OPPOSITES (Greek) Flashcards
δέω / λῡ́ω
BIND / LOOSE
λύνω και δένω
(literally: I untie and tie)
(“to call the shots, to be in charge”)
δένω • (déno) simple past - έδεσα, passive - δένομαι Verb tie, bind, tie up
Δένει κόμπο. ―
He ties a knot., moor, tie up.
Το καΐκι δένει στο λιμάνι. ―
The caique ties up in the harbour.
(figuratively) tie someone’s hands, constrains actions.
Ο νόμος μάς δένει τα χέρια. ―
The law ties our hands.
(cooking) (intransitive) coagulate.
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λῡ́ω • (lū́ō)
I loose, loosen, untie slacken unbend set free, release redeem dissolve, sever break (up), destroy abrogate, annul atone, amend profit, I am useful first-person singular present active indicative/subjunctive of λῡ́ω (lū́ō)
see: λύω (lýo) for derivatives, compounds
άλυτος (álytos, “fastened, unsolved”)
λύση (lýsi, “solution”)
λυτός (lytós, “untied”)
ξελύνω (xelýno, “untie”)
ξεδιαλύνω (xedialýno, “disentagle, explain, make clear”)
λυμένος (lyménos, “untied, solved”, participle)
λύνεται η γλώσσα (lýnetai i glóssa, “(literally: the tongue is untied) speaks the fluently, speaks the truth”)
λύνω και δένω (lýno kai déno, “(literally: I untie and tie) to call the shots, to be in charge”)
λύνω τα χέρια (lýno ta chéria, “(literally: untie the hands) facilitate”)
ξελύνω (xelýno, “untie”)
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δέω • (déō)
Verb
To lack, need, require [+genitive = something, someone]
with πολλοῦ (polloû) To be far from being able to do [+infinitive = something]
participle δέων (déōn)
modifying a noun, with genitive of the number by which something is less than another thing: lacking a number: a number less than something, something minus a number; often used to express numbers ending in 8 or 9
with both the participle and the number in the genitive: genitive absolute: with a number lacking, a number less than
(middle, never impersonal, transitive) To lack, not have, or need [+genitive = something]
(intransitive) to need [+infinitive = to do something]
(intransitive) To be in need
οἱ δεόμενοι
hoi deómenoi
the needy
(transitive) To beg [+two genitives = something from someone]; [+genitive and infinitive = someone to do something]
Antonyms
λῡ́ω (lū́ō)
δέσμα • (désma)
Noun
a bond or fetter.
δεσμός • (desmós) m (genitive δεσμοῦ); second declension (Epic, Attic, Ionic, Koine) Noun bond, fetter collar, halter bondage, imprisonment spell, charm.
Greek: δεσμός m (“relationship”)
δεσμά n or pl (“imprisonment, chains”)
δεσμός • (desmós) m (plural δεσμοί) Noun bond, tie (emotional, social) (chemistry) bond relationship, affair (plural) imprisonment, chains.
δεσμός
From δέω (“I bind”) + -μός
-μός • (-mós) m (genitive -μοῦ); second declension
Suffix
Forms abstract nouns.
*(ó)-mos m
Creates action/result nouns from verb stems.
δέμα • (déma) n (plural δέματα)
Noun
package, bundle, packet.
ᾰ̓γκιστρόδετος (ankistródetos) ᾰ̓δᾰμαντόδετος (adamantódetos) ᾰ̓́δετος (ádetos) ζῠγόδεσμον (zugódesmon) ῐ̔μᾰντόδετος (himantódetos) ῐ̓όδετος (iódetos) δέμᾰ (déma) δέσῐς (désis) δέσμᾰ (désma) δεσμός (desmós) δετέον (detéon) δετός (detós) ᾰ̓δεής (adeḗs) ᾰ̓́δειᾰ (ádeia) ἀντῐδέομαι (antidéomai) ἐπῐδέω (epidéō) ἡμῐδεής (hēmideḗs) κᾰτᾰδέομαι (katadéomai) ὀψόδειᾰ (opsódeia) πολῠδεής (poludeḗs) προσδέω (prosdéō) δέημᾰ (déēma) δεησῐ́δῐον (deēsídion) δέησῐς (déēsis) δεητέον (deētéon) δεητῐκός (deētikós) δεῖ (deî)
From Proto-Indo-European *deh₁-.
*deh₁-
Verb
to bind.
Hittite: 𒋾𒄿𒀀 (ti-ya /tiya/)
Hellenic: *deyō
Ancient Greek: δέω (déō)
ζῠγόδεσμον • (zugódesmon) m (genitive ζῠγοδέσμου); second declension
Noun
yoke-band, a cord or strap for fastening the yoke to the pole.
From ζυγόν (zugón, “yoke”) + δεσμός (desmós, “bond, fetter”).
δέμα • (déma) n (plural δέματα)
package, bundle, packet
δέσμα • (désma)
Noun
a bond or fetter
δεσμός • (desmós) m (genitive δεσμοῦ); second declension (Epic, Attic, Ionic, Koine) Noun bond, fetter collar, halter bondage, imprisonment spell, charm
From δέω (déō, “I bind”) + -μός (-mós).
Suffix
-μός • (-mós) m (genitive -μοῦ); second declension
Forms abstract nouns.
Descendants
Greek: δεσμός m (desmós, “relationship”)
δεσμός • (desmós) m (plural δεσμοί) bond, tie (emotional, social) (chemistry) bond relationship, affair (plural) imprisonment, chains
δεσμά n or pl (desmá, “imprisonment, chains”)
δεύω • (deúō)
Epic and Aeolic form of δέω (déō, “to lack, need, require”)
δίνω / παίρνω
δέχομαι
GIVE / TAKE
δίνω • (díno) (simple past έδωσα, passive δίνομαι)
give (pass something; transfer ownership)
Δίνει το βιβλίο. ―
She gives the book.
Δώσε μου λίγο το μολύβι σου. ―
Give me your pencil.
give, hold (an event)
Η Ελένη έδωσε ένα πάρτι γενεθλίων. ―
Eleni gave a birthday party.
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παίρνω • (paírno) (simple past πήρα, passive παίρνομαι)
take, get, move.
Aphetic form of Byzantine Greek επαίρνω (epaírnō), which comes from Ancient Greek ἐπαίρω (epaírō, “to lift up, to rouse”) with addition of a nasal infix.
Παίρνω λαχανικά από το σουπερμάρκετ. ― I get vegetables from the supermarket.
Παίρνω τρεις εβδομάδες άδεια το χρόνο. ― I take three weeks leave a year.
Ο πατέρας μου παίρνει πέντε χάπια κάθε μέρα.
My father takes five pills every day.
Παίρνει το σκουπίδι από το πάτωμα. ―
He picks up the rubbish from the floor.
Η κυβέρνηση θα πάρει πιο τολμηρά μέτρα. ―
The government will take bolder measures.
Παίρνω 1 κιλό το μήνα. ―
I put on 1 kilo a month.
με πήρε το ποτάμι (“he suffered financial ruin”, literally “the river got him”)
αποπαίρνω (“to scold”)
ευχαριστώ, αλλά δε θα πάρω
(“thanks, but no thanks”)
περνάω (“to pass, to penetrate”)
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RECEIVE
Proto-Indo-European - *deḱ-
*deḱ-
take, perceive.
From Ancient Greek: δέχομαι (dékhomai)
δέχομαι • (dékhomai) (Attic)
Verb
To accept, receive.
δέκτης • (déktis) m (plural δέκτες) Noun recipient, receiver. (technology) receiver. From Ancient Greek δέκτης (“receiver”), from δέχομαι (“to receive”).
From Indo-Iranian: *dā́ĉti (“to worship”)
Italic: *dedokai
*dedokai
taken, accepted.
From Latin: didicī (“learned”)
didicī
first-person singular perfect active indicative of discō.
From Latin - discō (present infinitive discere, perfect active didicī, supine discitum); third conjugation I learn Aut disce aut discēde. Either learn or go away. (drama) I study, practice.
From Greek - διδάσκω • (didáskō)
I teach, instruct, train.
See παιδεύω: I train, teach, educate.
From παῖς (“child”) + -εύω (“verb suffix meaning “be x” or “do what x typically does”)
From causative reduplication of ἐδάην (“learned, taught”) with inchoative suffix -σκω (“inchoative suffix with a meaning of becoming”)
Compare Sanskrit दिदेष्टि (dideṣṭi), दीक्षयति (dīkṣayati, “initiate, teach, prepare, make ready”).
From Proto-Indo-European *de-dóḱ-, causative of *deḱ- (“take, perceive”).
πανδοκεῖον • (pandokeîon) n (genitive πανδοκείου); second declension
Noun
inn, hostel, hotel, motel, bed and breakfast.
From πᾰν- (“all, every”) + δοκ-, o-grade of the stem of δέχομαι (to receive”), + -εῖον (Forms nouns, usually instruments or means of action, from noun-stems.).
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αναδέχομαι (anadéchomai, “to undertake, to become a godfather or sponsor”)
απεκδέχομαι (apekdéchomai, “to hope for, to expect”)
αποδέχομαι (apodéchomai, “to accept, to agree”)
διαδέχομαι (diadéchomai, “to succeed”)
ενδέχεται (endéchetai, “it’s possible, it may”)
επιδέχομαι (epidéchomai, “to admit, to allow”)
καλοδέχομαι (kalodéchomai, “to welcome”)
καταδέχομαι (katadéchomai, “to deign, to condescend”)
παραδέχομαι (paradéchomai, “to concede, to acknowledge”)
υποδέχομαι (ypodéchomai, “to welcome, to host, to receive”)
διαδοχή f (diadochí, “succession”)
διάδοχος m or f (diádochos, “successor, heir”)
διαδοχικός (diadochikós, “successive, consecutive”)
αναδέχομαι • (anadéchomai) deponent (simple past αναδέχτηκα) Verb become a sponsor or godparent stand surety undertake an obligation.
αποδέχομαι • (apodéchomai) deponent (simple past αποδέχτηκα, αποδέχθηκα)
Verb
admit, demonstrate.
From απο- + δέχομαι (“to accept”).
διαδέχομαι • (diadéchomai) deponent (simple past διαδέχτηκα, διαδέχθηκα)
Verb
(transitive) succeed, follow (to come next after in order)
From δια- (dia-, “through”) + δέχομαι (déchomai, “to accept”).
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ἀκόλουθος (follower, attendant, attaché, acolyte) ακολουθώ (as follows) Ακολούθησε ακολουθιέμαι (to be followed) ακολουθούμαι (to be followed) ακολούθησα (followed) Ακολούθησε ἀκολουθέω (to follow)
ακολουθώ • (akolouthó) simple past - ακολούθησα passive - ακολουθούμαι, ακολουθιέμαι follow, pursue follow, come next go with, escort follow, listen to.
Ακολούθησε τον Οδυσσέα στην αυλή. ―
She followed Odysseas into the yard.
From Ancient Greek ἀκολουθέω (akolouthéō, “to join, to follow”).
From ἀκόλουθος (akólouthos, “following”) + -έω (-éō, verbal suffix)
ἀκολουθέω • (akolouthéō)
(transitive, intransitive) to follow, go after, go with [+dative or rarely accusative = someone] or with prepositions such as σύν (sún) and the dative, μετά (metá) and the genitive, or ἐπί (epí) and the accusative.
From ἀκόλουθος (“following”) + -έω (verbal suffix)
ᾰ̓́κόλουθος • (ákólouthos) m or f (neuter ᾰ̓́κόλουθον); second declension
Adjective
following, attending.
ακόλουθος • (akólouthos) m or f (plural ακόλουθοι)
Noun
attendant, attaché, acolyte.
ακολούθως (akoloúthos, “afterwards”, adverb)
and see: ακολουθώ (akolouthó, “to follow”)
ακόλουθος • (akólouthos) m (feminine ακόλουθη)
Adjective
following, next, as follows.
ακολούθως • (akoloúthos)
Adverb
afterwards, next
ως ακολούθως ― as follows.
acolyte (plural acolytes) Noun (ecclesiastical) One who has received the highest of the four minor orders in the Catholic Church, being ordained to carry the wine, water and lights at Mass. An attendant, assistant or follower. Sidekick. Assistant.
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PATH Κελεός (proper name, Celsius) κέλευθος (a path, a way) κελεύθου (genitive) κέλευθᾰ (plural neuter) κελεύω (to command, to order) κέλομαι (to be commanded, to be ordered) κέλευσμᾰ (an order, that which is ordered)
From κέλευθος (kéleuthos, “path”) κέλευθος • (kéleuthos) m genitive - κελεύθου) plural usually neuter - κέλευθᾰ Noun (poetic) road, way, path. From the root of κέλομαι (kélomai) and κελεύω (keleúō, “to urge, command”). Cognate with Lithuanian kẽlias and Latvian ceļš (“road, way”) and with Albanian kaloj (“to pass, walk by”).
κέλομαι • (kélomai)
Verb
to command
to urge, exhort.
κελεύω • (keleúō)
Verb
to urge, bid, exhort.
to command, order.
Κελεός (proper noun - name, Celsius)
From κελεύω (keleúō, “urge, order”).
κέλευσμᾰ • (kéleusma) n (genitive κελεύσμᾰτος); third declension
Noun
an order, a command, a behest.
call, summons.
That which is ordered.
The context of the command.
From κελεύω (keleúō, “urge, order”) + -μᾰ (-ma).
From Ancient Greek ἀκόλουθος (akólouthos, “follower, analog”)
ἀκολουθέω
From ἀκόλουθος (“following”) + -έω (verbal suffix)
(transitive) to follow one in a thing, let oneself be led by…
(transitive) to follow the thread of a discourse.
(of things, transitive) to follow, be consequent on.
(intransitive) it follows.
ακλουθώ • (aklouthó) (simple past ακλούθησα)
Verb
Alternative form of ακολουθώ (akolouthó)
ακολουθάω • (akoloutháo) (simple past ακολούθησα, passive ακολουθούμαι, ακολουθιέμαι)
Verb
Alternative form of ακολουθώ (akolouthó)
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διαδοχή • (diadochí) f (plural διαδοχές)
succession (act of following in sequence)
η διαδοχή του θρόνου ― i diadochí tou thrónou ― the succession of the throne
series, succession (sequence of things in order)
η διαδοχή των γεγονότων που οδήγησαν στον πόλεμο ― i diadochí ton gegonóton pou odígisan ston pólemo ― the series of events that led to the war.
Synonyms
(series): ακολουθία f (akolouthía)
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διάδοχος • (diádochos) m (feminine διάδοχος or διάδοχη, neuter διάδοχο)
successor (coming after the other in a series)
το διάδοχο πολιτικό σχήμα στην εξουσία της χώρας ― to diádocho politikó schíma stin exousía tis chóras ― the successor political shape in the country’s power.
From Ancient Greek διάδοχος (diádokhos), from Ancient Greek διαδέχομαι (diadékhomai, “to succeed”).
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διαδέχομαι • (diadéchomai) deponent (simple past διαδέχτηκα, διαδέχθηκα)
(transitive) succeed, follow (to come next after in order)
Ο Γεώργιος Αʹ διαδέχθηκε τον Όθωνα το 1863. ― O Geórgios Aʹ diadéchthike ton Óthona to 1863. ― George I succeeded Otto (as King of Greece) in 1863.
Ο γιος του τον διαδέχθηκε στην πρωθυπουργία. ― O gios tou ton diadéchthike stin prothypourgía. ― His son succeeded him as Prime Minister.
From Ancient Greek διαδέχομαι (diadékhomai), equivalent to δια- (dia-, “through”) + δέχομαι (déchomai, “to accept”).
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διαδοχικός • (diadochikós) m (feminine διαδοχική, neuter διαδοχικό)
Adjective
successive, consecutive (coming one after the other in a series.)
διαδοχικές νίκες ― diadochikés níkes ― successive victories
διαδοχικά πλήγματα ― diadochiká plígmata ― successive blows.
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παραδέχομαι • (paradéchomai) deponent (simple past παραδέχτηκα, παραδέχθηκα)
Verb
(transitive) admit, accept, concede, allow.
(confess to be true or to be the case, typically with reluctance)
Επιτέλους παραδέχτηκε ότι την αγαπάει. ―
At last he admitted that he loved her.
Αυτή είναι άθεη και δεν θα παραδεχτεί ποτέ ότι υπάρχει ο Θεός. ―
She’s atheist and will never concede that there is a God.
Verb
recognise (as able or skilled)
take one’s hat off to…
Στη μαγειρική τον παραδέχομαι· είναι αξεπέραστος. ―
As far as cooking is concerned, I take my hat off to him; he’s unsurpassed.
φέρω / πῑ́πτω
ρίχνω / σηκώνω
βᾰ́λλω
ρίξτε
FERRY / THROW
BEAR / DROP
φέρτε το χαρτοφύλακα
Carry the briefcase.
μεταφέρετε τη μελωδία.
Carry the tune.
φέρνει ένα βρέφος.
She is carrying a baby.
φέρει έμβρυο στη μήτρα της.
She carries a fetus in her womb.
μεταφέρει το παιδί.
She carries the child.
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σηκώνω • (sikóno) (simple past σήκωσα, passive σηκώνομαι)
Verb
raise, put up, lift, heave
σηκώνω άγκυρα ― sikóno ágkyra ― to weigh or raise anchor.
ρίχνω • (ríchno) (simple past έριξα, passive ρίχνομαι) verb drop (anchor) ρίχνω άγκυρα ― ríchno ágkyra ― to drop anchor drop, lower (price) shed (a load) throw knock over shoot down sprinkle, strew
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DROP
ρίξτε το χαρτοφύλακα
Drop the briefcase.
Ρίξε την μπάλα.
Drop the ball.
ρίξτε το σαν να είναι ζεστό
Drop it like its hot.
ρίξτε το μικρόφωνο.
Drop the mic.
Απλά ρίξτε μια ματιά στα μπροστινά του δόντια!
Just take a look at his front teeth.
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THROW
πέτα τη μπάλα
Throw the ball.
πετάξτε τη μπάλα πάνω από το δίχτυ.
Throw the ball over the net.
ρίξτε το μωρό έξω με το νερό του μπάνιου.
Throw the baby out with the bath water.
ρίξτε τα κλειδιά σε με.
Throw the keys to me.
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HOLD - CARRY
κρατά το μωρό.
She is holding the baby.
φέρε μου ένα φλιτζάνι καφέ.
Bring me a cup of coffee.
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DROP
ρίχνω • (ríchno) (simple past έριξα, passive ρίχνομαι) Verb drop (anchor) ρίχνω άγκυρα ― ríchno ágkyra ― to drop anchor drop, lower (price) shed (a load) throw knock over shoot down sprinkle, strew.
έριξα • (érixa)
Verb
1st person singular simple past form of ρίχνω (ríchno).
ρίχνομαι • (ríchnomai) passive (simple past ρίχτηκα, active ρίχνω)
Verb
passive form of ρίχνω (ríchno).
ρίχτηκα • (ríchtika)
Verb
1st person singular simple past form of ρίχνομαι (ríchnomai).
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ANTONYM (Lift - Heave)
σηκώνω • (sikóno) (simple past σήκωσα, passive σηκώνομαι)
raise, put up, lift, heave
σηκώνω άγκυρα ― sikóno ágkyra ― to weigh or raise anchor.
Related terms
ανασηκώνω (“to lift slightly, to roll up”)
ανασκουμπώνομαι (“to roll up one’s sleeves”)
ανασκούμπωμα n (anaskoúmpoma, “rolling up of sleeves, preparation for work”)
ανασκουμπώθηκα • (anaskoumpóthika)
1st person singular simple past form of ανασκουμπώνομαι (anaskoumpónomai).
σηκώνομαι • (sikónomai) active (simple past σηκώθηκα, active σηκώνω)
Verb
stand up, rise (from a sitting position)
get up, arise, be up and about.
Coordinated terms
διανυκτερεύω (dianykterévo, “to be up all night”)
πάω για ύπνο (páo gia ýpno, “to go to bed, to go for a sleep”)
διανυκτερεύω • (dianykterévo) (simple past διανυκτέρευσα)
Verb
be up all night, stay up all night
hold a vigil
be open all night, stay open all night.
Antonym
πάω για ύπνο (páo gia ýpno, “to go to bed, to go for a sleep”)
σηκώνομαι • (sikónomai) active (simple past σηκώθηκα, active σηκώνω)
Verb
stand up, rise (from a sitting position)
get up, arise, be up and about
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THROW
βᾰ́λλω • (bállō)
(transitive) I throw, cast, hurl
(transitive) I let fall
(transitive) I strike, touch
(transitive) I put, place
(intransitive) I fall, tumble
From Proto-Indo-European *gʷl̥-ne-h₁-, nasal-infix from *gʷelH- (“to hit by throwing”). Cognates are uncertain, but compare Sanskrit उद्गूर्ण (ud-gūrṇa) and Old Irish at·baill (“dies”).
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αποβάλλω • (apovállo) (simple past απέβαλα, passive αποβάλλομαι)
expel, reject
bring up, vomit
miscarry (baby)
send off (footballer)
From Ancient Greek ἀποβάλλω (apobállō). Morphologically απο- (apo-) + βάλλω (vállo).
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φέρω • (phérō)
to bring, bear, carry
Usage notes
Edit
Both φέρω (phérō) and ἄγω (ágō) mean “bring”, but φέρω (phérō) is used when the object is an inanimate object, while ἄγω (ágō) is used when the object is animate (a person or animal).
bring φέρω, φέρνω fetch φέρω, προκαλώ, φέρνω tote φέρω, βαστάζω, σύρω bear αντέχω, φέρω, ανέχομαι, υποφέρω, υφίσταμαι, κρατώ conduct καθοδηγώ, άγω, διευθύνω, οδηγώ, φέρω, διεξάγω half φέρω
φερτός (fertós, “redeposited, transferred”)
φορείο n (foreío, “stretcher”)
-φόρος (-fóros, “carrier”)
φόρος m (fóros, “tax, tribute”)
φέρω • (féro) (simple past έφερα, passive φέρομαι)
bear, carry (decoration, injuries, scars)
From Ancient Greek φέρω (phérō), from Proto-Hellenic *pʰérō, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰer-.
φέρνω (férno, “to carry something a distance”)
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πτώση • (ptósi) f (plural πτώσεις)
(grammar) case
Το υποκείμενο του ρήματος βρίσκεται πάντα σε ονομαστική πτώση!
To ypokeímeno tou rímatos vrísketai pánta se onomastikí ptósi!
The subject of the verb is always in the nominative case!
fall, drop, reduction (in position, quantity, etc)
fall, downfall, overthrow.
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πῑ́πτω • (pī́ptō)
Verb
to fall, throw oneself down.
From πῑ́πτω (pī́ptō, “I fall”) + -σῐς (-sis).
πτῶσῐς • (ptôsis) f (genitive πτώσεως); third declension
Verb
falling, a fall
380 BCE, Plato, The Republic 604c:
ὥσπερ ἐν πτώσει κύβων
hṓsper en ptṓsei kúbōn
as it were in the fall of the dice
(grammar) case
(grammar) inflection
384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, Poetics 1457a.18:
τὸ γὰρ ἐβάδισεν; ἢ βάδιζε πτῶσις ῥήματος κατὰ ταῦτα τὰ εἴδη ἐστίν.
tò gàr ebádisen? ḕ bádize ptôsis rhḗmatos katà taûta tà eídē estín.
“Walked” and “Walk!” are verbal conjugations of this kind.
arrangement of terms in a syllogism
384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, Prior Analytics 42b.30
384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, Posterior Analytics 94a.12
From Proto-Indo-European *pípth₂-
*péth₂-r̥ (“feather, wing”)
reduplicated present from *peth₂- (“to fall; fly”).
Pterosaurs - winged dinosaur.
ἐκπίπτω • (ekpíptō) Verb to fall out of to be thrown out of (functioning as the passive of ἐκβάλλω (ekbállō)) From ἐκ- (ek-) + πίπτω (píptō)
ἐμπίπτω • (empíptō) Verb to fall into, fall upon (military) to charge. From ἐν- (en-) + πίπτω (píptō)
πῖπτε • (pîpte)
Verb
second-person singular present active imperative of πῑ́πτω (pī́ptō)
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CARRY - HOLD - CONTAIN
βαστώ • (vastó) (simple past βάσταξα, βάστηξα, passive βαστιέμαι)
VERB
hold, contain
hold, carry (on yourself: money, etc)
(figuratively) hold, carry, look after (a secret)
hold back
(figuratively) hold back (control yourself)
support, bear (be leaned against)
(figuratively) look after, care for
last, endure (a period of time)
descend from genealogically.
βαστάω • (vastáo) (simple past βάσταξα, βάστηξα, passive βαστιέμαι)
Verb
Alternative form of βαστώ (vastó)
βαστάζω • (vastázo) (simple past βάσταξα, βάστηξα, passive βαστάζομαι)
Verb
carry, support (bring something as a load)
(figuratively) bear, withstand (loss, etc)
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κουβαλάω • (kouvaláo) (simple past κουβάλησα, passive κουβαλιέμαι)
carry.
μεταφέρω • (metaphérō)
Verb
to carry over, transfer
to change, alter
(rhetoric) to transfer a word to a new sense, use it in a changed sense, employ a metaphor.
From μετα- (meta-, indicating change) + φέρω (phérō, “bear, carry”)
μετᾰφορᾱ́ • (metaphorā́) f (genitive μετᾰφορᾶς); first declension
transference
(rhetoric) metaphor, trope.
trope (plural tropes)
Noun
(art, literature) Something recurring across a genre or type of art or literature, such as the ‘mad scientist’ of horror movies or the use of the phrase ‘once upon a time’ as an introduction to fairy tales; a motif.
From Latin tropus, from Ancient Greek τρόπος (trópos, “a manner, style, turn, way; a trope or figure of speech; a mode in music; a mode or mood in logic”), related to τροπή (tropḗ, “solstice; trope; turn”) and τρέπειν (trépein, “to turn”); compare turn of phrase. The verb is derived from the noun.
πέτα / Πιάσε
ῥῑ́πτω / πιάνω
ρίξε - πέτα (throw)
πιάνω - Πιάσε (catch)
THROW / CATCH
πέτα τη μπάλα
Throw the ball.
Πιάσε τη μπάλα
Catch the ball.
με ρίξε τα κλειδιά μου
Toss me my keys.
με ρίξε το πορτοφόλι μου.
Throw me my wallet.
έριξε μια ταιριάζει.
He threw a fit.
Πιάσε τη μπάλα.
Catch the ball.
ῥῑ́πτω • (rhī́ptō)
(transitive) To throw, cast, hurl
(transitive) To throw or toss around
460 BCE – 370 BCE, Hippocrates, On the Nature of the Woman 1.2
(transitive) To throw out of a place
(transitive) To cast or throw off or away (arms, clothes, and so on)
(figuratively, transitive) To hurl (words); to waste them
(transitive) To throw down
From Proto-Indo-European *wreyp- or *wriHp-, from *wer- (“to turn”).[1]
ῥῑπτᾰ́ζω • (rhīptázō)
Verb
(transitive) To throw to and fro, toss about or around, move back and forth or up and down
800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 14.257
7th-6th centuries BC, Homeric Hymn to Hermes 279
(intransitive or passive, also with reflexive pronoun) To toss about (in bed)
SUFFIX
-ᾰ́ζω • (-ázō)
Used to form verbs from nouns, adjectives, and other verbs.
Added to verb stems to create a frequentative form.
ῥῑ́πτω (“throw to and fro”) + -άζω → ῥῑπτᾰ́ζω (“throw around”)
-ῐ́ζω • (-ízō)
Used to form verbs from nouns, adjectives and other verbs.
Used to form verbs from proper nouns of cities, demonyms, to denote:
adhere to the policy of the city
mimicking the style and behaviour of the demonym
-ίζω (-ízō) + Λᾰ́κων (Lákōn, “Lacedaemonian”) → λᾰκωνίζω (lakōnízō)
-ισμός • (-ismós) m (genitive -ισμοῦ); second declension
Forms abstract nouns.
Rebracketing of the suffix -μός (-mós) appended to verbs in -ίζω (-ízō) / -ίζομαι (-ízomai), such as in λογισμός (logismós) (λογίζομαι (logízomai) + -μός (-mós)).
-μός • (-mós) m (genitive -μοῦ); second declension
Forms abstract nouns.
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HOLD - CATCH
πιάνω • (piáno) simple past - έπιασα passive - πιάνομαι Verb hold, catch, taking up space, occupy. catch (a ball, etc) touch (related to a place) rent (related to a place) occupy, fill.
Έχεις πιάσει όλο το κρεβάτι με τις ποδάρες σου.
You’re taking up the entire bed with your big feet.
πιάσε • (piáse)
Verb
2nd person singular perfective imperative form of πιάνω (piáno).: “catch!”
σηκώνω / πτώση
PICK UP / DROP
Pick up the ball.
σηκώστε την μπάλα
Drop the ball.
πτώση της μπάλας
πετάω • (petáo) simple past - πέταξα passive - πετιέμαι (intransitive) fly (transitive) throw (transitive) throw away, drop (transitive, money) waste
πετώ • (petó)
simple past - πέταξα
passive - πετάγομαι, πετιέμαι
Alternative form of πετάω (petáo)
πέφτω • (péfto) simple past - έπεσα fall, fall off, drop hang come down
πέφτω (“to fall”)
πῑ́πτω (“to fall, throw oneself down”)
from *peth₂- (“to fall; fly”).
πετω τα σκουπιδια=throw the rubbish
(2 εννοιες)α)Η κοτα δε πετάει αν και μοιαζει με πουλι (the chicken doesn’t fly althought it looks like a bird)
β)πεταω-ω τα σκουπιδα(look kther example’s translation)
πεταω-ω is the same actually(from ancient greek) but people use it like a different words with very small difference in meaning . Actually it is the same . Well i talk about the people i know .
ριχνω λαδι στη σαλατα (I put oil at the salad) you can find it like that but it’s more common to hear βαζω . Anyway πεταω means i dispose something(bcz it’s useless - rubbish) or fly .
Ριχνω means “I drop” but it can be used and as put sometimes at the examples i told.
Πετώ - Πετάω Same thing. Interchangeable, like αγαπώ - αγαπάω, περνώ - περνάω, φορώ - φοράω, περπατώ - περπατάω…
It can either mean to fly, like birds and planes (think πτήση)
or
to dispose of something like rubbish (think πέταμα)
examples:
Να δω τι ώρα πετάω. Η πτήση είναι στις 11.
Let me see what time I’m flying. The floor flight is at 11.
Αυτό είναι για πέταμα. Το πετάω στον σκουπιδοτενεκέ.
This has to be thrown away. I am trashing it / throwing in the wastebin..
Here you could also use ρίχνω, which is also ‘to throw’, but it’s not as common.
Ρίχνω means
let something fall carelessly
toss, drop
but several phrases include it to mean the above in an abstract sense.
Ρίχνω τα ζάρια : roll the dice. Ρίχνω με το όπλο : fire a gun ρίχνω την κυβέρνηση : overthrow the government Ρίχνω [το παιδί] : terminate the pregnancy by abortion ρίχνω το κτήριο: demolish the building ρίχνω μια ματιά : have a look ρίχνω την τιμή: cheapen; lower the price ρίχνω το ηθικό: drag the mood down...
καταλαμβάνω / αμάθεια
λᾰμβᾰ́νω / άγνοια
COMPREHEND / IGNORE
καταλαμβάνω • (katalamváno) (simple past κατέλαβα, passive καταλαμβάνομαι)
seize, capture, acquire sovereignty
(crime) detect
understand, grasp (possibly incorrectly)
Although λαμβάνω (lamváno) and λαβαίνω (lavaíno) are alternative forms having the same meaning…
this is not true of καταλαβαίνω (“to understand, to realise, to notice”)
and καταλαμβάνω (“to seize, to acquire sovereignty”).
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GRASP
λᾰμβᾰ́νω • (lambánō) VERB I take I take hold of, grasp, seize. (of a god) I possess. I catch, discover, detect. I bind (under oath. I keep. I perceive, understand. I undertake. I receive, get. (middle) I take hold of.
λαβή • (laví) f (plural λαβές) Noun handle hilt grip, handgrip, handhold, grasp. \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ IGNORANCE
άγνοια • (ágnoia) f (uncountable)
ignorance, unfamiliarity, unawareness.
From Ancient Greek ἄγνοια (“not knowing”)
αδαημοσύνη f (adaïmosýni, “ignorance”)
αμάθεια f (“illiteracy”)
αγνοώ (“to ignore, cause to be ignorant”)
αγνοώ • (agnoó) (simple past αγνόησα, passive αγνοούμαι)
Verb
not to know, be ignorant of
ignore (someone deliberately)
αγνοούμενος • (agnooúmenos) m (plural αγνοούμενοι, feminine αγνοούμενη)
Noun
missing person.
αγνοούμενος • (agnooúmenos) m (feminine αγνοούμενη, neuter αγνοούμενο)
Participle
missing
(military) posted as missing..
αγνοούμαι • (agnooúmai) passive (simple past αγνοήθηκα, active αγνοώ)
Verb
(passive) to be unknown.
(passive) to be lost.
αδαημοσύνη • (adaïmosýni) f (uncountable)
Noun
ignorance, inexperience.
From αδαής (adaḯs, “ignorant”)
αδαής • (adaḯs) m (feminine αδαής, neuter αδαές)
Adjective
ignorant, inexperienced.
clumsy.
αμαθής • (amathís) m (feminine αμαθής, neuter αμαθές)
Adjective
ignorant, uneducated, illiterate.
αμάθεια • (amátheia) f (plural αμάθειες)
Adjective
ignorance, illiteracy.
αμάθευτος (amátheftos, “unknown”, adjective)
αμάθητος (amáthitos, “not learnt”, adjective)
άμαθος (ámathos, “not learnt”, adjective)
αμάθευτος • (amátheftos) m (feminine αμάθευτη, neuter αμάθευτο)
Adjective
unknown, not known
unlearned, not learnt.
αμάθητος • (amáthitos) m (feminine αμάθευτη, neuter αμάθευτο)
Adjective
not learnt, not studied
inexperienced, unskilled.
άμαθος • (ámathos) m (feminine άμαθη, neuter άμαθο)
Adjective
Synonym, alternative form of αμάθητος.
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ILLITERATE - NOT LEARNED
αμάθητος • (amáthitos) m (feminine αμάθευτη, neuter αμάθευτο)
Adjective
not learnt, not studied
inexperienced, unskilled.
see: αμάθεια f (“ignorance, illiteracy”)
ᾰ̓́γνοιᾰ • (ágnoia) f (genitive ᾰ̓γνοίᾱς); first declension
Noun
The state of not knowing or perceiving: ignorance, unawareness.
From ἀ- (“not”) + γιγνώσκω (“know”) + -ιᾰ
-ιᾰ - (“abstract noun suffix”)
άγνοια f (“ignorance”)
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LEARN - STUDENT - STUDY - PUPIL
μαθαίνω απέξω (“learn by heart”)
μαθαίνω από πρώτο χέρι (“learn first hand”)
μαθημένος (“participle”)
-μαθής (suffix)
-μάθεια f (suffix)
αμάθεια f (“ignorance”)
αμάθευτος (“that which is unknown”)
αμαθής (“ignorant”)
αμάθητος (“not accustomed”)
εκμανθάνω (“learn very well”)
μαθέ (mathé), μαθές (mathés)
μάθημα n (“the lesson itself, the thing learned”)
μάθηση f (“the process of learning”)
μαθησιακός (mathisiakós)
μαθηματικός (“mathematical, mathematician”)
μαθηματικά n pl (“mathematics”)
μαθήτρια f (“pupil, student”)
μαθεύομαι (“to become known”)
μαθητής m (“pupil, student”)
μαθητεία f (“apprenticeship”)
μαθητευόμενη f (mathitevómeni, “apprentice”)
μαθητευόμενος m (mathitevómenos, “apprentice”)
μαθητεύω (mathitévo, “to be apprenticed”)
μαθητικός (“school”)
μαθητιώσα νεολαία (“young generation of students”)
μαθητολόγιο n (“school register”)
μαθητούδι n (“schoolchild, pupil”)
μαθητόκοσμος m (“school children”)
μάθος n sg (“learning”) (rare, idiomatic)
μαθός (“one who has learnt”) (vernacular) from past participle μᾰθών (mathṓn)
κακομαθαίνω (kakomathaíno, “spoil”)
καλομαθαίνω (kalomathaíno, “pamper, spoil”)
ξαναμαθαίνω (xanamathaíno, “learn again”)
ξεμαθαίνω (xemathaíno, “unlearn, forget something I have learnt”)
πρωτομαθαίνω (“learn for the first time”)
Other compounds:
καλομαθημένος (“pampered, spoiled”, participle)
κακομαθημένος (“spoiled”, participle)
πολυμαθής (“polymath”)
πρωτόμαθος (“who has learnt for the first time, beginner”), πρωτομάθητος (protomáthitos)
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μάθημα • (máthima) n (plural μαθήματα)
Noun
lesson (a period set aside for tuition)
subject (an area of knowledge to be taught)
lesson, experience (knowledge gained from an incident in life)
μαθαίνω (“to learn”) + -μα
SUFFIX
-μα • (-ma) n
added to a verb form to create gerund and action nouns:
καπνίζω (“to smoke”) + -μα →
κάπνισμα (“smoking”)
ζεσταίνω (“to heat up”) + -μα →
ζέσταμα (“warming up”)
τελειώνω (“to end”) + -μα →
τελείωμα (“ending”)
ανοίγω (“to open”) + -μα →
άνοιγμα (“opening”)
SUFFIX
-ιμο • (-imo) n
added to a verb form to create gerund nouns:
τρέχω (“to run”) + -ιμο →
τρέξιμο (“running”)
φταίω (“to be at fault”) + -ιμο →
φταίξιμο (“blaming”)
σφάζω (“to slaughter”) + -ιμο →
σφάξιμο (“slaughtering”)
ντύνω (“to dress”) + -ιμο →
ντύσιμο (“dressing”)
φτύνω (“to spit”) + -ιμο →
φτύσιμο (“spitting”)
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μαθηματικός • (mathimatikós) m (feminine μαθηματική, neuter μαθηματικό)
Adjective
mathematical
μαθηματικός • (mathimatikós) m or f
Noun
mathematician
maths teacher (UK), math teacher (US)
μαθηματικά • (mathimatiká) n pl
Noun
mathematics.
μαθηματικά n pl (mathimatiká, “mathematics”)
άλγεβρα f (álgevra, “algebra”)
τριγωνομετρία f (trigonometría, “trigonometry”)
αριθμητική f (arithmitikí, “arithmetic”)
γεωμετρία f (geometría, “geometry”)
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μαθήτρια • (mathítria) f (plural μαθήτριες, masculine μαθητής)
Noun
pupil, student, schoolgirl.
From Ancient Greek μανθάνω (“to learn, to hear, to know”)
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μαθεύομαι • (mathévomai) deponent (simple past μαθεύτηκε)
Verb
transpire, become known.
(impersonal: 3rd person singular, especially in simple past tense) become known, publicised, it is rum
μαθεύεται • (mathévetai)
Veb
3rd person singular present form of μαθεύομαι (mathévomai).:
(of news) becoming known.
(impersonal) it is known, publicised, it is rumored.
μαθεύτηκε • (mathéftike)
Verb
3rd person singular simple past form of μαθεύομαι (mathévomai).:
(of news) became known.
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μαθητής • (mathitís) m (plural μαθητές, feminine μαθήτρια)
Noun
pupil, student, schoolboy, disciple.
απόστολος m (apóstolos, “apostle”)
αποστολέας m or f (apostoléas, “sender”)
μαθητής m (mathitís, “disciple”)
αντάρτης m (antártis, “partisan, guerrilla”)
μᾰθητής • (mathētḗs) m (genitive μᾰθητοῦ); first declension (Attic, Ionic)
Noun
learner, pupil.
pupil of a philosopher or rhetorician.
From Coptic ⲙⲁⲑⲏⲧⲏⲥ (mathētēs) m (plural identical to singular)
disciple
(specifically) any of the Twelve, the disciples of Jesus.
From μᾰθη- (mathē-), a combining form of μᾰνθᾰ́νω (manthánō, “to learn”), + -τής (-tḗs, masculine agent-noun suffix).
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μαθητεία • (mathiteía) f (plural μαθητείες)
Noun
apprenticeship.
μαθητευόμενος • (mathitevómenos) m (plural μαθητευόμενοι, feminine μαθητευόμενη)
Noun
apprentice.
μαθητευόμενη • (mathitevómeni) f (plural μαθητευόμενες, masculine μαθητευόμενος)
Noun
apprentice.
Participle
καλομαθημένος • (kalomathiménos) m (feminine καλομαθημένη, neuter καλομαθημένο)
(negative sense) (used frequently) spoiled.
(positive sense)
accustomed to an easy life, without deprivations.
(more rare) well-bred, well-mannered.
πολυμαθής • (polumathḗs) m or f (neuter πολυμαθές); third declension
Adjective
Having learnt much, knowing much.
From πολύς (“much”) + μαθ- the root of μανθάνω (“to learn”), + -ής (adjective suffix).
τσιράκι • (tsiráki) n (plural τσιράκια)
Noun
apprentice, underling
(figuratively) creep, sycophant.
συκοφάντης • (sykofántis) m (feminine συκοφάντισσα or συκοφάντρια)
calumniator.
συκοφάντης is a false friend.
From the Ancient Greek συκοφάντης (“informant”).
But how a φάντης (“who shows”) σῦκα (“figs”) came to mean “informant”, is debated.
σῡκοφᾰ́ντης • (sūkophántēs) m (genitive σῡκοφᾰ́ντου); first declension (Attic, Koine)
Noun
informant, denouncer (in court)
professional swindler.
σῦκον (“fig”) + φαίνω (“show”) + -της (masculine agent-noun suffix).
calumniator (plural calumniators)
Noun
A person who calumniates (slanders, or makes personal attacks upon, others).
φαντάζω • (fantázo) (simple past φάνταξα, passive φαντάζομαι) (the passive, with different sense)
Verb
(informal): give the impression. +accusative or + σαν (san, “like”)
seems, look like, imposter, “de-son-torte”
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πρᾶξῐς / πᾰ́θη
πρᾱ́σσω / πᾰ́σχω
πρᾶγμᾰ / ἔπᾰθον
πρᾱγμᾰτῐκός / πείθομαι
TO PRACTICE / TO ENDURE
TO ACT UPON ANOTHER /
TO BE ACTED UPON BY ANOTHER
πρᾱ́σσω • (prā́ssō) (Koine)
Verb
I do, practice.
From Proto-Hellenic *prā́ťťō
from Proto-Indo-European *pr̥h₂-k-yé-ti *k-
Enlargement of *per(h₂)- (“to go over, cross”).
πρᾶξῐς • (prâxis) f (genitive πρᾱ́ξεως); third declension NOUN From πρᾱ́σσω (“I do, practice”) + -σῐς -σῐς - (Forms abstract nouns or nouns of action, result or process) deed, act, action, activity business dealing success collection of debts, arrears business, office work, treatise magic spell (euphemistic) sexual intercourse conduct, practice state, condition.
πρᾶγμᾰ • (prâgma) n (genitive πρᾱ́γμᾰτος); third declension
Noun
A thing done, a fact.
From πρᾱ́σσω (“I do, practice”) + -μᾰ
-μᾰ (result noun suffix, the thing done).
πρᾱγμᾰτῐκός • (prāgmatikós) m (feminine - πρᾱγμᾰτῐκή) (neuter - πρᾱγμᾰτῐκόν) Adjective fit for action or business; businesslike, statesmanlike (substantive) agent, attorney (of things) (of history) political (including military) (of speech or action) able, prudent, statesmanlike relating to subject-matter relating to fact material (opposed to formal, verbal) (magic) effective spell troublesome, formidable (of a citadel)
-ῐκός, feminine -ῐκή, neuter -ῐκόν
Added to noun stems to form adjectives: of or pertaining to, in the manner of; (-ic)
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TO BE ACTED UPON BY ANOTHER
TO SUFFER - TO UNDERGO
ἔπᾰθον • (épathon)
Verb
first-person singular/third-person plural aorist indicative active of πᾰ́σχω -
πᾰ́σχω - (I suffer or they suffered)
from Proto-Indo-European…
*kʷendʰ-, *kʷondʰ-, *kʷn̥dʰ
of the root *kʷendʰ- (“to suffer, endure”)
From πενθ-, πονθ-, παθ-
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πᾰ́σχω • (páskhō)
Verb
to undergo, experience (as opposed to acting)
(with another person involved) have someone do something to oneself, to be treated a certain way by someone (with ὑπό (hupó) and genitive, sometimes with adverb of manner)
(in a negative sense) suffer at someone’s hands.
(law) to suffer a punishment
(without a person involved) to experience something, have something happen to one, undergo something.
A trial endured.
To be tested.
to be in a certain situation (with adverb of manner)
to feel an emotion or impulse
(in negative sense) suffer
to be ill or injured in a certain way (with accusative of part affected)
πάσχω
The present πάσχω (páskhō), like the aorist ἔπαθον (épathon), comes from the zero-grade παθ- but with the inchoative suffix -σκω added *πάθ-σκ-ω.
-σκω • (-skō)
Primitive suffix used to form present-tense stems, very rarely associated with the inchoative meaning of becoming.
From Proto-Indo-European *-sḱéti, inchoative or inceptive suffix.
πείσομαι • (peísomai)
VERB
first-person singular future middle indicative of πᾰ́σχω (páskhō)
πείσομαι • (peísomai)
first-person singular future middle indicative of πείθω (peíthō)
πείθω From Proto-Hellenic *péitʰō from Proto-Indo-European *bʰéydʰeti From Latin fīdō From Proto-Germanic *bīdaną From Old English bīdan From English bide VERB I convince, persuade. I succeed through entreaty. I mislead. I bribe. I tempt. I believe, yield to. I obey, trust in.
πείθομαι - mediopassive
πῐθήσω - future dative
πέπεισμαι - Perfect passive
πέποιθᾰ - Perfect active with a passive sense.
μεταπείθω • (metapeítho)
Verb
I dissuade, I bring round.
from Old English bīdan (“to stay, continue, live, remain, delay; wait for, await, expect; endure, experience, find; attain, obtain; own”),
from Proto-Germanic *bīdaną (“to wait”)
from Proto-Indo-European *bʰéydʰeti
from *bʰeydʰ- (“to command, persuade, compel, trust”)
From English - bide
bide
(transitive, chiefly dialectal) To bear; to endure; to tolerate.
(intransitive, archaic or dialectal) To dwell or reside in a location; to abide.
(intransitive, archaic or dialectal) To wait; to be in expectation; to stay; to remain.
(transitive, archaic) To wait for; to await.
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πᾰ́θη • (páthē) f (genitive πᾰ́θης); first declension
NOUN
(in neutral sense) what is done or what happens to a person
(in negative sense) suffering, misfortune.
From πᾰ́σχω (“to undergo”) + -η
-η
Forms an action noun from a verb.
ὡμολόγησεν / ἀρνέομαι
ὁμολογέω / ἀρνουσθαι
SAME MND / DENY
Original Word: ὁμολογέω
from homologos (of one mind)
Part of Speech: Verb
Transliteration: homologeó
Phonetic Spelling: (hom-ol-og-eh'-o)
Definition: to speak the same, to agree
Usage: (a) I promise, agree, (b) I confess, (c) I publicly declare, (d) a Hebraism, I praise, celebrate.
HELPS Word-studies
3670 homologéō (from 3674 /homoú, "together" and 3004 /légō, "speak to a conclusion") – properly, to voice the same conclusion, i.e. agree ("confess"); to profess (confess) because in full agreement; to align with (endorse).
[3670 /homologéō (“confess”) means to speak the same thing, i.e. “assent, agree with, confess, declare, admit” (Vine, Unger, White, NT, 120).]
properly, to say the same thing as another, i. e. to agree with, assent.
not to refuse, i. e. to promise.
not to deny, i. e. to confess; declare: joined with οὐκ ἀρνεῖσθαι.
to profess (the difference between the Latin profiteor (to declare openly and voluntarily') and confiteor (to declare fully,’ implying the yielding or change of one’s conviction; cf.pro fessio fidei, confessio peccatorum) is exhibited in Cicero, pro Sest. 51, 109), i. e. to declare openly, speak out freely (A. V. generally confess.
to profess oneself the worshipper of one.
From a compound of the base of homou and logos; to assent, i.e. Covenant, acknowledge – con- (pro-)fess, confession is made, give thanks, promise.
Original Word: ὁμοῦ Part of Speech: Adverb Transliteration: homou Phonetic Spelling: (hom-oo') Definition: together Usage: together, at the same place and time.
adverb from gen. of homos (the same)
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LOGOS
Original Word: λόγος, ου, ὁ
Part of Speech: Noun, Masculine
Transliteration: logos
Phonetic Spelling: (log’-os)
Definition: a word (as embodying an idea), a statement, a speech
Usage: a word, speech, divine utterance, analogy.
HELPS Word-studies
3056 lógos (from 3004 /légō, “speaking to a conclusion”) – a word, being the expression of a thought; a saying. 3056 /lógos (“word”) is preeminently used of Christ (Jn 1:1), expressing the thoughts of the Father through the Spirit.
[3056 (lógos) is a common term (used 330 times in the NT) with regards to a person sharing a message (discourse, “communication-speech”). 3056 (lógos) is a broad term meaning “reasoning expressed by words.”]
Original Word: λέγω Part of Speech: Verb Transliteration: legó Phonetic Spelling: (leg'-o) Definition: to say Usage: (denoting speech in progress), (a) I say, speak; I mean, mention, tell, (b) I call, name, especially in the pass., (c) I tell, command. HELPS Word-studies 3004 légō (originally, "lay down to sleep," used later of "laying an argument to rest," i.e. bringing a message to closure; see Curtius, Thayer) – properly, to say (speak), moving to a conclusion (bringing it to closure, "laying it to rest"). \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ DENY
From “a” (as a negative particle) and the middle voice of rheo; to contradict, i.e. Disavow, reject, abnegate – deny, refuse.
Original Word: ἀρνέομαι Part of Speech: Verb Transliteration: arneomai Phonetic Spelling: (ar-neh'-om-ahee) Definition: to deny, say no Usage: (a) I deny (a statement), (b) I repudiate (a person, or belief).
arnéomai – properly, deny (refuse); hence, contradict, refuse to affirm or to confess (identify with); disown (repudiate). See also 4716 /staurós (“cross”).
denied (10), denies (5), deny (12), denying (2), disowned (3), refused (1).
to deny, i. e. εἰπεῖν … οὐκ (to say … not, contradict): Mark 14:70; Matthew 26:70; John 1:20; John 18:25, 27; Luke 8:45; Acts 4:16.
ἀρνουσθαι Ἰησοῦν is used of followers of Jesus who, for fear of death or persecution, deny that Jesus is their master, and desert his cause (to disown)
on the other hand, of Jesus, denying that one is his follower: Matthew 10:33; 2 Timothy 2:12.
ἀρνουσθαι God and Christ, is used of those who by cherishing and disseminating pernicious opinions and immorality are adjudged to have apostatized from God and Christ: 1 John 2:22 (cf. 4:2; 2 John 1:7-11); Jude 1:4; 2 Peter 2:1.
ἀρνουσθαι ἑαυτόν, to deny himself, is used in two senses, α. to disregard his own interests: Luke 9:23
ἀπαρνέομαι. β. to prove false to himself, act entirely unlike himself: 2 Timothy 2:13.
to deny i. e. abnegate, abjure; τί, to renounce a thing, forsake it: τήν ἀσέβειαν καί τάς ἐπιθυμίας, Titus 2:12; by act to show estrangement from a thing:
not to accept, to reject, refuse, something offered: τινα, Acts 3:14; Acts 7:35; with an infinitive indicating the thing, Hebrews 11:24. (Compare: ἀπαρνέομαι.)
Original Word: ῥέω,
Phonetic Spelling: (hreh’-o)
Definition: command, make, say, speak of.
For certain tenses of which a prolonged form ereo (er-eh’-o) is used; and both as alternate for epo; perhaps akin (or identical) with rheo (through the idea of pouring forth); to utter, i.e. Speak or say – command, make, say, speak (of). Compare lego.
see GREEK epo
see GREEK rheo
see GREEK lego
Original Word: ἔπω
Phonetic Spelling: (ep’-o)
Definition: answer, bid, bring word, command
see εἶπον.
A primary verb (used only in the definite past tense, the others being borrowed from ereo, rheo, and phemi); to speak or say (by word or writing) – answer, bid, bring word, call, command, grant, say (on), speak, tell. Compare lego.
see GREEK ereo
see GREEK rheo
see GREEK phemi
see GREEK lego
Original Word: ἐρεῶ Part of Speech: Verb Transliteration: ereó Phonetic Spelling: (er-eh'-o) Definition: call, say, speak of, tell Usage: (denoting speech in progress), (a) I say, speak; I mean, mention, tell, (b) I call, name, especially in the pass., (c) I tell, command.
see eipon and legó.
Probably a fuller form of rheo; an alternate for epo in certain tenses; to utter, i.e. Speak or say – call, say, speak (of), tell.
Original Word: εἴ
Transliteration: ei pos
Phonetic Spelling: (i poce)
Definition: if by any means, if somehow.
From ei and pos; if somehow -- if by any means. Original Word: -πώς Transliteration: pós Phonetic Spelling: (poce) Definition: at all
Original Word: εἰ Part of Speech: Conditional Particle Or Conjunction Transliteration: ei Phonetic Spelling: (i) Definition: forasmuch as, if, that Usage: if. HELPS Word-studies 1487 ei (a conditional conjunction) – if. 1487 /ei (followed by any verb) expresses "a condition, thought of as real, or to denote assumptions" (i.e. viewed as factual. for the sake of argument) (BAGD). Accordingly, 1487 (ei) should not be translated "since," but rather always "if" – since the assumption may only be portrayed as valid (true, factual).
Original Word: φημί Part of Speech: Verb Transliteration: phémi Phonetic Spelling: (fay-mee') Definition: to declare, say Usage: I say, declare. HELPS Word-studies 5346 phēmí (from phaō, "shine") – properly, bring to light by asserting one statement (point of view) over another; to speak comparatively, i.e. making effective contrasts which illuminate (literally, "produce an epiphany").
to make known one’s thoughts, to declare; to say: ἔφη.
Properly, the same as the base of phos and phaino; to show or make known one’s thoughts, i.e. Speak or say – affirm, say. Compare lego.
Original Word: φῶς, φωτός, τό Part of Speech: Noun, Neuter Transliteration: phós Phonetic Spelling: (foce) Definition: light Usage: light, a source of light, radiance. HELPS Word-studies 5457 phṓs (a neuter noun) – properly, light (especially in terms of its results, what it manifests); in the NT, the manifestation of God's self-existent life; divine illumination to reveal and impart life, through Christ.
The extremely delicate, subtile, pure, brilliant quality of light has led to the use of φῶς as an appellation of God, i. e. as by nature incorporeal, spotless, holy.
φῶς is used to denote truth and its knowledge, together with the spiritual purity congruous with it (opposed to τό σκότος b., ἡ σκοτία, which see): ἡ ζωή ἦν τό φῶς τῶν ἀνθρώπων, had the nature of light in men, i. e. became the source of human wisdom, John 1:4; especially the saving truth embodied in Christ and by his love and effort imparted to mankind.
ἔρχομαι / φῠγή
COME / GO ARRIVE / FLEE
To Become a member /or/ escape captivity.
To join and defend /or/ abandon, dereliction.
Duty / Breach
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Present: ἔρχομαι Subjunctive and optative from verb εἶμι. Imperfect: ἠρχόμην Future: ἐλεύσομαι Aorist: ἦλθον Aorist: ἤλθοσᾰ (Koine) Aorist: ἤλῠθον (Epic) Perfect: ἐλήλῠθᾰ Perfect: εἰλήλουθᾰ Pluperfect: ἐληλύθειν
εἶμῐ • (eîmi)
Verb
I shall come, go.
From Proto-Indo-European *h₁ey-. Cognates include Mycenaean Greek 𐀂𐀍𐀳 (i-jo-te), Latin eō (“I go”), Sanskrit एति (eti, “goes”), Hittite 𒄿𒄿𒀀𒀜𒋫 (i-ya-at-ta /iyatta/, “goes”), Old Persian 𐎠𐎡𐎫𐎡𐎹 (aitiy, “goes”), Old Church Slavonic ити (iti), Old English ēode (“went”).
Old English - ēode
inflection of gān:
gān
to go, walk.
from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰeh₁- (“to leave”)
From Proto-Germanic *gāną (to go, to walk)
from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰé-ǵʰeh₁-ti (“to abandon, leave”)
from *ǵʰeh₁- (“to go, walk”)
Old English - yode (ȝede)
(obsolete) simple past tense of go; went.
Ancient Greek χήρα (“widow, heiress”).
Cognate Latin heres (heiress)
From Ancient Greek χήρα
from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰé-ǵʰeh₁-ti (“to abandon, leave”), from *ǵʰeh₁- (“to go, walk”)
Cognate with Latin heres.
hērēs c (genitive hērēdis); third declension
heir, heiress.
From Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰeh₁ro- (“derelict”), from the root *ǵʰeh₁- (“to leave behind, abandon”). Cognate with Ancient Greek χήρα (“widow”)
*ǵʰeh₁ro-
derelict; an abandoned or forsaken person.
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έρχομαι (“to come”)
ἔρχομαι • (érkhomai)
Verb
(intransitive) I come, go.
ἔρχομαι Part of Speech: Verb Transliteration: erchomai Phonetic Spelling: (er'-khom-ahee) Definition: to come, go Usage: I come, go.
the derivative ἔλευσις ( “arrival”)
ἐρχ- of ἔρχομαι, initially ἐρθ-σκομαι.
strong ἐλευθ-, weak ἐλυθ- with syncope ἐλθ- of unused verb *ἐλεύθω.
ἐλεύσομαι • (eleúsomai) (Epic, Ionic, Tragic Greek)
Verb
first-person singular future middle indicative of ἔρχομαι (érkhomai)
ἐλθ- supplies aorist ἦλθον (êlthon)
ἀπέρχομαι (“depart from”)
διέρχομαι (“pass through; narrate in detail”)
εἰσέρχομαι (“come in”)
ἐπέρχομαι (“come upon, attack”)
κατέρχομαι (“go down; return from exile”)
παρέρχομαι (“pass, go away from”)
περιέρχομαι (“go about”)
προσέρχομαι (“come”)
συνέρχομαι (“come together with others; start fighting”)
ἀπεληλύθεισαν
had gone away
V-LIA-3P
From Proto-Indo-European *h₁ludʰét (“to arrive”).
*h₁ludʰét (perfective)
to arrive.
Root thematic aorist of *h₁lewdʰ- (“to grow, climb”).
*h₁lewdʰ-
To grow, to increase the number of people.
To Increase Membership.
SANSKRIT
रोधति • (ródhati) (root रुध्, class 1, type P)
VERB
to grow, to sprout, to sprout shoots.
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Derived Ancient Greek: ἐλεύθερος (“free”)
ἐλεύθερος • (eleútheros) m (feminine ἐλευθέρᾱ, neuter ἐλεύθερον); first/second declension
Noun
free
(substantive) freedom
fit for a freeman.
ἐλευθερῐ́ᾱ • (eleutheríā) f (genitive ἐλευθερῐ́ᾱς); first declension Noun freedom, liberty Ἐλευθερία ἢ Θάνατος. Eleuthería ḕ Thánatos. Freedom or Death. manumission license.
manumission (countable and uncountable, plural manumissions)
Release from slavery or other legally sanctioned servitude; the giving of freedom; the act of manumitting.
manūmittō (present infinitive manūmittere, perfect active manūmisī, supine manūmissum); third conjugation
I release, free, emancipate.
Univerbation of the ablative manū (“from the hand”) and mittō (“to send”) used together.
Cognate with Proto-Italic *manus (“hand”).
From Proto-Indo-European *(s)meh₂- (“to beckon”). Compare Proto-Germanic *mundō (“hand; protection, security”).
manus f (genitive manūs); fourth declension Noun hand (figuratively) bravery, valor (figuratively) violence, fighting handwriting a side, part, faction a stake (in dice) a thrust with a sword paw of an animal trunk of an elephant branch of a tree (military, nautical) grappling hooks used to snare enemy vessels group, company, host, multitude of people, especially of soldiers labor power, might
OLD ENGLISH - mund f (nominative plural munda or munde) Noun (poetic) hand trust, security. protection protector, guardian.
From Proto-Germanic *mundō. *mundō f Non hand protection, security.
From Proto-Indo-European *mh₂-nt-éh₂ (“the beckoning one”), from *meh₂- (“to beckon”). Cognate with Proto-Italic *manus (“hand”).
beckon (v.)
Old English gebecnian
West Saxon beacnian) “to make a mute sign, signal by a nod or gesture,”
from Proto-Germanic *bauknjan
source also of Old Saxon boknian,
Old High German bouhnen),
from PIE root *bha- (1) “to shine” (compare beacon).
beck (v.)
“to signal by a nod or gesture,” c. 1300, shortening of beckon. (v.).
mandamus (n.)
“writ from a superior court to an inferior court or officer specifying that something be done by the persons addressed, as being within their office or duty,” 1530s (late 14c. in Anglo-French), from Latin mandamus “we order” (opening word of the writ), first person plural present indicative of mandare “to order” (see mandate (n.)). “Its use is generally confined to cases of complaint by some person having an interest in the performance of a public duty, when effectual relief against its neglect cannot be had in the course of an ordinary action” [Century Dictionary].
mandate (n.)
c. 1500, “a command, a judicial or legal order,” from Middle French mandat (15c.) and directly from Latin mandatum “commission, command, order,” noun use of neuter past participle of mandare “to order, commit to one’s charge,” literally “to give into one’s hand,” probably from manus “hand” (from PIE root *man- (2) “hand”) + dare “to give” (from PIE root *do- “to give”).
League of Nations sense “commission issued by the League authorizing a selected power to administer and develop a territory for a specified purpose” (also used of the territory so specified) is from 1919.
*man- (2)
Proto-Indo-European root meaning “hand.”
It is the hypothetical source of/evidence for its existence is provided by: Hittite maniiahh- “to distribute, entrust;” Greek mane “hand,” Latin manus “hand, strength, power over; armed force; handwriting,” mandare “to order, commit to one’s charge,” literally “to give into one’s hand;” Old Norse mund “hand,” Old English mund “hand, protection, guardian,” German Vormund “guardian;” Old Irish muin “protection, patronage.”
It forms all or part of: amanuensis; command; commando; commend; countermand; demand; Edmund; emancipate; legerdemain; maintain; manacle; manage; manciple; mandamus; mandate; manege; maneuver; manicure; manifest; manipulation; manner; manque; mansuetude; manual; manubrium; manufacture; manumission; manumit; manure; manuscript; mastiff; Maundy Thursday; mortmain; Raymond; recommend; remand; Sigismund.
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Present: φεύγω, φεύγομαι Imperfect: ἔφευγον, ἐφευγόμην Future: φεύξομαι Aorist: ἔφῠγον Perfect: πέφευγᾰ, πέφῠγμαι
φῠγή • (phugḗ) f (genitive φῠγῆς); first declension Verb flight, retreat, escape exile, banishment. Equivalent to φεύγω (“flee”) + -η (action noun suffix). From Proto-Indo-European *bʰugéh₂. *bʰugéh₂ f flight, escape. From *bʰewg- (“to flee, to escape”) *bʰewg- to flee. *bʰegʷ- to flee, to run.
φῠγᾰ́ς • (phugás) m or f (genitive φῠγᾰ́δος); third declension (Attic, Ionic) Noun one who flees from his or her country. voluntarily: runaway, fugitive. by legal sentence: exile. fugitive, runaway, escapee.
φεύγω • (pheúgō)
Verb
(intransitive) to flee, run off, go a certain direction with haste (often with prepositions)
(transitive) to flee, escape, avoid, get away from (danger or trouble)
(transitive or intransitive) to leave the country, go into exile
(intransitive) to be exiled, banished, driven out of the country [+ ὑπό (genitive) = by someone]
(intransitive, present and imperfect) to be in exile, live in banishment
(perfect) to have escaped, be safe from.
(law, chiefly present and imperfect) to be accused of a crime; often with δίκην (díkēn) and genitive of the crime.
(to flee, be accused): διώκω (diṓkō, “to pursue, accuse”)
διαφεύγω • (diafévgo) (simple past διέφυγα)
Verb
escape, elude, get away.
καταφεύγω
Verb
To take refuge. Political asylum.
From κατά (katá) + φεύγω (févgo, “to flee”)
καταφύγιο • (katafýgio) n (plural καταφύγια)
Noun
shelter, refuge.
διαφυγή • (diafygí) f (plural διαφυγές)
Noun
(real and figuratively): escape (from dangerous or unpleasant situation)
leak (gas, water, radioactivity, etc)
αφήνω (afíno, “to leave, let go, abandon”)
βγαίνω (vgaíno, “to go out, come out”)
απόδραση • (apódrasi) f (plural αποδράσεις)
Noun
escape (act of leaving a restricting facility, actual or figurative)
δραπέτευση • (drapétefsi) f (plural δραπετεύσεις)
Noun
escape.
δραπετεύω • (drapetévo) (simple past δραπέτευσα)
Verb
escape, get away.
διαρροή • (diarroḯ) f (plural διαρροές)
Non
leak (in pipe, tank etc)
(figuratively) leak (disclosure of confidential information), defection, loss.
διαρρέω (diarréo, “to leak, to drain”)
ἀπόδρᾱσῐς • (apódrāsis) f (genitive ἀποδρᾱ́σεως); third declension
Noun
escape, evasion.
SUFFIX
-σῐς
Added to verb stems to form abstract nouns or nouns of action, result or process
-τις • (-tis) Earlier form of of -σις (Abstract noun resulting from a previous action) Retained after dentals δ, θ, σ, τ. *πιθ-τις > πῐ́στῐς (pístis) \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ TO FEAR (Related to φῠγή)
Ancient Greek: φέβομαι (“to flee”)
Ancient Greek: φοβέω (“to alarm”)
Ancient Greek: φόβος (“fear”)
φόβος • (phóbos) m (genitive φόβου); second declension Noun fear, terror, alarm, fright, panic The act of fleeing: flight, retreat awe, reverence That which causes fear: terror. From φέβομαι + -ος -ος Added to verbal roots to form a noun of result or an abstract noun of action.
φοβέω • (phobéō) Noun (Epic) to put to flight to terrify, alarm to threaten (passive) to be frightened to be in awe of, to dread.
φέβομαι • (phébomai) Verb (poetic) I am put to flight, I flee φοβέομαι • Verb present mediopassive indicative first-person singular of φοβέω
δραπέτης • (drapétis) m (plural δραπέτες, feminine δραπέτισσα)
Noun
escapee, runaway, absconder, fugitive (person who has escaped confinement eg prison)
Οι δραπέτες κρύφτηκαν σ’ ένα εγκαταλειμμένο σπίτι. ―
The escapees hid in an abandoned house.
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ἥκω • (hḗkō)
Verb
to have come, to be present.
ῑ̔́κω • (hī́kō) Verb (intransitive) to come (transitive) to come to, arrive at (transitive) to reach (transitive) to come upon (befall, affect)
From Proto-Indo-European *seyk- (“to reach (for)”).
cognate with ἥκω (“to have arrived, be present”).
ἱκᾱ́νω • (hikā́nō) Verb (intransitive) to arrive, come (transitive) to come to, reach, attain (transitive) to approach as a suppliant.
ῐ̔κνέομαι • (hiknéomai)
Verb
To come, reach, arrive at
(impersonal, in present and imperfect) To be appropriate, fitting, proper [+accusative = for someone, something] [+infinitive = to do something]
ἀφικνέομαι • (aphiknéomai)
Verb
to arrive, come.
From ἀπο- (apo-) + ἱκνέομαι (hiknéomai)
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ἀπῆλθεν
went away
V-AIA-3S
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Δεῦτε, δεύτε
Come
V-M-2P
δεῦτε Original Word: δεῦτε Part of Speech: Verb Transliteration: deute Phonetic Spelling: (dyoo'-teh) Definition: come! Usage: come hither, come, hither, an exclamatory word.
δεῦρο Original Word: δεῦρο Part of Speech: Adverb; Verb Transliteration: deuro Phonetic Spelling: (dyoo'-ro) Definition: until now, come here! Usage: (originally: hither, hence) (a) exclamatory: come, (b) temporal: now, the present.
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ἀφῆκεν
He left
V-AIA-3S
Original Word: ἀφίημι
Part of Speech: Verb
Transliteration: aphiémi
Phonetic Spelling: (af-ee’-ay-mee)
Definition: to send away, leave alone, permit
Usage: (a) I send away, (b) I let go, release, permit to depart, (c) I remit, forgive, (d) I permit, suffer.
HELPS Word-studies
863 aphíēmi (from 575 /apó, “away from” and hiēmi, “send”) – properly, send away; release (discharge).
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ἀπεληλύθεισαν
had gone away
V-LIA-3P
ἓν / πάντες
ONE THING / ALL THINGS
One Thing
How many things? One thing.
How many people? One person.
a cardinal numeral, one.
universally
Not to be confused with - ἐν
Contrasted and opposed to πάντες
πάντας = All things
πᾶς, πᾶσα, πᾶν = (“each, every”) means “all” in the sense of “each (every) part that applies.” The emphasis of the total picture then is on “one piece at a time.” = The Whole of the Parts.
ἓν
Adj-NNS
εἷς
Adj-NMS
ἕνα
Adj-AMS
ἑνὶ
Adj-DMS
ἑνὸς
Adj-GMS
μία
Adj-NFS
μίαν
Adj-AFS
μιᾶς
Adj-GFS
οὐ
IS - IS NOT / YES - NO
POSITIVE - NEGATIVE
NEGATION VOID ABSENCE
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οὐ
3756 ou – no (“not”). 3756 (ou) objectively negates a statement, “ruling it out as fact.”
[3756 (ou) is written ouk before smooth breathings and oux before a rough breathing.]
οὐ (ou) — 699 Occurrences
Matthew 5:14 Adv
GRK: τοῦ κόσμου οὐ δύναται πόλις
KJV: on an hill cannot be hid.
INT: of the world not is able A city
Matthew 5:18 Adv
GRK: μία κεραία οὐ μὴ παρέλθῃ
INT: one tittle no not shall pass away
οὐχ (ouch) — 105 Occurrences
Matthew 6:26 Adv
GRK: τρέφει αὐτά οὐχ ὑμεῖς μᾶλλον
KJV: Are ye not much better than
INT: feeds them not you much
οὐκ (ouk) — 830 Occurrences
Matthew 1:25 Adv
GRK: καὶ οὐκ ἐγίνωσκεν αὐτὴν
NAS: but kept her a virgin until
KJV: her not till
INT: and not knew her
Matthew 2:18 Adv
GRK: αὐτῆς καὶ οὐκ ἤθελεν παρακληθῆναι
NAS: FOR HER CHILDREN; AND SHE REFUSED TO BE COMFORTED,
KJV: and would not be comforted, because
INT: of her and not would be comforted
χωρὶς
Negation by way of separate independence. To imply something can be separate. Something can be apart from awareness, in other words, purely unknown. Buy this is impossible, the very act of naming the unknown makes it a known, and anything unknown is unprovable.
μή
mé: not, that…not, lest (used for qualified negation)
3361 mḗ (a particle which functions as an adverb) – no, not. 3361 (mḗ) negates “subjectively,” ruling out any implications (“suggestions”) that could be involved with what should (could, would) apply.
3361 /mḗ (“not”) negates the underlying idea (concept) of a statement, ruling out its possibilities, i.e. all that it suggests on a conceptual or hypothetical plane.
[3361 /mḗ (“not, no”) then negates the implications(suggestions) that naturally spring from the negated statement.]
οὐδείς, οὐδεμία, οὐδέν
oudeis and outheis, oudemia, ouden and outhen: no one, none
οὐδείς
3762 oudeís (from 3756 /ou “no, not” and 1520 /heís, “one”) – properly, not one; no one, nothing.
3762 /oudeís (“no one, nothing at all”) is a powerful negating conjunction. It rules out by definition, i.e. “shuts the door” objectively and leaves no exceptions. 3762 (oudeís) is deductive in force so it excludes every(any) example that is included withing the premise (supposition).
[3762 /oudeís (“not one, none”) categorically excludes, declaring as a fact that no valid example exists.]
and not one, no one, none, no;
οὐδὲν
οὐδέν οὐ μή with aorist subjunctive Luke 10:19(Rst G WH marginal reading; see μή, IV. 2). οὐδέν, absolutely, nothing whatever, not at all, in no wise(cf. Buttmann, § 131, 10): ἀδικεῖν (see ἀδικέω, 2 b.), Acts 25:10; Galatians 4:12; οὐδέν διαφέρειν τίνος, Galatians 4:1; ὑστέρειν, 2 Corinthians 12:11; ὠφέλειν, John 6:63; 1 Corinthians 13:3. οὐδέν ἐστιν, it is nothing, of no importance, etc. (cf. Buttmann, § 129, 5): Matthew 23:16, 18; John 8:54; 1 Corinthians 7:19; with a genitive, none of these things is true,Acts 21:24; Acts 25:11; οὐδέν εἰμί, I am nothing, of no account:
οὐδέ
3761 oudé (from 3756 /ou, “not” and 1161 /dé, “moreover”) – properly, moreover not, neither indeed, not even, nor even.
3761 /oudé (“neither indeed,” “nor indeed”) introduces a statement that is negated factually and deductively (it occurs 137 times in the NT). That is, the negation rules out (invalidates) the statement that precedes it, and what naturally extends from it. This is analogous to the following: Because 100 is not enough, then neither are 90, 80, or 70 because they are all included in 100. Thus if “A” (100 in the previous example) is invalid, so is what necessarily follows (statement “B” – 90, 80, 70).
[Regardless of how 3761 (oudé) is translated, it means: If “A” (the preceding statement) isn’t true (valid) – then “B” (which extends from it) is also not valid. As in the previous example: If 100 is not enough (valid), then automatically neither are 90, 80, 70, etc.]
Not aware of it.
No capacity to remember it.
Without named attribute
Without knowledge of…
Awareness not focusing on object or concept at the moment
Forgotten or lost but once known
Not known by the individual but existent and knowable
Concealed
Purposefully misdirected awareness
Present and knowable but Not paying attention, low situational awareness or lack of priority or appropriate alert.
Not invented
Not discovered
Not conceived
Not named
VOID - NO - NOTHING - NOT - NONE - NEG
( No Potential )
( No Supporting Substratum )
( Not possessing non-locality )
( Not Having Existence )
( Not Having Awareness )
( Not possessing form )
( No thought - Feeling - Sensation )
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( No Transformation )
( Not contained or enclosed in a cell, set, group or category )
( Not in relation to )
( Not associated with )
( Not holding an attribute )
( Not touching )
( Not connected with )
( Not articulating with )
( Not able to )
( Without capacity to )
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NO ATTRIBUTE Negation - Negative Disappear Non-Existence Non-Being “Without” awareness, Absent form, matter, force, space, entity, attribute or influence Not Having Not Containing Not Existing Not Being Not Known Not Felt Not Sensed Not Possible Not Manifestable Pure Negation
⭕️ PLEROMA = ONE ( 1 ) Positive. Posit. Fullness, set of all sets. Complete. ALL meaning. Light. Nirvana. Gnosis.
⭕️ KENOMA = ZERO ( 0 ) Negative. Negate. Emptiness. Nothing. Void. Vacuum. Space. Darkness. Abyss. Samsara. Ignorance.
λήθω / αληθώς
δικος / ἄδικος
ἀλήθεια
ψευδής
ἀδικία
TRUTH - NOT TRUTH
JUSTICE - INJUSTICE
ἀλήθεια
From ἀληθής (“true”) + -ιᾰ (abstract noun suffix)
from ἀ- (“not”) and λήθω (“I escape notice, I am hidden”)
whence English lethargy (“sluggishness”)
from Proto-Indo-European *leh₂- (“to hide”).
ἀληθής
From ἀ- (“not”) + λήθω (“hide, forget”)
variant of λανθάνω (“to do secretly”) + -ής (adjective suffix)
literally, “unconcealed” or “not forgotten”.
ᾰ̓ληθής • (alēthḗs) m or f (neuter ᾰ̓ληθές); third declension
Adjective
(of things) true, real, genuine
(of people) truthful, honest
(neuter accusative plural, ἀληθῆ, in answer to a question) that’s right.
Antonym - ψευδής (pseudḗs, “false, untrue”)
αληθινός
True
ᾰ̓ληθῐνός
Adjective
(of persons) truthful, trustworthy.
(of things) real and true, genuine.
αλήθεια • (alítheia) f (plural αλήθειες)
Noun
truth
Πες μου την αλήθεια. ― Tell me the truth.
αλήθεια • (alítheia)
Adverb
really, truly.
είναι αλήθεια (“it is true”)
ορός της αλήθειας m (“truth serum”)
αληθεύω • (alithévo) (simple past αλήθεψα)
Verb
come true, be realised
be true, be right.
αλητεύω • (alitévo) (simple past αλήτεψα)
Verb
loaf, bum around.
αλήτης • (alítis) m (plural αλήτες, feminine αλήτισσα)
Noun
bum, roughneck, loafer
delinquent, yobbo.
αλητεία • (aliteía) f (plural αλητείες)
Noun
vagrancy, hooliganism, vagabondage.
αληταρία f (“hooliganism”) αληταράς m (“roughneck”) αληταρία f (“delinquency”) αληταριό n (“riff-raff, yobbery, delinquents”) αλήτικος (“roaming”) αλητόπαιδο (“street urchin”)
αληταράς • (alitarás) m (plural αληταράδες, feminine αληταρού)
Noun
hooligan, yob, yobbo (UK)
bum, roughneck, loafer, punk (US)
αλητάμπουρας • (alitámpouras) m (plural αλητάμπουρες)
Noun
hooligan, yob, yobbo (UK)
bum, roughneck, loafer, punk (US)
αλανιάρης • (alaniáris) m (feminine αλανιάρα, neuter αλανιάρικο)
Adjective
describing:
layabout, bum
(irony) a carefree man of the streets.
As a noun… carefree man of the streets.
αλάνι • (aláni) n (plural αλάνια)
Noun
(colloquial, obsolete) Alternative form of αλάνα (alána) (sense: vacant lot)
(colloquial, by extension) street urchin (child who lives, or spends most of his/her time, in the streets or in the above lot)
αλάνης • (alánis) m (plural αλάνηδες, feminine αλάνισσα)
Noun
carefree man of the streets, gadabout, bum.
αληταράς m (“yobbo”)
compare with: αλητεία f (“vagrancy”)
see: αλητεύω (alitévo, “to loaf”)
Yobbish - Yob
(derogatory, chiefly Britain, Australia, New Zealand, slang) A person who engages in antisocial behaviour or drunkenness.
αληθώς • (alithós) (formal, Katharevousa) really, truly used in set phrase for Easter greeting, as answer to Christ is risen: -Χριστός ανέστη! -Αληθώς ανέστη! -Christós anésti! -Alithós anésti! -Christ is risen! -Truly risen!
αληθώς ανέστη (“truly risen -Easter greeting”)
ᾰ̓νῐ́στημῐ • (anístēmi)
active of the present, imperfect, future, and first aorist, and the perfect active ᾰ̓νέστᾰκᾰ (anéstaka)
(transitive) to make to stand up, raise up.
(transitive) to raise from sleep, wake up.
(transitive) to raise from the dead.
(after Homer, of things, transitive) to set up, build.
(transitive) to rouse to action, stir up.
(transitive) to make people rise, break up an assembly, to adjourn.
(transitive) to make suppliants rise and leave sanctuary.
(transitive) to make to ascend.
(intransitive) to stand up, rise, to speak.
(of sportsmen, transitive) to put up game, to spring.
(intransitive) to rise from bed.
(intransitive) to rise from an illness, recover.
(intransitive) to rise as a champion.
(intransitive) to rise up, rear itself.
(intransitive) to be set up.
(of a law court, intransitive) to rise.
ᾰ̓νᾰ́στᾰσῐς • (anástasis) f (genitive ᾰ̓νᾰστᾰ́σεως or ᾰ̓νᾰστᾰ́σῐος); third declension Noun standing up the act of making someone move, removal resurrection, anastasis.
ανάσταση • (anástasi) f (plural αναστάσεις)
Noun
revival, resurrection.
Ανάσταση • (Anástasi) f
Noun
(Christianity) Resurrection.
ανασταίνω • (anastaíno) (simple past ανάστησα, passive ανασταίνομαι)
Verb
resurrect, revive, revitalise (UK), revitalize (US), bring back to life.
αναστάσιμος • (anastásimos) m (feminine αναστάσιμη, neuter αναστάσιμο)
Easter
αναστάσιμα τροπάρια ― Easter hymn
αναστένω • (anasténo) (simple past ανέστησα, ανάστησα, passive αναστένομαι)
Verb
Alternative form of ανασταίνω (anastaíno)
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ANTONYM OF
ᾰ̓ληθής - Antonym - ψευδής
ψευδής • (pseudḗs) m or f (neuter ψευδές); third declension
lying, false, untrue.
deceived, beguiled.
From the root of ψεύδω (“to lie”) + -ής (adjective suffix).
ψευδής • (psevdís) m (feminine ψευδής, neuter ψευδές)
Adjective
false; sham; insincere; wearing masks.
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Original Word: ἀδικία, ας, ἡ Part of Speech: Noun, Feminine Transliteration: adikia Phonetic Spelling: (ad-ee-kee'-ah) Definition: injustice, unrighteousness Usage: injustice, unrighteousness, hurt.
specifically, unrighteousness by which others are deceived: John 7:18 (opposed to ἀληθής)
a deed violating law and justice, act of unrighteousness.
specifically, the wrong of depriving another of what is his.
reward obtained by wrong-doing.
adikía (a feminine noun derived from 1 /A “not” and 1349 /díkē, “justice”) – properly, the opposite of justice; unrighteousness, as a violation of God’s standards (justice) which brings divine disapproval; a count (violation) of God’s justice, i.e. what is contrary to His righteous judgments (what He approves).
Original Word: ἄδικος, ον Part of Speech: Adjective Transliteration: adikos Phonetic Spelling: (ad'-ee-kos) Definition: unjust, unrighteous Usage: unjust, unrighteous, wicked.
Cognate: 94 ádikos (an adjective, derived from 1 /A “no” and 1349 /díkē, “justice”) – properly, without justice; unjust, because violating what God says is just; divinely disapproved. See 93 (adikia).
94/ádikos (“unjust”) is injustice as a breach of divine justice, i.e. in violation of God’s standards. 94 /ádikos (“unjust”) describes being found guilty in God’s court of law, i.e. as a binding, legal infraction against His law which calls for divine retribution for disrespecting true justice.
from alpha (as a neg. prefix) and diké.
ἄδικος, (δίκη) (from Hesiod down); descriptive of one who violates or has violated justice.
of one who breaks God’s laws, unrighteous, sinful.
specifically, of one who deals fraudulently with others, Luke 18:11; who is false to a trust, Luke 16:10 (opposed to πιστός)
From a (as a negative particle) and dike; unjust; by extension wicked; by implication, treacherous; specially, heathen – unjust, unrighteous.
Original Word: δίκη, ης, ἡ
Part of Speech: Noun, Feminine
Transliteration: diké
Phonetic Spelling: (dee’-kay)
Definition: right (as self-evident), justice (the principle, a decision or its execution)
Usage: (a) (originally: custom, usage) right, justice, (b) process of law, judicial hearing, (c) execution of sentence, punishment, penalty, (d) justice, vengeance.
Cognate: 1349 díkē – properly, right, especially a judicial verdict which declares someone approved or disapproved; a judgment (just finding) that regards someone (something) as “guilty” or “innocent.” See 1343 (dikaiosynē).
[1349 (díkē) is used in classical Greek for a legal decision – a recompense (based on justice). In the LXX, dikē is used nine times to translate rî, the Hebrew term for “law-suit.”]
a judicial hearing, judicial decision, especially a sentence of condemnation.
Probably from deiknuo; right (as self-evident), i.e. Justice (the principle, a decision, or its execution) – judgment, punish, vengeance.
Original Word: δείκνυμι Part of Speech: Verb Transliteration: deiknumi Phonetic Spelling: (dike-noo'-o) Definition: to show Usage: I point out, show, exhibit; met: I teach, demonstrate, make known.
properly, to show, i. e. expose to the eyes.
with the accusative of the thing, to give the evidence or proof of a thing.
to show by words, to teach.
δείκνυσιν
V-PIA-3S
δεῖξον
V-AMA-2S
δεικνύειν
V-PNA
ἔδειξεν
V-AIA-3S
Δείξατέ
V-AMA-2P
πρῶτος / ἔσχᾰτος
FIRST - LAST
ἔσχᾰτος • (éskhatos) m (feminine ἐσχᾰ́τη, neuter ἔσχᾰτον); first/second declension. Adjective At one end of a continuum (of space) farthest, most remote [+genitive = from something or someone] last, at the end at the back, hindmost lowest highest innermost (of time) last, final (of degree) extreme (of quality) best; worst Neuter ἔσχᾰτον (éskhaton), as substantive: the end, the utmost, the worst.
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πρῶτος • (prôtos) m (feminine πρώτη, neuter πρῶτον); first/second declension Adjective first earliest foremost, most prominent (mathematics) prime.
πρώτος • (prótos) m (feminine πρώτη, neuter πρώτο)
(ordinal numeral) first
ο Πρώτος Παγκόσμιος Πόλεμος ― o Prótos Pagkósmios Pólemos ― the First World War.
πρότερος • (próteros) m (feminine προτέρᾱ, neuter πρότερον); first/second declension
(of place) before, in front
(of time) former, earlier
(of rank, worth, and generally of precedence) superior.
From πρό (pró, “before”) + -τερος (-teros, contrastive or comparative suffix).
malus / bonus
PENALTY / ADDITIONAL COMPENSATION
From Latin malus, by analogy with bonus (“additional compensation”)
bonus (feminine bona, neuter bonum, comparative melior, superlative optimus or optumus); first/second declension
good, honest, brave, noble, kind, pleasant
Antonym: malus
right
useful
valid
healthy
βλέπω / τυφλός
SEE - BLIND
βλέπω • (blépō)
to look at
to see
to be aware of.
Greek: βλέπω (vlépo, “to see”)
βλέπω Part of Speech: Verb Transliteration: blepó Phonetic Spelling: (blep'-o) Definition: to look (at) Usage: (primarily physical), I look, see, perceive, discern. HELPS Word-studies 991 blépō – properly, to see, be observant (watchful). 991 (blépō) suggests "to see something physical, with spiritual results (perception)." That is, it carries what is seen into the non-physical (immaterial) realm so a person can take the needed action (respond, beware, be alert).
beware (5), careful (1), careful* (1), consider (1), facing (1), guard (1), keep on seeing (2), look (7), looking (5), looks (1), partial* (2), saw (12), see (54), seeing (8), seen (8), sees (8), sight (2), take care (5), take heed (5), watch (1).
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ANTONYMS
βλέπω
to be possessed of sight, have the power of seeing, opposed to τυφλός.
τῠφλός • (tuphlós) m (feminine τῠφλή, neuter τῠφλόν); first/second declension
Adjective
blind
of the limbs of the blind.
(figuratively) of the other senses and the mind.
(of things) blind, dark, unseen, dim, obscure.
(of passages or apertures) blind, closed, with no outlet.
(adverbial) blindly.
Original Word: τυφλός, ή, όν Part of Speech: Adjective Transliteration: tuphlos Phonetic Spelling: (toof-los') Definition: blind Usage: blind, physically or mentally.
τυφλός, τυφλοῦ, ὁ (τύφω, to raise a smoke; hence, properly, ‘darkened by smoke’), from Homer down, the Sept. for עִוֵּר, blind.
From, tuphoo; opaque (as if smoky), i.e. (by analogy) blind (physically or mentally) – blind.
τυφόω Part of Speech: Verb Transliteration: tuphoó Phonetic Spelling: (toof-o'-o) Definition: to be conceited, foolish Usage: I puff up, make haughty; pass: I am puffed up, am haughty.
typhóō (from typhos, “smoke”) – properly, to blow smoke, cloud up the air; (figuratively) having a cloudy (muddled) mind-set, i.e. moral blindness resulting from poor judgment which brings further loss of spiritual perception.
From a derivative of tupho; to envelop with smoke, i.e. (figuratively) to inflate with self-conceit – high-minded, be lifted up with pride, be proud.
τύφω Part of Speech: Verb Transliteration: tuphó Phonetic Spelling: (too'-fo) Definition: to raise smoke Usage: I raise smoke, smolder.
τύφω: (τῦφος, smoke); from Herodotus down; to cause or emit smoke (Plautus fumifico), raise a smoke; passive (present participle τυφόμενος) to smoke (Vulg.fumigo): Matthew 12:20.
τυφόμενον (typhomenon) — 1 Occurrence
Matthew 12:20 V-PPM/P-ANS
GRK: καὶ λίνον τυφόμενον οὐ σβέσει
NAS: HE WILL NOT BREAK OFF, AND A SMOLDERING WICK
KJV: break, and smoking flax shall he
INT: and a wick smoldering not he will quench.
τυφλοῖς — 2 Occ. τυφλὸν — 6 Occ. τυφλὸς — 15 Occ. τυφλοῦ — 3 Occ. τυφλούς — 4 Occ. ἐτύφλωσεν — 2 Occ.
τῦφος, name of four kinds of fever, one of which is accompanied by stupor.
Typhus has been described since at least 1528 AD.[7] The name comes from the Greek tûphos (τύφος) meaning hazy, describing the state of mind of those infected.
