INTERROGATIVES - Greek Flashcards
ὅς
WHO - WHICH ONE
Original Word: ὅς, ἥ, ὅ Part of Speech: Relative Pronoun Transliteration: hos, hé, ho Phonetic Spelling: (hos) Short Definition: who, which, what, that Definition: who, which, what, that.
Strong's Concordance hos, hé, ho: usually rel. who, which, that, also demonstrative this, that Original Word: ὅς, ἥ, ὅ Part of Speech: Relative Pronoun Transliteration: hos, hé, ho Phonetic Spelling: (hos) Short Definition: who, which, what, that Definition: who, which, what, that. NAS Exhaustive Concordance Word Origin a prim. pronoun Definition usually rel. who, which, that, also demonstrative this, that NASB Translation another* (8), any (1), because* (7), deeds* (1), just (1), just* (1), once* (1), one (11), one* (6), other (2), others* (2), same (2), since* (3), so (1), some (7), some* (8), someone (1), such (1), there (1), these (6), these things (3), thing (1), things (4), third (1), this (22), this is what (1), those whom (1), until* (1), what (101), what* (2), whatever (5), whatever* (28), when (9), when* (3), where (1), where* (2), which (404), while* (3), who (158), whoever (4), whoever* (51), whom (218), whomever* (6), whose (38), why* (3).
Thayer’s Greek Lexicon
STRONGS NT 3739: ὅς
ὅς, ἡ, ὁ, the postpositive article, which has the force of:
I. a demonstrative pronoun, this, that (Latinhic,haec,hoc; German emphaticder,die,das); in the N. T. only in the following instances: ὅς δέ, but he (German eraber), John 5:11 L Tr WH; (Mark 15:23 T Tr text WH; cf. Buttmann, § 126, 2); in distributions and distinctions: ὅς μέν … ὅς δέ, this … that, one … another, the one … the other, Matthew 21:35; Matthew 22:5 L T Tr WH; ; Luke 23:33; Acts 27:44; Romans 14:5; 1 Corinthians 7:7 R G; ; 2 Corinthians 2:16; Jude 1:22; ὁ μέν … ὁ δέ, the one … the other, Romans 9:21; (ὁ μέν … ὁ δέ … ὁ δέ, some … some … some, Matthew 13:23 L T WH); ὁ δέ … ὁ δέ … ὁ δέ, some … some … some, Matthew 13:8; ᾧ (masculine) μέν … ἄλλῳ (δέ) … ἑτέρῳ δέ (but L T Tr WH omit this δέ) κτλ., 1 Corinthians 12:8-10 ὁ μέν … ἄλλο δέ (L text T Tr WH καί ἄλλο), Mark 4:4; with a variation of the construction also in the following passages: ὁ μέν … καί ἕτερον, Luke 8:5; οὕς μέν with the omission of οὕς δέ by anacoluthon, 1 Corinthians 12:28; ὅς μέν … ὁ δέ ἀσθενῶν etc. one man … but he that is weak etc. Romans 14:2. On this use of the pronoun, chiefly by later writers from Demosth. down, cf. Matthiae, § 289 Anm. 7; Kühner, § 518, 4 b. ii., p. 780; (Jelf, § 816, 3 b.); Alexander Buttmann (1873) Gram. § 126, 3; Buttmann, 101 (89); Winer’s Grammar, 105 (100); Fritzsche on Mark, p. 507.
II. a relative pronoun who, which, what;
- in the common construction, according to which the relative agrees as respects its gender with the noun or pronoun which is its antecedent, but as respects case is governed by its own verb, or by a substantive, or by a preposition: ὁ ἀστήρ ὅν εἶδον, Matthew 2:9; ὁ … Ἰουδαῖος οὗ ὁ ἔπαινος κτλ., Romans 2:29; οὗτος περί οὗ ἐγώ ἀκούω τοιαῦτα, Luke 9:9; ἀπό τῆς ἡμέρας, ἀφ’ ἧς, Acts 20:18; Θεός δἰ οὗ, ἐξ οὗ, 1 Corinthians 8:6, and numberless other examples it refers to a more remote noun in 1 Corinthians 1:8, where the antecedent of ὅς is not the nearest noun Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ, but τῷ Θεῷ in 4; yet cf. Winer’s Grammar, 157 (149); as in this passage, so very often elsewhere the relative is the subject of its own clause: ἀνήρ ὅς etc. James 1:12; πᾶς ὅς, Luke 14:33; οὐδείς ὅς, Mark 10:29; Luke 18:29, and many other examples
- in constructions peculiar in some respect;
a. the gender of the relative is sometimes made to conform to that of the following noun: τῆς αὐλῆς, ὁ ἐστι πραιτώριον, Mark 15:16; λαμπάδες, ἅ εἰσί (L ἐστιν) τά πνεύματα, Revelation 4:5 (L T WH); σπέρματι, ὅς ἐστι Χριστός, Galatians 3:16; add, Ephesians 1:14 (L WH text Tr marginal reading ὁ); ; 1 Timothy 3:15; Revelation 5:8 (T WH marginal reading ἅ); cf. Herm. ad Vig., p. 708; Matthiae, § 440, p. 989f; Winers Grammar, § 24, 3; Buttmann, § 143, 3.
b. in constructions ad sensum (cf. Buttmann, § 143, 4); α. the plural of the relative is used after collective nouns in the singular (cf. Winers Grammar, § 21, 3; Buttmann, as above): πλῆθος πολύ, οἱ ἦλθον, Luke 6:17; πᾶν τό πρεσβυτέριον, παῥ ὧν, Acts 22:5; γενεάς, ἐν οἷς, Philippians 2:15. β. κατά πᾶσαν πόλιν, ἐν αἷς, Acts 15:36; ταύτην δευτέραν ὑμῖν γράφω ἐπιστολήν, ἐν αἷς (because the preceding context conveys the idea of two Epistles), 2 Peter 3:1. γ. the gender of the relative is conformed not to the grammatical but to the natural gender its antecedent (cf. Winers Grammar, § 21, 2; Buttmann, as above): παιδάριον ὅς, John 6:9 L T Tr WH; θηρίον ὅς, of Nero, as antichrist, Revelation 13:14 L T Tr WH; κεφαλή ὅς, of Christ, Colossians 2:19; (add μυστήριον ὅς etc. 1 Timothy 3:16 G L T Tr WH; cf. Buttmann, as above; Winer’s Grammar, 588f (547)); σκεύη (of men) οὕς,Romans 9:24; ἔθνη οἱ, Acts 15:17; Acts 26:17; τέκνα, τεκνία οἱ, John 1:13; Galatians 4:19; 2 John 1:1 (Euripides, suppl. 12); τέκνον ὅς, Philemon 1:10.
c. In attractions (Buttmann, § 143, 8; Winer’s Grammar, §§ 24, 1; 66, 4ff); α. the accusative of the relative pronoun depending on a transitive, verb is changed by attraction into the oblique case of its antecedent: κτίσεως ἧς ἔκτισεν ὁ Θεός, Mark 13:19 (R G); τοῦ ῤήματος οὗ εἶπεν, Mark 14:72 (Rec.); add, John 4:14; John 7:31, 39 (but Tr marginal reading WH marginal reading ὁ); ; Acts 3:21, 25; Acts 7:17, 45; Acts 9:36; Acts 10:39; Acts 22:10; Romans 15:18; 1 Corinthians 6:19; 2 Corinthians 1:6; 2 Corinthians 10:8, 13; Ephesians 1:8; Titus 3:5(R G),; Hebrews 6:10; Hebrews 9:20; James 2:5; 1 John 3:24; Jude 1:15; for other examples see below; ἐν ἄρα ἡ οὐ γινώσκει, Matthew 24:50; τῇ παραδόσει ἡ παρεδώκατε, Mark 7:13; add, Luke 2:20; Luke 5:9; Luke 9:43; Luke 12:46; Luke 24:25; John 17:5; Acts 2:22; Acts 17:31; Acts 20:38; 2 Corinthians 12:21; 2 Thessalonians 1:4; Revelation 18:6; cf. Winers Grammar, § 24, 1; (Buttmann, as above). Rarely attraction occurs where the verb governs the dative (but see below): thus, κατέναντι οὗ ἐπίστευσε Θεοῦ for κατέναντι Θεοῦ, ᾧ ἐπίστευσε (see κατέναντι), Romans 4:17; φωνῆς, ἧς ἔκραξα (for ἡ (others, ἥν, cf. Winers Grammar, 164 (154f) Buttmann, 287 (247))), Acts 24:21, cf. Isaiah 6:4; (ἤγετο δέ καί τῶν ἑαυτοῦ τέ πιστῶν, οἷς ἠδετο καί ὧν ἠπιστει πολλούς, for καί πολλούς τούτων, οἷς ἠπιστει, Xenophon, Cyril 5, 4, 39; ὧν ἐγώ ἐντετύχηκα οὐδείς, for οὐδείς τούτων, οἷς ἐντετύχηκα, Plato, Gorgias, p. 509 a.; Protag., p. 361 e.; de rep. 7, p. 531 e.; παῥ ὧν βοηθεῖς, οὐδεμίαν ληψει χάριν, for παρά τούτων, οἷς κτλ., Aeschines f. leg., p. 43 (117); cf. Fritzsche, Ep. ad Romans, i., p. 237; (Buttmann, § 148, 11; Winer’s Grammar, 163f (154f); but others refuse to recognize this rare species of attraction in the N. T.; cf. Meyer on Ephesians 1:8)). The following expressions, however, can hardly be brought under this construction: τῆς χάριτος ἧς ἐχαρίτωσεν (as if for ἡ), Ephesians 1:6 L T Tr WH; τῆς κλήσεως, ἧς ἐκλήθητε, Ephesians 4:1; διά τῆς παρακλήσεως ἧς παρακαλούμεθα, 2 Corinthians 1:4, but must be explained agreeably to such phrases as χάριν χαριτουν, κλῆσιν καλεῖν, etc. ((i. e. accusative of kindred abstract substantive; cf. Winers Grammar, § 32, 2; Buttmann, § 131, 5)); cf. Winers Grammar, (and Buttmann, as above). β. The noun to which the relative refers is so conformed to the case of the relative clause that either αα. it is itself incorporated into the relative construction, but without the article (Buttmann, § 143, 7; Winer’s Grammar, § 24, 2 b.): ὅν ἐγώ ἀπεκεφάλισα Ἰωάννην, οὗτος ἠγέρθη, for Ἰωάννης, ὅν κτλ., Mark 6:16; add, Luke 24:1; Philemon 1:10; Romans 6:17; εἰς ἥν οἰκίαν, ἐκεῖ, equivalent to ἐν τῇ οἰκία, εἰς ἥν, Luke 9:4; or ββ. it is placed before the relative clause, either with or without the article (Winers Grammar, § 24, 2 a.; Buttmann, § 144, 13): τόν ἄρτον ὅν κλῶμεν, οὐχί κοινωνία τοῦ σώματος, 1 Corinthians 10:16; λίθον ὅν ἀπεδοκίμασαν οἱ οἰκοδομοῦντες, οὗτος ἐγενήθη (for ὁ λίθος, ὅς κτλ.), Matthew 21:42; Mark 12:10; Luke 20:17; 1 Peter 2:7. γ. Attraction in the phrases ἄχρι ἧς ἡμέρας for ἄχρι τῆς ἡμέρας, ἡ (Winer’s Grammar, § 24, 1 at the end): Matthew 24:38; Luke 1:20; Luke 17:27; Acts 1:2; ἀφ’ ἧς ἡμρας for ἀπό τῆς ἡμέρας, ἡ, Colossians 1:6, 9; ὅν τρόπον, as, just as, for τοῦτον τόν τρόπον ὅν or ᾧ Matthew 23:37; Luke 13:31; Acts 7:28; (preceded or) followed by οὕτως, Acts 1:11; 2 Timothy 3:8. δ. A noun common to both the principal clause and the relative is placed in the relative clause after the relative pronoun (Winer’s Grammar, 165 (156)): ἐν ᾧ κρίματι κρίνετε, κριθήσεσθε, for κριθήσεσθε ἐν τῷ κρίματι, ἐν ᾧ κρίνετε, Matthew 7:2; Matthew 24:44; Mark 4:24; Luke 12:40, etc. - The Neuter ὁ a. refers to nouns of the masculine and the feminine gender, and to plurals, when that which is denoted by these nouns is regarded as a thing (cf. Buttmann, § 129, 6): λεπτά δύο, ὁ ἐστι κοδράντης, Mark 12:42; ἀγάπην, ὁ ἐστι σύνδεσμος, Colossians 3:14 L T Tr WH; ἄρτους, ὁ etc. Matthew 12:4 L text T Tr WH.
b. is used in the phrases (Buttmann, as above] — ὁ ἐστιν, which (term) signifies: Βοανεργές ὁ ἐστιν υἱοί βροντῆς, Mark 3:17; add, ; Hebrews 7:2; ὁ ἐστι μεθερμηνευόμενον, and the like: Matthew 1:23; Mark 15:34; John 1:38 (), f (f); .
c. refers to a whole sentence (Buttmann, as above): τοῦτον ἀνέστησεν ὁ Θεός, οὗ … μάρτυρες, Acts 2:32; Acts 3:15; περί οὗ … ὁ λόγος, Hebrews 5:11; ὁ καί ἐποίησαν (and the like), Acts 11:30; Galatians 2:10; Colossians 1:29; ὁ (which thing viz. that I write a new commandment (cf. Buttmann, § 143, 3)) ἐστιν ἀληθές, 1 John 2:8; ὁ (namely, to have one’s lot assigned in the lake of fire) ἐστιν ὁ θάνατος ὁ δεύτερος, Revelation 21:8. - By an idiom to be met with from Homer down, in the second of two coordinate clauses a pronoun of the third person takes the place of the relative (cf. Passow 2, p. 552b; (Liddell and Scott, under the word B. IV. 1); Buttmann, § 143, 6; (Winer’s Grammar, 149 (141))): ὅς ἔσται ἐπί τοῦ δώματος καί τά σκεύη αὐτοῦ ἐν τῇ οἰκία μή καταβάτω, Luke 17:31; ἐξ οὗ τά πάντα καί ἡμεῖς εἰς αὐτόν, 1 Corinthians 8:6.
- Sometimes, by a usage especially Hebraistic, an oblique case of the pronoun αὐτός is introduced into the relative clause redundantly; as, ἧς τό θυγάτριον αὐτῆς, Mark 7:25; see αὐτός, II. 5.
- The relative pronoun very often so includes the demonstrative οὗτος or ἐκεῖνος that for the sake of perspicuity demons. pronoun must be in thought supplied, either in the clause preceding the relative clause or in that which follows it (Winers Grammar, § 23, 2; Buttmann, § 127, 5). The following examples may suffice:
a. a demons. pronoun must be added in thought in the preceding clause: οἷς ἡτοίμασται, for τούτοις δοθήσεται, οἷς ἡτοίμασται, Matthew 20:23; δεῖξαι (namely, ταῦτα), ἅ δεῖ γενέσθαι, Revelation 1:1; Revelation 22:6; ᾧ for ἐκεῖνος ᾧ, Luke 7:43, 47; οὗ for τούτῳ οὗ, Romans 10:14; with the attraction of ὧν for τούτων ἅ, Luke 9:36; Romans 15:18; ὧν for ταῦτα ὧν, Matthew 6:8; with a preposition intervening, ἔμαθεν ἀφ’ ὧν (for ἀπό τούτων ἅ) ἔπαθεν, Hebrews 5:8.
b. a demons. pronoun must be supplied in the subsequent clause: Matthew 10:38; Mark 9:40; Luke 4:6; Luke 9:50; John 19:22; Romans 2:1, and often. - Sometimes the purpose and end is expressed in the form of a relative clause (cf. the Latinqui forutis): ἀποστέλλω ἄγγελον, ὅς (for which Lachmann in Matt. has καί) κατασκευάσει, who shall etc. equivalent to that he may etc., Matthew 11:10; Mark 1:2; Luke 7:27; (1 Corinthians 2:16); so also in Greek authors, cf. Passow, under the word, VIII. vol. 2, p. 553; (Liddell and Scott, under B. IV. 4); Matthiae, § 481, d.; (Kühner, § 563, 3 b.; Jelf, § 836, 4; Buttmann, § 139, 32); — or the cause: ὅν παραδέχεται, because he acknowledges him as his own, Hebrews 12:6; — or the relative stands where ὥστε might be used (cf. Matthiae, § 479 a.; Krüger, § 51, 13, 10; (Kühner, § 563, 3 e.); Passow, under the word, VIII. 2, ii., p. 553b; (Liddell and Scott, as above)): Luke 5:21; Luke 7:49.
- For the interrogative τίς, τί, in indirect questions (cf. Ellendt, Lex. Sophocles 2:372; (cf. Buttmann, § 139, 58)): οὐκ ἔχω ὁ παραθήσω, Luke 11:6; by a later Greek usage, in a direct question (cf. Winers Grammar, § 24, 4; Buttmann, § 139, 59): ἐφ’ ὁ (or Rec. ἐφ’ ᾧ) πάρει, Matthew 26:50 (on which (and the more than doubtful use of ὅς in direct question) see ἐπί, B. 2 a. ζ῾., p. 233b and C. I. 2 g. γ. αα., p. 235^b).
- Joined to a preposition it forms a periphrasis for a conjunction (Buttmann, 105 (92)): ἀνθ’ ὧν, for ἀντί τούτων ὅτι — because, Luke 1:20; Luke 19:44; Acts 12:23; 2 Thessalonians 2:10; for which reason, wherefore, Luke 12:3 (see ἀντί, 2 d.); ἐφ’ ᾧ,.for that, since (see ἐπί, B. 2 a. δ., p. 233^a); ἀφ’ οὗ (from the time that), when, since, Luke 13:25; Luke 24:21 (see ἀπό, I. 4 b., p. 58{b}); ἄχρις οὗ, see ἄχρι, 1 d.; ἐξ οὗ, whence, Philippians 3:20 cf. Winers Grammar, § 21, 3; (Buttmann, § 143, 4 a.); ἕως οὗ, until (see ἕως, II. 1 b. α., p. 268{b}); also μέχρις οὗ, Mark 13:30; ἐν ᾧ, while, Mark 2:19; Luke 5:34; John 5:7; ἐν οἷς, meanwhile, Luke 12:1; (cf. ἐν, I. 8 e.).
- With particles: ὅς ἄν and ὅς ἐάν, whosoever, if any one ever, see ἄν, II. 2 and ἐάν, II., p. 163{a}; οὗ ἐάν, wheresoever (whithersoever) with subjunctive, 1 Corinthians 16:6 (cf. Buttmann, 105 (92)). ὅς γέ, see γέ, 2. ὅς καί, who also, he who (cf. Klotz ad Devar. 2:2, p. 636): Mark 3:19; Luke 6:13; Luke 10:39 (here WH brackets ἡ); John 21:20; Acts 1:11; Acts 7:45; Acts 10:39 (Rec. omits καί); ; Romans 5:2; 1 Corinthians 11:23; 2 Corinthians 3:6; Galatians 2:10; Hebrews 1:2, etc.; ὅς καί αὐτός, who also himself, who as well as others: Matthew 27:57. ὅς δήποτε, whosoever, John 5:4 Rec.; ὅσπερ (or ὅς περ L Tr text), who especially, the very one who (cf. Klotz ad Devar. 2:2, p. 724): Mark 15:6 (but here T WH Tr marginal reading now read ὅν παρῃτοῦντο, which see).
- The genitive οὗ, used absolutely (cf. Winers Grammar, 690 (549) note; Jelf, § 522, Obs. 1), becomes an adverb (first so in Attic writings, cf. Passow, II., p. 546a; (Meisterhans, § 50, 1));
a. where (Latinubi): Matthew 2:9; Matthew 18:20; Luke 4:16; Luke 23:53; Acts 1:13; Acts 12:12; Acts 16:13; Acts 20:6 (T Tr marginal reading ὅπου); ; Romans 4:15; Romans 9:26; 2 Corinthians 3:17; Colossians 3:1; Hebrews 3:9; Revelation 17:15; after verbs denoting motion (see ἐκεῖ b.; ὅπου, 1 b.) it can be rendered whither (cf. Winers Grammar, § 54, 7; Buttmann, 71 (62)), Matthew 28:16; Luke 10:1; Luke 24:28; 1 Corinthians 16:6.
b. when (like Latinubi equivalent toeotemporequo,quom): Romans 5:20 (Euripides, Iph. Taur. 320) (but others take οὗ in Romans, the passage cited locally).
Πῶς
HOW
Original Word: πῶς
Part of Speech: Adverb; Adverb, Interrogative
Transliteration: pós
Phonetic Spelling: (poce)
Definition: how?
Usage: how, in what manner, by what means.
in interrogation; how? in what way?
ὅπου
WHERE
from hos, and pou
Original Word: ὅπου Part of Speech: Adverb Transliteration: hopou Phonetic Spelling: (hop'-oo) Short Definition: where, whither Definition: where, whither, in what place.
above (1), place (1), since (1), there (2), whenever (1), where (61), whereas (1), wherever (3), wherever* (8), which (5).
joined to verbs signifying motion into a place instead of ὅποι, into which place, whither (see ἐκεῖ, b.): followed by the indicative, John 8:21; John 13:33, 36; John 14:4; John 21:18; (James 3:4 T Tr WH (see below)); ὅπου ἄν, where (whither) soever, with indicative present, Revelation 14:4 L Tr WH (cf. below), cf. Buttmann, § 139, 30; with subjunctive present, Luke 9:57 R G T WH (others, ὅπου ἐάν, see below); James 3:4 (R G L); Revelation 14:4 R G T (see above); ὅπου ἐάν, with subjunctive present, Matthew 8:19, and L Tr in Luke 9:57.
It gets the force of a conditional particle if (in case that, in so far as (A. V. whereas (cf. 2 Peter 2:11 above))): 1 Corinthians 3:3 (Clement of Rome, 1 Cor. 43, 1 [ET], and often in Greek writings; cf. Grimm on 4 Macc. 2:14; Meyer on 1 Corinthians 3:3; (Müller on the Epistle of Barnabas 16, 63).
Τί
τίς
WHAT - WHO - WHICH
Τί
Original Word: τίς, τί Part of Speech: Interrogative Pronoun Transliteration: tis Phonetic Spelling: (tis) Short Definition: who, which, what Definition: who, which, what, why.
πόσος
HOW MANY - HOW GREAT - HOW MUCH
Original Word: πόσος, η, ον Part of Speech: Correlative Or Interrogative Pronoun Transliteration: posos Phonetic Spelling: (pos'-os) Definition: how much? how great? Usage: how much, how great, how many.
πόσος • (pósos) m (feminine πόση, neuter πόσο) interrogative
how much? (questions of quantity and extent)
Πόσο κάνει; ― Póso kánei? ― How much?
Πόσο γάλα; ― Póso gála? ― How much milk?
Πόση ώρα είσαι εδώ; ― Pósi óra eísai edó? ― How long have you been here?
(plural) how many? (questions of quantity)
Πόσοι θέλετε καφέ; ― Pósoi thélete kafé? ― How many want coffee?
ποσότητα • (posótita) f (plural ποσότητες)
quantity, amount.
πόσο (póso, “how much”, “how many”)
ποσοτικός (posotikós, “quantitative”)
From Ancient Greek ποσότης
equivalent to πόσος (pósos, “how much”) +
-ότητα (“-ity, -ness”).
-ότητα • (-ótita) f
Added to an adjective or rarely, another noun, to create an abstract noun; -ity, -ty, -ness, -cy, -ion:
πού
WHERE
Original Word: πού Part of Speech: Adverb Transliteration: pou Phonetic Spelling: (poo) Short Definition: somewhere Definition: where, somewhere, anywhere; with numerals: somewhere about.
enclitic particle from the same as posos.
- somewhere: Hebrews 2:6; Hebrews 4:4.
- it has a limiting force, nearly; with numerals somewhere about, about (Herodotus 1,119; 7, 22; Pausanias, 8, 11, 2; Herodian, 7, 5, 3 (2 edition, Bekker); Aelian v. h. 13, 4; others): Romans 4:19.
somewhere, a certain place.
Genitive case of an indefinite pronoun pos (some) otherwise obsolete (compare posos); as adverb of place, somewhere, i.e. Nearly – about, a certain place.
see GREEK posos
ποῦ
WHERE
Original Word: ποῦ Part of Speech: Adverb, Interrogative Transliteration: pou Phonetic Spelling: (poo) Short Definition: where, whither Definition: where, in what place.
ποῦ (cf. Curtius, § 631), an interrogative adverb, from Homer down, the Sept. for אַיֵה, אָנָה, אַי, where? in what place? a. in direct questions: Matthew 2:2; Matthew 26:17; Mark 14:12, 14; Luke 17:17, 37; Luke 22:9, 11; John 1:38(39); ; ποῦ ἐστιν ((ἐστιν sometimes unexpressed)), in questions indicating that a person or thing is gone, or cannot be found, is equivalent to it is nowhere, does not exist: Luke 8:25; Romans 3:27; 1 Corinthians 1:20; 1 Corinthians 12:17, 19; 1 Corinthians 15:55; Galatians 4:15 L T Tr WH; 2 Peter 3:4; ποῦ φανεῖται (A. V. where shall … appear) equivalent to there will be no place for him, 1 Peter 4:18.
b. in indirect questions, for the relative ὅπου (cf. Winer’s Grammar, § 57, 2 at the end): followed by the indicative, Matthew 2:4; Mark 15:47; John 1:39 (40); ; Revelation 2:13 (cf. Winer’s Grammar, 612 (569)); followed by the subjunctive, Matthew 8:20; Luke 9:58; Luke 12:17.
c. joined to verbs of going or coming, for ποῖ in direct question (cf. our colloquial, where for whither; see Winers Grammar, § 54, 7; Buttmann, 71 (62)): John 7:35 (cf. Winers Grammar, 300 (281); Buttmann, 358 (307)); ; in indirect question, followed by the indicative: John 3:8; John 8:14; John 12:35; John 14:5; Hebrews 11:8; 1 John 2:11.
πῶς (from the obsolete ΠΟΣ, whence ποῦ, ποῖ, etc. (cf. Curtius, § 631)), adverb (from Homer down);
I. in interrogation; how? in what way? — in a direct question, followed by a. the indicative, it is the expression α. of one seeking information and desiring to be taught: Luke 1:34; Luke 10:26; John 3:9; John 9:26; 1 Corinthians 15:35 (cf. Winer’s Grammar, 266 (250)); πῶς οὖν, John 9:10 Tdf. (but L WH brackets οὖν), John 9:19; Romans 4:10. β. of one about to controvert another, and emphatically deny that the thing inquired about has happened or been done: Matthew 12:29; Mark 3:23; Luke 11:18; John 3:4, 12; John 5:44, 47; John 6:52; John 9:16; 1 John 3:17; 1 John 4:20; Romans 3:6; Romans 6:2; 1 Corinthians 14:7, 9, 16; 1 Timothy 3:5; Hebrews 2:3; καί πῶς, Mark 4:13; John 14:5 (here L text Tr WH omit καί); πῶς οὖν, Matthew 12:26; Romans 10:14 R G; πῶς δέ, Romans 10:14a R G L marginal reading, 14b R G T, 15 R G (on this see in b. below). where something is asserted and an affirmative answer is expected, πῶς οὐχί is used: Romans 8:32; 2 Corinthians 3:8. γ. of surprise, intimating that what has been done or is said could not have been done or said, or not rightly done or said — being equivalent to how is it, or how has it come to pass, that etc.: Galatians 2:14 G L T Tr WH; Matthew 22:12; John 4:9; John 6:52; John 7:15; πῶς λέγεις, λέγουσι, κτλ., Mark 12:35; Luke 20:41; John 8:38; καί πῶς, Luke 20:44; Acts 2:8; καί πῶς σύ λέγεις, John 12:34; John 14:9 (here L T WH omit; Tr brackets καί); πῶς οὖν, John 6:42 (here T WH Tr text πῶς νῦν); Matthew 22:43; πῶς οὐ, how is it that … not, why not? Matthew 16:11; Mark 8:21 R G L marginal reading; (R G T); Luke 12:56.
b. the deliberative subjunctive (where the question is, how that can be done which ought to be done): πῶς πληρωθῶσιν αἱ γραφαί, how are the Scriptures (which ought to be fulfilled) to be fulfilled? Matthew 26:54; πῶς φύγητε, how shall ye (who wish to escape) escape etc. Matthew 23:33; add, πῶς οὖν, Romans 10:14 L T Tr WH; πῶς δέ, Romans 10:14a L text T Tr WH; 14{b} L Tr WH; 15 L T Tr WH (Sir. 49:11); cf. Fritzsche on Romans, vol. ii., 405f c. followed by ἄν with the optative: πῶς γάρ ἄν δυναίμην; Acts 8:31 (on which see ἄν, III., p. 34b).
II. By a somewhat negligent use, occasionally met with, even in Attic writings, but more frequent in later authors, πῶς is found in indirect discourse, where regularly ὅπως ought to have stood; cf. Winers Grammar, § 57, 2 at the end; (Liddell and Scott, under the word, IV.).
a. with the indicative — present: Matthew 6:28; Mark 12:41; Luke 12:27; Acts 15:36; 1 Corinthians 3:10; Ephesians 5:15; Colossians 4:6; 1 Timothy 3:15; τό πῶς (on the article see ὁ, II. 10 a.); with the imperfect Luke 14:7; with the perfect, Revelation 3:3; with the aorist, Matthew 12:4; Mark 2:26 (here Tr WH brackets πῶς); Luke 8:36; Acts 9:27, etc.; after ἀναγινώσκειν, Mark 12:26 T Tr WH; how it came to pass that, etc. John 9:15; with the future: μέριμνα, πῶς ἀρέσει (because the direct question would be πῶς ἀρέσω;), 1 Corinthians 7:32-34 (but L T Tr WH ἀρέσῃ); ἐζήτουν πῶς αὐτόν ἀπολέσουσιν, how they shall destroy him (so that they were in no uncertainty respecting his destruction, but were only deliberating about the way in which they will accomplish it), Mark 11:18 R G (but the more correct reading here, according to the best manuscripts, including codex Siniaticus, is ἀπολέσωσιν ‘how they should destroy him’ (cf. Winers Grammar, § 41 b. 4 b.; Buttmann, § 139, 61; see the next entry)).
b. with the subjunctive, of the aorist and in deliberation: Mark 11:18 L T Tr WH; Mark 14:1, 11 (R G); Matthew 10:19; Luke 12:11; τό πῶς, Luke 22:2, 4; Acts 4:21.
III. in exclamation, how: πῶς δύσκολόν ἐστιν, Mark 10:24; πῶς παραχρῆμα, Matthew 21:20; πῶς δυσκόλως, Mark 10:23; Luke 18:24; with a verb, how (greatly): πῶς συνέχομαι, Luke 12:50; πῶς ἐφίλει αὐτόν, John 11:36.
ὅτε
WHEN
Original Word: ὅτε Part of Speech: Adverb Transliteration: hote Phonetic Spelling: (hot'-eh) Short Definition: when Definition: when, at which time.
from hos, and te
Original Word: ὅς, ἥ, ὅ Part of Speech: Relative Pronoun Transliteration: hos, hé, ho Phonetic Spelling: (hos) Short Definition: who, which, what, that Definition: who, which, what, that.
τέ Original Word: τέ Part of Speech: Particle, Disjunctive Particle Transliteration: te Phonetic Spelling: (teh) Short Definition: and, both Definition: and, both.
5037 té (a conjunction) – “and both” (“both and”). 5037 /té (“and both”) occurs 204 times in the NT and unfortunately is often not translated.
[When translated, 5037 (té) is usually rendered “and,” “both and,” or “and both.”]
τέ, standing alone (i. e. not followed by another τέ, or by καί, or other particle), joins a. parts of one and the same sentence, as…
τέ … καί, and τέ καί, not only … but also, as well … as, both … and; things are thus connected which are akin, or which are united to each other by some inner bond, whether logical or real.
Πού είναι η γυναίκα μου;
Poú eínai i gynaíka mou?
Where is my wife?
που (pou, “that, which, where”, pronoun and conjunction)
πού και πού (poú kai poú, “occasionally, now and again”)
πού πηγαίνεις?
Where are you going?
ὅπου
WHERE - WHENCE - WHITHER
Original Word: ὅπου Part of Speech: Adverb Transliteration: hopou Phonetic Spelling: (hop'-oo) Short Definition: where, whither Definition: where, whither, in what place.
from hos, and pou
hos, hé, ho: usually rel. who, which, that, also demonstrative this, that Original Word: ὅς, ἥ, ὅ Part of Speech: Relative Pronoun Transliteration: hos, hé, ho Phonetic Spelling: (hos) Short Definition: who, which, what, that Definition: who, which, what, that.
pou: somewhere Original Word: πού Part of Speech: Adverb Transliteration: pou Phonetic Spelling: (poo) Short Definition: somewhere Definition: where, somewhere, anywhere; with numerals: somewhere about. NAS Exhaustive Concordance Word Origin enclitic particle from the same as posos Definition somewhere NASB Translation about (1), somewhere (3).
Thayer’s Greek Lexicon
STRONGS NT 4225x: μήπου
μήπου (T Tr) or μή ποῦ (WH), that nowhere, lest anywhere (lest haply): Acts 27:29 T Tr WH. (Homer, et al.)
STRONGS NT 4225: πούπού, an enclitic particle, from Homer down;
- somewhere: Hebrews 2:6; Hebrews 4:4.
- it has a limiting force, nearly; with numerals somewhere about, about (Herodotus 1,119; 7, 22; Pausanias, 8, 11, 2; Herodian, 7, 5, 3 (2 edition, Bekker); Aelian v. h. 13, 4; others): Romans 4:19.
Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance
somewhere, a certain place.
Genitive case of an indefinite pronoun pos (some) otherwise obsolete (compare posos); as adverb of place, somewhere, i.e. Nearly – about, a certain place.
πόσος
HOW MUCH - HOW GREAT - HOW MANY
Original Word: πόσος, η, ον
Part of Speech: Correlative Or Interrogative Pronoun
Transliteration: posos
Phonetic Spelling: (pos’-os)
Short Definition: how much, how great, how many
Definition: how much, how great, how many.
πόσος, πόση, πόσον ((cf. Curtius, § 631), from Aeschylus down, Latinquantus), how great: Matthew 6:23; 2 Corinthians 7:11; πόσος χρόνος, how great (a space) i. e. how long time, Mark 9:21; neuter how much, Luke 16:5, 7; πόσῳ (by) how much, Matthew 12:12; πόσῳ μᾶλλον, Matthew 7:11; Matthew 10:25; Luke 11:13; Luke 12:24, 28; Romans 11:12, 24; Philemon 1:16; Hebrews 9:14; πόσῳ χείρονος τιμωρίας, Hebrews 10:29; plural how many: with nouns, Matthew 15:34; Matthew 16:9; Mark 6:38; Mark 8:4, 19; Luke 15:17; Acts 21:20; πόσα, how grave, Matthew 27:13; Mark 15:4.
ὅτε
WHEN
Original Word: ὅτε Part of Speech: Adverb Transliteration: hote Phonetic Spelling: (hot'-eh) Short Definition: when Definition: when, at which time.
from hos, and te
Original Word: ὅς, ἥ, ὅ Part of Speech: Relative Pronoun Transliteration: hos, hé, ho Phonetic Spelling: (hos) Short Definition: who, which, what, that Definition: who, which, what, that.
τέ BOTH AND Original Word: τέ Part of Speech: Particle, Disjunctive Particle Transliteration: te Phonetic Spelling: (teh) Short Definition: and, both Definition: and, both.
5037 té (a conjunction) – “and both” (“both and”). 5037 /té (“and both”) occurs 204 times in the NT and unfortunately is often not translated.
[When translated, 5037 (té) is usually rendered “and,” “both and,” or “and both.”]
τέ, standing alone (i. e. not followed by another τέ, or by καί, or other particle), joins a. parts of one and the same sentence, as…
τέ … καί, and τέ καί, not only … but also, as well … as, both … and; things are thus connected which are akin, or which are united to each other by some inner bond, whether logical or real.
πού ήσουν?
Where were you?
the ήσουν • (ísoun)
2nd person singular imperfect of είμαι (eímai): “you were”
που είσαι?
Where are you?
πού βάλατε το βιβλίο;
Where did you put the book?
όπου πρέπει να σε συναντήσω;
Where should I meet you?
από πού μπορώ να το βρω;
Where can I find it?
μπορώ • (boró) (simple past μπόρεσα)
can, be able.
eureka
βρω • (vro)
form of βρίσκω: subjunctive/dependent
simple past,
1st person singular.
εὑρίσκω • (heurískō)
I happen upon by chance, find
I find out, discover
I acquire, fetch, obtain
βρίσκω • (vrísko) (simple past βρήκα, passive βρίσκομαι)
find, discover, locate
εὕρηκᾰ • (heúrēka)
first-person singular perfect active indicative of εὑρίσκω (heurískō)
πού πήγε;
Where did it go?
ποιος μιλάει?
Who is speaking?
ποιος • (poios) m (feminine ποια, neuter ποιο) interrogative Pronoun who Ποιος είναι ο επισκέπτης ― Who is the caller?
Ποιος ―
Who’s that?, Who’s there?, Who is it?
which
Ποιο βιβλίο θέλεις ―
Which book do you want?
(in accusative case) who, whom
Σε ποιον το έδωσες ―
To whom did you give it?
(in genitive case) whose
Ποιανού είναι η πετσέτα ―
Whose is the towel?
