (Eríguios) m (genitive Ἐρῐγυίου); second declension
A male given name: Erigyius, an officer of Alexander the Great's army
From ἐρι- (eri-, intensive prefix) + γυῖον (guîon, “limbs; hand”).
96
θεν
ἐνθάδε
HERE - IN THIS PLACE
From ἐν (in) + -θεν (place)
from ἐν and the syllable θεν, indicating the place
```
enthade: here, in this place
Original Word: ἐνθάδε
Part of Speech: Adverb
Transliteration: enthade
Phonetic Spelling: (en-thad'-eh)
Definition: prop. within, (of place) here, to here
Usage: here, in this place.
Thayer's Greek Lexicon
STRONGS NT 1759: ἐνθάδε
```
ἐνθάδε, adverb (from ἔνθα and the enclitic δέ; Krüger, § 9, 8, 1 and 2; (cf. Winers Grammar, 472 (440); Buttmann, 71 (62))) (from Homer down);
a. here: Luke 24:41; Acts 10:18; Acts 16:28; Acts 17:6; Acts 25:24.
b. hither: John 4:15; Acts 25:17.
STRONGS NT 1759a: ἔνθενἔνθεν, adverb (from ἐν and the syllable θεν, indicating the place whence), hence: Matthew 17:20 L T Tr WH; Luke 16:26 G L T Tr WH. (From Homer down.)
```
ἐν
Part of Speech: Preposition
Transliteration: en
Phonetic Spelling: (en)
Definition: in, on, at, by, with
Usage: in, on, among.
HELPS Word-studies
1722 en (a preposition) – properly, in (inside, within); (figuratively) "in the realm (sphere) of," as in the condition (state) in which something operates from the inside (within).
```
-θεν
Adverb
πάντοθεν • (pántothen)
πάντοθεν
from all quarters, from every side
πᾶς (pâs) + -θεν (-then)
Suffix
-θεν • (-then)
Added to nouns to form adverbs of place: from which: from; also used, like genitive, with prepositions
97
περαιτέρω
μακρύτερα
FURTHER - FURTHEST
Etymology
From Ancient Greek περαιτέρω (peraitérō).
```
Adverb
περαιτέρω • (peraitéro)
beyond that point
further
μη περαιτέρω ― mi peraitéro ― no further
```
Noun
περαιτέρω • (peraitéro) n pl
next steps, the rest
——————————————
Adverb
περαιτέρω
further, farther
ακόμη
yet, still, more, further
μακρύτερα
farther, further
μάλλον
rather, more, quite, most, nay, further
Adjective
απώτερος
ulterior, further, farther, remoter
Verb
προάγω
promote, further, advance, boom, forward, boost
—————————————————————-
μακρύτερα
longer
further away
Adjective clitic type
farther neutral
longer in the face , the accusative and vocative of plural
—————————————————————-
further (adv.)
Old English furðor, forðor "to a more advanced position, forward, onward, beyond, more distant; farther away; later, afterward; to a greater degree or extent, in addition; moreover," etymologically representing either "forth-er" or "fore-ther." The former would be from furðum (see forth) + comparative suffix *-eron-, *-uron- (compare inner, outer).
Alternative etymology (Watkins) traces it to Proto-Germanic *furthera-, from PIE *pr-tero- (source also of Greek proteros "former"), representing the root *per- (1) "forward" + comparative suffix also found in after, other. Senses of "in addition, to a greater extent" are later metaphoric developments.
It replaced or absorbed farrer, ferrer as comparative of far (itself a comparative but no longer felt as one). Farrer itself displaced Old English fierr in this job; farrer survived until 17c., then was reduced to dialect by rival farther. "The primary sense of further, farther is 'more forward, more onward'; but this sense is practically coincident with that of the comparative degree of far, where the latter word refers to real or attributed motion in some particular direction." [OED]
further (v.)
Old English fyrðran, fyrðrian "to impel, urge on; advance, promote, benefit;" see further (adv.). Compare Middle Low German vorderen, Old High German furdiran, German fördern, probably from their respective adjectives via the notion in phrases such as Old English don furðor "to promote." Related: Furthered; furthering. After the further/farther split, this sense also continued in a shadow verb farther (v.), attested from 16c. but apparently dying out 19c.
Related entries & more
further (adj.)
Old English furðra "further, greater, superior," probably a prehistoric derivative of further (adv.). Compare Old Frisian fordera, German vorder "that is before another." In early Middle English it also meant "earlier, former, previous;" a great-grandfather was a furþur ealdefader (12c.), and a previous wife was referred to legally as a forther wife.
Related entries & more
furtherance (n.)
mid-15c., "assistance, support," also "advantage, benefit; advancement, promotion," from further (v.) + -ance.
Related entries & more
furthest (adj., adv.)
late 14c., formed as superlatives to further (adj. and adv.).
98
Prefix List
LIST OF PREPOSITIONAL PREFIXES
Α
► Greek words prefixed with ά- (21 e)
► Greek words prefixed with α- (43 e)
► Greek words prefixed with αγι- (1 e)
► Greek words prefixed with αγιο- (10 e)
► Greek words prefixed with αγριό- (9 e)
► Greek words prefixed with αγριο- (19 e)
► Greek words prefixed with αεί- (1 e)
► Greek words prefixed with αει- (4 e)
► Greek words prefixed with αερ- (7 e)
► Greek words prefixed with αερό- (2 e)
► Greek words prefixed with αερο- (22 e)
► Greek words prefixed with αιγο- (2 e)
► Greek words prefixed with αιμο- (1 e)
► Greek words prefixed with ακριβο- (14 e)
► Greek words prefixed with ακρο- (2 e)
► Greek words prefixed with αλεξ- (2 e)
► Greek words prefixed with αλεξι- (5 e)
► Greek words prefixed with αλλαξ- (1 e)
► Greek words prefixed with αλλαξό- (1 e)
► Greek words prefixed with αλλαξο- (3 e)
► Greek words prefixed with αλληλ- (8 e)
► Greek words prefixed with αλληλο- (17 e)
► Greek words prefixed with αλογό- (1 e)
► Greek words prefixed with αμινο- (1 e)
► Greek words prefixed with αμφί- (1 e)
► Greek words prefixed with αμφι- (4 e)
► Greek words prefixed with αν- from α- privative (37 e)
► Greek words prefixed with αν- from ανα- (7 e)
► Greek words prefixed with αν- (2 c, 4 e)
► Greek words prefixed with ἀν- (1 e)
► Greek words prefixed with ανα- (79 e)
► Greek words prefixed with ανά- privative (1 e)
► Greek words prefixed with ανε- (1 e)
► Greek words prefixed with ανθ- (7 e)
► Greek words prefixed with ανθρωπο- (1 e)
► Greek words prefixed with ανισό- (10 e)
► Greek words prefixed with ανισο- (14 e)
► Greek words prefixed with αντ- (20 e)
► Greek words prefixed with αντί- (4 e)
► Greek words prefixed with αντι- (35 e)
► Greek words prefixed with αξι- (1 e)
► Greek words prefixed with αξιό- (1 e)
► Greek words prefixed with αξιο- (7 e)
► Greek words prefixed with απ- (10 e)
► Greek words prefixed with από- (6 e)
► Greek words prefixed with απο- (63 e)
► Greek words prefixed with αργο- (1 e)
► Greek words prefixed with αρχ- (1 e)
► Greek words prefixed with αρχι- (18 e)
► Greek words prefixed with ατμο- (1 e)
► Greek words prefixed with αυτο- (6 e)
► Greek words prefixed with αφ- (4 e)
Β
► Greek words prefixed with βαρύ- (1 e)
► Greek words prefixed with βιο- (1 e)
► Greek words prefixed with βραχυ- (2 e)
► Greek words prefixed with βρομό- (1 e)
► Greek words prefixed with βρομο- (1 e)
► Greek words prefixed with βροντo- (1 e)
► Greek words prefixed with βρωμο- (1 e)
Γ
► Greek words prefixed with γαιο- (1 e)
► Greek words prefixed with γαλακτο- (1 e)
► Greek words prefixed with γεροντο- (1 e)
► Greek words prefixed with γεω- (1 e)
► Greek words prefixed with γιγά- (1 e)
► Greek words prefixed with γιγα- (2 e)
► Greek words prefixed with γιδο- (1 e)
► Greek words prefixed with γιοττά- (1 e)
► Greek words prefixed with γκριζο- (1 e)
► Greek words prefixed with γλυκο- (1 e)
► Greek words prefixed with γλωσσο- (3 e)
► Greek words prefixed with γραμματό- (1 e)
► Greek words prefixed with γραμματο- (2 e)
► Greek words prefixed with γραφο- (1 e)
Δ
► Greek words prefixed with δημο- (11 e)
► Greek words prefixed with δι- (2 c, 12 e)
► Greek words prefixed with δι- (from δια-) (1 e)
► Greek words prefixed with δι- (δις) (1 e)
► Greek words prefixed with διά- (1 e)
► Greek words prefixed with δια- (29 e)
► Greek words prefixed with διαβολο- (1 e)
► Greek words prefixed with δυσ- (3 e)
Ε
► Greek words prefixed with εγ- (11 e)
► Greek words prefixed with εισ- (8 e)
► Greek words prefixed with εκ- (15 e)
► Greek words prefixed with εκατό- (1 e)
► Greek words prefixed with εμ- (4 e)
► Greek words prefixed with εν- (2 c, 16 e)
► Greek words prefixed with ενδο- (2 e)
► Greek words prefixed with εξ- (12 e)
► Greek words prefixed with εξά- (1 e)
► Greek words prefixed with επ- (12 e)
► Greek words prefixed with επαν- (2 e)
► Greek words prefixed with επανα- (2 e)
► Greek words prefixed with επι- (22 e)
► Greek words prefixed with εργο- (1 e)
► Greek words prefixed with εσώ- (1 e)
► Greek words prefixed with εσω- (1 e)
► Greek words prefixed with ετερο- (1 e)
► Greek words prefixed with ευ- (3 e)
► Greek words prefixed with εφ- (2 e)
Ζ
► Greek words prefixed with ζεττά- (1 e)
► Greek words prefixed with ζωο- (2 e)
Η
► Greek words prefixed with ηδύ- (1 e)
► Greek words prefixed with ηλεκτρ- (1 e)
► Greek words prefixed with ηλεκτρο- (2 e)
► Greek words prefixed with ηλιο- (1 e)
► Greek words prefixed with ημί- (4 e)
► Greek words prefixed with ημι- (8 e)
Θ
► Greek words prefixed with θεό- (2 e)
► Greek words prefixed with θεο- (4 e)
► Greek words prefixed with θερμο- (3 e)
Ι
► Greek words prefixed with ισό- (3 e)
► Greek words prefixed with ισο- (5 e)
► Greek words prefixed with ιστο- (1 e)
Κ
► Greek words prefixed with καθ- (8 e)
► Greek words prefixed with καινο- (1 e)
► Greek words prefixed with κακο- (2 e)
► Greek words prefixed with καλο- (3 e)
► Greek words prefixed with καρά- (2 e)
► Greek words prefixed with καρα- (2 e)
► Greek words prefixed with κατ- (5 e)
► Greek words prefixed with κατα- (32 e)
► Greek words prefixed with κιλο- (2 e)
► Greek words prefixed with κοκκινο- (1 e)
► Greek words prefixed with κοτο- (1 e)
► Greek words prefixed with κουτσο- (1 e)
► Greek words prefixed with κρεατό- (1 e)
► Greek words prefixed with κυκλο- (1 e)
► Greek words prefixed with κωλ- (1 e)
► Greek words prefixed with κωλό- (4 e)
► Greek words prefixed with κωλο- (8 e)
Λ
► Greek words prefixed with λεξι- (1 e)
► Greek words prefixed with λευκο- (2 e)
► Greek words prefixed with λογο- (2 e)
Μ
► Greek words prefixed with μακρο- (1 e)
► Greek words prefixed with μαυρο- (2 e)
► Greek words prefixed with μεγά- (1 e)
► Greek words prefixed with μεγα- (3 e)
► Greek words prefixed with μεγαλο- (2 e)
► Greek words prefixed with μεθ- (1 e)
► Greek words prefixed with μειονο- (1 e)
► Greek words prefixed with μελανο- (1 e)
► Greek words prefixed with μεσ- (1 e)
► Greek words prefixed with μετ- (1 e)
► Greek words prefixed with μετα- (9 e)
► Greek words prefixed with μητρ- (1 e)
► Greek words prefixed with μητρι- (1 e)
► Greek words prefixed with μισο- (1 c, 0 e)
► Greek words prefixed with μισο- (half) (1 e)
► Greek words prefixed with μονο- (3 e)
Ν
► Greek words prefixed with νανό- (1 e)
► Greek words prefixed with νανο- (1 e)
► Greek words prefixed with νεκρο- (13 e)
► Greek words prefixed with νεό- (1 e)
Ξ
► Greek words prefixed with ξ- (4 e)
► Greek words prefixed with ξανα- (7 e)
► Greek words prefixed with ξε- (24 e)
► Greek words prefixed with ξερο- (1 e)
► Greek words prefixed with ξυλο- (1 e)
Ο
► Greek words prefixed with ό- (1 e)
► Greek words prefixed with ο- (1 e)
► Greek words prefixed with οδοντ- (1 e)
► Greek words prefixed with οδοντό- (3 e)
► Greek words prefixed with οδοντο- (2 e)
► Greek words prefixed with όλ- (1 e)
► Greek words prefixed with ολό- (3 e)
► Greek words prefixed with ολο- (1 e)
► Greek words prefixed with ομό- (1 e)
► Greek words prefixed with ομο- (6 e)
► Greek words prefixed with ορθό- (2 e)
► Greek words prefixed with ορθο- (1 e)
► Greek words prefixed with ορνιθ- (1 e)
Π
► Greek words prefixed with παιδό- (1 e)
► Greek words prefixed with παιδο- (3 e)
► Greek words prefixed with παλ- (1 e)
► Greek words prefixed with παλιό- (2 e)
► Greek words prefixed with παλιο- (1 e)
► Greek words prefixed with παμ- (2 e)
► Greek words prefixed with παν- (1 c, 6 e)
► Greek words prefixed with παρ- (9 e)
► Greek words prefixed with παρά- (3 e)
► Greek words prefixed with παρα- (29 e)
► Greek words prefixed with πατρο- (1 e)
► Greek words prefixed with πέζο- (1 e)
► Greek words prefixed with πεζό- (1 e)
► Greek words prefixed with πεζο- (4 e)
► Greek words prefixed with πεντα- (1 e)
► Greek words prefixed with περι- (14 e)
► Greek words prefixed with πετά- (1 e)
► Greek words prefixed with πετρο- (3 e)
► Greek words prefixed with πικρο- (1 e)
► Greek words prefixed with πλειο- (1 e)
► Greek words prefixed with πλειονο- (1 e)
► Greek words prefixed with ποδο- (2 e)
► Greek words prefixed with πολυ- (3 e)
► Greek words prefixed with πρό- (1 e)
► Greek words prefixed with προ- (28 e)
► Greek words prefixed with προσ- (16 e)
► Greek words prefixed with πρωτ- (4 e)
► Greek words prefixed with πρωτό- (4 e)
Π
► Greek words prefixed with πρωτο- (8 e)
► Greek words prefixed with πυρο- (2 e)
Ρ
► Greek words prefixed with ρακο- (1 e)
► Greek words prefixed with ροδο- (1 e)
Σ
► Greek words prefixed with σκατό- (3 e)
► Greek words prefixed with σκατο- (1 e)
► Greek words prefixed with σκυλό- (1 e)
► Greek words prefixed with σκυλο- (1 e)
► Greek words prefixed with σταυρο- (1 e)
► Greek words prefixed with συ- (8 e)
► Greek words prefixed with συγ- (40 e)
► Greek words prefixed with συλ- (6 e)
► Greek words prefixed with συμ- (38 e)
► Greek words prefixed with συν- (29 e)
► Greek words prefixed with συρ- (2 e)
► Greek words prefixed with σώ- (2 e)
Τ
► Greek words prefixed with ταχύ- (1 e)
► Greek words prefixed with ταχυ- (6 e)
► Greek words prefixed with τερα- (1 e)
► Greek words prefixed with τεταρτο- (1 e)
► Greek words prefixed with τηλε- (7 e)
► Greek words prefixed with τουρκο- (2 e)
► Greek words prefixed with τρι- (1 e)
► Greek words prefixed with τρισ- (1 e)
Υ
► Greek words prefixed with υδρ- (2 e)
► Greek words prefixed with υδρό- (2 e)
► Greek words prefixed with υδρο- (4 e)
► Greek words prefixed with υπ- (3 e)
► Greek words prefixed with υπερ- (7 e)
► Greek words prefixed with υπο- (19 e)
► Greek words prefixed with υστερό- (1 e)
► Greek words prefixed with υστερο- (1 e)
Φ
► Greek words prefixed with φωτο- (6 e)
Χ
► Greek words prefixed with χαλκο- (1 e)
► Greek words prefixed with χαρτο- (1 e)
► Greek words prefixed with χειρό- (2 e)
► Greek words prefixed with χειρο- (3 e)
► Greek words prefixed with χιλιό- (3 e)
► Greek words prefixed with χιλιοστό- (2 e)
► Greek words prefixed with χοντρο- (1 e)
► Greek words prefixed with χρονο- (1 e)
► Greek words prefixed with χρυσό- (2 e)
► Greek words prefixed with χρυσο- (2 e)
Ψ
► Greek words prefixed with ψευδο- (4 e)
► Greek words prefixed with ψυχο- (2 e)
99
πλησίον
NEAR - NEARBY - NEIGHBORING
πλησίον
near
Prep
```
πλησίον
Part of Speech: Adverb
Transliteration: plésion
Phonetic Spelling: (play-see'-on)
Definition: near, neighboring
Usage: near, nearby, a neighbor.
NAS Exhaustive Concordance
Word Origin
adverb from plésios; from pelas (near)
```
Neuter of a derivative of pelas (near); (adverbially) close by; as noun, a neighbor, i.e. Fellow (as man, countryman, Christian or friend) -- near, neighbour.
Adverb
πλησίον • (plisíon)
near, nearby
———————————————————
Adverb
κοντά • (kontá)
near, nearby
nearly
From Byzantine Greek κοντά (kontá), from κοντός (kontós)
from Koine Greek
from Ancient Greek κοντός (kontós, “short”).
Antonyms
μακριά (makriá, “far”)
```
Adverb
μακριά • (makriá)
far
afar
away
```
100
μακριά
FAR
```
Adverb
μακριά • (makriá)
far
afar
away
```
Adjective
μακρύς • (makrýs) m (feminine μακριά, neuter μακρύ)
long
```
Adjective
μᾰκρός • (makrós) m (feminine μᾰκρᾱ́, neuter μᾰκρόν); first/second declension
long
tall, deep
far, distant
(time) long
(grammar, of vowels) long
```
From Proto-Indo-European *mh₂ḱrós, from *meh₂ḱ- (“to increase”). Synchronically analysable as μῆκος (mêkos) + -ρός (-rós). Cognates include Latin macer and Old English mæger.
μῆκος (mêkos, “length”)
```
Derived terms
μᾰκραίων (makraíōn)
μᾰκρᾱ́ν (makrā́n)
μᾰκραύχην (makraúkhēn)
μᾰκρηγορέω (makrēgoréō)
μᾰκρηγορίᾱ (makrēgoríā)
μᾰκρόβιος (makróbios)
μᾰκροβιότης (makrobiótēs)
μᾰκρογόγγυλος (makrogóngulos)
μάκροθεν (mákrothen)
μᾰκροθῡμέω (makrothūméō)
μᾰκροθῡμίᾱ (makrothūmíā)
μᾰκρόθῡμος (makróthūmos)
μᾰκροκέφαλος (makroképhalos)
μᾰκρολογέω (makrologéō)
μᾰκρολογίᾱ (makrologíā)
μᾰκρολόγος (makrológos)
μᾰκρόουρος (makróouros)
μᾰκροτέρως (makrotérōs)
μᾰκρότης (makrótēs)
μᾰκρότονος (makrótonos)
μᾰκροτράχηλος (makrotrákhēlos)
μᾰκρύνω (makrúnō)
μάκρων (mákrōn)
ὑπόμᾰκρος (hupómakros)
```
Adverb
μᾰκρᾱ́ν • (makrā́n) (comparative μᾰκροτέρᾱν, superlative μᾰκροτᾰ́την)
(distance) far
(time) long, for a long time
Noun
μᾰκροθῡμῐ́ᾱ • (makrothūmíā) f (genitive μᾰκροθῡμῐ́ᾱς); first declension
long-suffering, patience
forbearance
From μᾰκρόθῡμος (makróthūmos, “long-suffering, patient”) + -ῐ́ᾱ (-íā), from μᾰκρός (makrós, “long”) + θῡμός (thūmós, “soul; temper, passion”)
Noun
μακροθυμία • (makrothymía) f (uncountable)
forbearance
Adjective
μᾰκρόουρος • (makróouros) m or f (neuter μᾰκρόουρον); second declension
(Koine) long-tailed
μᾰκρός (makrós, “large”, “long”) + οὐρᾱ́ (ourā́, “tail”) + -ος (-os, suffix forming adjectives)
Noun
οὐρᾱ́ • (ourā́) f (genitive οὐρᾶς); first declension
the tail, of a lion, dog etc.
(of an army marching) the rear-guard, rear
Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ers- [or Proto-Indo-European *h₃érsos (“backside, buttocks”)]. Related to ὄρρος (órrhos).
Noun
ὄρρος • (órrhos) m (genitive ὄρρου); second declension
(vulgar) butt, ass
From Proto-Indo-European *h₁orsos. Cognates include Old Armenian ոռ (oṙ), Old Irish err, Old English ærs (English arse, ass), and perhaps Hittite 𒅈𒊏𒀸 (arraš) and Albanian rrëzë (“border, edge, corner”).
Proto-Indo-European
Root
*h₁ers-
to flow
101
παρά
PARA-
Preposition
πᾰρᾰ́ • (pará) (governs the genitive, dative and accusative)
(+ genitive)
from
because of
(+ dative)
at, beside, by, near
μένειν παρά τισί ― ménein pará tisí ― to stay at someone's house/home
(+ accusative)
contrary to
beside, by, near (w/ verbs of coming or going; w/ verbs of past motion; w/ verbs of striking or wounding)
παρ’ ἔμ’ ἵστασο ― par’ ém’ hístaso ― stand by/beside me
Preposition
παρά • (pará) (+ accusative)
despite, in spite of
Prefix
παρα- • (para-)
expressing: proximity, position or movement
expressing: opposition, contravention, difference
expressing: substitution
expressing: excessive, extra
πᾰ́ρ (pár) – Epic, Lyric
πᾰρ’ (par’) – apocopic
πᾰ́ρᾰ (pára)
πᾰραί (paraí) – Epic, Poetic
————————————————————
παρά
Part of Speech: Preposition
Transliteration: para
Phonetic Spelling: (par-ah')
Definition: from beside, by the side of, by, beside
Usage: gen: from; dat: beside, in the presence of; acc: alongside of.
HELPS Word-studies
3844 pará (a preposition) – properly, close beside. 3844 /pará ("from closely alongside") introduces someone (something) as very "close beside."
3844 (pará) an emphatic "from," means "from close beside" ("alongside"). It stresses nearness (closeness) which is often not conveyed in translation. 3844 (pará) is typically theologically significant, even when used as a prefix (i.e. in composition). 3844 (pará) usually adds the overtone, "from close beside" (implying intimate participation) and can be followed by the genitive, dative, or accusative case – each one conveying a distinct nuance.
102
περί
PERI-
```
Preposition
περῐ́ • (perí) (governs the genitive, dative and accusative)
(+ genitive)
about, concerning, because of
(+ dative)
around, for, about
(+ accusative)
around (both in the circular sense and close proximity sense), near, about
```
πέρι (péri) – initial-stressed form
περ᾽ (per᾽) – apocope: elision
περ (per) – Thessalian, Delphic
παρ (par) – Elean
Preposition
περί • (perí)
(mathematics) about, approximately
περί τις πεντακόσιες δραχμές (about five hundred drachmas)
about, concerning
Δεν ήξερα περί τίνος πρόκειται. (I didn't know what it was about.)
(approximately) : περίπου (perípou)
(concerning) : για (gia)
```
Prefix
peri-
around or surrounding
peri- + meter → perimeter
near
peri- + natal → perinatal
peri- + helion → perihelion
```
——————————————————
peri: about, concerning, around (denotes place, cause or subject)
Original Word: περί
Part of Speech: Preposition
Transliteration: peri
Phonetic Spelling: (per-ee')
Definition: about, concerning, around (denotes place, cause or subject)
Usage: (a) gen: about, concerning, (b) acc: around.
HELPS Word-studies
4012 perí (a preposition) – properly, all-around (on every side); encompassing, used of full (comprehensive) consideration where "all the bases are covered" (inclusively). 4012 (perí) is often translated "concerning" ("all about").
[4012 /perí is the root of the English term, "perimeter."]
```
Preposition
περῐ́ • (perí) (governs the genitive, dative and accusative)
(+ genitive)
about, concerning, because of
(+ dative)
around, for, about
(+ accusative)
around (both in the circular sense and close proximity sense), near, about
```
103
πᾶν
πάντα
πᾶς
PAN-
```
Adverb
πάντα • (pánta)
always
για πάντα ― gia pánta ― for ever
μια για πάντα ― mia gia pánta ― once and for all
```
From Ancient Greek πᾶν (pân, “whole”) neuter, nominative singular of πᾶς (pâs, “whole”)
Determiner
πᾶς • (pâs) (feminine πᾶσᾰ, neuter πᾶν)
(in the plural) all, every, each
(in the singular) whole
```
Determiner
πᾶν • (pân)
neuter nominative singular of πᾶς (pâs)
neuter accusative singular of πᾶς (pâs)
neuter vocative singular of πᾶς (pâs)
```
Greek: παν n (pan, “everything, Universe”)
English: pan-, pant-, panto-, panta-
πάν- (pán-)
παγ- (pag-)
παμ- (pam-)
Alternative forms
πᾰμ- (pam-) – before labials μ, π, β, φ, ψ
πᾰγ- (pag-) – before velars κ, γ, χ, ξ
Combining form
παν- • (pan-)
combining form of πᾶς (pâs, “all, every”)
Prefix
παν- • (pan-)
(with noun) pan- (everything, everyone: including all members of a group or set)
παν- (pan-) + Ευρώπη (Evrópi, “Europe”) → πανευρωπαϊκός (panevropaïkós, “Pan-European”)
παν- (pan-) + θεός (theós, “god”) → πάνθεο (pántheo, “pantheon”)
(with adjective) enhances the adjective
παν- (pan-) + αρχαίος (archaíos, “old, ancient”) → πανάρχαιος (panárchaios, “very ancient”)
—————————————————-
pas: all, every
```
Original Word: πᾶς, πᾶσα, πᾶν
Part of Speech: Adjective
Transliteration: pas
Phonetic Spelling: (pas)
Definition: all, every
Usage: all, the whole, every kind of.
HELPS Word-studies
3956 pás – each, every; each "part(s) of a totality" (L & N, 1, 59.24).
```
3956 /pás ("each, every") means "all" in the sense of "each (every) part that applies." The emphasis of the total picture then is on "one piece at a time." 365 (ananeóō) then focuses on the part(s) making up the whole – viewing the whole in terms of the individual parts.
[When 3956 (pás) modifies a word with the definite article it has "extensive-intensive" force – and is straightforward intensive when the Greek definite article is lacking.]
```
πᾶν — 75 Occ.
πάντα — 265 Occ.
πάντας — 90 Occ.
πάντες — 177 Occ.
παντὶ — 60 Occ.
πάντων — 135 Occ.
Παντὸς — 34 Occ.
πᾶς — 96 Occ.
πᾶσα — 47 Occ.
Πᾶσαι — 16 Occ.
πάσαις — 7 Occ.
πᾶσαν — 57 Occ.
πάσας — 9 Occ.
πάσῃ — 45 Occ.
πάσης — 42 Occ.
πᾶσι — 7 Occ.
πᾶσιν — 81 Occ.
πασῶν — 5 Occ.
```
```
ἅπᾱς (hápās)
δῐᾰ̀ πᾰντός (dià pantós)
πᾰντᾰ́πᾱσῐ (pantápāsi)
πᾰντᾰχῆ (pantakhê)
πᾰντᾰχόθεν (pantakhóthen)
πᾰντᾰχόθῐ (pantakhóthi)
πᾰντᾰχοῖ (pantakhoî)
πᾰντᾰχόσε (pantakhóse)
πᾰντᾰχοῦ (pantakhoû)
πᾰντᾰχῶς (pantakhôs)
πᾰντέλειᾰ (pantéleia)
πᾰντελής (pantelḗs)
πᾰντευχῐ́ᾱ (panteukhíā)
πᾰ́ντῑμος (pántīmos)
πᾰντλήμων (pantlḗmōn)
πᾰντοδᾰπός (pantodapós)
πᾰ́ντοθεν (pántothen)
πᾰντοιᾰ́ς (pantoiás)
πᾰντοῖος (pantoîos)
πᾰντοκρᾰ́τωρ (pantokrátōr)
πᾰ́ντολμος (pántolmos)
πᾰντοπωλέω (pantopōléō)
πᾰντοπώλης (pantopṓlēs)
πᾰντοπώλῐον (pantopṓlion)
πᾰ́ντοσε (pántose)
πᾰ́ντοτε (pántote)
πᾰ́ντως (pántōs)
πᾰ́ντῃ (pántēi)
πάνυ (pánu)
πᾰράπαν (parápan)
πρόπᾱς (própās)
σῠ́μπᾱς (súmpās)
συνάπᾱς (sunápās)
```
Determiner
ᾰ̔́πᾱς • (hápās) m (feminine ᾰ̔́πᾱσᾰ, neuter ᾰ̔́πᾰν); first/third declension
quite all, the whole (in the plural) all together
(with an adjective) all
(with an abstract substantive) all possible, absolute
(after Homer, in the singular) everyone, (neuter) everything
From ἁ- (ha-, “together”) + πᾶς (pâs, “all”).
Adverb
πᾰντᾰχόθεν • (pantakhóthen)
from all sides, from all directions, on all sides
“πᾶς (pâs, “all”) + ? + -θεν (-from which)”
Suffix
-θεν • (-then)
Added to nouns to form adverbs of place from which: from; also used, like genitive, with prepositions
Adverb
παντᾰχοῦ • (pantakhoû)
everywhere
Adjective
πᾰ́ντῑμος • (pántīmos) m or f (neuter πᾰ́ντῑμον); second declension
all-honourable
From παν- (pan-, “all”) + τῑμή (tīmḗ, “honour, esteem”) + -ος (-os)
```
Adverb
πάντοθεν • (pántothen)
from all quarters, from every side
-θεν • (-then)
Added to nouns to form adverbs of place from which: from; also used, like genitive, with prepositions
```
Determiner
παντοῖος • (pantoîos) (feminine παντοίᾱ, neuter παντοῖον)
all kinds of, all sorts of
πᾶς (pâs) + οἷος (hoîos)
Determiner
οἷος • (hoîos) (feminine οἵᾱ, neuter οἷον)
relative adjective of quality such as; what sort, manner, kind of
Noun
παντοκράτωρ • (pantokrátōr) m (genitive παντοκράτορος); third declension, παντοκράτειρα f (pantokráteira)
One who is all-powerful, omnipotent
From παντο- (panto-), combining form of πᾶς (pâs, “all”) + the stem of κράτος (krátos, “power, strength”) + -τωρ (-tōr, “agent-noun suffix”).
Combining form
παντο- • (panto-)
combining form of πᾶς (pâs, “all, every”)
παντοπώλης • (pantopólis) m (plural παντοπώλες, feminine παντοπώλισσα)
grocer
Synonym
Noun
μπακάλης • (bakális) m (plural μπακάληδες, feminine μπακάλισσα or μπακάλαινα)
grocer
Adverb
πάντοσε • (pántose)
every way
in all directions
Adverb
πάντοτε • (pántote)
always
Etymology 1
From Ancient Greek πᾶν (pân, “whole”) neuter, nominative singular of πᾶς (pâs, “whole”)
Adverb
πάντα • (pánta)
always
για πάντα ― gia pánta ― for ever
μια για πάντα ― mia gia pánta ― once and for all
Adverb
πάντῃ • (pántēi)
everywhere, in every direction, on every side, all around
Synonym: πανταχῆ (pantakhê)
παντᾷ (pantâi) – Doric
παντεῖ (panteî) – Doric
πάντᾳ (pántāi) – Aeolic
```
Adverb
πᾰ́νῠ • (pánu)
altogether, completely, perfectly
(modifying adjective) very
(negated) not quite, not at all
(in answer to a question, often πάνυ γε) quite so, by all means
```
Adjective
πρόπᾱς • (própās) m (feminine πρόπᾱσᾰ, neuter πρόπᾰν); first/third declension
whole, entire
πρόπαν ἦμαρ ― própan êmar ― all day long
all together
νῆας προπᾱ́σᾱς ― nêas propā́sās ― all the ships together
Adjective
σῠ́μπᾱς • (súmpās) m (feminine σῠ́μπᾱσᾰ, neuter σῠ́μπᾰν); first/third declension
all together, all at once
(with singular mass nouns) the whole
Adjective
ξῠ́μπᾱς • (xúmpās) m (feminine ξῠ́μπᾱσᾰ, neuter ξῠ́μπᾰν); first/third declension
Old Attic form of σῠ́μπᾱς (súmpās)
104
μέσος
IN THE MIDDLE - BETWEEN - IN THE MIDST (adjective)
```
μέσος, η, ον
Part of Speech: Adjective
Transliteration: mesos
Phonetic Spelling: (mes'-os)
Definition: middle, in the midst
Usage: middle, in the middle, between, in the midst of.
```
```
μέσης — 2 Occ.
μέσῳ — 29 Occ.
μέσον — 16 Occ.
μέσος — 3 Occ.
μέσου — 9 Occ.
```
```
μέσος (mesos) — 3 Occurrences
Luke 22:55 Adj-NMS
GRK: ὁ Πέτρος μέσος αὐτῶν
NAS: Peter was sitting among them.
KJV: Peter sat down among them.
INT: Peter among them
```
John 1:26 Adj-NMS
GRK: ἐν ὕδατι μέσος ὑμῶν ἕστηκεν
NAS: in water, [but] among you stands
KJV: but there standeth one among you, whom
INT: with water but in [the] midst of you stands [one]
```
μέσης (mesēs) — 2 Occurrences
Matthew 25:6 Adj-GFS
GRK: μέσης δὲ νυκτὸς
NAS: But at midnight there was a shout,
KJV: And at midnight there was a cry made,
INT: at middle moreover of [the] night
```
Acts 26:13 Adj-GFS
GRK: ἡμέρας μέσης κατὰ τὴν
INT: day mid on the
μέσῳ (mesō) — 29 Occurrences
Matthew 10:16 Adj-DNS
GRK: πρόβατα ἐν μέσῳ λύκων γίνεσθε
NAS: you out as sheep in the midst of wolves;
KJV: sheep in the midst of wolves: be ye
INT: sheep in [the] midst of wolves be you
μέσον (meson) — 16 Occurrences
Matthew 13:25 Adj-ANS
GRK: ζιζάνια ἀνὰ μέσον τοῦ σίτου
INT: weeds in [the] midst of the wheat
μέσου (mesou) — 9 Occurrences
Matthew 13:49 Adj-GNS
GRK: πονηροὺς ἐκ μέσου τῶν δικαίων
NAS: out the wicked from among the righteous,
KJV: the wicked from among the just,
INT: evil from [the] midst of the righteous
Luke 4:30 Adj-GNS
GRK: διελθὼν διὰ μέσου αὐτῶν ἐπορεύετο
NAS: through their midst, He went His way.
KJV: through the midst of them
INT: having passed through [the] midst of them went away
John 8:59 Adj-GNS
GRK: διελθὼν διὰ μέσου αὐτῶν καὶ
KJV: going through the midst of them, and
INT: going through the midst of them and
```
Acts 17:33 Adj-GNS
GRK: ἐξῆλθεν ἐκ μέσου αὐτῶν
NAS: Paul went out of their midst.
KJV: departed from among them.
INT: went out from [the] midst of them
```
Acts 23:10 Adj-GNS
GRK: αὐτὸν ἐκ μέσου αὐτῶν ἄγειν
KJV: by force from among them, and
INT: him from midst of them to bring [him]
1 Corinthians 5:2 Adj-GNS
GRK: ἀρθῇ ἐκ μέσου ὑμῶν ὁ
NAS: deed would be removed from your midst.
KJV: might be taken away from among you.
INT: might be taken out of midst of you the [one]
