PHRASES Flashcards
χαίρετε
HELLO
γεια, χαίρομαι που σε γνώρισα
Hi, Pleased to meet you.
χαίρετε • (khaírete)
second-person plural active present indicative/imperative of χαίρω (khaírō)
(hello) : γεια σας (geia sas) (less formal polite plural)
(goodbye) : αντίο (antío), γεια σας (geia sas) (less formal polite plural)
This is the polite plural or plural form. The ancient singular χαῖρε (khaîre) is not used as a greeting, but only in stereotyped set phrases (see χαίρε).
χαίρε • (chaíre)
2nd person singular imperfective imperative form of χαίρω (chaíro).: (literally: “rejoice, be glad”)
(formal, archaic) be happy, be glad (used in set phrases)
χαίρε • (chaíre) n (indeclinable)
the last farewell (of an obituary speech) in expression:
το ύστατο χαίρε (to ýstato chaíre)
Χαίρε Μαρία (Chaíre María, “Hail Mary, Ave Maria”)
χαίρε Καίσαρ (chaíre Kaísar, “Hail Caesar”)
χαίρε Κεχαριτωμένη (chaíre Kecharitoméni, “Hail (Mary) full of grace”)
χαίρε βάθος αμέτρητον (chaíre váthos amétriton, “literally: hail uncountable, unfathomable depth”) (of vague and confusing situations)
Πώς σε λένε
WHAT’S YOUR NAME
Πώς σε λένε
Pós se léne?
What is your name?
(literally, “What do they call you?”)
που σε λένε
What you they say?
What do they call you?
From Ancient Greek σέ (sé, “you”, pronoun).
λένε • (léne)
3rd person plural present form of λέω (léo).: “they say”
Alternative forms
λεν (len)
λέγουν (légoun)
λέγουνε (légoune)
Adverb
πώς • (pós)
(interrogative) how (in what way or manner; in what state; to what extent)
Πώς είστε;
Pós eíste?
How are you?
Πώς τολμάς να μου μιλάς έτσι;
Pós tolmás na mou milás étsi?
How dare you speak to me like that?
Πώς μπορώ να ετοιμαστώ για τις εξετάσεις;
Pós boró na etoimastó gia tis exetáseis?
How can I prepare for exams?
Adverb
πως • (pōs) (indefinite adverb)
In any way, at all, by any means
In a certain way
Conjunction πως • (pos) that (introducing a clause) Νόμιζα πως είχες φύγει ήδη. Nómiza pos eíches fýgei ídi. I thought (that) you'd already left. Επιμένει πως δε συμβαίνει τίποτα. Epiménei pos de symvaínei típota. He insists that nothing's going on.
Adverb
πῶς • (pôs)
how?, in what way?
γν γάρ ποτε χρόνο
μια φορά κι έναν καιρό
ONCE UPON A TIME
ἄγω καὶ φέρω
I DESTROY - I PLUNDER
LEAD AND FETCH - LEAD AND CARRY - WANDER - LOST
ἄγω καὶ φέρω
I destroy, I plunder
Notes
the verb ago is attributed on animate while the verb bring on inanimate.
from this phrase in modern Greek it is commonly said to be led and carried for those who are driven or wandering aimlessly as interpreters of situations.
το είδες αυτό
DID YOU SEE THAT…?
το είδες αυτό
Did you see that?
το είδες αυτό το βίντεο
Did you see that video?
το είδες να έρχεται
Did you see that coming ?
ξέρω
το ήξερες
DID YOU KNOW…
ξέρατε ότι
Did you know that?
Το ήξερες αυτό
Did you know this?
τον ήξερες
Did you know him?
ήξερες γιατί το έκανε αυτό;
Did you know why he did that?
ξερεις γιατι το εκανε αυτο;
Do you know why he did that?
ξέρεις τι να κάνεις?
Do you know what to do?
ξερεις γιατι ειναι αυτο?
Do you know what that is for?
ξέρεις • (xéreis)
2nd person singular present form of ξέρω (xéro).
θα ξέρεις: 2nd person singular imperfective future form of ξέρω (xéro).
να ξέρεις: 2nd person singular present subjunctive form of ξέρω (xéro).
να ξέρεις: 2nd person singular perfective future subjunctive form of ξέρω (xéro).
Verb
ξέρω • (xéro) (imperfect ήξερα) found only in the imperfective tenses
(most senses) know of, be familiar with (a fact, a person or a language)
Το ήξερα ότι ήταν γιατρός. ―
To íxera óti ítan giatrós. ―
I knew he was a doctor.
Τους άλλους φίλους του δεν τους ξέρω. ―
Tous állous fílous tou den tous xéro. ―
I don’t know his other friends.
Ξέρεις καθόλου Γερμανικά; ―
Xéreis kathólou Germaniká? ―
Do you know any German?
(transitive, with για (gia)) know someone as, know someone to be
Εγώ, τουλάχιστον, την ξέρω για άνθρωπο πολύ χαλαρό.
Egó, touláchiston, tin xéro gia ánthropo polý chalaró.
I, at least, know her as a very calm person.
Synonyms
(know a fact or person): γνωρίζω (gnorízo)
(know a fact): μαθαίνω (mathaíno, “to learn”)
(know a fact): πληροφορούμαι (pliroforoúmai, “to be informed”)
(know a language): κατέχω (katécho, “to master, to hold”)
(know a language): μιλώ (miló, “to speak”)
Derived terms[edit]
ξέρω ’γω; (xéro ’go?, “I’ve no idea”, literally “do I know?”)
Noun
ξερόλας • (xerólas) m (plural ξερόλες, feminine ξερόλα)
(colloquial, derogatory) know-it-all, know-all, clever dick, smart ass, smarty pants (someone who pretends to know everything or has an opinion to offer on all subjects)
Φυσικά, ο άνδρας της, ο ξερόλας, μας είπε πώς να κάνουμε τη δουλειά σωστά.
Fysiká, o ándras tis, o xerólas, mas eípe pós na kánoume ti douleiá sostá.
Of course, her husband, the know-it-all, told us how to do the job properly.
ξέρω (xéro, “to know”) + όλα (óla, “everything, all”) + -ας (-as, “-er”).
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ξέρω • (xéro) (imperfect ήξερα) found only in the imperfective tenses
(most senses) know of, be familiar with (a fact, a person or a language)
Το ήξερα ότι ήταν γιατρός. ― To íxera óti ítan giatrós. ― I knew he was a doctor.
Τους άλλους φίλους του δεν τους ξέρω. ― Tous állous fílous tou den tous xéro. ― I don’t know his other friends.
Ξέρεις καθόλου Γερμανικά; ― Xéreis kathólou Germaniká? ― Do you know any German?
(transitive, with για (gia)) know someone as, know someone to be
Εγώ, τουλάχιστον, την ξέρω για άνθρωπο πολύ χαλαρό.
Egó, touláchiston, tin xéro gia ánthropo polý chalaró.
I, at least, know her as a very calm person.
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SUFFIX
Suffix[edit]
-ᾱς • (-ās)
The nominative singular ending of masculine first-declension nouns in most dialects. Replaced by -ης (-ēs) in all cases in Ionic, and in most cases in Attic.
The genitive singular ending of feminine first-declension nouns and adjectives in many dialects. Replaced by -ης (-ēs) in all cases in Ionic, and in most cases in Attic.
The accusative plural ending of all first-declension nouns and adjectives in many dialects. -ᾰς (-as) or -ᾰνς (-ans), -αις (-ais), and -αιρ (-air) are used by dialects attested from inscriptions.
Etymology 2
Pronunciation
Suffix
-ᾰς • (-as)
The accusative plural ending of most third-declension nouns and many third-declension adjectives. -ᾰνς (-ans) is also used in the Cretan dialect.
The accusative plural ending of first-declension nouns and adjectives in various dialects attested in inscriptions: see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension § First declension.
Etymology 3
Metanalysis of *-sants, a combination of the typical suffix of the first aorist active stem *-sa and *-nts (from Proto-Indo-European *-onts). Several other participial formations also descend from a form in *-nts: the present active -ων (-ōn), the second aorist active in -ών (-ṓn), the contracted present active and contracted future active in -ῶν (-ôn), the aorist passive in -είς (-eís), and several present active and aorist active athematic forms like ἱστᾱ́ς (histā́s) and στᾱ́ς (stā́s).
Suffix
-ας • (-as) m (feminine -ᾱσᾰ, neuter -ᾰν); first/third declension
first aorist active participle ending
δειξ- (deix-, first aorist stem of δείκνῡμι (deíknūmi)) + -ας (-as) → δείξᾱς (deíxās)
λῡσ- (lūs-, first aorist stem of λῡ́ω (lū́ō)) + -ας (-as) → λῡ́σᾱς (lū́sās)
μειν- (mein-, first aorist stem of μένω (ménō)) + -ας (-as) → μείνᾱς (meínās)
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παντογνώστης • (pantognóstis) m (plural παντογνώστες, feminine παντογνώστρια)
a person who is all-knowing, omniscient
Adjective
πάνσοφος • (pánsofos) m (feminine πάνσοφη, neuter πάνσοφο)
omniscient, all-knowing, pansophic
very learned or wise
πάνσοφα (pánsofa, “most wisely, omnisciently”, adverb)
πανσοφία f (pansofía, “omniscience”)
πανσόφως (pansófos, “most wisely, omnisciently”, adverb) (formal)
σοφός • (sofós) m (plural σοφοί)
a wise man, a sage
